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Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology

AIJST
Website

Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala

ISSN : 20889860 EISSN : 25032348 DOI : http://10.13170/aijst

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences

Aceh International Journal of Science & Technology (AIJST) is published by the Graduate School of Syiah Kuala University (PPs Unsyiah) and the Indonesian Soil Science Association (Himpunan Ilmu Tanah Indonesia, Komda Aceh). It is devoted to identifying, mapping, understanding, and interpreting new trends and patterns in science & technology development, especially within Asian countries as well as other parts of the world. The journal endeavors to highlight science & technology development from different perspectives. The aim is to promote broader dissemination of the results of scholarly endeavors into a broader subject of knowledge and practices and to establish effective communication among academic and research institutions, policymakers, government agencies, and persons concerned with the complex issue of science & technology development. The Journal is a peer-reviewed journal. The acceptance decision is made based upon an independent review process supported by rigorous processes and provides constructive and prompt evaluations of submitted manuscripts, ensuring that only intellectual and scholarly work of the greatest contribution and highest significance is published. The AIJST publishes original conceptual and research papers, review papers, technical reports, case studies, management reports, book reviews, research notes, and commentaries. It will occasionally come out with special issues devoted to important topics concerning science & technology development issues. Scopes Starting in 2016, AIJST has focused on science and engineering aspects, and therefore now AIJST considers the topics but not limited to : Engineering (Mechanical, Chemical, Civil, Transportation) Geology and Geomorphology Environmental Science (Hydrology, Pollution, Water Treatment, Soil Science, Climatology) Physical Oceanography Mathematics Physics and Geophysics Geospatial and Information Technology

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Global dan Perubahan Planet

Articles 354 Documents

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Study of Modernization of Distillation Units and Applications of Nonlinear ROI Equity Model: A Case of Gayo Lues Patchouli Value Chain Juanda Juanda; Lilik Sutiarso; Moch Maksum; Dyah Ismoyowati
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 8, No 3 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

The inequity of benefits among actors in the Indonesian patchouli value chain has been taking place for decades. This phenomenon has made distillers unable to guarantee the patchouli oil quality, one of the essential things in the global market. The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of modernization of distillation units and applications of a nonlinear return on investment (ROI) equity model to the financial performance of actors in the value chain to help the government together with the actors making the correct decisions and policies in the development of patchouli oil business. The study was done in the Gayo Lues District, Aceh, Indonesia. The findings indicate that the distillers get the least benefits (the lowest ROI) among actors in the Gayo Lues value chain. Moreover, modernization of the distillation units can increase the ROIs of the actors in the value chain. But, to observe how to establish equity among the actors, a nonlinear ROI equity model was developed. To make ROIs of the actors equal, outputs of the model recommend that the ideal patchouli oil share ratio between farmers and distillers is around 3.3 – 3.4: 1. Outputs of the model also suggest that both net gross and profits per kg of medium middlemen should be increased, while both net and gross profits per kg of large middlemen should be decreased.

Morphological Characteristics of the Stomach of the Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Anni Nurliani; Teguh Budipitojo; Dwi Liiek Kusindarta
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 4, No 3 (2015): December 2015
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

The ability of swamp buffaloes for adaptation to swampland was suggested to be supported by their digestive system efficiency including absorption one. This research was done to obtain scientific explanation about digestive efficiency of swamp buffalo by investigating swamp buffalo stomach morphologically. Six stomachs were obtained at slaughterhouse from 2.5-3 years old healthy male swamp buffaloes. Every part of the stomach includes nonglanduler stomach (forestomach: rumen, reticulum, and omasum) and glanduler stomach (abomasum) was taken for measuring length, width, and weight organs. Then all of samples from each part of stomach were prepared for morphological observation. The data were analyzed descriptively. Stomach of swamp buffalo had morphological peculiarities, such as: mucosa surface of rumen, reticulum, and omasum has black color, and there is variation of ruminal papillae of swamp buffalo, including branching. Special characteristics of swamp buffalo stomach is estimated as supporting morphological factors for increasing digestive efficiency to survive in swampland.

