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SAINS MEDIKA : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN

sainsmedika
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Published by Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

ISSN : 20851545 EISSN : 2339093X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Sains Medika is journal of medicine and health, is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from Biomedical Sciences, Public Health, Clinical Sciences, and Medical Education to integrate researches in all aspects of human health. This journal publishes original articles, reviews article, and also interesting case reports.

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Articles 235 Documents

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Death in Patients with Regular Hemodialysis Due to CKD in RSUD Dr. Soedono Madiun Not Correlated to Various Risk Factors Lumaksono, Tulus; Rachmawati, Anisa; Marfianti, Erlina
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 8, No 1 (2017): June 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) indicated by the inability of the kidneys in maintaining homeostasis of the body.1 This causes the patient to undergo renal replacement therapy for life. Patients undergoing regular hemodialysis have a higher risk of death in the last 2 decades. The survival of hemodialysis patients is different because it is influenced by several factors, including age, sex, duration of hemodialysis, duration of hemodialysis and accompanying comorbid patients.Objective: To identify risk factors that affect mortality in patients with CKD undergoing regular hemodialysis.Method: This research is an observational research with case-control design. Research done in dr.Soedono Madiun Hospital in December 2016 with a sample size of 41 cases and 41 control. Data retrieved through the medical records of patients with CKD who undergo regular HD from January to November 2016. Data analysis was performed including analysis of univariate, Â bivariate analysis using chi-square test with 95% CI, 5% significance level (Î± = 0.05) and analysis multivariste using logistic regression.Results: There was no significant relationship between age (p = 0.23; OR = 1.78; 95% CI 0.68 to 4.64), gender (p = 0.623; OR = 1.24; 95% CI 0, 49 to 3.18), long live HD (p = 0.12; OR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.20 to 1.20), duration of HD (p = 0.81, OR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.34 to 2.28), hypertension (p = 0.21; OR = 0.44; 95% CI 0.12 to 1.61), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.17; OR = 1 , 83, 95% CI 0.75 to 4.47), hemoglobin level (p = 0.26; OR = 1.66; 95% CI 0.68 to 4.05) and intradialitik complications (p = 0.81 , OR = 1.11; 95% CI 0.44 to 2.80) with mortality in patients with CKD.Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between age, gender, length undergoing hemodialysis, duration of HD, hypertension, diabetes, hemoglobin, and complications intradialitik in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis in dr.Soedono Madiun Hospitals.Â Â

Ramadan Fasting, Health, and Autophagy: Is There any Relationship? Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 8, No 2 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Fasting, the voluntary abstinence from food intake for a certain period of time is a well-known practice in relation with spiritual purposes (Trepanowski, JF, 2010). Ramadan fasting (RF) is an obligation of Muslim across the world during the entire holy month of Ramadan. In this specified period, Muslim every day from dawn to dusk are prohibited to eat, drink, and sexual relation, by which Muslim seek an enhanced level of closeness to God (Alloh). This testament is referenced in the verse of Al Baqoroh 183 of Holy Qurâ€™an: â€œO you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you, as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become righteousâ€. In addition to closeness, RF in the Islamic perspective also believed capable of improving human health as prophet of Mohammad (peace be upon him) said that â€œfasting makes you healthierâ€. However, to the benefit of RF during the entire month of Ramadan on health remain circumstantial. There is germane question regarding RF, whether or not RF can elicit benefits or otherwise will compromise health status and physical activity performances in fasted people, considering total calorie and fluid intake were reduced (Aziz AR, et al. 2012; Bouhlel E, et al. 2006). Accordingly, in the last two decades, the health effects of RF have recently been the subject of scientific research, not only in health outcome (Trepanowski, JF, 2010; Moro T, et al. 2016), but also in exercise performance (Aziz AR, et al. 2012).

