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Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Published by Polilteknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Surabaya
ISSN : 16933761     EISSN : 24078948     DOI : 10.36568
Core Subject : Health, Science, Social,
Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Public Health
Jurnal GEMA Lingkungan Kesehatan [e-ISSN: 2407-8948 | DOI: 10.36568] is a journal aims to be a leading peer-reviewed platform and an authoritative source of information. We publish original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on environmental health or public health as well as related topics that has neither been published elsewhere in any language, nor is it under review for publication anywhere. This following statement clarifies ethical behavior of all parties involved in the act of publishing an article in this journal, including the author, the editor, the reviewer, and the publisher (Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Kesehatan, Toksikologi dan Mutasi Gen
Articles 221 Documents
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Correlation Between Total Cholesterol, HDL, and Non-HDL Cholesterol with Apolipoprotein B in Hyperlipidemia Patients Laily Shofiyah; Maria Galuh Kamenyangan Sari; Novianto Adi Nugroho; Adji Suwandono; Niken Dyah Aryani Kuncorowati; Risalina Myrtha; Hendrastutik Apriningsih; Nurhasan Agung Prabowo; Tonang Dwi Ardyanto; Frieska Dyanneza
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v24i2.281

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is a major modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Among the available laboratory markers, non-HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B have attracted considerable attention as more informative measures of the true atherogenic burden carried by a patient’s blood. 51 hyperlipidemia patients were recruited sequentially for our cross-sectional study at the Clinical Laboratory of UNS Hospital, Sukoharjo. A power calculation for correlation studies (α = 0.05, power = 80%) was used to estimate the sample size. A TMS 30i analyser was used to quantify total cholesterol, HDL, and apo B; non-HDL cholesterol was calculated by subtraction. For every association, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Fisher's z-transformation. There was a high and positive correlation between total cholesterol and apo B (r = 0.881, 95% CI: 0.803–0.932, p < 0.001). There was no significant correlation between HDL cholesterol and apo B (r = 0.082, 95% CI: −0.196 to 0.349, p = 0.566). Apo B and non-HDL cholesterol had the highest correlation by far (r = 0.938, 95% CI: 0.896–0.963, p < 0.001). In hyperlipidemic, non-HDL cholesterol followed apo B more accurately than any other parameter, supporting its usage as a useful, affordable substitute for apo B in situations when direct measurement is not possible. To strengthen these relationships, larger, prospective, multi-center studies that account for important variables are required.
Indoor Environmental Conditions and Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Riverbank Settlements: A Cross-Sectional Study in Banjarmasin, Indonesia Junaidi Junaidi; Zulfikar Ali As; Muhammad Pahruddin; M. Rizki Imanuddin
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v24i2.411

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in densely populated riverbank settlements where housing conditions may influence airborne infection risk. However, empirical evidence linking household environmental measurements with TB occurrence in such settings remains limited. This study examined the relationship between indoor environmental conditions and pulmonary TB status among households living along the Martapura River in Banjarmasin. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 60 households, consisting of 30 TB cases and 30 controls. Indoor temperature, humidity, ventilation area, occupant density, and airborne microbial count were measured using standardized environmental and microbiological procedures. Associations between environmental indicators and TB status were analyzed using chi-square tests and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. None of the measured indoor environmental variables showed a statistically significant association with pulmonary TB status (all p > 0.05). Although most households exhibited high humidity, inadequate ventilation, and elevated occupancy, these conditions were similarly distributed between case and control groups, resulting in non-significant effect estimates. The study did not find evidence of a significant association between indoor environmental quality and pulmonary TB status in riverbank settlements. The findings should be interpreted in light of the environmental homogeneity across households and the study’s limited sample size. Further research incorporating larger samples and multivariable approaches is needed to better understand the environmental determinants of TB in similar high-density settings.
Preliminary Exploration of Bacteriophages Targeting Mycobacterium smegmatis from Hospital Wastewater in Bekasi, Indonesia Rina Hidayati Pratiwi; Nadiva Viraniswah; Mashudi Alamsyah; Saad Aboualkasem
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v24i2.415

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem, exacerbated by the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Bacteriophages, particularly lytic phages, are gaining increasing attention as alternative antimicrobial agents due to their specificity and low resistance potential. This is a pilot study aimed at isolating lytic bacteriophages from hospital and domestic wastewater that exhibit activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis (M.sm) as a model organism for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). Wastewater samples were collected from five locations and tested for lytic activity using a spot test on M.sm. The results confirmed the presence of phages in four of the five samples, as evidenced by plaque formation with varying morphology. Plaques from samples coded ABR and ABM were mostly clear and large, indicating strong lytic activity, while samples coded IS and VB showed more diverse plaque shapes, including turbid and small plaques. This difference reflects the influence of environmental origin on phage diversity. The highest plaque diversity was observed in samples with high organic content and microbial richness, supporting the hypothesis that phage-host interactions are shaped by environmental factors.
Effectiveness of Flipchart Media in Improving Mothers’ Knowledge of Child Growth and Development in Lebak District, Indonesia Kadar Kuswandi; Nintinjri Husnida; Melly Halimatussa&#039;adiah
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v24i2.424

