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Muhammad Irwan Hadi
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Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Published by Lembaga Yasin Alsys
ISSN : 29873924     EISSN : 29872286     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58578/mikailalsys
Core Subject : Science, Education, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Physics Social Sciences Other
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science : MIKAILALSYS [2987-3924 (Print) and 2987-2286 (Online)] is a double blind peer reviewed and open access journal to disseminating all information contributing to the understanding and development of Multidisciplinary Science. Its scope is international in that it welcomes articles from academics, researchers, graduate students and policy makers. The articles published may take the form of original research, theoretical analyses, and critical review. All articles should be in English or Arabic. MIKAILALSYS publishes 3 editions a year in April, August, and December (Unless there is co-publication with conference organizers). MIKAILALSYS journal has been indexed by Harvard University, Boston University, Dimensions, Scilit, Crossref, Web of Science Garuda, Google Scholar, and Base.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 448 Documents
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Systematic Literature Review: Population Density Mapping Using Data Mining Muhammad Rafli; Besse Hartati; Gunawan Ari Nursanto
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.10187

Abstract

Population density is a critical indicator in regional development planning because it is closely associated with public service distribution, transportation systems, healthcare provision, and environmental management. The rapid growth of digital technology has increased the volume and complexity of demographic data, requiring more effective analytical methods for population density analysis. This study aims to analyze the application of data mining in population density mapping based on studies published between 2021 and 2025. A systematic literature review approach was employed by examining 30 scientific articles obtained from Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and Crossref. The review process included article identification, literature screening, data collection, and analysis of findings based on the algorithms, research fields, data sources, and analytical methods used in the selected studies. The findings indicate that the most frequently applied algorithms were K-Means Clustering, DBSCAN, and Density Peaks Clustering. Data Mining and Machine Learning emerged as the dominant research field, representing 50% of the analyzed articles. The primary data sources used in the reviewed studies included public datasets, government data, and spatial imagery. The results also show that clustering was the most commonly applied analytical method in population density analysis. These findings demonstrate that clustering techniques are effective for supporting population density mapping and identifying spatial data distribution patterns relevant to regional decision-making. The study contributes to demographic and regional development research by synthesizing recent evidence on the role of data mining in population density mapping and providing a reference for future studies on spatial demographic analysis.
The Influence of TikTok Social Media Use on Improving the Understanding of Fiqh in the Thaharah Chapter of Grade VII Students of MTs Al-Ihsan Kalijaring Jombang Pingkan Rosi Yusnita; Aufia Aisa; Dian Kusuma Wardani
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.10193

Abstract

Although digital media in Islamic religious education has received considerable scholarly attention, limited studies have specifically examined the use of TikTok social media to improve junior secondary students’ understanding of the thaharah chapter in fiqh. This study aims to examine the effect of TikTok content use on improving students’ understanding of thaharah and to describe students’ responses to its use as a learning medium. A quantitative experimental approach was employed, involving 50 Grade VII students of MTs Al-Ihsan Kalijaring Jombang selected through total sampling. Data were collected through pre-tests, post-tests, and a Likert-scale student response questionnaire. The instruments were tested for validity using Pearson product-moment correlation and for reliability using Cronbach’s Alpha. Because the data were not normally distributed, as indicated by the Shapiro–Wilk test (p < 0.05), hypothesis testing was conducted using the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test. The findings show that TikTok use significantly improved students’ understanding, with the mean score increasing from 41.00 in the pre-test to 76.80 in the post-test, representing an increase of 35.80 points or 87.32%. The Wilcoxon test produced an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000 < 0.05, while the N-Gain score reached 0.60, indicating a moderate level of improvement. The study concludes that TikTok is effective as an alternative learning medium for thaharah material. These findings contribute to Islamic education by demonstrating the potential of audiovisual social media content to support students’ conceptual understanding and provide practical implications for teachers in developing innovative digital learning media aligned with Generation Z’s learning characteristics. Future research may extend this study through longitudinal designs and broader samples.
The Effect of Fixed Target and Moving Target Training Methods on Badminton Smash Performance at PB Muda Mandiri M. Risky Novji Tiara; Tjung Hauw Sin
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.10195