Infection Prevention Behavior of Salon Service Giver in Region Semarang Municipality Lestari, Tri Wiji; Indriyawati, Nina; Ulfiana, Elisa
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 5, No 2 (2013): July-December 2013
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Infectious disease ranks first in the cause of morbidity in the developing countries including Indonesia especially in the eastern part of Indonesia. One of theleading infectious disease is hepatitis B that ranks ninth in the most leading cause of death. There are various cause of the spread of the disease includinglack of understanding in the infection measures including by the service giver of salon. Infection prevention behavior was caused by its service salon. Thepurpose of this study was to know the behavior in preventing infection of salon service giver in Semarang municipality. The study was a cross sectionalstudy, the independent variables were age, education, knowledge, attitude, infrastructure, supervisor support, and attitudes of service giver friend. Whilethe dependent variable was the behavior in the infection prevention measures. The sample was 50 salon service giver conducted with a purposive samplingmethod. The data analysis used chi-square and logistic regression. The result showed that there was a relationship between age, education, service giverfriend and infection prevention behavior, but there was no relationship between knowledge, attitude, infrastructure, supervisor support and infectionprevention behavior. The most influencing factor in infection preventing behavior was partner support of salon service giver (p=0,0002;OR =45.5). It isrecommended that salon owner provide tools used in accordance with the requirements/number of customers and make sure that to always take steps toprevent infections such as using schort, gloves.

Allium Sativum, Hylocereus Polyrhizus And Its Combination Effectiveness On Lipid Profiles And Number Of Foam Cells In Rats With Dyslipidemia Aisah, Wipi Sari; Sumarawati, Titiek; Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 10, No 1 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

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Introduction: garlic extract (Allium sativum) and red dragon fruit extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) have been used to improve lipid profile. Objective: to determine the effectiveness between garlic, red dragon extracts, and its combination on lipid profile and number of foam cells.Methods: experimental study with a pre-test post-test control group design. Twenty five Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: Group (Sim-G); Group II (BP-84), Group III (BN-84), Group IV (B P-BN), Group V (negative Control /Neg-G). All rats were fed a high cholesterol diet to induce dyslipidemia. On day 28, blood samples were taken for lipid profile evaluation. After termination, aortic blood vessels were subjected to foam cell evaluation.Results: Post hoc test showed a significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDLc, Triglyceride and increase in HDLc in the treated groups compared to the negative control group (p<0.05. Mann Whitney test showed a significant differences in the number of foam cell in Sim-G, Gar-84, RD-84, dan Gar-RD compared to the Neg-G. There was a significant reduction in TC, LDLc, TG, and increase in HDLc in RD-84 compared to Gar-84 and Gar-RD. Foam cells number in Gar-RD insignificantly differ from Sim-G, p>0.05.Conclusion: Red dragon fruit extract was more effective to lower lipid profiles compared to garlic extract. The combination of red dragon and garlic extract was more effective to reduce the number of foam cells compared to the extract of red dragon fruit and garlic extract alone.

Infective Endocarditis in 60 Years Old Man at Dr. Kariadi Hospital Wahyutomo, Ridha
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 5, No 1 (2013): January-June 2013
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Infective endocarditis is an infection of the lining of the heart, particularly the cusps of valves characterized by fever and heart murmur, with or without malaise and fatigue. Clinical features can be divided into early manifestations of infection, embolic events, and late complications of sepsis and inflammation. It was reported that 60 years old man was brought to Kariadi hospital with prolong febris as his chief complaint. Patient has history of high grade fever and accompanied by weight loss, 3 kilograms for about 2 months. From physical examination result, in internal ward, we found he looked moderate ill. Heart systolic bruit at triscupidal valve and lungs were within normal limit. The result of blood culture from 3 different sites and throat swab culture were possitive, lead to the performance Streptococcus b haemolyticusâ€™s colonies. From the result of the ASTO, Echocardiography and physical examination show infective endocarditisâ€™s sign. The theraphy was Ceftriaxone 2 gram daily. Having obtained the results of negative cultures, and show an improvement of symptoms, finally the patient was getting improvement clinically and then treat as an outpatient. Patient was programmed to get Ceftriaxone 2 gram daily for 4 weeks. The decision of treatment not only from clinical manifestation but also from microbiology examination on the first admission in emergency unit. Blood culture with 3 bottles, interval 30 minutes is important for infective endocarditis. Furthermore, swab of throat area were taken to confirm for endocarditis cultures too. Finally there is no growth in culture until eighth day hospitalizasition. Spesific method on blood culture sampling is important to confirm the diagnostic of infective endocarditis and very useful for the clinicians to do the right clinical management for it. Subsequently, the role of clinical microbiologist in this case not only to support the clinical diagnostic but also the treatment in term of selecting of right antibiotic.

