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Sugih Nugroho
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INDONESIA
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 20876017     EISSN : 25030868     DOI : https://doi.org/10.17510/paradigma
Core Subject : Humanities, Science, Education, Art, Social,
Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal published by the Faculty of Humanities, University of Indonesia. This journal accepts original articles about various issues in cultural science, which include but is not limited to philosophy, literature, archeology, anthropology, linguistics, history, cultural studies, philology, arts, library, and information science focused on studies and research.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Seni dan Humaniora (Lain-Lain)
Articles 289 Documents
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Pu Sapi dan Lembu Agra: Kajian Antroponimi Berdasarkan Isi Prasasti Jawa Kuno (Abad ke-9–16 M) Sasongko, Chacuk Tri; Susanti, Ninie
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 11, No. 2
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Abstract

Javanese literary works, especially the Panji tales, often feature human characters with animal names, such as Kuda Narawangsa, Kebo Kanigara, and Kidangwalangka. This naming phenomenon can also be found in old Javanese inscriptions. Recent studies generally concluded that such naming tradition occurred during the Kadiri-Majapahit era, and this was closely related to the banner of the army and the identity of makasirkasir. This study aims to reveal the motivation behind the naming tradition and the relationship between personal name, social status, and occupation of the person so named throughout the ancient Javanese era. This study uses Nyström’s onomastical approach, especially the concept of anthroponomics, namely the presuppositional meanings of proper names consisting of categorial, associative, and emotive meanings. This research utilized archaeological methods which involved data collection, data processing, and interpretation. Results show that this naming phenomenon was generally motivated by people’s appreciation of certain animals that had a special place and played an important role in the ancient Javanese society and culture. The correlation between the names and the characters’ social status and occupation has been found to be influenced by the sociocultural development during the Ancient Mataram and Kadiri-Majapahit periods.
Telaah Filosofis terhadap Tapa Brata: Praktik Spiritual Menanggulangi Kecemasan dalam Pandemi Covid-19 Suryosumunar, John Abraham Ziswan
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 11, No. 2
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Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic, which is a global disaster, has an impact on all aspects of human life. Indonesia is one of the countries that have a high rate of COVID-19 incidences, which naturally has led to various policies intended to suppress further transmission by limiting social mobility. During this pandemic, people are faced with uncertain conditions that result in an increasing level of boredom, fear, and even public anxiety. The author was interested in exploring the realities of the COVID-19 pandemic by examining the possible relationship between public anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic and an awareness of the need for spirituality which may be achieved by means of performing a Javanese spiritual practice called tapa brata. This practice was then examined in relation to public anxiety that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analysis has generated several main results. Firstly, anxiety among the people during the pandemic is caused by a common awareness of the uncertain and constantly changing reality. Secondly, tapa brata is a mental practice of forming a calmer and wiser self which can adapt to all changes. Thirdly, tapa brata is an esoteric, personal practice that can overcome public anxiety during a pandemic and has a positive physiological effect on people’s immunity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Stereotipe Gender dalam Serial Drama Daughter of Lupin (2019) Fairuzzahra, Nabila Vina
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 11, No. 2
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Abstract

Stereotypes shown by the media have influenced how society constructs their perspective on gender. Japanese television program that contained gender stereotypes is Daughter of Lupin (2019) drama series. This research aims to identify and explain gender stereotypes shown in Daughter of Lupin through the characterization of Mikumo Hana. This research is qualitative descriptive and it uses semiotic approach by Roland Barthes to analyze data. The result shows that Daughter of Lupin drama series has two types of gender stereotypes, which are traditional gender stereotypes and shifted gender stereotypes. It indicates that Daughter of Lupin is not fully breaking down the traditional gender stereotypes, but is also keeping some of them.
“IT IS HER DECISION, NOT MINE” THE PROBLEM OF CHOICE IN ABORTION CONSULTATION SERVICES IN NORWAY Anggia, Franceline
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 12, No. 3
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Abstract