Abstract

Badminton smash accuracy is an important concern in athlete training because the smash is one of the most decisive attacking techniques for gaining points during a match. However, limited research has examined the use of fixed target and moving target training methods to improve smash performance among young athletes at PB Muda Mandiri. This study aims to analyze the effect of fixed target and moving target training methods on badminton smash performance. A quantitative approach was employed using a quasi-experimental design, involving 10 male badminton athletes selected through purposive sampling from a total population of 25 athletes at PB Muda Mandiri. Data were collected using a badminton smash performance test and analyzed through the Lilliefors normality test and t-test at a significance level of α = 0.05. The findings indicate that fixed target and moving target training methods significantly improved badminton smash performance. The average pre-test score was 12, while the average post-test score increased to 20 after the treatment. Hypothesis testing showed that t-count = 4.57 was higher than t-table = 1.833, indicating that the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. The study concludes that fixed target and moving target training methods play an important role in enhancing badminton smash performance. These findings contribute to the development of badminton training methods by demonstrating the effectiveness of structured target-based exercises in improving smash accuracy. Practically, the study recommends that coaches integrate fixed target and moving target exercises into technical training programs, while future research should involve larger samples, control groups, and additional performance indicators such as smash speed, power, and match effectiveness.
The Role of the Social Affairs Office in Improving the Social Welfare of the Elderly through the Shelter Home Program in Solok City Nofriadi Eka Putra; Afriva Khaidir
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.10196

Abstract

Population ageing has become a major social welfare issue requiring responsive local government intervention, particularly for neglected elderly people. However, research on the institutional role of local Social Affairs Offices in improving elderly welfare through shelter home programs remains limited, especially in Solok City. This study aims to analyze the role of the Solok City Social Affairs Office in improving elderly social welfare through the Istana Lansia Serambi Madinah Shelter Home Program and to identify obstacles in its implementation. A qualitative approach with a descriptive case study design was employed, involving eight informants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that the Social Affairs Office performs three main roles: regulator, facilitator, and change agent. These roles are reflected in policy implementation, provision of basic services, temporary accommodation, health assistance, social and spiritual guidance, psychosocial support, and encouragement of elderly social participation. However, program implementation remains constrained by limited budget, inadequate facilities, insufficient professional assistants, and the absence of sustainable empowerment programs. The study concludes that strengthening institutional capacity is essential to improve elderly welfare services in Solok City. These findings contribute to social welfare studies by demonstrating the strategic role of local government institutions in elderly social protection and provide practical implications for improving shelter-based welfare services through stronger budgeting, facility development, professional staffing, and sustainable empowerment programs.
استراتيجيات تخطيط تعليم النحو في البرامج غير الرسمية: دراسة حالة في برنامج الإيمان بسورابايا Achmad Riyadi; Musta’in Musta’in
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.10201

Abstract

This study examines the challenges facing Arabic grammar instruction in non-formal educational environments, where it is often viewed as a difficult and rigid subject due to the dominance of traditional methods that focus on rote memorization of rules without linking them to linguistic context, resulting in weak understanding and low learner motivation. The study aims to analyze instructional planning strategies for teaching grammar in the Al-Iman Specialized Program in Surabaya City by focusing on how learning objectives are formulated, materials are selected, teaching methods are applied, instructional media are used, and the learning process is evaluated. The study adopted a qualitative method using a case study design, with data collected through classroom observation, semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and a questionnaire in order to develop a comprehensive understanding of instructional practices within the program. The results showed that the program is characterized by a flexible learning environment and a level-based system, with learning objectives focused on understanding texts and applying rules in their contexts. It was also found that instructional materials are adapted and organized progressively, and that teaching methods combine the inductive approach with traditional methods. The program also uses both traditional and digital instructional media, in addition to continuous and final assessment methods. The results further revealed clear integration among the components of instructional planning. The study concludes that the effectiveness of grammar instruction is closely related to the quality of instructional planning and the integration of its elements, and that combining traditional and modern methods contributes to improving learners’ understanding and reducing the difficulty they experience in grammar. The study emphasizes the need to develop instructional planning strategies in non-formal environments by enhancing interactive learning, expanding the use of technology, activating cooperative learning, and training teachers to design integrated instruction. It also recommends that future quantitative studies be conducted to measure the impact of these strategies on students’ achievement in grammar.
The Legitimacy of Religion and Power: A Study of the Transformation of the Safavid Dynasty from Order to State Ahmad Zaim Muchlisi A’la; Fadil SJ
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.10208

Abstract

This study analyzes the transformation of the Safavid Dynasty from a Sufi order into an institutionalized state, with religious legitimacy positioned as a central factor in the formation and consolidation of political power. It aims to demonstrate that religion functioned not only as a belief system but also as a strategic instrument for establishing authority within a premodern socio-political context. This study employed a qualitative approach with a historical-analytical design, using secondary data derived from classical works, academic books, and journal articles. The analysis was conducted using Max Weber’s theory of legitimacy and a political theology approach. The findings indicate that, in its early phase, the Safavid Order relied on religious charismatic authority. Over time, this authority developed into a more structured political power system, particularly under the leadership of Ismail I. The establishment of Twelver Shiism as the official state ideology became a key factor in fostering social integration, strengthening political legitimacy, and shaping a distinctive collective identity. Religious legitimacy was not merely symbolic but was systematically institutionalized through educational, legal, and administrative structures, enabling the continuity of political stability despite internal and external challenges. The study concludes that the Safavid transformation demonstrates how religious legitimacy can operate as an integrative force linking spiritual authority, political structures, and social cohesion in the formation of a sustainable state. These findings contribute to historical and political theology studies by clarifying the role of religious legitimacy in the institutionalization of power in premodern Islamic governance.
Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attack Detection and Prevention in Educational Internet of Things (EIoT) Using a Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Approach Emmanuel Oche Onoja; Suleiman Muhammed Nasir; Adio Sabo Odah
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.9178

Abstract

The widespread adoption of electronic learning has made contemporary educational environments increasingly dependent on interconnected devices, enabling smart classrooms and remote monitoring systems. However, this technological advancement has also introduced substantial cybersecurity risks due to the vulnerabilities of unprotected, heterogeneous, and networked devices. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are among the most disruptive threats, as they can interrupt online classes, data access, and other educational services by flooding educational networks with illegitimate traffic. Existing signature-based DDoS detection mechanisms remain inadequate for Internet of Things (IoT) environments because of the dynamic nature of modern attacks and the resource limitations of connected devices. To address this challenge, this study proposed a hybrid deep learning model integrating Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) units, attention mechanisms, and incremental learning to enhance DDoS detection and prevention in Educational Internet of Things (EIoT) networks. The CNN layers were used to extract spatial features from network traffic, while the LSTM units captured temporal patterns and the attention mechanisms identified relevant traffic behavior. The incremental learning component employed geometric metrics to enable the model to capture previously unknown attack patterns. Experimental evaluation using the CIC-IoT2023 and BoT-IoT datasets showed that the proposed model achieved 99% detection accuracy for both known and emerging attacks in EIoT scenarios, supported by real-time traffic filtering and Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-based mitigation as prevention strategies. The model demonstrated strong adaptability, reduced false positives, and advanced AI-hybridized capabilities for DDoS detection and prevention in EIoT environments. These findings indicate that the proposed model is effective for detecting and preventing DDoS attacks against EIoT infrastructures and contributes to the development of adaptive cybersecurity solutions for technology-enhanced educational systems.
The Inflammatory Basis of Atherosclerosis: Current Understanding and Future Therapeutic Directions Asezebhobor Eseosa; Aluyor Abraham
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.9206

