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Global Focus
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 27234215     EISSN : 27769399     DOI : 10.21776/ub.jgf
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Global Focus is a bilingual peer-reviewed journal that issues bi-annually in April and October. The Journal is managed and published by the Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya. Global Focus is an interdisciplinary journal that welcomes manuscripts of original empirical, analytic, and theoretical global studies. The purpose of Global Focus is to provide readers a broad, complex, and dynamic process of interactive decision-making that is continually evolving and responding to global political changes. The particular topics relevant to this Journal are international security, global political economy, global ethics and culture, transnational issues, and other related sub-fields. The Journal focuses on these main themes: - The rising of transnational actors/issues within global politics; - The alternative and beyond states perspective, and; - The interplay of global-local/international-domestic.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 84 Documents
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Diplomasi ‘Wolf Warrior’: Respons Kebijakan Luar Negeri Cina pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19 Ramanda, Vichy Fitri; Trihartono, Agus; Susilo, Djoko
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2024.004.02.3

Abstract

Diplomasi agresif dan asertif ‘wolf warrior’ yang dilakukan oleh diplomat Cina pada masa pandemi COVID-19 mendapatkan perhatian internasional. Diplomat sebagai representasi sebuah negara melakukan tindakan yang agresif dan menimbulkan pertanyaan dari berbagai pihak. Studi ini berupaya untuk menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi tindakan agresif diplomat ‘wolf warrior’ Cina. Artikel ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang menggunakan teori untuk memandang konseptual fenomena diplomasi wolf warrior yang dilakukan oleh Cina. Dengan menggunakan teori realisme neoklasik, artikel ini menguraikan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi munculnya diplomasi wolf warrior sebagai respons Cina. Realisme neoklasik menggabungkan faktor eksternal dan internal dalam analisis politik luar negeri. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa kemunculan diplomasi wolf warrior dipengaruhi oleh tekanan internasional akibat COVID-19 sebagai faktor eksternal serta pengaruh dari citra pemimpin dan budaya strategis sebagai faktor internal. Kata Kunci: Cina, COVID-19, diplomasi wolf warrior, kebijakan luar negeri, realisme neoklasik
Social Media and Information Integrity in Elections in Nepal Guragain, Yuba Raj
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2024.004.02.4

Abstract

This paper intends to explore how elections are being influenced through social media and what managerial measures have been adopted to promote information integrity in the electoral context of Nepal. Based on the synchronic approach under the information ecology framework of analysis with the data relating to 2022 local, provincial and federal elections in Nepal, this paper found that the political parties along with candidates and the Election Commission of Nepal enhanced the use of social media for disseminating electoral information in the elections. With the increase in the use of social media in elections, the coverage of the information environment has significantly expanded from political parties and individuals in the domestic setting to social media companies in the international setting. Moreover, besides the informational aspect of the social media in elections such as discussions, deliberations as well as concerns over disinformation and misinformation in elections, the aspects of emotional appeal and response are also found dominant. In this context, for promoting information integrity and deterring information pollution in elections, the Election Commission of Nepal as an independent election management body is found to have used a 3-P strategic model composed of promotional, preventive and punitive approaches with having a focus on informational aspect of social media in elections. However, depending on the deep-rooted social and cultural values, prevalent information culture, information behavior, globalized information environment as well as subject to the level of individual educational status and media literacy in the populace, myriad challenges including informational and emotional deceptions tend to appear in elections in Nepal.
Seas Opportunity: Understanding The Blue Economy Landscape In The MENA Region Haura, Inas Alya; Ardianto, Fetra
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2024.004.02.1

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the emerging blue economy landscape in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Furthermore, this paper seeks to explore various dimensions of sustainable marine resource management and initiatives undertaken by MENA countries to exploit blue economy opportunities. As the MENA region advances in developing its blue economy, this study seeks to offer comprehensive insights into marine resource utilization, sustainable development principles, and increased regional collaboration in fostering a strong blue economy framework. By analyzing current practices, this research seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of how the MENA region can effectively integrate blue economy principles into national policies, improve marine infrastructure, and build cooperative frameworks for environmental protection and economic growth.
Pengaruh Kemiskinan terhadap Praktik Dinasti Politik di Indonesia dan Filipina Tahun 2017-2021 Pradikta, Hikam Putra
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2024.004.02.6

Abstract

This article aims to determine the influence between poverty and the expansion of political dynasties in the Philippines and Indonesia in 2017-2021. To provide comprehensive empirical, testing is carried out using multiple linear regression tests. The author uses multiple linear regression tests. The author uses three independent variables representing wealth through the variable Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Per Capita, welfare through the Human Development Index (HDI), and inequality through the Gini Ratio. As a result, the author finds empirical findings about the influence of poverty on political dynasties in both countries. In the Philippines, only wealth and prosperity can affect political dynasties. While in Indonesia, only wealth and prosperity can affect political dynasties. In general, poverty in both countries contributes to the expansion of political dynasties. Keywords: poverty, political dynasty, multiple linear regression
Pencapaian Kedaulatan Pangan oleh Masyarakat Adat: Studi Kasus Cireundeu, Leuwigajah, Kota Cimahi Shafira Dyah Putri Aruman
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2024.004.02.5

