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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,528 Documents
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Prevalence and health-seeking behavior of leprosy patients at Universitas Mataram Hospital Krisnanti Putri, Wayan Julita; Hapsari, Yunita; Kusuma, Dinie Ramdhani
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 05 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i05.8777

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to acknowledge leprosy patients' prevalence and health-seeking behavior at the outpatient clinic of UNRAM Hospital. Methods: This study used a retrospective cohort design of leprosy patients from January 2021 to April 2023. Results: There were 40 leprosy patients, including 35 patients (87.5%) with multibacillary type, and five patients (12.5%) were identified as paucibacillary type. This study included 21 men (52.5%) and 19 women (47.5%). Based on age, the most frequent group came from people aged around 26-45 years old (45%). There were 16 unemployed patients (40%) and 14 (35%) senior high school graduates. Mataram had the most leprosy cases (52.2%) in UNRAM hospital. There were 20 cases (50%) of Type 1 reaction and 32 patients (80%) who received multidrug therapy. There were 21 patients (52.5%) who developed a disability. Most patients (45%) came to the clinic several times yearly. They were mostly female (56%), while men went to the clinic at least once yearly (67%). Patients under 45 (67%) and those with lower educational levels (78%) came more frequently than other groups. Conclusion: The prevalence of the study is important for realizing the burden of the disease and establishing a preventive approach towards leprosy. The role of health providers is important in engaging the awareness of leprosy patients’ self-care because it is important to prevent serious disabilities.
The empowerment perspective of implementation one house one jumantik (G1R1J) in sub-urban area Isnani, Tri; Ramadhani, Tri; Ikawati, Bina
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 05 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i05.9156

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the effectiveness of one house one larva monitor program as a community empowerment. Methods: The research was conducted using the PAR approach by collecting data by observation, in-depth interviews, and discussions with samples/informants including health workers at the public health center, cadres/jumantik, jumantik rumah, community leaders, and local village and sub-district government figures. The team formed jumantik followed by training and assistance for five months for jumantik. The research location is in an urban village in Mempawah Regency, West Kalimantan Province, with data collected from March to October 2019. Results: The research location is an area with a socio-cultural geographical character that is between rural and urban characters. Knowledge about dengue fever and G1R1J is still lacking. Problems in the implementation of G1R1J are related to participation issues, namely the awareness and acceptance of residents towards activities, replacement of cadres/volunteers, and wrong perceptions. Socialization, which is the first step in empowerment, has not been carried out. Socialization is also a step in growing knowledge and awareness that will influence the growth of community participation. Conclusion: The problems faced include the problem of participation of cadres and community members. The socialization stage as the introduction stage influences knowledge and behavior. The condition of the community as social capital is incredibly supportive in empowerment. Empowerment requires adjustment to each condition. Therefore, mapping of initial conditions and comprehensive mass outreach is needed.
Bacterial contamination of tomatoes sellers in eight traditional markets of Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia Laili, Nikmatul; Suswati, Enny; Abrori, Cholis; Mufida, Diana Chusna; Hermansyah, Bagus; Putri, Elvia Rahmi Marga
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 04 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i04.9307

Abstract

Purpose: Foodborne diseases are a significant threat to public health and is often associated with pathogenic microorganisms entering the body due to consuming contaminated food. One of the factors causing foodborne diseases was the contamination of pathogenic bacteria in vegetables consumed raw, one of which is tomatoes. This study was conducted to determine the correlation between traders' personal hygiene behavior and bacterial contamination of tomatoes in the traditional Jember Regency market. Methods: This study used analytical observational research with a cross-sectional research design, conducted in the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember. The large sample size of this study was 40 traders. Personal hygiene behavior of traders was obtained from direct observation with observation sheets in eight selected traditional markets in Jember Regency. Results: Tomato samples were contaminated with bacteria with the highest bacterial colony >2.5 x 108 CFU/g and the lowest 4.6 x 105 CFU/g. The types of bacteria found in this study were Vibrio parahaemolyticus (15%), Shigella sp. (62.5%), Salmonella sp. (72.5%), Vibrio cholerae (82.5%), Escherichia coli (90%), and Staphylococcus aureus (92.5%). The bivariate test results showed no significant correlation between personal hygiene, sanitation, supporting facilities, and traders' characteristics with bacterial contamination of tomatoes sold in eight Jember traditional markets. Conclusion: This study concludes that there is no significant correlation between traders' personal hygiene behavior and bacterial contamination in tomatoes sold in eight traditional markets of Jember Regency. Consumers should wash tomatoes well or process them first before consumption.
The effectiveness between of yoga and birth ball in reducing labor pain: a systematic review Hartati, Devi; Jannah, Bayti; Sulasdi, Nur Ain Desta; Sinaga, Sri Putriani; Sulistyaningsih; Hafidz, Firdaus
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 04 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i04.9512

