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Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage
Published by Puslitbang Lektur, Khazanah Keagamaan dan Manajemen Organisasi Badan Litbang dan Diklat kementerian Agama RI
ISSN : 2303243X     EISSN : 24429031     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31291/hn.v11i2
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Art, Engineering,
Religion Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage, This journal focuses on religious studies (both contemporary and classical), particularly in the fields of Religious Literature, Cultures, and Heritage in Nusantara and Nusantara (Indonesia), and its relation to the same discussion on Southeast Asia, Asian Continents and other continents within International forum of discussion. The subject covers many perspectives such as philosophy, theology, philology, sociology, anthropology, politics, archaeology, art, history, hermeneutics, linguistics, and media studies.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Sejarah dan Filsafat Ilmu
Articles 330 Documents
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Rethinking Multicultural Resilience through Digging4Data and Heritage-Based Infill Design: The Case of Peunayong Market District, Banda Aceh Muhammad Naufal Fadhil; Aji Sofiana Putri
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v15i1.884

Abstract

The Peunayong market district in Banda Aceh presents a critical urban paradox: an organic, multicultural heritage marketplace operating since the seventeenth century that currently contrasts with contemporary governance metrics that designate Banda Aceh as an intolerant city. This study examines how architectural history research, when integrated with adaptive infill design, can address the district's socio-spatial fragmentation caused by recent market relocations (2019) and heritage vandalism (2025). Employing the Digging4Data methodology, this study draws on historical cartography and photography, spatial documentation of eight heritage sites, and structured interviews with 6 key informants, including local community leaders and long-term vendors, to identify the historical mechanisms that sustain multicultural resilience in Peunayong. The analysis reveals three enduring resilience factors: (1) modular spatial configurations, (2) robust cross-ethnic merchant networks, and (3) persistent material cultural symbols. Based on these findings, eight context-responsive infill design prototypes are proposed and directly validated through participatory focus group discussions to ensure alignment with contemporary community needs. This study argues that multicultural identity is a dynamic, living heritage asset. The main scholarly contribution is an evidence-based framework for integrating heritage conservation into post-disaster urban recovery, demonstrating that sustainable revitalization requires participatory spatial design and policy mechanisms that prioritize community-generated resilience over centralized displacement.
From Mahābhārata Warrior to Sacred Ontological Figure: The Deification of Bhīma in the Late Majapahit Merapi-Merbabu Scriptorium Muhammad Heno Wijayanto; Sofwan Noerwidi; Putu Eka Guna Yasa; Turita Indah Setyani; I Made Suparta
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v15i1.885

Abstract

This article addresses an unresolved problem in Javanese cultural heritage, namely the persistence of interpretive fragmentation between archaeological data and philological analysis. Focusing on Bhīma’s transformation from an epic warrior in the Mahābhārata to a sacred spiritual entity during the late Majapahit era, the study examines how the Merapi-Merbabu scriptorium reconstructed his identity through a convergence of material sculptural evidence and esoteric textual formulas. Methodologically, the study adopts an interdisciplinary qualitative design combining philological text editing, iconographic analysis, and cross-media interpretation. Two primary corpora are analyzed: a visual-material corpus consisting of the regional Sukuh-Lawu Mountain-style Bhīma statue, and a textual corpus consisting of the Bhīma Swarga manuscripts from the Merapi-Merbabu scriptorium (specifically codices 1 L 234, 1 L 333, 5 L 5, and 9 L 156), alongside the Nawaruci text. The findings show that material survival alone does not restore cultural coherence, as sacred heritage remains fragmented across media. However, cross-media comparison successfully reconstructs recurring iconographic features, such as the pañcanakha (five-clawed nails) and poleṅ (chequered) cloth, and reconnects sculptural evidence with textual memory. This process uncovers a systematic somatic ontology where Bhīma is reinterpreted as the absolute source of breath (ambĕkan), life (urip), and consciousness (pramāṇa). The article argues that the preservation of sacred heritage becomes most meaningful when it moves beyond object visibility toward cultural legibility, allowing the late Majapahit religious identity to remain interpretable across material statues and textual abstractions.
Waking the Community for Sahur: Ramadan Heritage, Social Solidarity, and Cultural Transformation in Indonesia M. Nasihudin Ali; Rani Lestari; Ade Idra Suhara
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v15i1.887

