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Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan

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Published by Politeknik Negeri Malang

ISSN : 25798537 EISSN : 25799746 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jtkl

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

JTKL editors welcome manuscripts in the form of research articles, literature review, or case reports that have not been accepted for publication or even published in other scientific journals. Articles published in cover key areas in the development of chemical and environmental engineering sciences, such as: Energy Waste treatment Unit operation Thermodynamic Process simulation Development and application of new material Chemical engineering reaction Biochemical Biomass Corrosion technology The "JURNAL TEKNIK KIMIA DAN LINGKUNGAN" journal is a peer-reviewed Open Access scientiﬁc journal published by Politeknik Negeri Malang. This journal ﬁrst appeared in October 2017. The main purpose of the journal was to support publication of the results of scientiﬁc and research activities in the field of Chemical and Environmental Engineering. It is published twice a year in April and October.

Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Kimia Proses dan Teknologi

Articles 133 Documents

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Study Pembuatan Durable Cement dengan Penambahan Pozzolan Silica Fume Nanik Hendrawati; Endah Dwi Rahmayanti; Evi Dyah Priapnasar
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Selama ini silica fume dikenal sebagai bahan campuran pembuatan beton karena dapat meningkatkan kuat tekan beton, menurunkan permeabilitas beton dan memiliki ketahanan sulfat yang tinggi. Dalam penelitian ini mencoba mengaplikasikan silica fume pada pembuatan durable cement. Silica fume dijadikan sebagai bahan pozzolan karena didalamnya mengandung silica tinggi yang bersifat reaktif agar dapat meningkatkan ketahanan terhadap sulfat. Bahan pozzolan ini dapat bereaksi dengan Ca(OH)2 pada suhu biasa untuk membentuk senyawa bersifat semen. Pada penelitian ini silica fume divariasikan mulai dari 0; 7,5; 15; 22,5; 30; 37,5%. Durable cement ini akan diuji ketahanan sulfatnya dengan menggunakan metode pengujian kuat tekan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan terjadinya penururan nilai kuat tekan sampel pada umur 7 dan 28 hari jika dibandingkan dengan blanko. Hal ini disebabkan lambatnya reaksi pozzolan (silica fume). Namun proses peningkatan kuat tekannya akan terus berlanjut hingga setelah umur 360 hari. Jika dibandingkan dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (15-0302-2004) semen PPC tipe IP-K, hasil sampel durable cement masih memenuhi standar untuk variabel dengan penambahan silica fume antara 7,5% sampai 22,5%. Silica fume is known as a mixture of concrete manufacturing since it can increase the compressive strength of concrete, decrease the permeability of concrete and have a high resistance to sulfates. In this research, try applying silica fume to make durable cement. Silica fume is converted to pozzolan because it contains highly reactive silica to increase sulfate resistance. This pozzolan material can react with Ca (OH)2 at a room temperature to form a cement compound. In this study, silica fume was varied from 0; 7.5; 15; 22.5; 30; 37.5%. The durable cement will be tested for its resistance to sulfates by using a compression resistance test method. The results showed that the compressive strength of the sample was decreased at 7 and 28 days compared to the blanks. This is due to the slow reaction of pozzolan (silica fume). But the process of increasing the resistance to compression will continue until after 360 days. Compared with Indonesia cement national standard (15-0302-2004) of PPC type IP-K, the durable cement sample still meets the standard for variables with the addition of silica fume between 7.5% and 22.5%.

