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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product
Published by Universitas Ngudi Waluyo
ISSN : 26563215     EISSN : 26156903     DOI : 10.35473
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This journal is aimed as promoting principled approach to research on pharmacy that covers a broad range of topics engaging a good relationship in theoretical and practical. This journal covers: Pharmacology Pharmacognosy Analytical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Technology Social and Management Pharmacy
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 8 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021)" : 8 Documents clear
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Etanol dan Konsentrasi Ekstrak Bunga Mawar Merah (Rosa hybrida Hora Syn damascena Mill.) terhadap Nilai Sun Protection Factor (SPF) Bekti Nugraheni; Uning Rininingsih; Mika Tri Kumala Swandari
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Ngudi Waluyo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1683.457 KB) | DOI: 10.35473/ijpnp.v4i1.635

Abstract

Bunga mawar merah memiliki kandungan antosianin dan antioksidan yang dapat mencegah kerusakan sel akibat paparan sinar UV. Salah satunya dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai tabir surya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi etanol dan konsentrasi ekstrak bunga mawar merah (Rosa hybrida Hora Syn damascena Mill.) terhadap nilai Sun Protection Factor (SPF) secara spektrofotometri UV. Ekstrak etanol bunga mawar merah diperoleh dengan metode refluks menggunakan pelarut etanol dengan konsentrasi yaitu 50%, 70%, dan 96%. Konsentrasi ekstrak bunga mawar merah yang digunakan adalah 40, 60, 80, 100, dan 120 ppm, dilarutkan menggunakan aquadest, kemudian dilakukan penentuan nilai SPF. Hasil nilai SPF ekstrak bunga mawar merah dengan etanol 50% berturut-turut adalah 2,46, 3,59, 4,77, 6,22, dan 7,12. Nilai SPF ekstrak bunga mawar merah dengan  etanol 70% adalah 2,29, 3,48, 4,58, 5,76, dan 6,83 dan nilai SPF yang diekstrak dengan konsentrasi etanol 96% adalah 2,10, 3,13, 4,16, 5,22, dan 6,20. Hasil analisis statistika menggunakan uji Kruskall Wallis menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh nilai SPF bunga mawar merah yang diekstraksi dengan etanol 50%, 70%, maupun 96%, tetapi ada pengaruh antar konsentrasi ekstrak dan kelompok terhadap nilai SPF yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai signifikasi lebih kecil dari 0,05. Red roses contain anthocyanins and antioxidants that can damage cells due to UV rays.  One of them can be used as a sunscreen.  This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol and the concentration of red rose flower extract (Rosa hybrida Hora Syn damascena Mill.) On the value of Sun Protection Factor (SPF) by UV spectrophotometry.  The ethanol extract of red rose flowers was obtained by reflux method using ethanol with concentrations of 50%, 70%, and 96%.  The concentrations of the red rose extract used were 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 ppm, dissolved using aquadest, then the SPF value was determined.  The results of the SPF value of the red rose flower extract with 50% ethanol were 2.46, 3.59, 4.77, 6.22, and 7.12, respectively.  The SPF values of the red rose flower extract with 70% ethanol were 2.29, 3.48, 4.58, 5.76, and 6.83 and the SPF values extracted with a 96% ethanol concentration were 2.10, 3.13,  4.16, 5.22, and 6.20.  The results of statistical analysis using the Kruskall Wallis test showed that there was no effect on the SPF value of red roses extracted with ethanol 50%, 70%, or 96%, but there was an effect between the concentration of the extract and the group on the SPF value indicated by a significance value smaller than 0.05.  
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Buah Parijoto (Medinilla Spesiosa B.) Dengan Perbandingan Pelarut Etanol 70% Dan Etanol 96% Terhadap Bakteri Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Rilla Noor Farida; Rissa Laila Vifta; Agitya Resti Erwiyani
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Ngudi Waluyo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (607.146 KB) | DOI: 10.35473/ijpnp.v4i1.806