The Effect of Working Environment and Motivation towards Labors’ Performance: A Case Study in Aceh at PT Pupuk Iskandar Muda Iskandar Hasanuddin; Mohd. Iqbal; Suparno .; Raja Arifin Ghazilla; Friesca Erwan
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 8, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

This study aims to analyze the effect of the working environment and motivation towards the performance of labors at the packaging department of urea fertilizer in PT. Pupuk Iskandar Muda, Lhokseumawe, Aceh, Indonesia. This study employs the census sample selection method and involves 35 labors at the packaging department in the company. The research variables consist of independent variables (i.e. physical and psychosocial working environment, work motivation, and supporting working tools) and dependent variables (i.e. labors’ performance). Based on data analysis that uses double regression (linear), it shows that the relationship between the independent variables towards the dependent variable is with R square value 46.8%. This circumstance proves that proper physical working environment that provides comfortable and safety procedures to the labors increases their performance. Moreover, the results from the regression coefficient also show a significant effect of the physical working environment, psychosocial working environment, work motivation, and supporting working tools towards the labors’ performance.

Tyrosinase Inhibition Type of Isolated Compounds Obtained from Pachyrhizus erosus Endang Lukitaningsih; Muhammad Bahi; Ulrike Holzgrabe
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 2, No 3 (2013): December 2013
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

Abstract - In Indonesia, Bengkoang (Phacyrhizus erosus) have been used as one of cosmetics especially as sun screening and skin whitening materials. Six active compounds in Bengkoang with antioxidant and skin whitening activities have been isolated, namely daidzein, daidzin, genistin, (8,9)-furanyl-pterocarpan-3-ol, 4-(2-(furane-2-yl)ethyl)-2-methyl-2,5-dihydro-furane-3-carbaldehyde and 2-butoxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofurane-3,4-diol. According to literatures, the type of their tyrosinase inhibitory activity has not yet reported. The determination of whitening activity of each compound was evaluated by the evaluation of Lineweaver-Burk plot. The result showed that five compounds had competitive inhibitory activity and 8,9-furanyl-pterocarpan-3-ol showed a non-competitive inhibition. Keywords: Pachyrhizus erosus, tyrosinase, competitive inhibition and non-competitive inhibition

Storage of Text Messages on e-Book Files using Least Significant Bit and Haar Wavelet Method Muhaimin Hasanudin; Deni Kuswoyo; Boy Yuliadi
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 10, No 3 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

This study uses the technique of incognito data and information into a container in the form of images combined with the addition of the password by using the method of Least Significant Bit (LSB) and the method of Haar Wavelet. Testing the system by sending a message in the form of a text file and an image file with the process of the original image are transformed to wear haar wavelet divided into four zones of frequency, namely LL, LH, HL and HH. Where Bit-bit Readings are planted in a zone LL and attempted insertion of the bit of the file reading into the last bit in each byte of the image file as well as can show you back the results of the message. The results of the research, i.e. images that have been processed by the method of LSB and Haar Wavelet does not change the file size, resolution, dpi and physical form image. The advantage of this method is very simple computing, oriented computers, which need less space to store and time efficient.

Characteristic of concrete using acetylene sludge as a substitute material for sand and cement Dwi Indrawati; Rian Prasetyo Wisnu; Hilarion Widyatmoko
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 6, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

Acetylene sludge comes from the production of acetylene gas which is produced in large quantities from industrial plants. Since acetylene sludge waste has a baling and mortar properties as well as lime derivative products, they can be used as substitutes or substitutes for cement in concrete products and other construction materials. The aim of this study is to obtain a concrete with a proper strength and comply the toxicity standards by utilizing acetylene sludge waste. The waste (containing of 60% acetylene sludge and 40% fly ash) is utilized by mixing it on some series of trial that are 5%, 10%, and 15% waste from the main concrete materials. The concrete strength is measured using Compressive Strength Test Method that refers to Indonesian National Standard No. 1974:2011. Other than that, Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test were also done using Optical Emission Spectrometer to determine the leaching potential from concrete utilization. The concrete paste gave the value of slump 6 and 7 with concrete mixture declined by 15-18 cm. Result showed that the strongest concrete is from the mixture of 15% sand material that was substituted by the acetylene sludge waste with the strength value of 41.9 MPa. TCLP test results were given the value of Barium 0.019 mg/L and Chromium 0.680 mg/L with a pH value of 12.24. Referring to Indonesian Government Regulation No. 101 Year 2014, the quality standards of Barium and Chromium are 35 mg/L and 2.5 mg/L. That showed the characteristic of concrete which is produced from acetylene sludge waste complies the standards and safe for the environment.