Studi Fluidisasi dan Pembakaran Batubara Polydisperse di Dalam Fluidized Bed Berbasis Simulasi CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) Mochammad Agung Indra Iswara; Tantular Nurtono; Sugeng Winardi
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena pembakaran batubara dimana dimensi alat, distribusi ukuran partikel, dan jenis kualitas batubara menggunakan validasi dari penelitian Wang. Penelitian ini mengarahkan pada simulasi berbasis CFD. Kondisi operasi pada saat simulasi pembakaran dilakukan pada kecepatan bubbling. Metode yang digunakan sebelum melakukan simulasi pembakaran merupakan kelanjutan dari simulasi fluidisasi dimana masih menggunakan geometri 2-D fluidized bed lalu dilakukan meshing, selanjutnya memasukkan persamaan energi. Geometri fluidized bed yang digunakan berbentuk tabung dengan panjang silinder fluidized bed 1370 mm, diameter silinder 152 mm. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa pulverized coal dengan jenis batubara Bituminous dimana ukuran partikel dianggap polydisperse dengan ukuran partikel 1 mm dan 1,86mm yang masing-masing sebesar 50% fraksi massa dengan kecepatan 0,2 Kg/s dan suhu 1200 K, dan udara luar yang diinjeksikan dengan kecepatan 0,8 m/s dan suhu 300 K. Analisa pengambilan data adalah berupa kontur fase padatan, kontur temperatur pada fase-1 dan fase padatan, fraksi massa produk pembakaran, massa padatan awal dan akhir simulasi dengan time step sebesar 0,0001 detik dan number of time step sebesar 300000. Selanjutnya data tersebut diplot menjadi grafik temperatur terhadap time step dan disajikan dalam setiap 1 menit simulasi selama 5 menit simulasi. This research aims to determine coal combustion’s phenomenon, where the device’s dimension, particle size distribution, and the quality of rank coal which validated Wang’s reseach. This reseach leads on CFD simulation. The operation condition has did in bubbling velocity. This method is a continuation from fluidization simulation which is use 2-D Geometry and then used the meshing method, and enter the energy equation. The geometry of fluidized bed used was tubular cylinder with 1370 mm length and 152 mm. Materials used in this study was pulverized coal with Bituminous coal type which the particle size was considered as monodispers with particle size was 1.43 mm and polydispersed with particle size was 1 mm with 50% mass fraction and 1.86 mm with 50% mass fraction with flow rate 0,2 Kg/s and the temperature is 1200 K, and the outside air are injected in 0,8 m/s and 300 K. The analysis of data retrieval is solid phase contour, temperature contours in phase-1 and solid phase, mass fraction of combustion product, initial solid mass and final solid mass simulation with time step 0,0001 s and the numberof time step 300000. Then the data is plotted into a graph temperature vs time step and presented in 1 minute simulation for 5 minute simulation.

Penyisihan Pencemar Air Limbah Industri Rumput Laut Menggunakan Nano Karbon Aktif Prayitno Prayitno; Nanik Hendrawati; Indrazno Siradjuddin
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): October 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Air limbah yang dihasilkan oleh industri pengolahan rumput laut memiliki volume yang cukup besar dengan karakteristik pH: 11 13 (alkalis), BOD: 200-300 ppm, COD: 500-700 ppm sehingga kurang efisien jika diolah menggunakan proses biologi dan adsorpsi kimiawi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisa kemampuan nano karbon aktif mengadsorpsi bahan-bahan pencemar (pollutans) dalam suatu kolom adsorpsi alir kontinyu. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mengalirkan air limbah rumput laut ke dalam kolom adsorpsi yang berisi adsorben nano karbon aktif pada ukuran 1-25 nm. Variabel percobaan yang digunakan adalah tekanan operasi (2 dan 4 MPa), serta berat adsorben nano karbon aktif (50, 100 dan 150 g) dengan lama adsorpsi 1 jam. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pada tekanan 4 MPa dan berat adsorpben nano karbon aktif 150 g dengan waktu adsorpsi selama 25 menit memberikan penyisihan BOD, COD dan TSS maksimal masing-masing sebesar 96,4; 96,4 dan 94,5%. Wastewater produced by the seaweed processing industry has a large enough volume with the characteristics of pH: 11-13 (alkaline), BOD: 200-300 ppm, COD: 500-700 ppm so it is less efficient if treated using biological processes and chemical adsorption. The aim of this research is to analyze the ability of activated carbon nano to adsorb pollutants in a continuous flow adsorption column. The study was conducted by flowing wastewater seaweed into the adsorption column containing the adsorbent activated carbon nano in size 1-25 nm. The experimental variables used were operating pressure (2 and 4 MPa), as well as weight of activated carbon nano adsorbent (50, 100 and 150 g) with adsorption time of 1 hour. The experimental results showed that at pressure of 4 MPa and weight of activated carbon nano adsorbent of 150 g with an adsorption time of 25 minutes gave the maximum removal of BOD, COD and TSS were 96.4, 96.4 and 94.5%, respectively.