Abstract

Buah parijoto (Medinilla speciosa B) mengandung senyawa aktif flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan glikosida diketahui mempunyai kemampuan sebagai antibakteri dan kandungan antioksidan cukup tinggi sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan senyawa flavonoid sebagi antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 70% dan 96% buah parijoto dalam menghambat bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Penelitian diawali dengan melakukan maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% dan 96%. Sedangkan aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram menggunkaan variasi konsentrasi 5%, 7,5%, dan 10%. Ekstrak buah parijoto didapatkan hasil rendemen etanol 70% (15,33) dan etanol 96% (18,50). Etanol 70% konsentrasi 5% memiliki daya hambat 18,00mm, konsentrasi 7,5% dan 10% nilai mean 19,50mm dan 21,58mm. Etanol 96% konsentrasi 5% memiliki daya hambat 18,08 mm,  konsentrasi 7,5% dan 10% nilai mean 19,66 mm dan 21,33 mm. Hasil statistik  aktivitas antibakteri etanol 70% dan 96% keduanya memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tidak jauh berbeda dibuktikan dari uji statistika T-Test. Ekstrak etanol 70% dan 96% buah parijoto didapatkan hasil ekstrak etanol 70% dan etanol 96% memiliki keefektifan dalam menghambat Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Medinilla speciosa B contains flavonoid, saponin, tannin and glycoside active compounds known to have the ability as antibacterial and high enough antioxidant content so that flavonoid compounds can be used as antibacterial. The aim of this research was to examine the antibacterial activity of 70% ethanol extract and 96% Medinilla speciosa B fruit in inhibiting the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This type of experimental research is maceration of flavonoid compounds. While the antibacterial activity uses the disc diffusion method. Testing antibacterial activity using 70% ethanol and 96% ethanol variations 5%, 7.5%, and 10% concentration Medinilla speciosa B fruit extract obtained a yield of 70% ethanol (15.33) and 96% ethanol (18.50). Ethanol 70% concentration of 5% has a resistance of 18.00 mm, concentration of 7.5% and 10% mean values of 19.50 mm and 21.58 mm. Ethanol 96% concentration of 5% has a resistance of 18.08 mm, concentrations of 7.5% and 10% of the mean values of 19.66 mm and 21.33 mm. Statistical results of 70% ethanol antibacterial activity and 96% both have antibacterial activity not much different as evidenced from the statistical test T-Test. 70% ethanol extract and 96% Medinilla speciosa B obtained ethanol extract results 96% more effective in inhibiting the Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Tinjauan Balanced Scorecard Dalam Mengukur Kinerja Rumah Sakit Niken Dyahariesti; Richa Yuswantina; Ni Nyoman Sri Ayu Sumarningsih; Analia Dian Ningrum
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Ngudi Waluyo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (638.961 KB) | DOI: 10.35473/ijpnp.v4i1.831

