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Iva Rachmawati
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Jurusan Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Yogyakarta Jln. Babarsari 2, Tambakbayan, Yogyakarta 55284
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Pena Wimaya
Published by Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta
ISSN : 27984346     EISSN : 27984346     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31315/jpw.v3i1
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Social Sciences
Pena Wimaya (Publikasi E-Journal Hubungan Internasional) adalah Jurnal yang mempublikasikan kajian mengenai isu-isu hubungan internasional. Jurnal ini dibuat untuk memfasilitasi dan juga menjadi wadah pemikiran kritis dan positif bagi mahasiswa yang ingin mempublikasikan karya tulis ilmiahnya. Tim Redaksi dari Jurnal Pena Wimaya merupakan Mahasiswa Hubungan Internasional UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta yang telah melalui tahap seleksi oleh dosen pembimbing. Dengan adanya Pena Wimaya, diharap mahasiswa mampu untuk berani dalam mempublikasikan hasil pemikiran yang telah ditempa dalam kehidupan perkuliahan, hal ini juga sekaligus implementasi dari nilai-nilai Widya Mwat Yasa.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 87 Documents
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STATE RATIONALITY IN POLICY MAKING : PERUBAHAN KEBIJAKAN KOSOVO TERHADAP KOMUNITAS SERBIA DI KOSOVO UTARA PASCA SERANGAN BANJSKA PERIODE 2023-2025 Karolita Mariana Amer; Derryl Jacobi Panjaitan; Prihandono Wibowo
Journal Pena Wimaya Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Pena Wimaya
Publisher : Pena Wimaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/jpw.v6i1.16076

Abstract

Serangan bersenjata di Banjska, Kosovo Utara, pada 24 September 2023 menjadi titik balik yang signifikan dalam hubungan antara pemerintah Kosovo dan komunitas Serbia di wilayah tersebut. Peristiwa ini memicu pengetatan kebijakan keamanan, penguatan kehadiran negara, serta perubahan pendekatan politik yang berorientasi pada stabilitas dan kedaulatan. Penelitian ini berfokus pada analisis dinamika kebijakan pemerintah Kosovo terhadap komunitas Serbia pasca-Serangan Banjska dalam rentang waktu 2023-2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rational Actor Model untuk memahami bagaimana pemerintah Kosovo merespons krisis dengan sumber daya terbatas, tekanan internasional, serta kepentingan politik domestik yang beragam untuk menentukan suatu kebijakan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis dalam tulisan ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data berdasarkan dari sejumlah literatur relevan dan artikel berita yang berkaitan dengan penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan Kosovo pasca-Serangan Banjska mencerminkan kombinasi antara upaya memperkuat kedaulatan negara dan keterbatasan dalam implementasi kebijakan, yang dipengaruhi oleh tekanan politik domestik, hubungan dengan Serbia, serta intervensi Uni Eropa dan NATO. Dengan menggunakan kerangka Rational Actor Model, penelitian ini berupaya memberikan pemahaman komprehensif tentang bagaimana krisis keamanan memengaruhi kebijakan negara terhadap minoritas etnis di wilayah pascakonflik. Studi ini menyarankan perlunya pendekatan dialogis yang lebih inklusif untuk mengurangi ketegangan jangka panjang. Kata Kunci: Kosovo, Komunitas Serbia, Banjska 2023, Kebijakan Keamanan, Rational Actor Model
PENGARUH KRISIS LEGITIMASI DOMESTIK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN ESKALASI MILITER: STUDI KASUS OPERASI RISING LION ISRAEL TAHUN 2025 Putri Wulandari
Journal Pena Wimaya Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Pena Wimaya
Publisher : Pena Wimaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/jpw.v6i1.15117