Evaluation of Farmers Management Practices of Arabica Coffee Plantation Across Altitude for Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in Aceh, Indonesia Ashabul Anhar; Heru P. Widayat; Ali Muhammad Muslih; Subhan Subhan; Romano Romano; Akhmad Baihaqi; Teuku Saiful Bahri; Zulkarnain Zulkarnain; Bagio Bagio; Yusmaizal Yusmaizal; Yusya Abubakar
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 9, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

The productivity of Arabica coffee in low-altitude areas in Aceh have been declined, caused by an increase in temperatures, and by pests and diseases attack. This study aims to develop adaptation strategies to climate change in Aceh trough understanding how coffee productivity correlates with the management practices across the altitude. To find out a correlation between farming practices variables and coffee productivity, Spearman's rank test was used. To assess whether farming practice explanatory variables affected by the altitudes, a non-parametric with the Kruskal-Wallis Test, with Tukey’s post-hoc test (P0.05) with Chi-square distance were used. The results showed that coffee productivity was positively and significantly correlated to pruning, weeding, application of fertilizer, and application of pest and disease control, but was not to coffee plant density, sustainability certification, land conservation, and age of the coffee plant. Adaptation strategies for farmers in higher altitudes are to maintain the coffee plant density as well as shade density at an optimum level, followed by increasing management practices such as pruning, weeding, application of fertilizer, and pest and diseases control; in lower altitudes, those are to increase shade density both with Leucaena and multipurpose plants such as avocado and citrus, as well as increasing management practices such as land conservation, pruning, weeding, application of fertilizer and pest and diseases control. In middle altitudes, those are to maintain and improve management practices applied

Calcium Oxide Decomposed From Chicken’s and Goat’s Bones as Catalyst For Converting Discarded Cooking Oil to be Biodiesel Aldes Lesbani; Yosine Susi; Marieska Verawaty; Risfidian Mohadi
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 4, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

Thermal decomposition of calcium oxide from chicken’s (Gallus gallus domesticus) and goat’s (Capra Hircus Aegragus) bones was prepared at temperature variations of 400, 500, 800, 900, 1000, and 1100 oC respectively. X-ray diffractometer (XRD), FT-IR and SEM were used for calcium oxide characterization. XRD diffraction pattern of the bone’s after thermal decomposition at 1100oC has similarity to the XRD standard diffraction pattern from Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standard (JCPDS). Diffractions of 2q values being used are 34.2o, 37.3o, 58.3o, 64.1o, and 67.3 o. Ca-O presence in the samples was detected by FT-IR characterization at wavenumber of 354,90 cm-1. SEM profile show reducing size of bones after decomposition in both chicken’s and goat’s bones. Furthermore, the prepared calcium oxide was applied for biodiesel synthesis from discarded cooking oil through transesterification reaction. By applying the catalysts decomposed from chicken’s and goat’s bones, the biodiesel product showed characteristics as follows: biodiesel applied the chicken’s bone catalyst has fatty acid number of 0.56 mg/KOH, iod number of 22.41 g I2/100 g KOH, density of 0.88 g/cm3 and viscosity of 5.91 mm2/s, while biodiesel applied the goat’s bone catalyst has 0.56 mg/KOH, iod number of 21.57 g I2/100 g KOH, density of 0.88 g/cm3 and viscosity of 6.34 mm2/s. Those biodiesel’s characteristic values meet the National Standard of Indonesia (SNI) for biodiesel.