Abstract

 ABSTRAKPengukuran kinerja dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan Balanced Scorecard (BSC). Balanced Scorecard (BSC) dapat menganalisis dari 4 perspektif  meliputi perspektif keuangan, perspektif pelanggan, perspektif bisnis internal serta perspektif pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan.  Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi kinerja Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Roemani Kota Semarang pada tahun 2017 dan 2018 dengan pendekatan BSC. Metode penelitian ini deskriptif non eksperimental yang bersifat deskriptif analitik. Data dianalisa menggunakan SPSS dan excel untuk dibandingkan dengan nilai standar pada masing-masing pengukuran. Hasil dari perspektif keuangan : NPM tahun 2017 6,49% dan tahun 2018 6,15%, ROI tahun 2017 7,17% tahun 2018 6,18%, ITOR tahun 2017 sebesar 10,24 kali dan tahun 2018 12,41 kali, Rasio efektvitas tahun 2017 104,70% dan tahun 2018 96,55%, rasio efisiensi tahun 2017 63,10% tahun 2018 58,54%. Hasil dari perspektif pelanggan : retensi pelanggan tahun 2017 92,91% dan tahun 2018 95,24%, tingkat keterjaringan tahun 2017  96,27% dan tahun 2018 91,42%, kepuasan pelanggan pasien merasa puas. Pada perspektif bisnis internal dispensing time resep racikan 78 menit dan resep non racikan 34 menit. Tingkat ketersediaan obat sebesar 99,25%. Kinerja  perspektif pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan pada indikator human capital dan organization capital  tinggi, indikator information capital cukup tinggi. Evaluasi kinerja IFRS Roemani Kota Semarang pada perspektif keuangan dapat dikatakan cukup baik dan evaluasi kinerja pada perspektif pelanggan sudah baik. Perspektif bisnis internal belum memenuhi standar pelayanan minimal untuk resep racik maupun non racik. Pespektif pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan pada indikator human capital dan organization capital kategori tinggi, sedangkan pada indikator information capital kategori cukup tinggi. Kata Kunci : Analisis Kinerja, Balanced Scorecard, Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit ABSTRACTPerformance measurement can be done with the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) approach. The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) can analyze 4 perspectives, including financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business perspective and learning and growth perspective.  This research aimed to analyze and evaluate the performance of Roemani Hospital Semarang  Pharmacy Installation in 2017 and 2018 using BSC approach. The method  used was a non-experimental descriptive analytic descriptive  study. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Excel to be compared with the standard values for each measurement. Results from the financial perspective were : NPM was 6.49% (2017) and 6.15% (2018); ROI  was 7.17 (2017) and 6.18 in 2018; ITOR in 2017 was 10.24 times and 12.41 times (2018), effectiveness ratio in 2017 was 104.70% and 96.55% (2018) ; efficiency ratio in 2017 was 63.10% and  58.54% (2018). Results from a customer perspective were; customer retention in 2017 92.91% and 95.24% (2018), the 2017 network size was 96.27% and 91.42% in 2018, and the customer satisfaction level of patients was satisfied. For the internal business perspective, dispensing time was 78 minutes and non-dispensed drug was  34 minutes. The availability level of drugs was  99.25%. The performance of learning and growth perspectives on the indicators of human capital and organization capital was  high, while the indicator of information capital was quite high.It can be concluded that the pharmacy department of Roemani  Hospital performance’s evaluation from a financial perspective was quite good and the performance evaluation from the customer's perspective was good. From the internal business perspectives, it did not meet the minimum service standards for both dispensed and non- dispensed drugs. The learning and growth perspective on the indicator of human capital and organization capital  was  high, while the information capital indicator was quite high. Key word: Performance analysis, Balanced Scorecard, hospital pharmacy installation
Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Etanol Biji Pinang (Areca catechu L.) Menggunakan Metode AlCl3 Agitya Resti Erwiyani; Dina Sihot Rejeki Gultom; Dian Oktianti
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Ngudi Waluyo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (630.734 KB) | DOI: 10.35473/ijpnp.v4i1.888