Abstract

The tradition of waking the community for sahur is a cultural practice in Ramadan that continues to be observed across many regions of Indonesia, taking diverse local forms such as ronda sahur in Java, sahur bagarak in South Kalimantan, arakan sahur in Jambi, and keliling sahur in Langkat. This study examines how the sahur wake-up tradition has changed in form, function, and meaning under conditions of modernization. It uses a qualitative literature-based method in which data drawn from journal articles, academic books, and other relevant publications were analyzed through an interpretive cultural approach to trace the relationship between religious practice, local culture, and social change. The findings show that the tradition originally served as a communal means of signaling the time of sahur using kentongan, bedug, rebana, and other traditional instruments. As this practical function has been displaced by modern technology, the tradition has not disappeared but has been reconstituted as a more symbolic cultural practice, expressed through sahur festivals, Ramadan cultural processions, community art performances, and digital documentation on social media. This transformation indicates that the tradition now functions less as a practical reminder than as a vehicle for cultural identity and social solidarity among Muslim communities. The article contributes to the study of intangible cultural heritage by showing that the sahur wake-up tradition is not merely preserved but actively reconstructed through a heritage-making process, in which community participation, youth transmission, Ramadan soundscapes, festivalization, spatial negotiation, and digital documentation jointly convert a practical religious custom into a dynamic form of Ramadan cultural heritage. The study concludes that this tradition constitutes a form of intangible cultural heritage capable of adapting to social and technological change without losing the values of togetherness, religiosity, and cultural identity that sustain it.
Karamat as Religious Legitimation: Ulama Authority in the Manuscript Sejarah Syekh Abdurrauf and Syekh Burhanuddin Amrullah; Mamlahatun Buduroh; Hafiz Maruf Akbar
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v15i1.888

Abstract

This study examines the manuscript Sejarah Syekh Abdurrauf and Syekh Burhanuddin, Dua Orang Pembangun Islam di Aceh dan Minangkabau, focusing onkaramatas a mechanism for constructing ulama authority. It employs a qualitative descriptive method integrating philological and critical hagiographical approaches, supported by the theoretical frameworks of charismatic authority and symbolic capital. The findings reveal three interrelated dimensions of authority construction: intellectual and legal authority, built through sanad, fatwa, riḥlah, and the Haramain–Aceh–Minangkabau scholarly network; spiritual and charismatic authority, constructed through kashf, adab, khidmah, the teacher's mandate, and extraordinary events; and social and institutional authority, represented through royal acknowledgment in Aceh and acceptance by customary elites within the Minangkabau nagari system. The analytical contribution of the manuscript lies in its representation of the transmission of authority from Sheikh Abdurrauf to Sheikh Burhanuddin across two distinct political and cultural settings, integrating these three dimensions within a single textual structure.karamatthus functions not merely as a collection of miraculous narratives, but as a textual mechanism that connects transregional scholarship, Sufi discipline, and institutional recognition within a specific Aceh–Minangkabau model of ulama authority.
Blessing (Barakah) as a Social Capital of the Haul Guru Sekumpul: Anthropological and Religious Perspectives Rahmad Kurniawan; Ilfi Nur Diana; Segaf; M. Riza Hafizi
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v14i2.760

Abstract

This study examines the concept of Barakah within the Haul (annual commemoration) of Guru Sekumpul by addressing a key research gap: although Barakah is widely invoked in Islamic discourse, its operational meaning and socio-economic manifestations in contemporary Muslim communities remain underexplored. The research investigates how Barakah functions as spirituality-based social capital that shapes collective behavior and community welfare in Banjar society, South Kalimantan. Using textual data from fatwas, documents, and interviews, complemented by ethnographic observations, the study applies teleological interpretation and content analysis to identify how Barakah is articulated, practiced and socially reproduced during the Haul. The findings indicate, first, that Barakah is conceptualized not merely as divine favor but as an integrated moral framework linking livelihood, emotional composure and communal benefit. Second, Barakah operates as a catalyst for voluntary service, trust-building and large-scale mutual aid, thereby strengthening the community’s social capital. Third, the Haul further ‘institutionalizes’ Islamic economic values, particularly maslahah and falah, hrough routinized acts of charity and cooperation. These insights demonstrate that Barakah serves both spiritual and socio-economic functions, offering an empirical model of how religious rituals can reinforce ethical development practices.
The Sacred Phenomenology of Mount Kawi Cemetery in Malang: Examining Its Connection to the Manuscript Serat Iman Sujana Found at Gunung Kawi Faturrohman Nur Awalin; Mulyana; Afendy Widayat
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v14i1.770

Abstract

The sacredness of Gunung Kawi Malang is deeply associated with the figures of Kiai Zakaria II (Eyang Djoego) and R.M Iman Sujana. This study examines the phenomenology of sacredness at Gunung Kawi Malang, focusing on its conceptual underpinnings and implications. Central to this inquiry is the Serat Iman Sujana manuscript, discovered at Gunung Kawi Malang, which provides key insights into the sacredness attributed to the site. Employing a phenomenological approach, this research interprets the layers of sacred meaning embedded in Gunung Kawi Malang, particularly in light of its historical role as a center for mystical practices, including pesugihan rituals. Additionally, a literature study of the Serat Iman Sujana manuscript was conducted to deepen the analysis. Findings reveal that the sacralization of Gunung Kawi Malang is significantly influenced by Kiai Zakaria II (Eyang Djoego) and R.M Iman Sujana. The connection between these figures and the Serat Iman Sujana manuscript is reflected in the presence of Raden Iman Sujana as a key character, whereas Kiai Zakaria II is notably absent from the text. The manuscript portrays Iman Sujana as a waliyullah (Allah representative), tracing his lineage back to the apostle of Allah. If, as the Kekancingan letter suggests, Iman Sujana was the great-grandfather of Hamengkubuwana I, then the sanctification of Gunung Kawi Malang through these figures aligns with the broader tradition of Islamic scholarship. Additionally, oral traditions depict Iman Sujana not only as a spiritual scholar but also as a soldier and mentor to Pangeran Diponegoro, further reinforcing his multifaceted role in both religious and historical narratives.
Letak Keberadaan Kuta Bara: Narasi dan Dekonstruksi Adi Alamsyah
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v14i1.771

Abstract

This article examines Kuta Bara, one of the vassal kingdoms of Majapahit, with a particular focus on its localization and historical significance during the reign of Hayam Wuruk. The nature of Kuta Bara remains a subject of debate among local historians in Jember, East Java, particularly concerning its location and function. Based on written sources, some scholars have identified Kuta Bara as a Buddhist religious site situated in Cakru village. However, recent archaeological discoveries have prompted a reassessment of these interpretations, necessitating a more comprehensive historical analysis. Employing established historical research methods e.g., heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography, this study reevaluates existing perspectives on Kuta Bara. It proposes that rather than a religious site, Kuta Bara functioned as a trading city located in the vicinity of Kraton village. By integrating both textual sources and material evidence, this article offers a revised interpretation of Kuta Bara’s role within the broader political and economic networks of Majapahit.
Teonim Mori Keraéng dan Signifikansinya Terhadap Eko-pastoral Gereja Sefrianus Juhani; Jόzef Trzebuniak
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v14i1.781

Abstract

This article examines the theonym Mori Keraéng as a theological foundation for eco-pastoral practices in the Catholic Church, particularly in the context of indigenous Manggarai cosmology. It responds to the need for contextual theological models that integrate local wisdom with ecological responsibility. The study employs Martin Heidegger’s phenomenological methodology, which emphasizes allowing phenomena to disclose themselves and describing what appears without distortion. Fieldwork was conducted in three districts of Manggarai: East Manggarai, Manggarai, and West Manggarai by engaging local informants who have deep familiarity with the Mori Keraéng tradition. Informants were invited to share their lived understanding without interference, enabling the emergence of authentic cultural-theological insights. Findings reveal that Mori Keraéng is understood as a cosmic deity who not only creates but also sustains the Earth as a common household for all living beings. Nature is perceived as a medium of divine epiphany, revealing God's ongoing presence within creation. Furthermore, the relational dynamic within Mori Keraéng marked by mutual self-limitation and interpenetration (e.g., Father-Sky and Mother-Earth) offers a paradigm of intra-divine collaboration that serves as a model for ecological relationships among creatures. In conclusion, the indigenous concept of Mori Keraéng provides a rich theological resource for constructing a Catholic eco-theology grounded in local cosmological thought. It affirms the sacredness of creation and calls for a collaborative and respectful engagement with the natural world.
Syncretism and the Negotiation of Cultural Memory: The Ritual Cleaning of Sacred Heirlooms in South Tangerang, Indonesia Fariz Al Hazmi; Citra Aryandari; Yves P Cuenza
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v14i2.789

Abstract

This study examines the dynamics of syncretic negotiation of the heirloom-washing ritual practiced at Cilenggang, South Tangerang City, Indonesia. The ritual, maintained by the Cilenggang community since the 17th century, is associated with the legacy of Tubagus Muhamad Atif, an early disseminator of Islam in the region. Employing an ethnographic approach grounded in syncretism theory, this research explores how Islamic teachings and local cultural traditions are harmonized through ritual practice. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and literature review. The findings demonstrate that while traditional ritual media and equipment continue to reflect pre-Islamic cultural heritage, shifts in belief systems and ritual meanings indicate an ongoing negotiation shaped by Islamic influence. The incorporation of Islamic cultural expressions, such as hadroh music, da'wah activities, and Islamic dress codes, illustrates the adaptive and dialogic nature of the tradition. These findings highlight that syncretism is not a static condition but a continuous process of renegotiation shaped by social, religious, and cultural influences. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of syncretism as a mechanism through which local traditions are preserved, reinterpreted, and sustained within changing religious landscapes, offering broader insights into cultural resilience and community identity formation.
When Preservation Threatens: Risks to the Integrity of Ancient Islamic Manuscripts in Indonesia Nyimas Umi Kalsum; Naffa Rachmadini; Kayyisah Safira Amalina; Reza Aprianti
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v14i1.810

Abstract

This article examines efforts to preserve ancient Islamic manuscripts in Indonesia, with particular emphasis on the risks associated with current conservation practices. Using a qualitative approach, the study analyzes data sourced from social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and relevant websites. The data collection follows a desk-review method, in which content is gathered and categorized based on predefined criteria. This information is then filtered and analyzed to map the threats emerging from preservation efforts. The findings reveal three primary risks in the implementation of manuscript conservation: (1) physical damage resulting from improper preservation methods; (2) the loss of contextual or historical identity of the manuscripts; and (3) the discontinuity or fragmentation of textual content. These risks underscore the need for a comprehensive review of existing government policies and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for manuscript preservation. Such policies must be contextually adapted to Indonesia’s specific environmental and institutional conditions to guide preservation actors effectively.

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