Abstract

The food sovereignty of the Cireundeu indigenous community in Indonesia integrates cultural values ​​and local geographic conditions in food management. This community relies on cassava (rasi) as a staple food, which is managed independently without relying on the government. The process of food production and distribution is carried out within a family and barter framework, creating a sustainable food system. The implementation of this food sovereignty results in food independence, protects the environment, and strengthens cultural identity. Environmentally friendly agricultural practices, such as avoiding chemical fertilizers and pesticides, maintain the quality of the soil and surrounding animals. Food independence also has a positive impact on the community's economy, by minimizing the risk of rising food prices. The community can develop cassava-based products through the Serba Singkong (SS) UMKM, which helps increase income, especially for mothers. In addition, customary practices that are still preserved attract visits from outside, encouraging the formation of POKDARWIS (Tourism Awareness Group) as a food and environmental tourism destination. Thus, the food sovereignty of the Cireundeu indigenous community not only guarantees food availability, but also contributes to environmental conservation and improving economic welfare, while maintaining a rich cultural identity.   Keywords: food sovereignty, food independence, Cireundeu
Editorial Foreward
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Five Eyes Alliance Policy Towards China-Huawei Public-Private 5G Partnerships Muhammad Fadhlan Firasyan Aclamuf; Yusuf, Dedi; Muhammad Rifqi Naufal; Deniati, Nia; Heryadi, Dudy; Sari, Deasy Silvya
Global Focus Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2025.005.01.5

Abstract

In the transformation of global infrastructure, the emerging 5G technology has become the cornerstone of a digital revolution that has changed the way humans do business and interact with each other. Huawei is one of the Chinese technology companies that has made a name as a global leader in this technology. However, the existence of Public Private Partnership (PPP) between China and Huawei makes western countries, especially countries that join the Five Eyes intelligence alliance feel threatened, especially in their cyber security. This research aims to analyze the Five Eyes policy towards the public private partnership between the Chinese government and Huawei. This research uses the theory of cybersecurity and the concept of Public-Private Partnership as the research analysis framework. This research found that Huawei's launch of 5G technology supported by the Chinese government caused opposition from Western countries that are members of the Five Eyes intelligence alliance. Based on national security reasons, the launch of 5G technology by Huawei and the Chinese government is considered dangerous and is allegedly a strategy of the Chinese government to conduct espionage and other spying activities against countries in the world to fulfill the interests of the country. This triggered the imposition of a ban on Huawei's 5G technology in several countries, including the Five Eyes member countries.
The Identerest Nexus: Exploring Patani Secessionism Rochdi Mohan Nazala
Global Focus Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2025.005.01.3

Abstract

This paper analyses the strengthening of secessionism in the Thailand’s southern region of Patani during Thaksin’s period through the conceptual framework of “identerest” (identity and interest”). Indeed, local’s aspiration of secessionism in Patani had continued to be a headache for the central government under in Bangkok under Thaksin. Strategies had been diffused by Thailand’s authority, including through the implementation of strict security measures, yet all of them fails to reach the main objective as to diminish the Patani’s secessionist movements. Instead, the Bangkok’s counter-secessionism policies have worsened the human rights situation on the ground and, as a consequence, fueled the already strong demand to secede. With an argument that it is better to look at the struggle in Patani as a symbolic mixture of both identity and interest or “identerest”, this paper examines the nature of conflict in Patani. In so doing, it traces the process through which the secessionism idea has emerged among the indigenous population of Patani, describes the roles of local leaders in the establishment of secessionist movements, and assesses the impacts of the government’s counter-secession policies in the South end of Thailand in prolonging the dispute.
Environmental Norm Diffusion Post-USAID Aid in Malang Village: An Ethnographic Review Najwah, Lia Nihlah; Azis, Aswin Ariyanto; Hari Susilo, Anggun Trisnanto
Global Focus Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2025.005.01.1

Abstract

The foreign aid program through capacity development projects by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), which addresses water and sanitation issues in Pakis Kembar Village, Malang Regency through the IUWASH program, is perceived as less effective in constructing global environmental norms at the local level. Therefore, this research aims to measure the extent to which the process of constructing and disseminating global environmental norms at the community level has progressed and to identify the current status of norm construction. Employing the norm life-cycle concept, the study will examine how the stages of global environmental norms can be socialized and internalized through norm entrepreneurs in Tegal Pasangan Hamlet, Pakis Kembar Village, Malang Regency. The use of ethnographic methods with thematic ethnographic data analysis techniques is deemed relevant, given that the primary focus of the research is on individual or community behavior, which is closely influenced by local culture and other immaterial aspects such as norms and ideas. Overall, it is evident that there has been no significant change in the habits of the community, thus justifying that the norm cycle process has only reached the norm cascade stage.
Collective Trauma and Psychological Insecurity: Obstacles to Peace in the Israel-Palestine Conflict Farabi, Nadia
Global Focus Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2025.005.01.4

Abstract

The Israel-Palestine conflict, one of the most enduring intractable conflicts, is shaped not only by political and economic factors but also by the psychological impact of collective trauma. This study explores how collective trauma, deeply embedded within group identities, reinforces patterns of mistrust and hostility between communities. Using a qualitative literature review, the research examines the influence of collective trauma on psychological resilience and human security, analysing how intergenerational transmission of traumatic narratives hinders reconciliation efforts. Data was collected from scholarly journals, books, and international reports and analysed using content analysis to identify key themes surrounding collective trauma’s role in sustaining conflict dynamics. Findings highlight collective trauma as a barrier to psychological recovery and a critical factor in the ongoing security challenges faced by both communities. The study contributes to conflict resolution strategies by emphasising the need for trauma-informed peacebuilding interventions.

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