Abstract

Pinang merupakan tanaman yang banyak tersedia di Indonesia dan memiliki berbagai manfaat. Pemanfaatan air rebusan biji pinang digunakan masyarakat dalam membersihkan dan menyembuhkan luka infeksi. Biji pinang mengandung senyawa fenolik seperti flavonoid, tannin, asam galat, katekin, beta-sitosterol, gum dan asam amino. Biji pinang dilakukan purifikasi untuk mengilangkan zat ballast yang tidak dibutuhkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan kadar flavonoid total ekstrak kasar dan ekstrak terpurifikasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penetapan kadar adalah metode kolorimetri AlCl3. Penetapan kadar flavonoid dilakukan pada panjang gelombang 413,5 nm dengan standar baku pembanding kuersetin. Plot hubungan antara konsentrasi kuersetin versus absorbansi diperoleh persamaan kurva baku sebesar y = 0,0088x – 0,17 dengan nilai R2 sebesar 0,9998. Uji kualitatif menunjukkan ekstrak biji pinang tanpa purifikasi, dengan perlakuan purifikasi n-heksan dan etil asetat mengandung metabolit sekunder diantaranya flavonoid, saponin, tannin dan fenol. Purifikasi pelarut n-heksan didapatkan hasil rendemen lebih banyak dibandingkan ekstrak yang dipurifikasi dengan pelarut etil asetat. Kadar flavonoid ekstrak tanpa purifikasi, ekstrak purifikasi pelarut n-heksan dan etil asetat berturut – turut sebesar 69,13 ; 130,3 ; dan 94,73 mgQE/g. Hal tersebut sebanding dengan perolehan % rendemen tertinggi diperoleh dari ekstrak terpurifikasi n-heksan. Purifikasi pada ekstrak akan menyebabkan hilangnya zat ballast dalam ekstrak sehingga kandungan flavonoid pada ekstrak akan lebih tinggi.Kata kunci : flavonoid, metode AlCl3, ekstrak, purifikasiAreca nut is a plant that is widely available in Indonesia and has various benefits. Utilization of boiled betel nut water is used by the community to clean and heal infected wounds. Betel nuts contain phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, gallic acid, catechins, beta-sitosterol, gum, and amino acids. Areca seeds are purified to remove unnecessary ballast substances. This study aims to determine the total flavonoid levels of crude extract and purified extract. The method used in the assay is the AlCl3 colorimetric method. Determination of flavonoid levels was carried out at a wavelength of 413.5 nm with a quercetin standard. The plot of the relationship between quercetin concentration versus absorbance obtained a standard curve equation of y = 0.0088x - 0.17 with an R2 value of 0.9998. The qualitative test showed that betel nut extract without purification, with purification treatment of n-hexane and ethyl acetate, contained secondary metabolites including flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and phenols. The purification of the n-hexane solvent obtained more yields than the extract purified with ethyl acetate solvent. The flavonoid levels of the extract without purification, the purified extract of n-hexane and ethyl acetate were 69.13; 130.3; and 94.73 mg QE / g. This is comparable to the highest% yield obtained from purified extracts of n-hexane. Purification of the extract will cause the loss of ballast substances in the extract so that the flavonoid content in the extract will be higher.Keywords: flavonoids, AlCl3 method, extract, purification
Standardisasi Spesifik Dan Non Spesifik Ekstrak Etanol Labu Kuning (Cucurbita Maxima) Lyna Lestari Indrayati
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Ngudi Waluyo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (638.791 KB) | DOI: 10.35473/ijpnp.v4i1.950