Abstract

Purpose: Identify the effectiveness between Yoga and birth ball in decreasing labor pain intensity. Methods: This study used a systematic review design with the PRISMA-SR checklist. This systematic review referred to three steps, namely, (1) search strategy, (2) selection criteria, and (3) data extraction and quality assessment. The article search used 2 databases: ScienceDirect and Pubmed and ResearchRabbit. Results: Of 14 articles, 7 discuss Yoga's effectiveness in diminishing labor pain, and another 7 discuss birthing balls' efficacy in alleviating labor pain. Yoga and birth balls effectively reduce childbirth pain intensity. Conclusion: Besides, a combination of Yoga and birth ball or a combination of birth balls and counterpressure or free position when entering childbirth reduces labor pain. Yoga could also be combined with back massage, aromatherapy, or hypnosis. Future studies are expected to analyze the level of effectiveness between birthing balls and Yoga in reducing labor pain intensity in both developing and developed countries.
Comparing cost-effectiveness of implant and IUD contraception in women: a systematic review Amalia, Silviatul; Nafisah, Khilda Durrotun; Muliyani, Navantri; Jusrawati; Dary, Sry Wulan; Sulistyaningsih; Hafidz, Firdaus
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 09 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i09.9594

Abstract

Purpose: The use of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) methods, implants, and IUDs, are assessed for cost-effectiveness, which compares cost-effectiveness in technology, environment, and health. The aim is to critically evaluate the economic evaluation of IUDs and implants based on previous scientific evidence, with a review to discuss cost-effectiveness. Methods: The literature review used was a systematic review, and PRISMA-SR 2020 was chosen as a reference for preparing the literature study. The authors used three databases, PubMed, Science Direct, and Wiley, to find scientific evidence of the cost-effectiveness of IUDs and implants. Results: The search in Pubmed (n=119), ScienceDirect (n=1,228), and Wiley (n=83) databases included (n=1,510) articles. Eighty-two articles were assessed for eligibility, and only seven were eligible according to the inclusion criteria for further review. Conclusion: IUDs and implants are two highly effective long-term contraceptive methods for preventing pregnancy, so using IUDs is more cost-effective than implant contraception based on scientific articles that meet the inclusion criteria.
Evaluating entomological measures and cypermethrin use in pest control Susanto, Agus; Kesuma, Agung Puja; Zufri, Armen; Putra, Rizki Maisar; Wahono, Tri; Astuti, Endang Puji
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 03 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i03.9654

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze entomological indicators and the susceptibility status of the Aedes aegypti mosquito to cypermethrin in the Tanjung Balai Karimun Port Health Office area. Methods: This type of study is observational, using a cross-sectional design approach. Entomology indicator data collection is carried out routinely every month by observing containers in each building both inside and outside. The vulnerability test uses the WHO susceptibility test method. Results: The results of entomological indicators in the perimeter area showed no density of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. In contrast, the density of larvae in the buffer area was low to moderate. A susceptibility test showed that 0.05% cypermethrin was still susceptible to Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Conclusion: These findings underscore the efficacy of the current control measures implemented in the study area and emphasize the critical need for continuous monitoring and surveillance. Maintaining such efforts is paramount for sustaining effective mosquito control initiatives and mitigating the potential risks posed by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, thereby reducing the threat of vector-borne disease.
Adverse reactions following COVID-19 immunization in children of elementary school age Yusuf, Yenni; Junaedi, Ari Andini; Mutmainnah; Fadhilah, Nur Azizah; Wahyuni, Sitti
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 02 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i02.9712

Abstract

Purpose: Due to the low rate of parent acceptance of vaccines, this study was conducted to evaluate post-vaccination adverse events among elementary school students. Methods: This survey took place in the Manggala Subdistrict of Makassar City. The study was conducted from September to October 2022 by distributing a paper-based questionnaire regarding the COVID-19 vaccines. Results: Of 129 respondents, the age range was 7-12 years. Sixty-five percent of respondents received the first vaccine shot in January or February, with a 4-week interval of the second dose among 46.5% of children. The vaccine administered was CoronaVac from Sinovac. The most common adverse events were injection pain (45-48%) and fever (15-17%). The other side effects were itching, swelling, fever, and shortness of breath. Around 17-18 % of respondents did not have any adverse reactions. There is no increase in the risk for younger children (years 1-3) compared with older children (years 4-6). Conclusion: The children reported only mild adverse events such as injection pain, weakness, and fever. The CoronaVac has minimal side effects among elementary school children.
Vitamin B6 in anxiety: sleep and immune function Pertiwi, Lintang Mega; Fanani, Mohammad; Hikmayani, Nur Hafidha
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 11 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i11.9728

