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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR)
Published by PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29860768     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55927/ijar.v2i4
Core Subject : Science, Education, Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR) is an open-access and peer-reviewed journal, published by Formosa Publisher, which is mainly intended for the dissemination of research results by researchers, academics, and practitioners in many fields of science and technology. IJAR publishes articles monthly. The editors welcome submissions of papers describing recent theoretical and experimental research related to: (1) Theoretical articles; (2) Empirical studies; (3) Case studies; (4) Literature Review and (5) Applications of recent technology advancement.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 562 Documents
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Graphite-Derived Graphene-Based Composites for Ballistic Body Armor: A Systematic Literature Review Isya Rahma Hanifah; Timbul Siahaan; Edy Sulistyadi
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijar.v5i5.16568

Abstract

The increasing development of modern ballistic threats has encouraged the advancement of lightweight and high-performance body armor materials capable of providing effective protection without reducing user mobility. Graphene, a two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial derived from graphite, has attracted significant attention in defense applications because of its exceptional mechanical properties. This study aims to review graphite-derived graphene-based composites for ballistic body armor applications through relevant national and international journals. The reviewed studies were analyzed based on material characteristics, ballistic energy absorption mechanisms, hybrid composite systems, fabrication methods, and development challenges. The results indicate that graphene improves ballistic resistance through stress-wave propagation, crack deflection, and enhanced energy dissipation mechanisms. In addition, graphene-based hybrid composites demonstrate improved ballistic limit velocity and reduced backface deformation compared to conventional ballistic materials. However, challenges such as high production cost, agglomeration, brittleness, and scalability limitations still hinder large-scale implementation. Overall, graphite-derived graphene shows strong potential for future lightweight ballistic body armor applications.
An Exegetical Study of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:25–37) as a Model of Caring in Nursing Practice Nova Lina Langingi; Grace Fresania Kaparang
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijar.v5i5.16569

Abstract

Caring is widely recognized as the essence of nursing practice and remains central to holistic patient care. Contemporary nursing literature increasingly emphasizes compassion, empathy, and spiritual care as essential dimensions of professional nursing. Within Christian nursing education, biblical narratives may provide foundational insights into caring behaviors and holistic healing. This study explores the Good Samaritan narrative in Luke 10:25–37 as a model of caring relevant to nursing practice. Using qualitative biblical exegesis and thematic content analysis, the study identifies key caring themes embedded within the narrative and relates them to Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring. The findings reveal seven major caring themes: compassion, presence, caring action, holistic care, sacrifice, advocacy, and human dignity. These themes demonstrate strong parallels with contemporary nursing caring theory and support the integration of biblical perspectives into holistic nursing education and practice. Also, implementing this model requires nurses’ reflective awareness to bridge the gap between administrative demands and patients’ emotional needs. The study contributes to faith integration scholarship by providing a theological and theoretical framework for understanding caring within Christian nursing. Future research may explore other biblical healing narratives and their relevance to nursing, leadership, ethics, and spiritual care.
The Influence of Financial Literacy, Lifestyle, and Digital Payments on the Financial Behavior of People in Kuningan Regency Pemilia Mega Yuliani; Ario Purdianto
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijar.v5i5.16570

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of Financial Literacy, Lifestyle, and Digital Payment Use on the Financial Behavior of the community in Kuningan Regency, both partially and simultaneously. The research method used is quantitative with an associative design. The population of this study is the people of Kuningan Regency who use digital payment services (such as e-wallets, mobile banking, or QRIS). The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total of 150 respondents. Data were collected through a questionnaire based on a Likert scale of 1-5 and analyzed using the Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method with the help of SmartPLS software. The results of the outer model test showed that all indicators had loading factor values ​​above 0.7 (ranging from 0.808 to 0.914), which means all instruments were declared valid and reliable. Partially, Financial Literacy has a positive effect on financial behavior, indicating that a good understanding of risk management and financial priorities will result in more rational financial decisions. Lifestyle and digital payment usage have also been shown to significantly influence people's financial behavior patterns. Simultaneously, these three independent variables significantly influenced financial behavior. This finding underscores the importance of strengthening financial literacy in the digital age to balance the ease of digital transactions with a consumerist lifestyle, leading to healthier and more stable financial management.
Mapping the E-Government Portrait of Malang City: A Cross-Platform Meta-Synthesis of Sixty Public Administration Undergraduate Theses, 2024–2025 Bayu Indra Pratama; Muhammad Rizki Pratama
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijar.v5i5.16613

Abstract

This study proposes a qualitative meta-synthesis framework applied to sixty undergraduate theses from Universitas Brawijaya graduating in 2024–2025 that examine e-government practice in Malang City. Drawing on Noblit and Hare’s meta-ethnography, eMERGe reporting, and PRISMA 2020 corpus selection, the work maps the corpus across at least twenty-three municipal digital platforms, reads each thematic cluster substantively, and weaves seven preliminary line-of-argument patterns. Citizen-interface depth predicts platform success more strongly than architectural completeness; nationally mandated platforms yield thinner local public value than locally originated ones; and a co-production gap pervades the corpus except in the disability-inclusion cluster. The framework offers theoretical, methodological, and practical contributions.
Application of the Welch-Powell Graph Coloring Algorithm for Optimizing Course Scheduling Using Python (Case Study: Computer Science Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, HKBP Nommensen University, Pematangsiantar) Ropitta Anjelina Manik; Juli Antasari Sinaga; Gayus Simarmata
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 5 No. 6 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijar.v5i6.16577

Abstract

Course scheduling is the process of assigning courses to specific time slots and classrooms while taking into account various applicable academic constraints. This study discusses the application of graph theory in the development of a course schedule for the Computer Science Program at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA). The main problem in course scheduling is schedule conflicts caused by instructors teaching more than one course. To address this problem, the graph coloring method using the Welch-Powell algorithm is employed. Each course is represented as a vertex, while scheduling conflicts between courses are represented as edges based on shared instructors. The research process begins with the construction of a conflict graph, the determination of vertex degrees, and the sorting of vertices by highest degree, followed by the graph coloring process using the Welch-Powell algorithm. The coloring results show that course schedules can be grouped into several colors representing class days without causing conflicts in faculty schedules. Semester 2 requires 4 colors, semester 4 requires 5 colors, semester 6 requires 6 colors, and semester 8 requires 2 colors. The research results show that the graph coloring method using the Welch-Powell algorithm is capable of producing a more structured and effective class schedule while minimizing faculty schedule conflicts. Thus, the application of graph theory can serve as an alternative solution in the process of developing class schedules in higher education settings.
Application of Markov Chains in Predicting the Unemployment Rate in Pematangsiantar for the Years 2026–2030 Nilam Sari; Gayus Simarmata; Yoel Octobe Purba
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 5 No. 6 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijar.v5i6.16579

Abstract

The Open Unemployment Rate (OUR) is one of the key indicators used to describe the labor market conditions in a region. Fluctuations in the OUR over time indicate that labor market dynamics are uncertain and influenced by various economic factors. This study aims to apply the Markov Chain method to analyze and predict trends in the Open Unemployment Rate (OUR) of Pematangsiantar City for the period 2026–2030 based on historical data from 2017–2025. The method used in this study is a discrete-time Markov chain with two states: the “Decrease” state and the “Increase” state. The analysis was conducted by constructing a transition probability matrix, predicting probabilities, determining the steady state, performing retention time analysis and sensitivity analysis, and validating the model using backtesting and the R software package. The results show that the transition probability from the “Decreasing” state to the “Decreasing” state is 0.8, while the probability of transitioning from the “Increasing” state to the “Decreasing” state is 1.00.  The prediction results show that the probability of a “Decline” condition during the 2026–2030 period ranges from 80% to 83.328%. Additionally, the steady-state results indicate a probability of 83.3% for a decline in the unemployment rate and 16.7% for an increase. The sensitivity analysis results show that changes in transition probabilities affect the steady-state results; however, the “Decreasing” condition remains the dominant state. Thus, the Markov chain method can be used to describe the probabilistic trends in the open unemployment rate in Pematangsiantar based on historical data transition patterns.
A Comparison of Ridge Regression and Partial Least Squares in Addressing Multicollinearity Among Factors Affecting Poverty in Simalungun Regency in 2025 Leony Purba; Juli Antasari Sinaga; Yoel Octobe Purba
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 5 No. 6 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijar.v5i6.16580

Abstract

Poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon influenced by various socioeconomic factors that are often correlated with one another. These strong relationships among variables can trigger multicollinearity problems in conventional regression analysis. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Ridge Regression and Partial Least Square (PLS) methods in overcoming multicollinearity issues in modeling the factors influencing poverty in Simalungun Regency from 2017 to 2025. This study utilizes secondary time series data, with the Poverty Rate (Y) as the dependent variable and independent variables including the Human Development Index (X_1), Open Unemployment Rate (X_2), Gross Regional Domestic Product (X_3), Population Density (X_4), and Total population (X_5). Initial detection results indicate the presence of strong multicollinearity, where the population density and Total population variables have Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) values greater than 10. Based on the evaluation of the model's goodness of fit, Ridge Regression proved to be more optimal than PLS in addressing this multicollinearity problem. The Ridge Regression model yielded a high Adjusted R-Square value of 88.93% and a Mean Square Error (MSE) of 0.0369. On the other hand, PLS only produced an Adjusted R-Square of 57.20% and an MSE of 0.1426. The partial testing results on the best model (Ridge Regression) concluded that the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Total population have a significant negative effect on the poverty rate in Simalungun Regency.
The Effect of Service Quality and Location on Customer Satisfaction at Serdika Pavilion Lodging, Berastagi Iorina Nerangisa Br Ginting; Ingan Ukur Br Sitepu; Benni Purba
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): July 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijar.v5i7.16781

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of service quality and location on customer satisfaction at the Serdika Pavilion Berastagi Inn, both partially and simultaneously. The variables studied include service quality (X₁), location (X₂), and customer satisfaction (Y). This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection was conducted by distributing a questionnaire using a Likert scale to 92 respondents selected from a population of 1,201 customers in 2024 using the Slovin formula. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination. The results of the study indicate that service quality and location have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, with a coefficient of determination of 78.6%. These findings suggest that improving service quality, supported by a strategic location, plays a crucial role in enhancing customer satisfaction at the Serdika Pavilion Berastagi Inn.
Strategies Used by Microentrepreneurs to Develop Their Businesses in the Sipiso-Piso Tourist Area Diana Derlina Ndruru; Menanti Br Sembiring; Benni Purba
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): July 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijar.v5i7.16782

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the strategies used by micro-business owners in developing their businesses in the Sipiso-Piso tourist area, Karo Regency, North Sumatra. The concepts examined include strategies related to human resources, capital, products, and marketing. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, using data collection techniques such as interviews, observations, and documentation of micro-entrepreneurs in the culinary, souvenir, and lodging sectors during the research period. The results indicate that business development is achieved through the utilization of local labor, self-financing, product quality improvement, and promotion—both in person and via digital media. Consequently, strengthening human resources, improving access to capital, fostering product innovation, and enhancing digital marketing are necessary to support the sustainability of microenterprises in the tourism area.
The Role of Human Resource Management Strategies in Improving Work Productivity Among Employees at PT Koncota Agro Mandiri in Gurusinga Village Ega Emanda Br Ginting; Menanti Br Sembiring; Ingan Ukur Br Sitepu
Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 5 No. 7 (2026): July 2026
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ijar.v5i7.16794

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of human resource management (HRM) strategies in improving employee work productivity at PT Koncota Agro Mandiri, Gurusinga Village. As an agribusiness enterprise, managing a diverse workforce is critical to maintaining operational stability. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method. Data were gathered through in-depth interviews with 13 key informants, direct observations, and documentation. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data trustworthiness was validated using source, technique, and theoretical triangulation. The results indicate that the implemented HRM strategies include workforce planning, technical and non-technical training, compensation schemes, and rigorous supervision. Although training distribution remains sub-optimal due to time and budget constraints, overall HRM strategies play a significant role in enhancing employees' work quality, quantity, and accountability. The company is advised to expand training access for non-permanent workers and address incentive disparities to ensure sustainable productivity.

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