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the effectiveness of flipcharts compared to the KIA Book in improving mothers’ knowledge of child growth and development at Posyandu clinics. The study employed a mixed methods convergent design using a quasi-experimental pre-test–post-test two-group design and in-depth interviews with health workers. Quantitative data were collected using a 20-item questionnaire on child growth and development knowledge from 18 mothers of toddlers, divided into a flipchart group and a KIA Book group, whilst qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis utilised the Shapiro–Wilk test, the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, the Independent Samples t-test, gain score analysis, and ANCOVA, whilst effect sizes were reported using Cohen’s d and the standardised mean difference (SMD). The results of the study showed that the flipchart group experienced a greater increase in knowledge compared to the MCH Book group, with a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 1.06). Interview results indicated that health workers considered the flipchart to be more practical, communicative, user-friendly, and visually appealing compared to the KIA Book. The integration of quantitative and qualitative results suggests that the flipchart medium is more effective in supporting child growth and development education based on Posyandu in rural communities and has the potential to strengthen the implementation of Posyandu Reform through a more contextually appropriate health communication approach.
Association Between Nutritional Status and Development of Preschool Children at An-Nizam Kindergarten, North Sumatra: A Cross-Sectional Study Ardiana Batubara; Fitriyani Pulungan; Nur Afifah Harahap; Melani Puteri Asri Harahap
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v24i2.475

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of administrative innovations in the Healthy Indonesia Program with a Family Approach (PIS-PK) and its impact on program effectiveness and family participation. The research method used a qualitative approach with data collection through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation of PIS-PK administration in four community health centers. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, coding, comparisons between community health centers, and triangulation to ensure the validity of the findings. The results showed that administrative innovations included digitizing family data, standardizing health forms and indicators, digital data-based monitoring, family education and participation, and cross-stakeholder coordination. The implementation of these innovations increased the accuracy and efficiency of data collection, accelerated reporting, facilitated the identification of priority families, and encouraged active family involvement. The main challenges included limited human resources, infrastructure, and community adaptation to the digital system. However, strategies such as routine training, portable hotspots, and cadre mentoring were able to overcome these challenges. This study provides an important contribution to the development of standardized and integrated data-based family health service administration and environmental health management.
The Green Hospital: A Hybrid Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis Agus Sugiharto; Khansa Shafiqa Nahdah; Dede Irving Maryanto
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v24i2.507

Abstract

In recent decades, Green Hospitals have been the subject of numerous studies, yet conceptual fragmentation and ambiguity persist. Thus, the purpose of this study is to address the fragmentation and conceptual ambiguity in green hospital literature by a hybrid approach that integrates a systematic literature review (SLR) and bibliometric analysis. Unlike prior studies, which are predominantly descriptive, this study provides a structured synthesis, identifies theoretical gaps, and develops an integrative framework. A total of 169 Scopus-indexed articles between 2011 and 2025 were systematically identified using an expanded Boolean search strategy ("Green Hospital" OR “sustainable hospital” OR “green healthcare” OR “eco-friendly hospital”) and analyzed following PRISMA guidelines. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer to map intellectual structure, collaboration networks, and thematic evolution. The study findings indicate that the existing study is heavily concentrated on environmental and infrastructure dimensions, while behavioral, governance, and policy aspects remain underexplored. The study also identifies geographic concentration and potential database bias in the global distribution of the study. Importantly, the study develops an integrated Green Hospital Sustainability Framework (IGHSF) based on an inductive thematic approach. This study contributes to the literature by improving methodological rigor in green hospital studies through a hybrid SLR-bibliometric approach, advancing theoretical understanding of sustainability integration in healthcare systems, and providing actionable insights for policymakers and healthcare managers in implementing sustainable hospital practices.
Administrative Innovation in the Implementation of the Healthy Indonesia Program with a Family Approach (PIS-PK) Abdrijali lapodi; Heru Santoso Wahito
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v24i2.508

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of administrative innovations in the Healthy Indonesia Program with a Family Approach (PIS-PK) and its impact on program effectiveness and family participation. The research method used a qualitative approach with data collection through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation of PIS-PK administration in four community health centers. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, coding, comparisons between community health centers, and triangulation to ensure the validity of the findings. The results showed that administrative innovations included digitizing family data, standardizing health forms and indicators, digital data-based monitoring, family education and participation, and cross-stakeholder coordination. The implementation of these innovations increased the accuracy and efficiency of data collection, accelerated reporting, facilitated the identification of priority families, and encouraged active family involvement. The main challenges included limited human resources, infrastructure, and community adaptation to the digital system. However, strategies such as routine training, portable hotspots, and cadre mentoring were able to overcome these challenges. This study provides an important contribution to the development of standardized and integrated data-based family health service administration and environmental health management.
Ethanolic Peel Extract Attenuates Isonazid-induced Hepatic Injury in Rats via Reduced NF-kB, and Caspase 3 Expression Triyanta Yuli Pramana; Thomas Nata Nugraha; Brian Wasita; Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v24i2.532