Pengaruh Komposisi Sampah dan Feeding Rate terhadap Proses Biokonversi Sampah Organik oleh Larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF) Rini Hartono; Anita Dwi Anggrainy; Arseto Yekti Bagastyo
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): October 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Biokonversi oleh larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF) menjadi metode pilihan untuk pengolahan sampah organik. Metode ini meliputi proses reduksi jumlah sampah yang dihasilkan masyarakat, pembentukan kompos dari residu sampah yang tidak terdegradasi oleh BSF, dan pertumbuhan larva BSF yang dapat digunakan untuk pakan hewan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi seberapa besar pengaruh komposisi sampah dan feeding rate terhadap tingkat reduksi dan biokonversi sampah. Variabel penelitian berupa (i) komposisi sampah, yakni campuran 30% sampah sisa makanan (SM) dengan 70% sampah sayur (SY) atau sampah buah (B) atau sampah kebun (K), dan (ii) feeding rate (20, 35, dan 50 mg sampah organik/larva.hari). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada skala laboratorium selama 12 hari dengan menggunakan 300 ekor larva/bioreaktor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa larva yang diberi campuran SM:SY dapat menghasilkan persentase reduksi sampah paling tinggi (81,98%), diikuti oleh campuran SM:B sebesar 81,23%, dan SM:K sebesar 42,71%. Ditinjau dari berat akhir larva, tingkat biokonversi tertinggi didapat pada campuran SM:B dan feeding rate 35 mg sampah/larva.hari, sedangkan tingkat biokonversi terendah didapat dari campuran SM:K dan feeding rate 50 mg sampah/larva.hari. Analisis protein menunjukkan bahwa semua larva BSF dari tiap campuran sampah layak dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan hewan, karena memiliki kandungan protein antara 34– 59%. Bioconversion method using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae has become of great interest in organic waste treatment. This method comprises of the municipal waste reduction process, the compost production from undegraded waste, and the growth of BSF larvae that can be used further as animal feed. This study evalutes the effect of waste composition and feeding rate on the waste reduction and bioconversion level. The evaluations were done on some variables: (i) waste composition (30% food waste and 70% vegetables waste (SY) or fruit waste (B) or garden waste (K), (ii) feeding rate (20, 35, and 50 mg waste/larva.day).The experiments were conducted in a laboratory scale for 12 days using 300 larvae/bioreactor. The results show that the larvae that has been fed with SM:SY obtained the highest waste reduction (81.98%), followed by SM:B (81.23%) and SM:K (42.71%). Based on the final larvae weight, the highest bioconversion level was acquired on the SM:B composition and feeding rate of 35 mg waste/larva.day, whereas the lowest bioconversion was measured on the SM:K composition and feeding rate of 50 mg waste/larva.day. The protein analyses describes that all larvae are applicable for animal feed due to protein contents of 34–59%.