Abstract

Labu kuning merupakan salah satu tanaman yang dimanfaatkan buahnya dan mempunyai daya antioksidan yang kuat serta  mengandung karotenoid yang kaya akan vitamin larut air, fenolat, flavonoid polisakarida, garam mineral, dan vitamin. Standarisasi ekstrak dilakukan untuk menjamin mutu dari suatu bahan baku obat tradisional termasuk ekstrak untuk dijadikan sediaan yang juga akan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas sediaan maupun efek terapinya. Standarisasi ekstrak etanol labu kuning dilakukan dengan parameter spesifik yang meliputi uji organoleptis degan melihat berdasarkan panca indera (bentuk, bau, warna, dan rasa), uji kualitatif fenol berdasarkan pereaksi warna, uji semi kuantitatif fenol dengan metode KLT (Kromatografi Lapis Tipis), dan uji kuantitatif fenol dengan menggunakan pereaksi Folin-Ciocalteau dan larutan standar asam galat. Parameter non spesifik yang dilakukan adalah pemeriksaan pH ekstrak dengan menggunkan pH meter, bobot jenis ekstrak, dan cemaran mikroba dengan menghitung Angka Lempeng Total (ALT). Hasil standarisasi parameter spesifik ektrak etanol labu kuning berbentuk kental, bau khas, warna coklat kekuningan, dan rasa pahit. Pada uji kualitatif, semi kuantitatif dengan KLT, dan kuantitaif untuk mendeteksi kandungan senyaawa metabolit sekunder fenol menunjukkan hasil positif mengandung fenol dengan kandungan fenol total sebesar 0,74 µg/mL sampel uji. Pada parameter non spesifik ekstrak labu kuning, didapatkan hasil untuk pengukuran pH sebesar 4,56; Bobot jenis 1,01 g/mL; Cemaran Mikroba dengan metode ALT 0x106  koloni/gram (memenuhi standar).Pumpkins is one of the plants that its fruit uses and thought to be active as antioxidant and also contains carotenoids which are rich in water-soluble vitamins, phenolics, polysaccharide flavonoids, mineral salts, and vitamins. Standardization of extract is carried out to ensure the quality of a traditional medicinal raw material to be used as a preparation which will also have an effect on the quality of the preparation and its therapeutic effect. Standardization of the ethanol extract of pumpkin was carried out with specific parameters that have been used in this research are organoleptic tests based on the five senses (shape, smell, colour and taste), qualitative phenol tests based on color reagents, semi-quantitative phenol tests using the TLC method (Thin Layer Chromatography), and quantitative  total phenol test using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and gallic acid as a standard. The non-specific parameters carried out were checking the pH of the extract using a pH meter, density of extract, and microbiogical contamination levels was carried out by Total Plate Count (TPC).  The results of standardization specific parameters of ethanol extract of pumpkin are thick, have a distinctive smell, yellowish brown, and tastes bitter. In qualitative, semi-quantitative tests with TLC, and quantitative to detect total phenol as secondary metabolites, the results showed that positive results containing phenol with a total phenol content is 0.74 µg / mL in the test sample. For non-specific parameters of ethanol extract of pumpkin, the results for pH measurements were 4.56; density of extract 1.01 g/mL; Microbial contamination used TPC method 0 x 106 colonies/gram.
Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia dan Evaluasi Sifat Fisik Sediaan Sirup Ekstrak Labu Kuning ( Cucurbita maxima ) Istianatus Sunnah; Agitya Resti Erwiyani; Mega Silvi Aprilliani; Maryanti Maryanti; Galih Adi Pramana
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Ngudi Waluyo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (958.969 KB) | DOI: 10.35473/ijpnp.v4i1.973

Abstract

Konsumsi makanan tinggi purin akan menyebabkan peningkatan kadar asam urat dalam darah. Akibat kadar  asam urat yang tinggi ( hiperurisemia) dan yang tidak terkontrol, akan menyebabkan gangguan pada organ tubuh sehingga timbul penyakit jantung, ginjal maupun Diabetes Mellitus. Allopurinol saat ini masih digunakan sebagai terapi asam urat / gout tetapi memiliki efek samping ruam, gangguan pencernaan, gangguan ginjal dan hati. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengkaji ekstrak labu kuning yang mengandung flavonoid dan terpenoid dapat digunakan sebagai terapi antihiperurisemia akibat adanya induksi pakan tinggi purin yaitu jus hati dan melinjo (1:1) selama 30 hari. Konsentrasi ekstrak yang digunakan 200 mg/KgBB, 400 mg/KgBB dan 600 mg/KgBB diberikan selama 7 hari dan dibuat sediaan sirup untuk memudahkan penggunaan.  Formulasi sirup diuji sifat fisik dan karakteristik berdasar SNI. Hasil penelitian, menunjukkan bahwa ELBK 600 mg/KgBB  memiliki aktivitas antihiperurisemia sebanding dengan Allopurinol (p value = 0,436 > 0,05), dan peningkatan konsentrasi ELBK memberikan aktivitas yang berbeda  terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat (p value= 0,00). Sediaan formulasi sirup belum memenuhi syarat mutu SNI karena pH masih asam, kadar gula dibawah 65%.Consumption of high purine feeds will cause an increase in uric acid levels in the blood. Due to high uric acid levels (hyperuricemia) and uncontrolled, it will cause disturbances in the body's organs, causing heart disease, kidney disease and Diabetes Mellitus. Allopurinol is used as a therapy for gout but has side effects of rashes, indigestion, kidney and liver disorders. The purpose of this study was to study pumpkin extract containing flavonoids and terpenoids which can be used as antihyperuricemia therapy due to the induction of high-purine feed, are chicken liver juice and melinjo (1: 1) for 30 days in Wistar rats. The concentration of the extract used was 200 mg / KgBW, 400 mg / KgBW and 600 mg / KgBW given for 7 days and a syrup formulation was made for ease of use. The syrup formulation with the ratio of PGA (7.5% and 10%) was tested for physical properties and characteristics based on the SNI quality requirements in the form of organoleptic, pH, specific gravity and viscosity. The results showed that ELBK 600 mg / KgBW had antihyperuricemic activity comparable to Allopurinol (p value = 0.436> 0.05), and increased ELBK concentrations gave different activities to decrease uric acid levels (p value = 0.00). Organoleptically in the form of shape, taste and smell, pumpkin syrup did not differ between groups due to the addition of PGA concentrations. Syrup have  pH 3.8 ± 0.011, BJ 1.260 ± 0.001. The viscosity of the syrup changed with the addition of the PGA concentration with a viscosity of F1 of 2.222 ± 0.001 cps and a viscosity of F 2 of 4.447 ± 0.001 cps. Pumpkin extract has activity in reducing uric acid levels and the syrup formulation does not meet the SNI quality requirements because the pH is still acidic, the sugar content is below 65%.
Aktivitas Imunomodulator dan Kandungan Fenol Ekstrak Terpurifikasi Rimpang Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Rosc. Var.Rubrum) Fania Putri Luhurningtyas; Jatmiko Susilo; Richa Yuswantina; Erma Widhihastuti; Firman Wahyu Ardiyansah
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Ngudi Waluyo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1190.757 KB) | DOI: 10.35473/ijpnp.v4i1.974