Abstract

Isoniazid can induce hepatotoxicity and liver fibrosis via oxidative stress, NF-κB, and caspase-3 pathways. Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) peel extract, rich in xanthones, offers anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties that may mitigate drug-induced liver injury. To evaluate the effects of mangosteen peel ethanol extract on NF-κB p65, caspase-3 expression, and hepatic fibrosis in isoniazid-treated Wistar rats. In this experimental study, 28 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: negative control (NC), positive control (PC; isoniazid 50 mg/kg), and two treatment groups receiving isoniazid plus mangosteen extract at 250 mg/kg (I1) and 500 mg/kg (I2) for 30 days. Liver tissues were analyzed using immunohistochemistry (NF-κB, caspase-3) and Masson’s trichrome staining (fibrosis). The 500 mg/kg dose significantly reduced NF-κB p65 and caspase-3 expression and mitigated hepatic fibrosis compared to the PC group (p < 0.05). The 250 mg/kg dose showed less pronounced effects. Garcinia mangostana L. peel extract, especially at 500 mg/kg, effectively attenuates isoniazid-induced liver injury by downregulating NF-κB and caspase-3 in isoniazid-induced Wistar rats. These findings suggest its potential as an adjunct in preventing isoniazid-induced hepatic injury in a preclinical setting. Additional translational and clinical investigations are needed to determine its efficacy and safety as a potential hepatoprotective agent in humans.
Review of Individual, Organizational, and Technological Factors Influencing Knowledge Management Implementatin in Healthcare: A 2019 – 2024 Analysis Aprilia Romdiyani
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 3 (2026): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v24i3.428

Abstract

Comprehending the influencing factors for the implementation of knowledge management in healthcare services is crucial for effectively managing and making use of knowledge to support innovation, decision-making, and improvements in healthcare quality. The purpose of this study is to analyze the key factors influencing the implementation of knowledge management in healthcare services, with the purpose of enhancing service efficiency, accelerating knowledge-based decision-making, and ensuring the quality of patient care. This review followed the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The search was limited to full-text articles published in English between 2019 and 2024 in Scopus and PubMed. A total of 131 articles were initially identified from the databases, including research articles examining factors related to the application of knowledge management. There were data extraction, quality assessment, and the analysis of the data that were conducted for all included studies. A manual content analysis was employed to classify and categorize the identified factors. There were 11 research articles in total that were used in the final review. Content analysis yielded three main groups of factors: (1) individual-related factors, (2) organizational-related factors, and (3) technology-related factors. Conclusion: Healthcare requires robust knowledge management (KM) to support medical team collaboration, best practice sharing, and innovation in patient care.
Spatiotemporal Water Quality Assessment of Lake Mahalona via Google Earth Engine Asramid Yasin; Muhammad Saleh Qadri; Herlan Hidayat; Nayla Desviona
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 3 (2026): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v24i3.519

Abstract

Freshwater lake ecosystems are increasingly recognized as sensitive indicators of environmental health, where shifts in physicochemical water quality parameters reflect broader ecological pressures from anthropogenic activities and climate variability This study aims to map the spatial distribution, analyze temporal trends, and evaluate the water quality status of Lake Mahalona in Towuti Subdistrict, East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi, based on pH, TSS, BOD, COD, and ammonia parameters. The analysis was conducted using the GEE platform with Sentinel 2 Level-2A imagery data for pH, TSS, BOD, and COD parameters, as well as GEOS-CF data for ammonia, covering the period from January to November 2025. The methods applied included creating an Area of Interest (AOI), using the JRC Global Surface Water Mapping Layers, v1.4, utilizing Harmonized Sentinel-2 MSI Level-2A (SR), atmospheric correction, cloud and water body masking, outlier removal using the inter-quantile range, deriving functional equations for water quality parameters, and exporting the data. Satellite-derived estimates yielded pH values ranging from 6.587 to 7.154; TSS from 17.55 to 19.821 mg/L; BOD from 3.215 to 7.266 mg/L; COD from 2.857 to 6.116 mg/L; and atmospheric ammonia pressure indicators at 0.001 mg/L. Time-series analysis revealed fluctuations in all parameters, with increases in TSS, BOD, and COD from August to October, while ammonia remained stable at very low concentrations. Based on Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021, the pH, TSS, COD, and ammonia parameters still meet Class II and III water quality standards; however, the BOD value has exceeded the 2 mg/L threshold, indicating organic pollution pressure from anthropogenic activities in the watershed. The GEE-based approach demonstrates considerable potential for efficient spatial and temporal monitoring of lake water quality, providing important baseline information for the sustainable management and conservation of Lake Mahalona.

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