Life Cycle Assessment Approach to Evaluation of Environmental Impact Batik Industry Muhammad Noer Iqbal; Safitri Puji Lestari; Michael Yosafaat; Keke Afrilia Mardianta; Iva Yenis Septiariva; I Wayan Koko Suryawan
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): October 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Industri batik merupakan salah satu bisnis tekstil yang paling berkembang di Indonesia. Hasil samping dari proses membatik adalah berbagai bentuk limbah, seperti limbah padat dan limbah cair. Pencemaran terutama bersumber dari limbah cair yang berupa zat warna yang dihasilkan sisa bahan pewarna, proses pencucian dan pembilasan kain batik. Pada umumnya limbah industri batik terdiri dari dari sisa mori, ceceran lilin, sisa air pewarnaan, sisa lilin dan air pelorodan. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan dari proses pembuatan batik adalah dengan menggunakan analisis life cycle assessment (LCA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak lingkungan dari proses pembuatan batik dan input bahan baku yang memiliki dampak lingkungan paling signifikan. Analisis dampak lingkungan dilakukan dengan menginventarisasi input dan output berdasarkan database ecoinvent 3 menggunakan software Simapro 9.1.1. Metode analisis dampak lingkungan dilakukan dengan environmental product declaration (EPD) 2018. Hasil analisis gate-to-gate menunjukkan bahwa dampak lingkungan tertinggi adalah pemanasan global. Sedangkan dari sisi penggunaan bahan baku dan energi, parafin perlu diminimalisir. Penggunaan parafin menyumbang 68,705% dari total dampak lingkungan dari proses pembuatan batik. The batik industry is one of the most developed textile businesses in Indonesia. The by-products of the batik-making process are various forms of waste, such as solid waste and wastewater. Pollution mainly comes from liquid waste in the form of dyes produced by residual dyes, washing and rinsing processes for batik cloth. In general, batik industry waste consists of residual mori, spilled wax, residual staining water, wax residue and pelorodan water. This liquid waste is generated due to the use of synthetic dyes in the batik industry. One way to reduce the environmental impact of the batik-making process is by using a life cycle assessment (LCA) analysis. This study aims to analyze the environmental effects of the batik-making process and the raw material input, which has the most significant environmental impact. Environmental impact assessment is carried out by inventorying inputs and outputs based on the ecoinvent 3 databases with Simapro 9.1.1 software. The environmental impact analysis method is carried out with the 2018 environmental product declaration (EPD). The results of the gate-to-gate analysis show that the highest environmental impact is global warming. Meanwhile, from the use of raw materials and energy, paraffin needs to be minimized. The use of paraffin accounts for 68.705% of the total environmental impact of the batik-making process.

Kajian Karakteristik dan Energi pada Pirolisis Limbah Plastik Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Novarini; Sigit Kurniawan; Rusdianasari; Yohandri Bow
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Low-Density Poly Ethylene (LDPE), plastic waste cannot be broken down by microorganisms in the soil, has no sale value, so it is buried in the final waste disposal site. One of the plastic waste treatment methods is the pyrolysis process. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of fuel oil from pyrolysis products and to determine the energy efficiency produced against the highest fuel use. The pyrolysis equipment used is 1 reactor unit and 1 condenser unit. The characteristics of the fuel oil product analyzed are the cetane index, density, sulfur content, kinematic viscosity, flash point, and caloric value of the pyrolysis process which varies the combustion temperature in the reactor by 200°C, 250°C, 300°C and the process in the reactor, with and without the use of natural zeolite catalysts 1% against 2.5 kg of LDPE plastic waste for 6 hours. After the type of fuel produced is identified, an energy efficiency assessment of the fuel product is carried out on the use of fuel in the pyrolysis process. The results analysis show that the all product of fuel oil is a kerosene-type of fuel. The highest efficiency of 72.51% is the kerosene produced in pyrolysis using a catalyst at a temperature of 250°C with an energy value ratio of 20,402 kcal for kerosene from pyrolysis of LDPE plastic waste and 28,137 kcal for the use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) fuel in the pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis using a 1% zeolite catalyst at 250°C has proven to be an efficient and sustainable way to treat LDPE waste into kerosene fuel.