Abstract

Rimpang jahe merah (Zingiber officinale Rosc. Var.Rubrum) terbukti mempengaruhi sel imun dengan menurunkan level TNF-α dan IFN-Ɣ pada kelompok perlakuan. Adanya senyawa pengotor pada ekstrak seperti lemak, resin, gula, serat, pati dapat menyebabkan penurunan aktivitas pada uji farmakologis. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh purifikasi ekstrak rimpang jahe merah terhadap aktivitas imunomodulator dan kandungan fenolnya. Penarikan metabolit sekunder pada rimpang jahe merah menggunakan maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Purifikasi ekstrak dilakukan dengan cara partisi, dimurnikan dengan pelarut n-heksana. Penentuan kandungan fenol diuji menggunakan metode Folin-Ciocalteu. Metode bersihan karbon pada hewan coba bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas imunomodulator berdasarkan nilai konstanta fagositosis. Hasil pengujian kadar fenol total ekstrak kasar jahe merah sebesar 338,567 mg GAE/g sampel dan ekstrak purifikasi n-heksana sebesar 862,883 mg GAE/g sampel. Aktivitas imunomodulator ekstrak purifikasi jahe merah tidak berbeda signifikan dengan kelompok kontrol positif Phyllanthus niruri (p>0,05). Hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa ekstrak terpurifikasi rimpang jahe merah memberikan hasil yang signifikan baik kadar fenol maupun aktivitas imumodulator dibandingkan sediaan ekstrak kasarnya.Red ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale Rosc. Var.Rubrum) was shown to affect immune cells by reducing TNF-α and IFN-Ɣ levels in the treatment group. The presence of impurities in extracts such as fat, resin, sugar, fiber, starch can cause a decrease in activity in pharmacological tests. This study was conducted to determine the effect of purification of red ginger rhizome extract on immunomodulatory activity and phenol content. Withdrawal of secondary metabolites from red ginger rhizome used maceration with 96% ethanol solvent. Extract purification was carried out by partitioning, purified with n-hexane solvent. Determination of phenol content was tested using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The method of carbon clearance in animals aims to determine the immunomodulatory activity based on the value of the phagocytosis constant. The total phenol content of the crude extract of red ginger was 338.567 mg GAE / g sample and purified extract of n-hexane was 862.883 mg GAE / g sample. The immunomodulatory activity of the purified red ginger extract was no meaningful difference between with the positive control group of Phyllanthus niruri (p>0,05). The test results showed that the purified extract of red ginger rhizome gave significant results in both phenol content and immunomodulatory activity compared to the crude extract preparation
Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan terhadap Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat dan Covid-19 di Instansi Pemerintah Sikni Retno Karminingtyas; Dian Oktianti; Novanita Puspa Kencana; Maulida Hayati
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy and Natural Product Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Ngudi Waluyo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (581.058 KB) | DOI: 10.35473/ijpnp.v4i1.975

