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Occupational Health Hazards on Tobacco Farm Workers: A Systematic Review Fakhriya, Dina; Widayanti, MPH., Apt., Ph.D., Anna Wahyuni; Wiedyaningsih, Chairun
Academic Hospital Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ahj.v7i2.106781

Background: Tobacco farm workers are exposed to numerous occupational health hazards, involving chemical, biological, and physical concerns. These hazards can cause acute and chronic health problems, affecting workers’ well-being and productivity. Objective: This systematic review aims to integrate available information on occupational health hazards among tobacco farm workers, identify important risks, and provide feasible mitigation techniques. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Scopus, ScienceDirect, and PubMed for studies published between 2015-2023. Inclusion criteria comprised reviewed articles focusing on occupational health hazards among tobacco farm workers. Studies were screened, and data were extracted according to PRISMA guidelines. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) were used to assess quality for the Critical Appraisal Tool. Results: This review found five studies that highlighted major health hazards, such as green tobacco sickness (GTS) caused by nicotine exposure, pesticide poisoning, respiratory problems, musculoskeletal disease, and cancer. Risk factors include extended exposure, a lack of protective equipment, and poor working conditions were frequently noted. Preventive strategies, such as the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), education programs, and government policies, must be prepared. There are research gaps in long-term health impacts and gender-specific concerns among tobacco farm workers. Conclusion: Tobacco workers face several occupational health hazards, including green tobacco sickness (GTS), pesticide exposure, respiratory illnesses, and ergonomic issues that require several interventions for prevention.

Tunneled Epidural Analgesia for Refractory Scrotal Cancer Pain: A Case-Based Evaluation of Therapeutic Efficacy Nur Azza, Kamala Kan; Tomo, Wahyu Kartiko; Darwito, Darwito; Puspitasari, Ika; Mahmud, Mahmud; Widyastuti, Yunita
Academic Hospital Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ahj.v7i2.109434

Background: Scrotal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is a rare malignancy. Although SCC typically demonstrates slow progression, in advanced stages with significant size, it can cause considerable pain due to mass effect and local tissue invasion. The management of cancer-related pain encompasses a wide spectrum of approaches, ranging from pharmacologic to surgical interventions. In cases where patients become intolerant to the side effects of pharmacologic therapies and adequate pain relief cannot be achieved, while surgical options are either not feasible, interventional pain management may offer an effective alternative. Tunneled Epidural Analgesia represents one such interventional technique that can be considered for refractory pain. This case report aims to evaluate the efficacy of tunneled epidural analgesia administration in managing intractable pain associated with advanced scrotal SCC.Materials and methods: This case report is structured according to the CARE (Case Report) guideline. The study was conducted at UGM Academic Hospital, where the patient received evaluation and treatment.Case: A 65-year-old male diagnosed with SCC presented experiencing refractory cancer pain. Despite receiving conventional analgesic therapy, he experienced no significant pain relief and developed adverse effects. Pain management was subsequently escalated to an interventional approach using a bupivacaine 0.125% and fentanyl 25 mcg administered via a tunneled epidural drug delivery system. This intervention resulted in effective pain control, enabling him to do daily activities. With this modality, the pain remained well managed, although occasional breakthrough pain occurred, which was successfully managed with 1% lidocaine as a rescue analgesic.Conclusion: Tunneled epidural analgesia using a combination of opioid and bupivacaine has demonstrated effectiveness in the management of refractory scrotal cancer pain.

Pulmonary Cryptococcosis due to Cryptococcus laurentii Co-infection with Miliary Tuberculosis in Adolescent Patient in Indonesia: Case Report Widyasari, Domas Fitria; Daniwijaya, M Edwin Widyanto; Siswanto, Siswanto; Wirastuti, Fita; Wibawa, Tri
Academic Hospital Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ahj.v7i2.110936

AbstractBackground: Non-neoformans cryptococci were previously considered to be saprophytes and nonpathogenic to humans. Cryptococcus laurentii is commonly found in the environment and pigeon feces and has been reported to be an emerging human fungal pathogen that causes infection in the immunocompromised host. Here, we report a unique case of pulmonary cryptococcosis coinfection with Miliary Tuberculosis.Case: A 14-years old adolescent underweight boy was admitted to the Emergency Unit with the chief complaint of fever, cough, chest pain, breathlessness, night sweats, malaise, and weight loss. He was referred from Public Health Center in Sleman Yogyakarta with Miliary Tuberculosis and consumed six weeks of fixed-dose combinations of the first-line anti-tuberculosis drug. Microbiology culture of good quality patient sputum revealed Cryptococcus laurentii along with Klebsiella oxytoca. The patient was diagnosed with Pulmonary Cryptococcosis. The patient's symptoms, especially fever and chest pain, were not improved by oral Fluconazole 200 mg treatment. However, he had an excellent response to Levofloxacin 500 mg during hospitalization and oral Fluconazole therapy at 400 mg/day for eight weeks. After eight weeks of Fluconazole treatment, the patient got well, and then Fluconazole was stopped. Anti-tuberculosis was treated for six months, and no recurrence was found.Conclusion: This article reports the rare pulmonary involvement of Cryptococcus laurentii in adolescent patients with Miliary Tuberculosis patient in Indonesia. A high degree of pulmonary mycosis suspicion and techniques improvement for respiratory specimen collection, culture, and identification contribute to early diagnosis and fungal infection treatment. In addition, interprofessional discussion can improve patient treatment and outcomes.