Abstract

Serangan Israel terhadap Iran pada 13 Juni 2025 menimbulkan eskalasi politik di Timur Tengah. Dalam kajian ini, penulis menyoroti, bahwa tindakan agresi militer yang dilakukan Israel tidak semata-mata lahir dari ancaman eksternal. Agresi militer ini merupakan hasil konstruksi politik domestik oleh Perdana Menteri Benjamin Netanyahu. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan konstruktivisme, artikel ini menganalisis bagaimana propaganda Israel melalui narasi yang dibentuk, dikapitalisasi, dan bahkan disebarluaskan sejak 1990-an untuk menjaga kepentingan politik atas legitimasi kekuasaan di tengah krisis domestik Israel. Ditandai dengan krisis politik, tudingan kasus korupsi, dan tekanan internasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan sumber data berupa pernyataan resmi Perdana Menteri Benjamin Netanyahu, wawancara pakar, jurnal ilmiah, serta artikel berita internasional kredibel. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa propaganda naratif yang dikembangkan oleh Israel tidak hanya menjadi instrumen legitimasi kekuasaan, tetapi juga menciptakan dampak luas terhadap keamanan regional dan global. Dengan demikian, kebijakan luar negeri Israel dapat dipahami sebagai produk dari interaksi kompleks antara krisis domestik, konstruksi identitas musuh, dan strategi komunikasi politik. Kata Kunci: Propaganda, Senjata nuklir, Israel-Iran, Konstruktivisme, Netanyahu
Untangling Small Arms and Transnational Organized Crime: Evidence from Abu Sayyaf in the Philippines 2014-2017 I Wayan Raditya Wikantara; Bintang Corvi Diphda; Naghita Puteri Fashihah; Delphinia Gabrielle Svetlana Abel; Andrew Elnathan; Refa Defanda Witanto
Journal Pena Wimaya Vol 6 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Pena Wimaya
Publisher : Pena Wimaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/jpw.v6i2.16744

Abstract

This article examines Abu Sayyaf’s small arms and light weapons (SALW)-related activities in the southern Philippines during 2014-2017 through Phil Williams and Roy Godson’s Transnational Organized Crime (TOC) anticipation model. Existing studies have widely discussed Abu Sayyaf in relation to terrorism, maritime violence, kidnapping for ransom, and jihadist transformation, yet less attention has been given to analyzing the group through an integrated TOC framework. This study asks how the TOC anticipation model can explain Abu Sayyaf’s persistence during this period. Using a qualitative single case study design, the article relies on desk review and thematic analysis of academic works, policy reports, legal documents, and security studies. The findings show that Abu Sayyaf’s activities were sustained by the interaction of three dimensions. First, the economic model explains the role of illicit arms access, ransom-based financing, and maritime opportunity. Second, the political model highlights weak state capacity, porous borders, regulatory weakness, and local patronage networks. Third, the risk management model shows how Abu Sayyaf adapted through mobility, dispersal, and decentralized networks. The article concludes that Abu Sayyaf is best understood as a transnational organized criminal actor sustained by enabling conditions and adaptive operational practices.
Advokasi Migrant CARE dalam Kasus Perdagangan Manusia pada Pekerja Migran Indonesia di Malaysia (2022–2024) Melissa Mulyawati Murni; Laode Muhammad Fathun
Journal Pena Wimaya Vol 6 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Pena Wimaya
Publisher : Pena Wimaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/jpw.v6i2.16779

Abstract

ABSTRACT The increasing number of Indonesian Migrant Workers in Malaysia during 2022–2024 is accompanied by a persistently high vulnerability to human trafficking, particularly among non-procedural workers. Although national regulations, bilateral cooperation, and regional frameworks exist, protection efforts remain limited due to weak coordination and cross-border law enforcement, indicating the limitations of state-based protection mechanisms and highlighting the importance of non-governmental organizations within transnational advocacy networks. This study aims to identify and describe the role of Migrant CARE in advocating human trafficking cases involving Indonesian Migrant Workers in Malaysia during the 2022–2024 period, using the Transnational Advocacy Networks (TANs) and human trafficking framework, which includes information politics, symbolic politics, leverage politics, and accountability politics. Using a descriptive-qualitative method through interviews and document analysis, the findings show that Migrant CARE plays a significant role in expanding protection by strengthening advocacy networks, elevating issues to the transnational level, and generating collective pressure. However, its optimization remains dependent on the political commitment of both countries and the consistency of cross-border law enforcement. Keywords: Migrant CARE; Human Trafficking; Indonesian Migrant Workers; Malaysia; Transnational Advocacy Networks
ENERGIEWENDE DAN TRANSFORMASI SISTEM ENERGI SURYA PASCA PENGHENTIAN NUKLIR DI JERMAN Varra Rosantya Putri Leandyc; Indah Latifa Kamil; Zaskia Fadillah Dinata
Journal Pena Wimaya Vol 6 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Pena Wimaya
Publisher : Pena Wimaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/jpw.v6i2.16781