Abstract

Covid-19 merupakan penyakit infeksi virus yang sangat menular dan disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2. Berdasarkan data per tanggal 25 Maret 2020, dilaporkan total kasus konfirmasi 414.179 dengan 18.440 kematian. Indonesia melaporkan kasus konfirmasi Covid-19 sebanyak 8607 kasus pada 26 April 2020. Salah satu cara pencegahan dari penyakit ini dengan melakukan Pola Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat dan Covid-19. Desain penelitian menggunakan deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Subyek dalam penelitian ini pegawai kantor BKSDA Jawa Tengah berjumlah 64 orang dan pegawai Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara berjumlah 51 orang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner dalam aplikasi google form. Analisa data menggunakan deskriptif meliputi tingkat pengetahuan PHBS dan Covid-19. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan responden terbanyak di kantor BKSDA berumur 46-55 tahun sebanyak 24 (37,4%) responden dan di dinas kesehatan responden terbanyak berumur 26-35 tahun sebanyak 23 (45,1%) responden. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin responden di kantor BKSDA terbanyak adalah laki-laki sebanyak 36 (56,2%) dan di dinas kesehatan jenis adalah perempuan sebanyak 33 (64,7%). Berdasarakan tingkat pendidikan, responden terbanyak di kantor BKSDA berpendidikan S1/S2/S3 sebanyak 40 (62,4%) dan di dinas kesehatan sebanyak 32 (62,4%). Tingkat pengetahuan PHBS di kantor BKSDA dengan nilai 84,2% dan di dinas kesehatan didapatkan nilai 88,45%. Tingkat pengetahuan tentang Covid-19 di kantor BKSDA dengan nilai 75,52% dan di dinas kesehatan dengan nilai 76,37%. Simpulan penelitian ini tingkat pengetahuan PHBS dan Covid-19 di kantor BKSDA dan dinas kesehatan kategori baik dengan nilai lebih dari 75%.Kata kunci: pengetahuan, PHBS, covid-19Covid-19 is a highly contagious viral infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Based on data as of March 25, 2020, the total number of confirmed cases was 414,179 with 18,440 deaths. Indonesia reported 8607 confirmed cases of Covid-19 on April 26, 2020. One way to prevent this disease is by implementing a Clean and Healthy Lifestyle (PHBS). This study aims to determine the level of knowledge of clean and healthy living habits and Covid-19. The research design used analytic descriptive with cross sectional approach. The subjects in this study were 64 employees of the Central Java BKSDA office and 51 employees of the North Hulu Sungai District Health Office. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires in the google form application. Data analysis using descriptive includes the level of knowledge of PHBS and Covid-19. The results showed that most respondents were in the BKSDA office aged 46-55 years as many as 24 (37.4%) respondents and in the health office the most respondents were 26-35 years old as many as 23 (45.1%) respondents. Based on the sex of the respondents in the BKSDA office, 36 (56.2%) were male and 33 (64.7%) were female. Based on the level of education, the largest number of respondents in the BKSDA office have a S1 / S2 / S3 education as many as 40 (62.4%) and at the health office as much as 32 (62.4%). The level of knowledge of PHBS in the BKSDA office with a value of 84.2% and in the health department obtained a value of 88.45%. The level of knowledge about Covid-19 at the BKSDA office with a value of 75.52% and at the health office with a value of 76.37%. The conclusion of this research is that the knowledge level of PHBS and Covid-19 in the BKSDA office and the health service is in a good category with a value of more than 75%.Keywords: knowledge, PHBS, covid-19

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