The Effect of Administration of Longan (DimocarpusLonganL Steud)Leaf Extract Cream on Collagen Density and MMP-1 Expression in the Dermis of BALB/C Mice Exposed to UV-B Rays Maryam Mulyaningsih, Ruri Eka; Hussaana, Atina; Chodidjah, Chodidjah
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 10, No 2 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

INTRODUCTION: UV-B exposure to the skin may produce ROS, decreasing collagen density and increasing MMP-1 expression. Longan leaf extract cream contains antioxidant and is expected to prevent decrease in collagen density and MMP-1 expression increase.OBJECTIVE: The research aims at administering longan leaf extract cream to increase collagen density and decrease MMP-1 expression in BALB/c mice exposed to UV-B rays.METHODS: This experimental research employed a Post Test Only Controlled Group Design. The subjects were 24 BALB/c mice, which were randomly divided into 4 groups. The Control Group (Ctr-G)was only administered with basic cream and exposed to UV-B rays, while Groups DLS-3, DLS-6, and DLS-13were respectively administered with longan leaf extract cream at doses 3.25%, 6.5% and 13% and exposed to UV-B rays for 4 weeks at a dose of 1 MED. On day 29, a tissue excision biopsy was performed to determine the collagen density and MMP-1 expression. The collagen density preparations were made using Massonâ€™s Trichome staining and MMP-1 preparations were made using immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: Kruskalwallis analysis showedstatistically no significant differences in collagen density and MMP-1 expression between groups(p value> 0.05).CONCLUSION: Administration of longan leaf extract cream at doses of 3.25%, 6.5% and 13% had proven unable to increase collagen densitynor decrease the MMP-1 expression significantly after UVB exposure.

Errors in Interpretation of Gram Stain in The First Notification from Positive BACTEC Blood Cultures in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of Dr. Kariadi Hospital Maryani, Maryani; Sari, Desvita; Wahyutomo, Ridha; Masfiyah, Masfiyah
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Background: Blood cultures in conjunction with the initial Gram stain of positive cultures have often been considered the Ã¢â‚¬Å“gold standardÃ¢â‚¬Â for the diagnosis of bacteremia. When blood cultures turn positive, the attending physicians are usually notified immediately about Gram stain findings. However, information on the accuracy of Gram staining is very limited. We examined the error of preliminary blood culture reports provided by a local laboratory in an observational study.Design and Method: This was an observational study with a cross sectional approach. In this study, 369 blood cultures were examined. The positive blood cultures (135 samples) were then examined by Gram stain. Blood cultures handled on Bactec 9050, while the Gram stain was done in standard procedure Gram. Interpretation errors of Gram stain were confirmed by cultures result.Result: During one month (April 2011) we examined 369 blood cultures which 135 are positive (36.5%). Positive blood cultures were misread for 6 (4.4%) of 135 patients, they were two read as gram positive cocci had gram negative organisms by culture which were Acinetobacter baumannii, one read as gram positive bacilli had gram negative bacilli by culture which was Klebsiella pneumoniae. One isolate read as gram negative bacilli had gram positive bacilli which was Bacillus species, while two sample read as gram negative bacilli only had polymicrobial by culture, of these one isolate grew to be Enterobacter aerogenes and Staphylococcus aureus and the other were Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter spp.Conclusion: The overall 4.4% error rate of misinterpreted Gram stains from positive blood culture bottles is relatively high, so laboratory professionals and clinical microbiologist must be aware of the potential types of error that occur (Sains Medika, 4(1):23-29).