Abstract

Although atherosclerosis has increasingly been recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease, comprehensive reviews that integrate the inflammatory mechanisms underlying atherosclerotic progression remain limited. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on inflammation-driven pathways in atherosclerotic lesion development and evaluate the clinical relevance of targeting these pathways. A narrative review approach was employed through examination of experimental studies, pathological evidence, and clinical trials identified from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, with literature selected based on its relevance to inflammatory mechanisms in atherosclerosis. The findings indicate that endothelial inflammatory responses initiate lesion development by promoting immune cell infiltration into the vessel wall, while persistent immune activity accelerates plaque growth and disease progression. Clinical evidence further shows that targeted anti-inflammatory therapies, particularly IL-1β inhibition and colchicine, can significantly reduce cardiovascular events, although therapeutic responses vary across patient populations. These findings support the evolving paradigm of atherosclerosis as an immune-mediated disease and clarify the interplay between inflammation, lipid metabolism, and vascular pathology. The review concludes that inflammation represents a central and therapeutically relevant mechanism in atherosclerosis. Its contribution lies in advancing cardiovascular immunology literature while offering practical implications for clinicians and policymakers to prioritize inflammation assessment and consider anti-inflammatory strategies in high-risk populations. Future research should further examine context-specific inflammatory phenotypes, optimal intervention timing, plaque-specific biomarkers, and the integration of anti-inflammatory approaches with existing cardiovascular therapies.
Biodegradative Capability of Molecularly Identified Pseudomonas fluorescens Strains on Palm Oil-Polluted Soil Bukola Margaret Popoola; Ayooluwa Afelumo; Oyindamola John Samson
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.9251

Abstract

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is an important source of edible vegetable oil derived from the fruit mesocarp; however, oil extraction commonly generates wastewater and residues that may be discharged into the environment without adequate treatment. Because microorganisms can degrade organic contaminants in palm oil mill effluent and oil-contaminated matrices, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of Pseudomonas fluorescens for remediating palm oil-contaminated soil. Palm oil and P. fluorescens isolates were obtained from Fiditi Oil Mill and Ajayi Crowther University, respectively, in Oyo State, Nigeria. Uncontaminated soil, oil mill soil, and purposefully contaminated soil were used as experimental control samples, while four purposefully contaminated soil samples and four oil mill soil samples were treated with P. fluorescens under varying soil sterilization and tillage conditions. The isolate was identified using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, and a 12-week field bioremediation trial was conducted to assess microbial load and residual oil content. The 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed the isolate as P. fluorescens MN607218.1. Residual oil in tilled sterile purposefully contaminated soil decreased from 0.13 g on day 0 to 0.10 g by week 12, whereas the corresponding non-sterile soil showed a greater reduction to 0.07 g by week 12. These findings indicate that P. fluorescens can effectively degrade palm oil in contaminated soil, particularly under non-sterile conditions, and may serve as a promising microbial agent for environmental cleanup of palm oil-contaminated sites.
Molecular Characterization of Pathogenic Bacteria in Irrigation Water from Zamfarawa River Jega, Kebbi State, Nigeria Ibrahim Shehu; Ibrahim U. Fakai; Sadiya Adamu
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v4i2.9288

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the bacterial load and pathogenic bacterial contamination of irrigation water used in Zamfarawa Farms, Jega Town. A total of nine irrigation water samples were collected from three different farms. Bacterial enumeration was conducted using the standard plate count method, while coliform levels were estimated using the Most Probable Number (MPN) technique. Biochemical tests were performed for bacterial identification, and conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by agarose gel electrophoresis was used to confirm selected bacterial isolates. The overall mean bacterial count in the irrigation water samples was 5.7 × 10⁸ CFU/mL. Farm A recorded the lowest bacterial load, followed by Farm B, while Farm C showed the highest bacterial load. The occurrence data indicated that Salmonella typhi was the most frequently isolated bacterium from Zamfarawa River irrigation water, appearing in 78% of the samples, followed by Bacillus cereus at 22%. Coliform contamination was also detected, with MPN indices of 17 (95% CI: 5–46) in Farms A and C and 14 (95% CI: 4–34) in Farm B, exceeding the reported international standard of 1 log₁₀ CFU/mL. PCR results confirmed the presence of bacterial DNA fragments corresponding to Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, and Bacillus subtilis. These findings indicate that irrigation water in the study area was contaminated with pathogenic bacteria, likely associated with untreated wastewater, sewage-contaminated water supplies, untreated organic manure, and poor hygiene practices during farming activities. The study concludes that the use of contaminated irrigation water may represent an important route for the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms to agricultural produce and consumers. This study contributes to agricultural microbiology and public health by highlighting the need for routine microbial monitoring, improved wastewater management, and safer irrigation practices in vegetable production systems.

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