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Global Focus
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 27234215     EISSN : 27769399     DOI : 10.21776/ub.jgf
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Global Focus is a bilingual peer-reviewed journal that issues bi-annually in April and October. The Journal is managed and published by the Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya. Global Focus is an interdisciplinary journal that welcomes manuscripts of original empirical, analytic, and theoretical global studies. The purpose of Global Focus is to provide readers a broad, complex, and dynamic process of interactive decision-making that is continually evolving and responding to global political changes. The particular topics relevant to this Journal are international security, global political economy, global ethics and culture, transnational issues, and other related sub-fields. The Journal focuses on these main themes: - The rising of transnational actors/issues within global politics; - The alternative and beyond states perspective, and; - The interplay of global-local/international-domestic.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 84 Documents
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Diplomasi Indonesia dan Persoalan Migran Asal Indonesia Pasca Konflik Suriah Mutmainah, Dian
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2024.004.01.6

Abstract

The repatriation of Indonesian migrants from Syria in April 2023 reminded us to the repatriation wave of Indonesian migrant from Syria after the country was torn by internal conflict since 2011.  Indonesian Government has conducted series of diplomatic efforts to ensure the safety of its citizen in Syria.  Indonesian Government was decided to stop sending its workers to Syria since 2011.  Indonesia also categorized Syria as one of rescticted destinations for its migrant workers since 2015.  Then why are there Indonesian migrants in Syria after those restrictions was applied?  This fact indicates that there was illegal procedure available that enabled the workers to migrate to Syria amids the restrictions which out of sight of the government monitor.  This paper addressed two issues: Indonesian diplomacy as a respon to the conflict in Suriah; and the problems faced by Indonesian Migrant Workers (IMW) because of the conflict in Syria.  This paper identified two problems faced by IWM in Syria after the conflict: security threats caused by the conflict that contributes to the occurrence of illegal migration to Syria; and labour issues that wosened by intensity of illegal migration during the conflict.
Diplomasi ‘Wolf Warrior’: Respons Kebijakan Luar Negeri Cina pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19 Ramanda, Vichy Fitri; Trihartono, Agus; Susilo, Djoko
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2024.004.02.3

Abstract

Diplomasi agresif dan asertif ‘wolf warrior’ yang dilakukan oleh diplomat Cina pada masa pandemi COVID-19 mendapatkan perhatian internasional. Diplomat sebagai representasi sebuah negara melakukan tindakan yang agresif dan menimbulkan pertanyaan dari berbagai pihak. Studi ini berupaya untuk menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi tindakan agresif diplomat ‘wolf warrior’ Cina. Artikel ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang menggunakan teori untuk memandang konseptual fenomena diplomasi wolf warrior yang dilakukan oleh Cina. Dengan menggunakan teori realisme neoklasik, artikel ini menguraikan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi munculnya diplomasi wolf warrior sebagai respons Cina. Realisme neoklasik menggabungkan faktor eksternal dan internal dalam analisis politik luar negeri. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa kemunculan diplomasi wolf warrior dipengaruhi oleh tekanan internasional akibat COVID-19 sebagai faktor eksternal serta pengaruh dari citra pemimpin dan budaya strategis sebagai faktor internal. Kata Kunci: Cina, COVID-19, diplomasi wolf warrior, kebijakan luar negeri, realisme neoklasik
Social Media and Information Integrity in Elections in Nepal Guragain, Yuba Raj
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2024.004.02.4

Abstract

This paper intends to explore how elections are being influenced through social media and what managerial measures have been adopted to promote information integrity in the electoral context of Nepal. Based on the synchronic approach under the information ecology framework of analysis with the data relating to 2022 local, provincial and federal elections in Nepal, this paper found that the political parties along with candidates and the Election Commission of Nepal enhanced the use of social media for disseminating electoral information in the elections. With the increase in the use of social media in elections, the coverage of the information environment has significantly expanded from political parties and individuals in the domestic setting to social media companies in the international setting. Moreover, besides the informational aspect of the social media in elections such as discussions, deliberations as well as concerns over disinformation and misinformation in elections, the aspects of emotional appeal and response are also found dominant. In this context, for promoting information integrity and deterring information pollution in elections, the Election Commission of Nepal as an independent election management body is found to have used a 3-P strategic model composed of promotional, preventive and punitive approaches with having a focus on informational aspect of social media in elections. However, depending on the deep-rooted social and cultural values, prevalent information culture, information behavior, globalized information environment as well as subject to the level of individual educational status and media literacy in the populace, myriad challenges including informational and emotional deceptions tend to appear in elections in Nepal.
Seas Opportunity: Understanding The Blue Economy Landscape In The MENA Region Haura, Inas Alya; Ardianto, Fetra
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2024.004.02.1

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the emerging blue economy landscape in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Furthermore, this paper seeks to explore various dimensions of sustainable marine resource management and initiatives undertaken by MENA countries to exploit blue economy opportunities. As the MENA region advances in developing its blue economy, this study seeks to offer comprehensive insights into marine resource utilization, sustainable development principles, and increased regional collaboration in fostering a strong blue economy framework. By analyzing current practices, this research seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of how the MENA region can effectively integrate blue economy principles into national policies, improve marine infrastructure, and build cooperative frameworks for environmental protection and economic growth.
Pengaruh Kemiskinan terhadap Praktik Dinasti Politik di Indonesia dan Filipina Tahun 2017-2021 Pradikta, Hikam Putra
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2024.004.02.6