Since 1978, women have been granted legal rights to self-determined abortion, from which the idea of women’s right to choose achieves its victory in the current Norwegian abortion law. Behind this notion of choice lies an assumption that perceives women as subjects of choice who should personally decide whether or not having an abortion would be the proper way to overcome difficult decisions on their pregnancies. Women’s right to choose is celebrated as an ideal concept in consultation services for women who face difficult decisions on whether or not to have an abortion. Counselors and health workers I interviewed used the notion of women’s right to choose to describe the professionalism of their work; that is, to create distance from a woman’s decision-making process. By employing engaged listening to collect ethnographic data, this study explores limitations encountered with the idea of women’s right to choose as applied to care practices for women who are uncertain about their pregnancies. This inquiry examines care relations formed under conditions where the notion of individual choice is not ideal in practice. This study shows how individual choices are socially bound. Women’s status as subject of choice is not predetermined but enacted through emotional labor performed by healthcare professionals, which could affect clients’ openness and self-efficacy to enact a choice. Emotional labor challenges the claim of neutrality which was described as being emotionally detached from clients, as emotion itself is often deemed insignificant for making rational decisions.
Narasi Perempuan melalui Tato Purnama, Nikita Devi; Putri, LG Saraswati
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 11, No. 3
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Abstract

This research examines how women voice their narratives through tattoos by studying the experiences of seven tattooed women. Using the in-depth interview method, this research presents the narratives of these tattooed women in relation to their tattoos. Such narratives seem to be strongly intertwined with their life stories. The body is a medium in which a person can place certain markers to achieve certain purposes. As Butler theorizes, what the body displays is not the real self, but only an appearance according to the assumed or chosen role. In addition, according to Cixous, tattooing can be considered as a form of writing and appropriation of expression for women who are far removed from traditional forms of language as a medium of communication which often serves patriarchic interests. As such, tattoos differ from symbols that outsiders can simply read. Women have their own process of choosing the permanent mode of writing on their bodies, and to understand that, we need to listen to the their narratives. When referring to the process and life story of women, tattoos also contain a narrative that is full of women's specific life experiences.
Ragam Budaya Penggunaan Piranti Sumpit Masyarakat Bandung Selvia, Selvia
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 11, No. 3
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Abstract

Food is an inseparable part of a culture and serves as one of the characteristic markers of a culture or ethnic groups. The arrival and presence of the Chinese ethnic group has contributed to the diversity of the Indonesian culture in general. One of Chinese dishes that have become a favorite delicacy in Bandung is noodles, a wide variety of which is sold in various areas around the city. Noodles are considered as a substitute for daily staple food and have become part of Indonesian identity in general. This field study used the descriptive qualitative method. Data collection was carried out through interviews and observations using the purposive sampling method. The purpose of this study is to determine the various ways Bandung people use chopsticks when consuming noodle. Results show that most Bandung people consumed noodles using spoons and forks. Their lack of understanding of the philosophy of noodles and chopsticks results in an inappropriate noodle-eating etiquette.
Pengaruh Profesi Tukang Cukur dalam Transformasi Kampung Peundeuy, Banyuresmi, Garut Nishlah, Hilyatun; Hapsarani, Dhita
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 11, No. 3
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Abstract