Analysis of Nutritional Value and Organoleptic Quality of Cookies Made From Sacha Inchi Nuts With A Combination Of Arrowroot Flour and Banana Flour As A Protein-Rich Food Yusmiyati, Yusmiyati; Lestari, Rina Tri; Lestari, Reni; Prastiwi, Nur Sinta Dwi; Aulia, Desi Dina
Academic Hospital Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ahj.v8i1.105749

Background: Cookies are a staple food alternative with rich nutritional characteristics. Cookies have a delicious taste and crunchy texture. Objective: To produce cookie products with a combination of sacha inchi flour, banana flour and arrowroot flour that are high in protein, omega-3, 6, and 9 and high in fibre that can be accepted organoleptically.Method: Experimental research with a Completely Randomised Design (CRD). The treatment consisted of substituting sacha inchi flour with a combination of flours (banana, arrowroot, and wheat) to produce Formulas 01A, 02B, and 03C. With acomparison of sacha inchi nuts at 30% in formula 01A, 40% in formula 02B, and 50% in formula 03C. The nutritional values tested included water content, ash content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate content, energy content, fibre content, total sugar content, and omega-3, 6, and 9 content. Organoleptic quality was tested using the Hedonic Test (preference test) with 30 consumer panellists who regularly consume cookies.Result: Based on the analysis of nutritional value (energy, fat, protein, carbohydrates, saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, omega-3, 6, 9) and organoleptic quality, sacha inchi beans have the potential to be used at 50% in the formulation of cookies. That is, the cookies made with formula Sacha inchi cookie products, combined with arrowroot and banana flours, are an alternative source of protein with high nutritional value and omega-9 fatty acids, offering health benefits.

Therapeutic Outcomes Associated with Augmented Renal Clearance in Trauma Patients of the ICU at UGM Academic Hospital Utami, Annafi' Nanda Rohmah; Puspitasari, Ika; Andayani, Tri Murti
Academic Hospital Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ahj.v8i1.107202

Background: Augmented Renal Clearance (ARC) occurs in intensive care units (ICUs) and results in increased drug clearance in critically ill patients. Trauma patients have a twofold higher risk of ARC. ARC can increase the risk of subtherapeutic drug dosing and therapeutic failure. This study aims to determine the characteristics of trauma patients with and without ARC and to investigate the association between ARC and therapeutic outcomes, including length of stay and clinical outcomes, in trauma patients admitted to the ICU at UGM Academic Hospital.Method: This study is an analytical observational study with a retrospective cohort design. The population in this study consists of adult patients diagnosed with trauma in the ICU at UGM Academic Hospital during the period from January 2021 - April 2024 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Descriptive analysis was used to examine the characteristics of trauma patients in the ICU, with results presented in tables as percentages and mean values. An independent t-test was used to determine the difference in length of stay (LOS) between patients with and without ARC. The Chi-Square test was conducted to assess the association between ARC and clinical outcomes.Result: The study population comprised 35 trauma patients in the ARC group and 49 in the non-ARC group. Both groups were predominantly male, with the mean age of trauma patients with ARC being younger (34.49 ± 13.38 years). ARC was characterised by lower serum creatinine levels and higher creatinine clearance. Trauma patients with ARC had a higher mean APACHE II score (9.69 ± 6.88) but a lower mean CCI score (0.54 ± 0.74). Trauma patients with ARC showed lower mean initial and final GCS scores (11.23 ± 4.12 and 11.63 ± 5.12, respectively). The mean leukocyte count in the ARC group was higher (16.57 ± 6.45 × 10³/µL), and the group had a higher infection rate (51.4%, n = 18). The mean LOS for trauma patients with ARC was longer (11.77 ± 15.35 days), but did not differ significantly from that of patients without ARC (p = 0.055). The number of trauma patients with ARC who did not show clinical improvement was significantly higher (28.6%, n = 10; p = 0.005).Conclusion: The mean LOS of trauma patients with ARC is longer, showing a tendency towards significance. ARC is associated with worse clinical outcomes in trauma patients in the ICU, as demonstrated by poor clinical outcomes in 10 patients.