The Simulation of Combustion Characteristics from Diesel Fuel and Biodiesel in Different Engine Rotation Annisa Bhikuning; Zidni Rizki Irhashi; Daniel Aldebaran
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 11, No 3 (2022): December 2022
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

The combustion characteristics of fuel are important to understand. Diesel engines can ruin by using fuel from diesel and biodiesel. The characteristics between biodiesel and diesel fuel are different. Diesel fuel has low viscosity, high volatility, low density, and cetane number is around 48. However, biodiesel has high density, low volatile, high viscosity and has higher cetane number than diesel fuel. Using biodiesel can reduce the particulate matter from the engine. This happened because biodiesel has high oxygen content and can reduce emissions. These are some advantages of using biodiesel in diesel engines. In this research, the simulation of the combustion characteristics were investigated by diesel-rk simulation. The fuels are diesel fuel and biodiesel made from soybean methyl ester (SME). In this simulation, pure diesel fuel (DF), SME100, SME20 (20%SME blends to 80%DF) and SME40 (40%SME blends to 60%DF) are investigated. The combustion was set up with 1500, 1800, and 2000 rpm. The results show that in all engine rotations, DF has higher Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) than SME. Moreover, the NO2 emission from DF is lower than SME. However, the particulate matter in SME40 can reduce up to 16.1% compared to DF. Moreover, the higher the engine rotates, the emissions from NO2 and PM from SME20, SME40, and DF can be reduced. It can be confirmed that the higher rotation in the engine can decrease the emissions in the engine. In addition, biodiesel can be replaced with diesel fuel and it is environmentally friendly.

Development Chitosan-based forward Osmosis Membranes for Emergency Drinking Water Supply Saiful Saiful; Ulfa Riana; Marlina Marlina; Muliadi Ramli; Nizar Mahmud
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 7, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

Development of forward osmosis (FO) membranes became one of the alternative methods for drinking water supply in an emergency. In this research, drinking water bags based on FO membrane have been developed using chitosan as the basic material of membrane. The chitosan membrane used for the manufacture of drinking water bags has a thickness of 0.043 mm, 30.3% porosity, tensile strength 28.83 kgf / mm2, swelling degree 43.5% and elongation of 7.16%. Drinking water bags are made with a combination of Polypropylene Plastic (PP) and aluminum foil with FO membrane inside. This drinking water bag can be applied for brackish water purification to be energy drinking water as one of the solutions for the drinking water supply in emergencies. FO process testing is done by using variation of sugar solution as the draw solution, that are glucose, fructose, sucrose and mixture. The concentration of applied draw solution is 1, 2 and 3M within 1 hour treatment. The highest water flux was obtained in 3M sucrose solution with a flux value of 5.25 L/m2hour. The results of drinking water quality parameters analysis in the form of pH, Total Dissolve Solid (TDS), salinity, conductivity, heavy metals and Escherichia coli (E. coli) contents showed that the FO water produc meets drinking water quality standards based on Indonesian government regulation of drinking water quality. FO-membrane-based drinking water bags are potentially used as an alternative solution for the energy drinking water supply in an emergency.

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+6281360560198

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journal.aijst@usk.ac.id

Editorial Address
Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Aceh, Indonesia. Phone: 62-(0)651- 7407659. E-mail: journal.aijst@usk.ac.id

Location
Kab. aceh besar,

Aceh

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Sugianto

Contact Email sugianto@usk.ac.id

Phone +6281360560198

Journal Mail Official journal.aijst@usk.ac.id

Editorial Address Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Aceh, Indonesia. Phone: 62-(0)651- 7407659. E-mail: journal.aijst@usk.ac.id

Location Kab. aceh besar, Aceh INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Sugianto

Contact Email
sugianto@usk.ac.id

Phone
+6281360560198

Journal Mail Official
journal.aijst@usk.ac.id

Editorial Address
Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Aceh, Indonesia. Phone: 62-(0)651- 7407659. E-mail: journal.aijst@usk.ac.id

Location
Kab. aceh besar,

Aceh

INDONESIA