Encapsulation of Clove Oil within Ca-Alginate-Gelatine Complex: Effect of Process Variables on Encapsulation Efficiency Agung Ari Wibowo; Ade Sonya Suryandari; Eko Naryono; Vania Mitha Pratiwi; Muhammad Suharto; Naila Adiba
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Owing to the properties such as analgesic, clove oil is commonly used as medicine, antibacterial, antioxidant, and antimicrobial drugs. The possibility of clove oil encapsulation as a solid macrocapsule was studied by making Ca-Alginate-Gelatine macrocapsules. The process variables used were variations in Alginate concentration of 1% and 1.5% w/v, and the mass ratio between alginate-gelatine was varied between 1: 4, 1: 6, and 1: 8 w/w. In addition, variations in the concentration of CaCl2 (10%, 20% and 30% w/v) as a cross-linking agent for the formation of Ca-Alginate complexes were also used as process variables. The increase of alginate, gelatine and CaCl2 concentration seems to decreased the encapsulation efficiency because of the limitation of the free space volume formed in the Ca-Alginate-Gelatine matrix. The highest encapsulation efficiency (93.08%) was obtained in the use of Alginate 1% w/v, with a ratio of alginate to gelatine 1: 4 and cross-linking in a 10% w/v CaCl2 solution for 15 minutes.

Pemanfaatan Precipitated Calcium Carbonat dari Batu Kapur dalam Pembuatan β- TCP sebagai Bahan Dasar Implan Tulang Noor Isnaini Azkiya; Fanny Prasetia; Rosita Dwi Chrisnandari; Wianthi Septia Witasari
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

One of the biocompatible materials that are often used as a basic materials for bone and dental implants is tricalcium phosphate. This material can be produced from precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) limestone because it has a very high calcium content. The method used to synthesize tricalcium phosphate was deposition of CaO and H3PO4 precursors in ethanol media. The results of the synthesis was characterized using FT-IR instruments, AAS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and XRD. Based on the results of the UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis, the Ca/P ratio of the synthesis results obtained was 1.87. FT-IR test showed the presence of a Ca-O group at wave number 1400 cm-1 and PO43- group at wave numbers 561 cm-1 and 1041 cm-1. XRD test showed highest peaks of β-TCP (tricalcium phosphate) according to JCPDS no. 09-0169.

Dinamika dan Karakter Produk Hasil Dekarboksilasi Sabun Hidroksi Pelargonat Ella Melyna; Tirto Prakoso; Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

The development of biofuel have a lot of advantages for national growth, such as, imports reduction of fuel and increasing national energy security and sustainability. Therefore, biofuel production technology for substitution of fuel oil especially gasoline, is very important. One of technology method to produce biogasoline is decarboxylation of pelargonic hydroxy metal soap. Magnesium hydroxy pelargonate [Mg(OH)(OOCC8H17)] can be decarboxylated to produce n-octane [C8H18] and magnesium carbonate [MgCO3] which at temperatures close to 500oC decompose into MgO and CO2. The objectives of this research is to investigate comprehensively the dynamics and character liquid products from decarboxylation of pelargonic hydroxy soap [Mg(OH)OOCC8H17] reaction at temperature range of 250-350oC.

Teknologi Pengolahan Kandungan Kromium dalam Limbah Penyamakan Kulit Menggunakan Proses Adsorpsi: Review Maryudi; Aster Rahayu; Refah Syauqi; Muhammad Kresna Islami
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

The waste management issue is one of the biggest problems in the industries recently. Every industry has a high probability of releasing toxic by-product to the environment in the form of waste. One example is in the leather tanning industry. Leather tanning waste still removes harmful metals in its waste, such as heavy metal chromium (Cr). Chromium is used to produce finer skin products. About 30-40% chromium will be carried in the tanning liquid waste. The high chromium levels remaining and carried away in the waste can cause acute and chronic toxicity to the environment and even very harmful to living things. Adsorption is one of the highly recommended methods available to overcome this problem. Relatively low handling costs, simple processes, and the possibility of being recycled are some of the adsorption process's advantages. In addition, the adsorption process can be maximized by using adsorbents that have specific potential specifications for chromium absorption. This article reviews batch and continuous adsorption methods in the processing of chromium content in tannery waste.

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Agung Ari Wibowo

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Contact Name Agung Ari Wibowo

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Editorial Address Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9, Malang, Indonesia

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Contact Name
Agung Ari Wibowo

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agung.ari@polinema.ac.id

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+62341404424

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jtkl@polinema.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9, Malang, Indonesia

Location
Kota malang,

Jawa timur

INDONESIA