Impact of Pharmacist Counseling Strategy On Adherence And Knowledge of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Quasi-Experimental Assessment Filliana, Ulfa -; Oktasari, Sholikhah Rosvita; Molidia, Sri Rahmat; Yasin, Nanang Munif; Kristina, Susi Ari
Academic Hospital Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ahj.v8i1.110980

Background: Chronic kidney disease is a progressive condition that requires proper management to slow the decline in kidney function and reduce the risk of complications. Patients with low adherence have an increased risk of kidney progression, and knowledge level plays an important role in the treatment of kidney patients and in collaborative treatment decision-making. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist counselling strategy on adherence and knowledge levels in CKD patients.Method: The method was quasi-experimental, with a pretest-posttest design, comparing the intervention and control groups. The intervention was carried out once a week for 1 month, using leaflets as a tool, with inclusion and exclusion criteria, among chronic kidney disease patients during September-October 2023.Result: The study included 57 patients: 29 in the control group and 28 in the intervention group. The result showed that in the intervention group, there was an increase in knowledge, with a difference between pretest and posttest scores of Δ 8.79±7.802, compared to the control group, which showed a decrease in scores of Δ -0,49±4,932 (p=0.000). Adherence in the intervention group increased by Δ 2,71±1,822 compared to the control group, while adherence in the control group decreased by Δ -0,44±1,152 (p=0.000). A contributing factor to the patient's level of knowledge and compliance was duration of hemodialysis, p=0.032.Conclusion: The conclusion was that the pharmacist counselling strategy significantly improved CKD patient knowledge and medication adherence, and that the duration of hemodialysis significantly contributed to CKD patients' knowledge.

Systematic Review: Pharmacists’ Level of Knowledge on Psychotropic Drug Administration Lestari, Yesi; Widayanti, Anna Wahyuni; Satibi, Satibi
Academic Hospital Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ahj.v8i1.111850

Background: Pharmacists play a crucial role in patient care, often serving as primary sources of medication information. Psychotropic drugs require careful management due to their impact on the central nervous system and potential risks. However, pharmacists' knowledge of psychotropic drug administration varies, with gaps identified in understanding specific psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and ADHD. Training and continuous education are essential to enhance pharmacists' competency in psychotropic pharmacotherapy. This study aims to assess pharmacists' knowledge and attitudes toward psychotropic medications and to identify areas for improvement to optimise mental healthcare services.Method: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA method, using literature from Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink. The inclusion criteria focused on studies published between 2020 and 2024 that examined pharmacists' knowledge and practices in the administration of psychotropic drugs. Six relevant articles were analysed.Result: The findings indicate that pharmacists generally have positive attitudes toward patients with mental health conditions. However, their knowledge of psychotropic medications, especially in terms of proper administration, side effects, and treatment adherence, remains insufficient. Key barriers include a lack of formal training, limited continuing education, and weak regulatory frameworks.Conclusion: To improve pharmacists' role in psychotropic medication management, structured training programs, stricter regulations, and continuous professional education are needed. These measures will enhance pharmacists' competency and improve patient outcomes in mental healthcare.

Diagnostic Accuracy of ELISA Compared to Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review Fuzianingsih, Eka Noviya; Sulistyasmi, Wiwit; Kuncara, Rachmad Bayu; Sulastri, Sulastri
Academic Hospital Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ahj.v8i1.112818

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan responsible for toxoplasmosis, a globally prevalent parasitic infection affecting more than one-third of the world’s population. Accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial, particularly for pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals, to prevent severe complications such as congenital toxoplasmosis and encephalitis. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is widely regarded as a reference serological method due to its high sensitivity and specificity. In contrast, rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) offer practical advantages but show variable diagnostic performance.Method: This systematic review evaluated and compared the diagnostic accuracy of ELISA and RDTs for toxoplasmosis. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar for studies published between 2015 and 2025. Eligible studies assessed the diagnostic performance of ELISA and RDTs for detecting T. gondii infection in human populations, including sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy.Result: Five studies met the inclusion criteria. Across diverse populations, ELISA consistently demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with sensitivity and specificity exceeding 90% in most studies. In contrast, RDTs showed lower performance and greater heterogeneity, particularly in individuals with low antibody titers and in immunocompromised individuals. Nevertheless, RDTs provided operational advantages for rapid screening in low-resource settings.Conclusion: ELISA remains the most reliable method for serological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis, while RDTs may serve as complementary tools for initial screening. The integration of both approaches, along with the adoption of advanced ELISA formats such as recombinant antigen-based or Nano-Gold ELISA, may improve early detection and enhance diagnostic capacity across different healthcare settings.