Abstract

Penghentian energi nuklir (nuclear phase-out) di Jerman mencapai tahap final pada April 2023 dengan ditutupnya tiga reaktor nuklir terakhir, yaitu Emsland, Neckarwestheim II, dan Isar II. Kebijakan ini berlangsung di tengah krisis energi Eropa akibat terganggunya pasokan gas alam Rusia pasca konflik Rusia-Ukraina tahun 2022, yang menyebabkan kerentanan terhadap keamanan energi Jerman. Sebagai negara industri maju yang sebelumnya mengandalkan energi nuklir sebagai sumber base-load electricity, keputusan tersebut menimbulkan tantangan besar terhadap stabilitas jaringan listrik nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keberhasilan Jerman dalam menggantikan fungsi energi beban dasar (base-load) melalui percepatan pengembangan energi surya sebagai bagian dari kebijakan Energiewende. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kajian pustaka (literature review) dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder berupa jurnal ilmiah, laporan resmi pemerintah Jerman, serta publikasi lembaga energi internasional periode 2021–2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan transformasi energi Jerman didukung oleh efektivitas kebijakan desentralisasi energi melalui instalasi panel surya skala rumah tangga dan industri, dukungan regulasi seperti Solarpaket I, reformasi EEG, insentif fiskal, serta integrasi teknologi penyimpanan energi dan smart grid. Kontribusi energi terbarukan yang mencapai lebih dari 50% dalam bauran listrik nasional menunjukkan bahwa model energi tanpa nuklir tetap layak diterapkan, meskipun masih menghadapi tantangan intermitensi dan kebutuhan investasi infrastruktur jangka panjang. Kata kunci: Energiewende; energi surya; keamanan energi
THE INCONSISTENCY OF JOE BIDEN’S ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITMENT IN THE APPROVAL OF THE WILLOW PROJECT Kezia Angelica Melody
Journal Pena Wimaya Vol 6 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Pena Wimaya
Publisher : Pena Wimaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/jpw.v6i2.16796

Abstract

This study analyses the approval policy of the President of the United States, Joe Biden's approval for the Willow Project in 2023. This policy has sparked controversy because it is considered to contradict the environmental commitments made by Joe Biden during his 2020 U.S. presidential election campaign. This study aims to analyse the factors that influenced Joe Biden's decision-making using Richard Snyder's decision-making theory, which focuses on the analysis of internal factors, external factors, and the decision-making process. This study uses a qualitative method with data collection techniques through a literature review of various policy documents, academic literature, and media reports. The results of the study show that Joe Biden's decision was the result of a complex interaction between various factors, particularly energy needs, economic stability, and domestic political pressure, as well as the geopolitical dynamics following the Russia-Ukraine war. Thus, the Willow Project approval policy can be understood as a compromise between environmental commitments and the interests of maintaining energy security and economic stability. Keywords: Willow Project; decision-making; United States’ energy & environmental policy; United States’ climate commitments
Kudeta Militer Niger 2023: Analisis Latar Belakang Jonathan Stanley Federico Purnomo; Aryanta Nugraha
Journal Pena Wimaya Vol 6 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Pena Wimaya
Publisher : Pena Wimaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/jpw.v6i2.16926

Abstract

This study analyzes the background of the military coup in Niger on July 26, 2023, which overthrew President Mohamed Bazoum. The fifth coup since the country’s independence occurred amid a multidimensional crisis that had weakened the legitimacy of the civilian government. This research aims to explain the causal factors of the coup using Eric A. Nordlinger’s analytical framework, which distinguishes between structural (long-term) factors and contextual (immediate trigger) factors. The method employed is qualitative descriptive, with data collected through library research. The findings reveal that the structural factors include Bazoum’s delegitimization in the socio-political domain (legacy of Issoufou’s patronage system and his minority Arab ethnic identity), the security domain (deteriorating terrorism threat in the Sahel and pro-Western foreign policy), and the economic domain (chronic poverty, inequality in natural resource management, and dependence on foreign aid). Meanwhile, the contextual factors consist of the accumulation of military dissatisfaction across these three domains, which was then directly triggered by the dismissal of General Salifou Modi from his position as Chief of Staff of the Army (April 1, 2023) and the planned dismissal of General Abdourahmane Tchiani from his position as Head of the Presidential Guard (July 24, 2023). This study concludes that the 2023 coup was the result of an interaction between long-term structural delegitimization and short-term contextual triggers, which together enabled military intervention. Keywords: 2023 Niger coup; structural factors; contextual factors; Mohamed Bazoum; Abdourahmane Tchiani

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