Abstract

Objective: This scoping review aims to explore the role of vitamin B6 in sleep duration and immune function in individuals with anxiety disorders. Methods: A search was conducted on scientific databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar using the keywords "vitamin B6", "sleep", "immune system," and "anxiety disorders." Only articles published in Indonesian or English between 2017-2023 were included. Result: The findings of this review suggest that individuals with anxiety disorders experience shorter sleep duration and lower immune function compared to those without anxiety disorders. Previous studies have shown that short sleep duration can increase stress and inflammation in adolescents and adults. Vitamin B6 synthesizes neurotransmitters, which significantly regulate sleep and anxiety symptoms. Additionally, previous research has suggested that vitamin B6 plays a vital role in the immune system by reducing cytokine production and inflammation responses in many signaling pathways. Conclusion: This scoping review provides preliminary evidence of the association between vitamin B6, sleep duration, and immune function, particularly in individuals with anxiety disorders. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms involved in this relationship. The findings of this review can support further research on the potential benefits of vitamin B6 for sleep duration and immune function.
Potential transmission of leptospirosis from rats and ectoparasites in the Health Office of Port of Surabaya Class I Wulandari, Indah Sari; Satoto, Tri Baskoro Tunggul; Ristiyanto
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 09 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i09.9756

Abstract

Purpose: This study attempted to confirm leptospirosis in rats and ectoparasites in the working area of Tanjung Perak Port and the working region of Gresik Port Health Office of Port of Surabaya Class I. Methods: This study is a descriptive study using a cross-sectional approach. The samples were rats. The rats are identified to determine the type, then shaved to take ectoparasites and dissected to take the kidneys. Testing of pathogenic Leptospira bacteria using the ii-PCR method. The study lasted from October 2022 to February 2023. Results: The rat species were Rattus norvegicus. Based on PCR examination, pathogenic Leptospira bacteria were found in the kidneys of rats Rattus norvegicus. Rattus norvegicus was infected with the pathogenic Leptospira bacteria in the Port of Tanjung Perak working area at 56,67% and in the Port of Gresik working area at 43,75%. The ectoparasites found are fleas, lice, and mites. Both study sites did not find Pathogenic Leptospira bacteria in ectoparasites (fleas and mites). Fleas infestation of Rattus norvegicus in the working area of Tanjung Perak Port increased by 80% and in the work area of Gresik Port by 68,75%. Conclusion: The pathogenic Leptospira bacteria was found in both research sites in Rattus norvegicus's kidneys but not in ectoparasites (fleas and mites). Flea infestation is also high in both research locations.
Outbreak investigation of Chikungunya fever in Kapanewon Banguntapan, Bantul, Yogyakarta: a lesson learned Gusrina, Sylvia; Lestari, Nining Puji; Aryanto, Samsu; Wiratama, Bayu Satria
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 05 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i05.9777

Abstract

Purpose: The investigation was conducted to confirm the Chikungunya outbreak in Banguntapan. Bantul. from November 2021 to January 2022 and identify the risk factors for control measures. Methods: We conducted a 1:1 case-control study. Cases were residents of the six hamlets in Banguntapan with sudden fever and arthralgia from December 2021 to February 14. 2022. Controls were residents of the same neighborhood with no symptoms. We collected demographics, risk factors, and environmental data using standardized questionnaires through direct interviews and observation. For diagnosis confirmation, we examine the case blood serum for laboratory testing. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors. Results: We identified 151 Chikungunya suspects (Attack-rate/AR 13.6%) of 1111 total population. The highest AR by gender and location were in women (16.3%) and Genengan hamlet in Jambidan village (45.6%), respectively. Fever (92.1%) and muscle pain (81.7%) are the significant symptoms. The latest larval rate average was 13% lower than the national target. More than one-third of the cases were in the acute phase of infection. Multivariate analysis showed close contact of cases (aOR 22.79; 95% CI: 7.01–74.17) and community habit of hanging clothes in the house (aOR 2.42; 95% CI: 1.01–5.82) significantly associated with the Chikungunya outbreak. Conclusion: There was a Chikungunya outbreak in Jambidan and Tamanan Village, Banguntapan, from November 8, 2021, to January 31, 2022. Therefore, we recommend that the DHO strengthen health education related to protective action while having close contact with suspects and the habit of hanging wardrobes in the house as risk factors associated with the outbreak.

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