Prevalence of Influenza Viruses (Influenza Like Illness) In Regional Laboratory Avian Influenza Semarang Wahyutomo, Ridha; Ciptaningtyas, V. Rizke; Hadi, Purnomo
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 3, No 2 (2011): Juli-Desember 2011
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Background: Influenza is the major health threat worldwide causing illness and death every year. However, data on the epidemiology of influenza in tropical countries, including Indonesia, are still limited. Up dated data for its prevalence is needed to monitor its spreading and to evaluate its outbreak. Therefore a working regional laboratory in surveillance of ILI (Influenza Like Illness) was formed. This research was conducted to provide updated data on prevalence of ILI in regional laboratorium avian influenza Semarang.Design and Method: Data from patients examined in the regional laboratory of avian influenza Semarang from April 2009 until December 2010 was collected. Samples were obtained from Malang sentinel, Yogyakarta sentinel and Semarang sentinel. Samples were examined using PCR to detect influenza A, influenza B, and swine flu.Result: out 1367 patients tested, 279 patients (20.41%) were from Yogyakarta sentinel, 619 patients (45.28%) were from Malang sentinel, and 467 patients (34.16%) were from Semarang sentinel. Flu A virus was detected in 117 patients (8.5%). Influenza B virus was found in 39 patients (2.8%). H1 virus was detected in 5 patients (0.36%). H3 virus was detected in 45 patients (3.29%). Swine flu virus was detected in 3 patients in Malang.Conclusion: The highest prevalence of flu A and flu B examined in avian influenza regional laboratory Semarang was from Semarang sentinel, followed by Yogyakarta sentinel and Malang (Sains Medika, 3(2):157-161).

Fostering Medical Studentsâ€™ Leadership and Team Building Skills and Respect toward Other Health Profession through Inter-Professional Education Analysis of Its Possible Application in Indonesian Medical Schools Lestari, Endang
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 3, No 1 (2011): Januari-Juni 2011
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Inter-professional learning is becoming a very hot issue in medical education field in Indonesia nowadays. Many medical faculties carried out discussions about this topic to consider the possibility to apply the method of learning in their own faculties. This writing is a critical review of an article concerning multiprofessional learning in medical field and an analysis of its possible implications to improve the quality f medical education in Indonesia (Sains Medika, 3(1):89-101).

The Correlation between Medical Personnel’s Attitude and Pap Smear Examination Practice at Islamic Sultan Agung Hospital Semarang Zulaikhah, Siti Thomas; Surani, Endang; Anggorowati, Eka Norma
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1 (2016): January - June 2016
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Introduction: Cervical cancer is still ranked in the first place of those diseases most commonly developing in Indonesian women. It is predicted that 41 new cases occur every day, and around 20 people every day pass away of it. Cervical cancer keeps increasing because the coverage of screening through pap smear examination is low. Objective: This research aims at discovering the correlation between medical personnel’s attitude and practice of pap smear examination at Rumah Sakit Islam Sultan Agung (RISA) Semarang. Methods: The study is observational research using cross sectional design with a sample of 38 medical personnel taken randomly from 273 personnel as its population in RISA Semarang. The data are taken using questionnaire and interview with respondents, and the obtained data are analyzed using univariate and bivariate tests, using chi-square test, at a significance level < 0.05. Result: the percentage of medical personnel having regular pap smear practice is higher in medical personnel with good attitude (66.7%) compared to those with poor attitude (17.6%). The data analysis using Chi Square statistic test indicates a significant difference, p = 0.003.Conclusion: the results of this reseach show that pap smear is more commonly done by those medical personnel with good attitude than those with poor attitude

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