Abstract

This article aims to determine the influence between poverty and the expansion of political dynasties in the Philippines and Indonesia in 2017-2021. To provide comprehensive empirical, testing is carried out using multiple linear regression tests. The author uses multiple linear regression tests. The author uses three independent variables representing wealth through the variable Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Per Capita, welfare through the Human Development Index (HDI), and inequality through the Gini Ratio. As a result, the author finds empirical findings about the influence of poverty on political dynasties in both countries. In the Philippines, only wealth and prosperity can affect political dynasties. While in Indonesia, only wealth and prosperity can affect political dynasties. In general, poverty in both countries contributes to the expansion of political dynasties. Keywords: poverty, political dynasty, multiple linear regression
Pencapaian Kedaulatan Pangan oleh Masyarakat Adat: Studi Kasus Cireundeu, Leuwigajah, Kota Cimahi Shafira Dyah Putri Aruman
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2024.004.02.5

Abstract

The food sovereignty of the Cireundeu indigenous community in Indonesia integrates cultural values ​​and local geographic conditions in food management. This community relies on cassava (rasi) as a staple food, which is managed independently without relying on the government. The process of food production and distribution is carried out within a family and barter framework, creating a sustainable food system. The implementation of this food sovereignty results in food independence, protects the environment, and strengthens cultural identity. Environmentally friendly agricultural practices, such as avoiding chemical fertilizers and pesticides, maintain the quality of the soil and surrounding animals. Food independence also has a positive impact on the community's economy, by minimizing the risk of rising food prices. The community can develop cassava-based products through the Serba Singkong (SS) UMKM, which helps increase income, especially for mothers. In addition, customary practices that are still preserved attract visits from outside, encouraging the formation of POKDARWIS (Tourism Awareness Group) as a food and environmental tourism destination. Thus, the food sovereignty of the Cireundeu indigenous community not only guarantees food availability, but also contributes to environmental conservation and improving economic welfare, while maintaining a rich cultural identity.   Keywords: food sovereignty, food independence, Cireundeu
Editorial Foreward
Global Focus Vol. 4 No. 02 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Setting New Delhi's Sail: A Realism Perspective of India's Pivot towards Israel Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua; Manullang, Abel Josafat; Pradana, Muhammad Erza
Global Focus Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2025.005.02.5

Abstract

Since its escalation on October 7th, 2023, the Israel-Palestine conflict has become a pivotal event, drawing global attention and complicating post-COVID international relations. India's historical stance of nonalignment, rooted in anti-colonialism and southern solidarity, has traditionally favored Palestinian independence. However, since the 1990s, India has gradually shifted its foreign policy, deepening ties with Israel amidst evolving geopolitical dynamics. This paper explores the factors driving India's shift towards stronger relations with Israel through a realist perspective. This paper employs the qualitative research methods with literature studies using primary and secondary data. The paper examines India's strategic adaptations in response to its rivalries with China and Pakistan. It finds that under BJP leadership, India's relationship with Israel has flourished, marked by extensive diplomatic exchanges and significant arms trade, making Israel a crucial ally in India's defense modernization. This partnership has provided India with critical military capabilities and technological advancements. The authors conclude that India's pursuit of strategic autonomy allows it to maintain agency and pursuit of national interests with little to none external restraints. This strategic autonomy approach underscores India's commitment to enhanced security and technological self-sufficiency amidst regional and global power shifts.
Analysis of Bride Trafficking Activities From Pakistan to China in 2018 Syafiiqoh, Nabiilah Hanuun; M. Riza Hanafi
Global Focus Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2025.005.02.3

Abstract

This research examines bride trafficking activities from Pakistan to China in 2018. Bride trafficking itself is commonplace in both countries. From the Pakistani side, bride trafficking is still related to the practice of forced marriage. Meanwhile, from China's side, bride trafficking is the impact of the implementation of the one child policy, which will result in a population decline in the future. The cost of preparing a wedding dowry in China is high, so men, especially from rural areas of China, consider it cheaper to illegally "buy" women to marry. Pakistani women who are victims of bride trafficking to China are used to produce babies, thus leading to prostitution. This research aims to determine the factors causing bride trafficking from Pakistan to China in 2018 using Kevin Bales' Human Trafficking concept which has two main variables, namely Trafficking FROM a Country and Trafficking TO a Country. Keyword: Pakistan, China, Bride Trafficking, Human Trafficking
Community Humanitarianism and Social Resilience: Study of YSID within the Framework of Bottom-Up Humanitarianism Iskandar, Adryan Firmando; Diah Pitaloka; Pratama, Muhammad Abiel Dewa
Global Focus Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2025.005.02.1

Abstract

This article explores the practices of the Yayasan Sanggar Inovasi Desa (YSID) as a concrete example of bottom-up humanitarianism rooted in community participation. Moving beyond the dominant understanding of humanitarian action as short-term crisis response, the study situates YSID’s initiatives within the bottom-up humanitarianism and humanitarian-development nexus, highlighting their transformative and preventive dimensions. Through qualitative analysis of programmes such as Kongres Pemberdayaan Desa, Sistem Informasi Desa (SID), and inclusive economic empowerment, this research demonstrates how participatory governance, knowledge co-production, and institutional resilience collectively foster social dignity and local capacity. Integrating frameworks of human security, the capability approach, and co-production of knowledge, the study identifies three core indicators—participatory governance, institutional resilience, and social ownership—that reflect the effectiveness of YSID’s model. Field findings show that YSID's bottom-up approach avoids elite capture, empowers marginalised groups, and strengthens village institutions. Ultimately, the study argues that humanitarianism can emerge from community development practices that are inclusive, sustainable, and grounded in local values, challenging conventional, top-down humanitarian regimes. The YSID model thus offers a replicable framework for localised humanitarian action in the Global South.

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