Being professional barbers from Garut—known as ASGAR, short for Asli Garut, which means ‘of Garut origin’—has been the main source of income for most men residing in Kampung Peundeuy, Banyuresmi Village, Garut Regency, West Java. The profession is considered so successful in providing financial welfare for the villagers and improving their social status that many of the residents decide to leave the village to expand their business elsewhere, especially in Jakarta and other big cities in West Java. This phenomenon has intensified since the 2000s until the residents finally dub Kampung Peundeuy as a “barber village” in West Java. In order to preserve their hometown’s reputation as a “barber village”, the residents feel the need to preserve and pass on their shaving and hairdressing skills to their relatives and children. As a result, what was once only a common profession now has been considered as part of the village’s tradition. Furthermore, the barber profession has spurred various changes in Kampung Peundeuy, including their livelihood, cultural identity, and social life. Therefore, in order to examine the relationship between barber as a profession dan village transformation, the research attempted to answer these two questions: (1) How did the profession became a tradition among Kampung Peundeuy’s residents? and (2) How has the barber profession stimulated the transformation of the village? This research incorporated thoughts proposed by Koentjaraningrat (1981) who studied community problems, by Luji (2020) who examined profession as a form of culture, and McGee (2001 & 2008) who proposed the theory of semi-urbanization. This study applied the qualitative method, which included the ethnographic method, non-participatory observation, and interviews to collect data. This study is in line with Luji’s (2020) finding that the tradition of becoming barbers was produced and consumed by the residents of Kampung Peundeuy for years by means of power relation among family members. Families encouraged their male members (parents, husbands, sons, or sons-in-law) to become barbers because the job is considered profitable. Moreover, further changes do not occur naturally but are spurred by semi-urbanization when residents carry their profession to big cities. Semiurbanization (McGee 2008) encourages the phenomenon of desakota (literally “urbanvillage”) which describes the influence of urban lifestyle on Kampung Peundeuy. Thus, it can be concluded that the barber profession influences the transformation of Kampung Peundeuy, and this can occur due to the strong encouragement among its residents to both pass down the hairdressing skills to the next generation and to enter the profession.
Diplomasi Budaya Indonesia dan Rusia dalam Lirik Lagu Rayuan Pulau Kelapa dan Versi Rusia Pesnja Ostrova Pal’m Widyatmoko, Edelleit Rose; Kaprisma, Hendra
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 10, No. 1
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Abstract

The focus of this study is the aspects of cultural diplomacy in Pesnja Ostrova Pal’m, Russian version of Rayuan Pulau Kelapa. This song was translated into Russian in 1957 by Vladimir Korchagin as an editor at the Central Studio of Documentary Film, with language formulation according to Russian perspective. As a major theory, this study uses Norman Fairclough’s three-dimension critical discourse analysis theory approach (1997, 2003, and 2013)—text analysis, discursive practice, and social practice. The result of the study shows that the language transfer between Rayuan Pulau Kelapa and Pesnja Ostrova Pal’m was a major contribution to cultural diplomacy between the two countries. Through Rayuan Pulau Kelapa and Pesnja Ostrova Pal’m, a close and sustainable partnership between Indonesia and Russia was formed.
Pemberontakan Komunis Silungkang 1926–1927 Sebuah Gerakan Islam Revolusioner Marzali, Amri
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 10, No. 1
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Abstract

This article discusses what was called by the Dutch Colonial Government as ‘The Communist Uprisings of 1926-1927’. Instead of ‘the communist uprisings’, the writer tends to call this people’s resistance as ‘the Revolutionary Islamic Movement’. The writer finds the facts in which the dominant organization involved in the uprising was Sarekat Islam, a spilt faction of Sarekat Islam. The correction is based on different documents and reports, namely the resources issued by the colonial government, books written by political researchers of the West and by a local historian such as Mestika Zed, books and articles written by the local Silungkang’s experts, a book written by an actor of the movement, and the ethnographic reports written by the writer. These documents, reports, and books enable the writer to fully catch on the political, economic, social, and cultural background of ‘the Revolutionary Islamic Movement’.
Needs Analysis in Developing “English for Tour Guides” Materials for High School Students in Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia Araminta, Lavinia D.W; Halimi, Sisilia S
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 10, No. 2
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Abstract

Kepulauan Seribu is one of the fastest growing tourism regions in Indonesia, but its growth can be hindered by the lack of English skills of local tour guides. In response to this, a workshop entitled “English for Tour Guides” was conducted for high school students on Pramuka Island, and in-house materials were developed. To determine how the materials were to be designed, a needs analysis using a three-question open-ended questionnaire was carried out in order to identify the students’ views on local tourism, motivation to join the workshop, and aspirations after graduation. The results show that the students considered developing local tourism and improving their English skills, either for achieving future personal purposes or interacting with foreign visitors, important. Furthermore, this study also found that their motivation had both integrative and instrumental orientations. Based on the needs analysis, a set of principles informed by the literature on language teaching and learning was chosen, and it directed the pedagogical tasks selected as part of the materials.

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