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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia
Published by Al-Hijrah Indonesia
ISSN : 29853435     EISSN : 25032801     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58545/jkki
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
The Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia (JKKI) is an open access scientific journal managed by EBSINA and published by Al-Hijrah Indonesia. JKKI focuses on public health and nursing research, epidemiology, pharmacy, reproductive health, health management, environmental health, health promotion, occupational safety, community nutrition, health policy, and others related to health in the community. JKKI welcomes original articles, review articles, and case studies on various professional health services. Health workers are subjects at JKKI, but writers outside the health subject are also welcome to be able to send articles as long as the article is within the scope of JKKI, especially its implications for public health. The Indonesian Community Health Journal (JKKI) is published in April, August and December.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 133 Documents
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The Influence of Work Discipline Systems on Perceived Accident Risk and Unsafe Behaviors in Ship Loading and Unloading Operations Asteria Narulita Pramana; Muh. Fauji; Sahrul Sahrul
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia Vol 6 No 2: August 2026
Publisher : Al-Hijrah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58545/jkki.v6i2.740

Abstract

Work discipline plays a vital role in preventing accidents during coal loading and unloading activities on ships. This study aims to analyze the influence of the disciplinary system on the risk of ship-loading and unloading accidents at PT SMD in Semarang. The method used was quantitative research with a cross-sectional survey design. Given that the total population of truck drivers at PT SMD was exactly 55, we employed total population sampling, examining all available workers. Data collection used a Likert scale questionnaire. Statistical tests included validity, reliability, normality (One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov), and simple linear regression. All 10 items of the discipline instrument were declared valid (r > 0.3) with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.927 (very high). Of the 10 items of the loading and unloading instrument, 9 were valid and had a reliability of 0.874 (high). The normality test showed Asymp. Sig. = 0.200 (> 0.05), meeting the assumption of a normal distribution. The ANOVA test results showed Sig. = 0.000 (< 0.05), indicating the regression model is significant. The discipline system significantly influences the risk of ship loading and unloading accidents; the higher the level of worker discipline, the lower the risk of such accidents.
Developing an Integrated Process Safety Management Framework for Nickel Smelter Operations: Alignment of PP 50/2012, CCPS-RBPS, and OSHA 29 CFR 1910.119 A. Yani Esbe; Irfan Bahiuddin
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia Vol 6 No 2: August 2026
Publisher : Al-Hijrah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58545/jkki.v6i2.741

Abstract

The rapid expansion of Indonesia’s mineral processing and refining industry, particularly nickel smelters, has heightened the need for a systematic, risk-based Process Safety Management (PSM) program. Existing Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems under Government Regulation No. 50/2012 are considered insufficient to address the complex process hazards associated with smelter operations comprehensively. This study aimed to develop an integrated Process Safety Management (PSM) framework for PT Ceria Nugraha Indotama (PT CNI) that aligns with Government Regulation No. 50/2012, the Center for Chemical Process Safety Risk-Based Process Safety (CCPS-RBPS) framework, and OSHA 29 CFR 1910.119 requirements. A mixed-methods approach was employed. Qualitative data were collected through document reviews, field observations, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews with operational personnel and management to identify implementation barriers and enabling factors. Quantitative data were collected from 101 purposively selected respondents, comprising internal personnel and external professionals from high-risk industries. An initial set of 22 PSM elements identified through cross-comparison analysis was consolidated into 12 integrated components through expert validation and focus group discussions. Data analysis included Pearson correlation validity testing, Cronbach’s Alpha reliability testing, Shapiro-Wilk normality testing, and One-Sample Wilcoxon Signed-Rank testing using Jamovi software. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test showed significant positive responses across all twelve integrated components (W = 5151, p < 0.001), showing strong stakeholder acceptance of the proposed framework. Major implementation challenges included a limited understanding of trade secret management, mechanical integrity, and pre-startup safety review. In contrast, training systems, incident investigation practices, and work permit systems were identified as supporting factors. The integrated PSM framework developed in this study provides a practical reference for enhancing process safety performance in nickel smelters and other high-risk industries in Indonesia through a sustainable and risk-based management approach.
The Effect of The Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) on The Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women in The Service Area of The Paruga Community Health Center Nurul Hamiah; Muammar Iksan; Darmin; Dea Zara Avila
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia Vol 6 No 2: August 2026
Publisher : Al-Hijrah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58545/jkki.v6i2.747

Abstract

Background: Indonesia continues to face high rates of stunting and maternal malnutrition, necessitating innovative interventions. The Free Nutritious Meals Program (MBG), launched in 2024, aims to improve nutritional status among vulnerable populations, including pregnant women. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the MBG program on the nutritional status of pregnant women in the Paruga Community Health Center service area. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with 1:1 matching was conducted from April to May 2026, involving 108 pregnant women (54 intervention, 54 control) selected through proportional random sampling. Nutritional status was assessed using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurements before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests. Results: Within the MBG group, nutritional status improved significantly post-intervention (p<0.001), with 87% (47/54) of participants showing improvement. Although between-group comparison did not reach statistical significance (p=0.102), the MBG group demonstrated clinically meaningful improvements: normal nutritional status prevalence was higher (32.4% vs. 15.7%) and undernutrition lower (13.0% vs. 27.8%) compared to controls. Program acceptance was high, though challenges included uneven distribution across Posyandu centers and food-sharing practices. Conclusion: The MBG program shows promise in improving pregnant women's nutritional status. Strengthening distribution equity and nutrition education is recommended to maximize program impact.
The Effect of Sleep Quality, Hot Work Climate, and Age on Work Fatigue Through Work Duration as an Intervening Variable on Charcoal Workers in Batam City Noviyanti; Leni Utami; Jamal; Ujang Amir; Raja Desti Rahma Pratiwi; Rifdah Wafiyana; Cut Putri Afsyarina Plangi Azza; Sherly Cahya Asyura
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia Vol 6 No 2: August 2026
Publisher : Al-Hijrah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58545/jkki.v6i2.749

Abstract

Workers in the informal charcoal industry face the risk of physical exposure and high workloads. This study aims to analyze the effects of sleep quality, hot work climate, and age on work fatigue, with work duration as an intervening variable, among charcoal workers in Batam City. This study used a quantitative, observational-analytical design. The population was charcoal workers; a sample of 99 workers was selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using Smart-PLS SEM. The results showed that sleep quality had a significant direct effect on work duration (coefficient = 0.591, p = 0.000) and work fatigue (coefficient = 0.618, p = 0.000). A hot work climate has a significant effect on work duration (coefficient = 0.264, p = 0.002). However, it does not have a significant direct effect on work fatigue (coefficient = 0.027, p = 0.354). Age has a significant direct effect on work duration (coefficient = 0.0395, p = 0.003) and work fatigue (coefficient = 0.431, p = 0.000). Work duration is significantly associated with work fatigue (coefficient = 0.431, p = 0.000) and fully mediates the relationship between hot work climate and work fatigue. The value indicates that the combination of variables in the model explains 96.5% of the variation in work fatigue. Sleep quality and work duration are the main determinants of work fatigue among charcoal workers. Hot work climates do not directly cause fatigue, but rather must first lead to an increase in workers' work duration. It is recommended that charcoal business owners arrange adequate rest periods between burnings and that workers maintain sleep quality to reduce the risk of chronic work fatigue. While previous studies examined these factors separately, the mediating role of work duration among informal charcoal workers remains under-investigated, which constitutes the research gap addressed here. Ethical approval was obtained prior to data collection, and informed consent was secured from all respondents.
Analysis of Safety Leadership Styles Based on the Leadership Style Approach and Their Effect on Worker Participation in Mining Safety Implementation Muhammad Osaegi Restu Amrulloh; Mila Tejamaya
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia Vol 6 No 2: August 2026
Publisher : Al-Hijrah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58545/jkki.v6i2.761

Abstract

Worker participation is a critical factor in the successful implementation of the Mining Safety Management System. The level of worker participation is influenced by various factors, including the safety leadership demonstrated by supervisors and managers. This study aimed to analyze the influence of safety leadership styles on worker participation in implementing mining safety at a Private Limited Company. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was employed. The quantitative phase used a cross-sectional approach involving 715 respondents selected through proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression. The qualitative phase was conducted through in-depth interviews, observations, and focus group discussions to explain and enrich the quantitative findings. The results showed that all dimensions of safety leadership were positively and significantly associated with worker participation, with the strongest relationship observed in task-centered leadership (r = 0.688; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that task-centered leadership was the most influential dimension affecting worker participation (β = 0.295; p < 0.001), followed by democratic leadership (β = 0.292; p < 0.001) and relationship-centered leadership (β = 0.200; p = 0.001), while authoritarian leadership was not significantly associated with worker participation (p = 0.372). The regression model explained 49.4% of the variance in worker participation (Adjusted R² = 0.491). Qualitative findings indicated that clear work instructions, consistent safety supervision, two-way communication, worker involvement in decision-making, and follow-up on worker feedback were key factors supporting increased worker participation. This study concludes that safety leadership plays an important role in enhancing worker participation in mining safety initiatives, with task-centered leadership as the most dominant dimension influencing it.
The Relationship Between Maternal Work Duration, Caregiver Involvement, and Picky Eating Behavior Among Toddlers Aged 1-3 Years in Bekasi City Aulia Rahmawati; Agung Nugroho; Siti Fadhilahtun Nasriyah
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia Vol 6 No 2: August 2026
Publisher : Al-Hijrah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58545/jkki.v6i2.769

Abstract

Picky eating behavior is a common nutritional challenge among toddlers, characterized by a strong preference for specific foods and the rejection of novel items. This study aimed to examine the relationship between maternal work duration and caregiver involvement with picky eating behavior among toddlers aged 1–3 years in Bekasi City. Employing a quantitative cross-sectional design, data were collected via online questionnaires from 174 mothers selected through convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The results indicated a high prevalence of picky eating (71.8%), with slightly higher proportions observed among children of mothers who worked long hours and across all caregiver involvement categories. However, statistical analysis revealed no significant relationship between maternal work duration (p=0.255) or caregiver involvement (p=0.179) and picky eating behavior. These findings suggest that picky eating is a complex, multifactorial issue not solely dictated by maternal employment hours or basic caregiver involvement metrics. In conclusion, fostering healthy eating habits requires comprehensive strategies involving both parents and caregivers. Community health practitioners must prioritize promoting responsive feeding practices and positive mealtime environments rather than merely focusing on maternal work schedules.
Transition Readiness Among Pre-licensure Nursing Students Entering Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review Sujarwanto; Dodi Wijaya; Anisah Ardiana
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia Vol 6 No 2: August 2026
Publisher : Al-Hijrah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58545/jkki.v6i2.788

Abstract

The theory-practice gap frequently triggers transition shock among pre-licensure nursing students. This study aims to identify, evaluate, and synthesize recent literature regarding the readiness level of professional nursing students transitioning to clinical practice. This systematic review adhered to the PRISMA protocol and searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for studies published over the last five years. Selection followed the PICOS framework, and methodological quality was appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Checklist. Twelve articles from eight countries were analyzed. Quantitative findings indicate that practice readiness levels range from moderate to high, with mean scores averaging 63.5% to 75.4% of maximum capacity. However, significant variations exist, heavily influenced by healthcare contexts and educational cultures. Results confirm that readiness is multidimensional, integrating clinical skills, intrapersonal factors, teamwork, and professionalism. Limitations include a reliance on self-reported measures and the absence of a singular standardized assessment tool. Ultimately, these findings can directly inform nursing curriculum redesigns and the establishment of robust hospital-university partnership models, highlighting the critical need for structured pre-clinical orientations and integrated nurse residency programs to mitigate transition shock.
The Relationship between the History of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Complementary Feeding (MP-ASI) with Stunting among Children Under Five in the Working Area of Penana'e Public Health Center, Bima City: A Cross-Sectional Study Agnis Setiawati; M. Noris; Darmin; Juraidin
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia Vol 6 No 2: August 2026
Publisher : Al-Hijrah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58545/jkki.v6i2.754

Abstract

Background: Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that remains a public health challenge in Indonesia, including in the working area of the Penana'e Health Center in Bima City. Inappropriate practices of exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding can affect toddler growth and increase the risk of stunting. Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of stunting and to analyze the relationship between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding and stunting in the working area of the Penana'e Health Center in Bima City. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the working area of Penana'e Primary Health Center, Bima City, Indonesia. A total of 80 mothers with children aged 6–59 months were included. The sample size was determined using the Slovin formula, and participants were selected using purposive sampling based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through structured interviews using a validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's Chi-square test. Effect sizes were expressed as Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CIs). Results: Exclusive breastfeeding was significantly associated with stunting (p<0.001). Children who were not exclusively breastfed had 4.96 times higher odds of being stunted than those who received exclusive breastfeeding (OR=4.96; 95% CI=1.86–13.23). In addition, the timing of complementary feeding was significantly associated with stunting (p<0.001). Children who received complementary feeding either before or after six months of age had 5.32 times higher odds of stunting than those who received complementary feeding at six months (OR=5.32; 95% CI=1.97–14.32). Conclusion: The history of exclusive breastfeeding and MP-ASI is related to the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the working area of the Penana'e Health Center, Bima City, so it is necessary to increase education to mothers about the importance of providing exclusive breastfeeding and appropriate MP-ASI to prevent stunting.
Systemic Breakdowns in Safety Defenses: An HFACS Analysis of Fatigue-Related Accidents and Organizational Failures in Coal Mining (2020–2024) Sari Febryanti Wibisono; Robiana Modjo
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia Vol 6 No 2: August 2026
Publisher : Al-Hijrah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58545/jkki.v6i2.766

Abstract

Background: Coal mining is among the industries with the highest risk of occupational accidents due to the complex interactions among humans, machines, and the environment. Objective: This study aims to analyze the causal factors of occupational accidents in the coal mining sector by reviewing 25 incident investigation reports from 2020 to 2024. Methods: A descriptive analysis using the Swiss Cheese Model and the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) was employed to identify systemic patterns and contributing factors. Results: The results indicate an increasing trend in incidents, rising from 5 cases (2020) to 10 cases (2024), with total material losses exceeding Rp 1.2 billion. Severity classification: Near Miss 2 cases (8%), Property Damage 16 cases (64%), First Aid Injury 5 cases (20%), and Lost Time Injury 2 cases (8%). The HFACS analysis identified failures at four levels: organizational influences (production pressure, inconsistent policies), inadequate supervision, unsafe conditions, and unsafe operator actions. Fatigue was identified as a consistent contributing factor in 100% of cases, manifesting as microsleep, insufficient sleep duration, and dishonesty in reporting physical condition. The gap analysis indicates that the simultaneous failure of multiple barriers is not due to random factors but rather systemic failures rooted in an organizational culture that prioritizes production. Conclusion: The occupational accidents that occurred were not caused by random factors, but rather a series of systemic failures culminating in operator fatigue. This study recommends an integrated approach to prevent incidents, which includes system strengthening (such as the utilization of monitoring technology and roster optimization), cultural transformation (from a blame culture to a learning culture), and consistent policy implementation with clear accountability across all organizational levels.
Evaluating Corrective Action Effectiveness Against Incident Recurrence in Mining Operations: A Hierarchy of Controls Approach (2023–2025) Zinedina Salsabila Mustain; Doni Hikmat Ramdhan
Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia Vol 6 No 2: August 2026
Publisher : Al-Hijrah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58545/jkki.v6i2.774

Abstract

Incident recurrence indicates that organizational learning has not fully succeeded in breaking the chain of failure. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the quality of corrective actions, as measured by the Hierarchy of Controls, and incident recurrence, while accounting for incident characteristics as control variables, at PT XYZ (mining contractor) during 2023–2025. This quantitative study with a retrospective correlational design analyzed 124 incident investigation reports. Critical factors are classified using two schemes presented side by side, namely the company's internal taxonomy and the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). Analyses were conducted at univariate, bivariate (Fisher's Exact Test and Pearson Chi-Square), and multivariate (multiple logistic regression) levels. The reliability of corrective action scoring was validated through inter-rater agreement (weighted Kappa = 0.722; substantial). Results show a high recurrence rate under both schemes (65.3% under HFACS; 72.6% under the internal scheme). Critical Factor was the most dominant predictor (OR = 7.02; p < 0.001), followed by Incident Classification (OR = 8.91; p = 0.003), while Corrective Action Quality was not significant (p = 0.556), consistently across both schemes. Applying the HFACS taxonomy refined the dominant Human Error category (80.6%) into Violation (38.7%) and Error (41.1%), revealing a diversity of failure types useful for improving investigation. The study concludes that the effectiveness of recurrence prevention is determined more by the accuracy of root-cause diagnosis during investigation than by the technical level of corrective actions alone.

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