Comparison of TCB And Picterus Joundice Bilirubin Examination In Newborns at RSA UGM in 2025 Krismayanti, Dewi; Aidayasari, Nurul
Academic Hospital Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ahj.v8i1.114234

Background: One of the health problems often experienced by infants is jaundice neonatorum, which is a condition where bilirubin levels are above 10 mg%. Based on a study performed in the infant room at RSA UGM in December 2024, the incidence of newborns who are treated with phototherapy is more than 50%. Transepidermal Bilirubinometry is a non-invasive bilirubin screening tool for infants with a gestational age of more than 36 weeks and born after 24 hours, born by working with optical spectroscopy, with bilirubin in the skin. The jaundice screening device is certified for clinical use. A photo was taken and analyzed to display bilirubin levels within a few seconds (Product licence by Ministry of Health Number 20101323603).Objective: This study aims to determine whether there are differences in the results of bilirubin examination using Transcutaneous Bilirubinometry and Petechiae Jaundice.Method: This research involved newborns who were full-term or more than 37 weeks of gestation, had a birth weight of more than 2500 grams, and were at least 24 hours old.Result: This study was conducted at RSA UGM from April to July 2025. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling. Out of 42 participants, 23.8% had a gestational age of less than 38 weeks, 69% had a gestational age between 38 and 40 weeks, and 7.2 % had a gestational age of more than 40 weeks. From the data analysis of 42 newborns, the bilirubin levels using Transcutaneous Bilirubin had an average of 8.14 mg/dl. while the bilirubin levels using Picterus had an average of 7.90 mg/dl. Analysis using a paired sample T-test to compare the averages of two data groups showed a statistically significant difference. The results showed a significance value of 0.000 for the TCB Bilirubin and Picterus Jaundice test. The significance level for Picterus bilirubin is 0.000. A P value < 0.05 indicates that the results do not show a significant difference in measuring bilirubin using Picterus Jaundice and Transcutaneous Bilirubin.Conclusion: Picterus Jaundice can be used as an alternative method in screening or examining bilirubin in newborns.

Correlation of Glycated Albumin Levels and the Glycated Albumin/HbA1c Ratio with Diabetic Retinopathy Kusuma, Riswan Hadi; Windarwati, Windarwati; Mulyono, Budi
Academic Hospital Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ahj.v8i1.114306

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is one of the microvascular complications of Diabetic Mellitus (DM). Diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy based on clinical manifestations of retinal vascular disorders, assessed using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) severity scale. Fluctuations in blood glucose levels are thought to play a role in the progression of DM complications, and glycated albumin appears to reflect greater fluctuations in blood glucose levels. The aim of this study was to determine the difference and correlation between glycated albumin levels and glycated albumin/HbA1c ratio (GA/HbA1c ratio) with the degree of severity of diabetic retinopathy.Methods: The research design was cross-sectional. The subjects of the study were DM patients who were examined for glycated albumin, HbA1c, and GA/HbA1c ratio calculation, and for clinical examination of retinal vascular disorders using the ETDRS severity scale.Result : The median glycated albumin level in the non-diabetic retinopathy group was lower than the diabetic retinopathy group (18.8 vs 24.3; p=0.018), while the median GA/HbA1c ratio appeared to be lower than the diabetic retinopathy group but did not differ significantly (2.4 vs 3.4; p=0.238). The level of glycated albumin and the GA/HbA1c ratio did not appear to be linear with the severity of diabetic retinopathy. There was a significant weak positive correlation between glycated albumin levels and diabetic retinopathy (r=0.304; p=0.006), while the correlation between the GA/HbA1c ratio and diabetic retinopathy was not significant (r=0.218; p>0.176).Conclusion : There is a significant difference in glycated albumin levels between non-diabetic non-retinopathy and diabetic retinopathy. There is a significant positive correlation between glycated albumin levels and diabetic retinopathy. It needs further study with a larger sample and a balanced distribution of non-diabetic retinopathy and diabetic retinopathy groups to be used independently.

Home Page

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Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
Arif Faisal

Contact Email
academichospitaljournal@gmail.com

Phone
+62895413919029

Journal Mail Official
ahj.rsugm@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Kabupaten, Kranggahan I, Trihanggo, Kec. Gamping, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55291

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Arif Faisal

Contact Email academichospitaljournal@gmail.com

Phone +62895413919029

Journal Mail Official ahj.rsugm@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address Jl. Kabupaten, Kranggahan I, Trihanggo, Kec. Gamping, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55291

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Arif Faisal

Contact Email
academichospitaljournal@gmail.com

Phone
+62895413919029

Journal Mail Official
ahj.rsugm@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Kabupaten, Kranggahan I, Trihanggo, Kec. Gamping, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55291

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA