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Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences
Published by CBIROE Scientia Academy
ISSN : 28298314     EISSN : 28297741     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61435/jbes.xxx.xxx
Core Subject : Science, Social,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science
The Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences (p-ISSN: 2829-8314; e-ISSN: 2829-7741) co-published by the Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE) aims to foster interdisciplinary communication and promote understanding of significant bioresources and environmental issues. The journal seeks to promote research on all aspects pertaining to the identification, utilization, and conversion of bioresources into bioproducts and their impacts on the environment including the fate and behavior of emerging contaminants, bioresources utilization impact on the environment, human activity to environmental contaminants and their health effects, and environmental remediation and management. The journal publishes original articles, reviews, commentary, methods, case reports, and opinions that are of high quality, high interest, and far-reaching consequence. The journal was commenced in 2022 and publishes 3 issues per year (April, August, December)
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Ekologi
Articles 71 Documents
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Mass balance of nickel manganese cobalt cathode battery recycle process Handayani, Sri; Shahril, Wahyudi Isqi; Ismojo, Ismojo; Rahayu, Sri; Andrameda, Yurian Ariandi; Gumelar, Muhammad Dikdik; Yuliani, Hanif; Saputra, Dita Adi; Husin, Saddam
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 3, No 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : BIORE Scientia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/jbes.2024.19939

Abstract

Batteries made from lithium, nickel, manganese, and cobalt are widely used, especially in the electrical industry, because they have high specific capacity, high safety, and low production costs. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the consumption of batteries used for electric vehicles will increase from 8 million in 2019 to 50 million in 2025 and to 140 million in 2030. As a result, the waste produced is also increasing. This type of lithium ion battery (LIB) which contains heavy metal elements such as nickel, manganese and cobalt can be recycled. This research aims to calculate the mass balance of the recycling process for nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) battery cathodes.   The processing process begins with mixing, leaching, filtration, drying the results of the filtration process, molarity adjustment, Flame Assisted Spray Pyrolysis, and calcination. Based on the results of mass balance calculations for the NMC recycle battery cathode, the amount obtained was 43.427 kg/batch from 100 kg of cathode waste raw material. Apart from that, data was obtained on the metals that were successfully recycled, namely NiO, MnO, CoO, Fe2O3, MgO, Al2O3, Cr2O3, and Li2O. The research results provide information that NMC battery waste can be an opportunity for the NMC metal supply chain and can reduce environmental pollution.
Characterization of Edible Film Made from Glucomannan Konjac Flour Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Sorbitol as Plasticizer Satriadi, Hantoro; Widayat, W; Jonfita, Bernike Vemmialia; Listyawijayanti, Nabilla Salma
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : BIORE Scientia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/jbes.2024.19946

Abstract

Edible film is a thin layer for primary packaging of food consisting of consumable components. In general, the purpose of this research is to examine the mechanical and physical properties of edible film in the influence of the addition of PVA and sorbitol as plasticizers and get the best edible film characteristics to be used as food packaging materials. The weight variations of porang flour used were 5 grams, 6 grams, 7 grams, 8 grams, and 9 grams. With sorbitol volume of 1 ml, 2 ml, and 3 ml, 4 ml, and 5 ml, and PVA mass of 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, and 7% (b/v). The drying operation temperature was 40oC, 50oC, 60oC, 70oC, 80oC and the drying time was 12 hours and 24 hours. Then the thickness test, mechanical test, water resistance and solubility test, water vapor transmission test, and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) analysis were analysed. The best results are with variations of porang flour 6 grams, sorbitol 5 ml, PVA 5%, drying temperature 40℃, and drying time for 12 hours. The more sorbitol is added, the thickness, water resistance, water solubility, and elongation of the edible film will increase. The addition of konjac flour increases the thickness, water resistance, water solubility, tensile strength, and elongation of the edible film. However, it is inversely proportional to the water vapor transmission of edible film which has decreased.
Spatial Analysis of Slope, Wind Direction, and Wind Speed in the Environmental Science Master’s Field Laboratory in Forest Areas with the Special Purpose of Wanadipa, Diponegoro University Pradana, Anggara Apriyan; Maryono, Maryono; Muhammad, Fuad
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : BIORE Scientia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/jbes.2024.19948

Abstract

Higher Education institutions play an important role in the development of Science and Technology. They are supported by adequate facilities for carrying out educational activities, research, and innovation development through Special Purpose Forest Areas (KHDTK/Kawasan Hutan Dengan Tujuan Khusus). KHDTK is a forest area designated by the government for public purposes such as research and development, education and training, and religion and culture, the management of which is given to customary law communities, educational institutions, research institutions, and social and religious institutions. The research aims to identify wind direction, wind speed, and slope. This research uses a quantitative approach with the instruments of ArcGIS and Google Earth Pro and the analysis technique of WRPlot.The research results show that the wind speed and direction in 2023, between January and March, in the Undip MIL Field Laboratory area was strong, most of which blew from the northwest. In April, the wind speed decreased, and the direction of wind gusts changed starting from the south. Stable conditions were shown between May and December, with an average wind speed of 2.7 m/s and some wind gusts coming from the southeast. Moreover, the MIL UNDIP Field Laboratory has three types of slope classes: flat, gentle, and wavy slopes, with a value of 6.6%, 13.3%, and 20%, respectively.
Kinetic features and characterization of liver glutathione transferase in rats exposed to glyphosate Oyewole, Olawale Moses; Dosumu, Oluwatosin Adebisi; Idowu, Olusegun Mark Obafemi; Atere, Tope Gafar; Adeosun, Abiola Muhammad; Akinloye, Oluseyi Adeboye
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : BIORE Scientia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/jbes.2024.19940

Abstract

Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are phase-II metabolizing enzymes which detoxify various compounds through their conjugation reaction. This study characterized and investigated the kinetic properties of liver glutathione-S-transferase in rats exposed to glyphosate. Rats of average weight 200 g were randomly divided into groups (n=4); A, B, C and D. Group A served as control and received distilled water alone while groups B, C and D were exposed to 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg body weight of glyphosate respectively. Three GST model substrates [1, 2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (DCNB), paranitrobenzylchloride (pNBCl), and 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB)] were used to determine the substrate utilization pattern of the GST isozymes in the liver crude homogenate. The liver homogenate was purified by combination of 80 % ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration chromatography on Sephacryl S-200 column and ion exchange chromatography on CM-Sepharose column. Spectrophotometric methods were used to determine the activity of the GSTs and protein concentration. GST isozymes in the liver homogenate were unable to conjugate pNBCl to GSH, DCNB showed slight conjugation while CDNB shows a 2-fold conjugation. The optimum temperature for the induced isozymes of GST A and GST B were 400C and 500C respectively while the optimum pH were 8.0 and 8.5 respectively. In this study, pNBCl proved unsuitable due to its inability to conjugate GSH. Future study may provide additional information about the class of GST isozyme induced.
Physico-Chemical Properties and Bacteriological Analysis of Mangrove Water from Mangrove Forest of Gbaramatu Kingdom Delta, Nigeria Mohammed, Abdulganiyu Galadima; Udebuani, Angela Chika; Okechi, Reuben Nwoye
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : BIORE Scientia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/jbes.2024.19942

Abstract

Mangrove water is habitat for aquatic organisms and is important for water supply, transportation, agricultural and industrial activities. This study aims at evaluating the physico-chemical properties of mangrove water from the mangrove forest of Gbaramatu Kingdom Warri South West LGA, Delta State, Nigeria. The physical and chemical properties of the mangrove water sample were determined using standard methods of AOAC, APHA, and ASTM. Enumeration of total heterotrophic bacteria in the mangrove water sample was evaluated by colony‐forming units (CFU) method. Bacterial isolates were identified and characterized by colony and morphology characteristics, microscopic examinations and biochemical tests. The mangrove water demonstrated 33 °C, 8.3, 35.63 NTU, 23915.53 µS/cm, 2213.13 mg/L, 10411.99 mg/L, 38.40 mg/L, 18545.11 mg/L, 5.40 mg/L, 18.51 mg/L, and 52.00 mg/L mean value of temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity, salinity, TH, TSS, TDS, DO, BOD, and COD, respectively. The concentration of total alkalinity, bicarbonate, chloride, sulphates, phosphate, and nitrate in the mangrove water were 142.15 mg/L, 110.05 mg/L, 349.97 mg/L, 78.05 mg/L, 1.50 mg/L, and 0.07 mg/L, respectively. The mangrove water sample contains high significant number of heterotrophic bacteria. The values of physical and chemical parameters in the mangrove water sample are above the recommended values by WHO for domestic use.
The development of ozone-filtration using green mussels shells for laundry wastewater treatment Ichlasia, Amira Liontina; Althafunnisa, Azzahra Shakayla; Sheridia, Cheryl; Nugroho, Kinanthy Ayudia Putri; Adelia, Zameera; Ulya, Himmatul; Astari, Putri Dyah; Baihaqi, Rifqi Ahmad
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : BIORE Scientia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/jbes.2025.19956

Abstract

This study explores the potential of green mussel shells as a filtration medium for treating laundry wastewater. The research evaluated the effects of ozonation as a pre-treatment step and compared two filtration reactors, reactor one (R1) without green mussel shells and reactor two (R2) using green mussel shells. In this filtration system, hydrostatic force is used due to its reliability in determining the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream sides of the reactors. Treated wastewater samples were collected every 5 minutes to be analyzed. Several important water quality parameters are monitored, including pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and dissolved oxygen (DO). The odor and color of the laundry wastewater were also observed. Results showed the effectiveness of green mussel shells in improving wastewater quality, particularly in neutralizing pH, reducing COD, and increasing DO. The results of linear regression calculations showed that in R2, the pH decreased by around 26%, the COD concentration decreased by 76%, and the greater increase in DO was 118% from the concentration without treatment. This research showed that green mussel shells in R2 have the potential to be used as a filtration element to treat laundry wastewater as a sustainable solution, addressing both environmental pollution and water quality challenges.  
Treatment of Cheese Whey and Bioelectricity Generation in MFCs as Substitute Source of Energy in Wastewater Gadima, Shetaya Bawa; Ukanwa, Sunday Onyebuchi; Olaifa, Joshua Tunde
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : BIORE Scientia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/jbes.2025.19947

Abstract

Renewable energy is a primary energy source that naturally replenishes itself over time. It is derived from various large-scale sources, including ocean tides, sunlight, rainfall, wind, biomass, and geothermal heat generated deep within the Earth. In 2008, about 19% of global energy consumption came from renewable sources, with approximately 13% from biomass and 3.2% from hydroelectric power. A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a reliable technology that generates electricity while removing contaminants from wastewater. The bacteria in the MFC's anode facilitate the breakdown of the substrate, producing electrons and protons through anaerobic respiration of the substrate. This research is based on finding a more effective means and technique for high production of electricity using MFCs as well as to ascertain the efficiency of MFCs in the treatment of Whey as a wastewater.  Methods such the APHA, photometric method, turbidometry and ascorbic acid methods were used to determine components like BOD, COD, TSS, phosphorus and sulphate contents respectively. Cheese whey shows promise for electricity generation in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) compared to other biomass sources. The highest voltage and current achieved with cheese whey were 56.8 mV and 5.68 mA, while the maximum current and power densities for MFC I were 0.339 mA/cm² and 19.2 mW/cm². In MFC II, peak voltage and current reached 73.7 mV and 7.37 mA, with a maximum current density of 0.44 mA/cm² and power density of 32.4 mW/m². This experiment showed efficient COD removal rates of 83.97% and 92.85% for MFC I and MFC II, respectively, and BOD₅ values of 61.95 and 73.95, indicating good biodegradability of the substrate, with BOD/COD ratios of 0.65 and 0.60.
Identification of variations in the onset of the rainy and dry seasons in Indonesia Adriat, Riza; Aprilina, Aprilina; Satyawardhana, Haries; Ihwan, Andi; Sutanto, Yuris
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : BIORE Scientia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/jbes.2025.19960

Abstract

In the equatorial region, Indonesia experiences distinct wet and dry seasons influenced by monsoon. The country's agricultural sector is highly susceptible to the impacts of climate change, including extreme weather events and shifting seasonal patterns due to global warming. This study aims to analyze variations in rainfall intensity and their effects on the onset of the seasons in Indonesia from 2001 to 2022. The research used GSMaP data, focusing on the area between 6° N - 11° S and 95° - 141° E. The start of the season was determined based on rainfall criteria from BMKG. The findings reveal significant changes in the onset of the rainy and dry seasons in regions such as Sumatra and Kalimantan, with the maximum change being 8 dasarian. The study also indicates that the rainy season during the 2012-2022 period is shorter compared to the 2001-2011 period, resulting in a longer dry season. Furthermore, the maximum standard deviation is 14 dasarian, allowing the season's start to shift by up to 14 dasarian annually in certain areas of Indonesia. ENSO can influence changes in the pattern of the start of the season.  
Review: Potential of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Waste to Become an Ultrafiltration Membrane for Clean Water Treatment Yoshi, Linda Aliffia; Nurhalizah, Fauziah Fitri; Daranova, Daranova; Hariansyah, Najwa; Enjarlis, Enjarlis; Ismojo, Ismojo; Handayani, Sri
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : BIORE Scientia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/jbes.2025.19953

Abstract

The potential of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as a raw material for membrane production has not been fully explored. OPEFB waste contains a relatively high cellulose content, a natural polymer that can serve as a precursor for plastic and membrane synthesis. Membranes are semi-permeable barriers commonly employed in applications such as clean water purification and liquid waste treatment. To utilize cellulose from OPEFB, it must first be converted into cellulose acetate (CA) via an acetylation reaction. Cellulose acetate is a biodegradable polymer known for its hydrophilic nature, high chemical stability, and mechanical strength, making it a widely used material in membrane technology. Moreover, CA is suitable as a matrix for developing nanocomposite membranes with enhanced performance characteristics. Membranes are typically fabricated using the phase inversion technique, involving solvents such as acetone or dimethylformamide (DMF). The resulting membrane properties—including morphology, porosity, and chemical interactions—depend on the choice of polymer and additives in the casting solution. Additives such as nano-silica and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are often incorporated to improve tensile strength, increase hydrophilicity, and control pore size distribution. Optimizing the composition ratios of cellulose acetate, solvent, and additives is essential to achieve desirable properties, particularly for ultrafiltration (UF) applications. OPEFB offers promising potential as a sustainable, renewable resource for producing UF membranes, supporting circular economy principles and waste valorization in environmental applications.
The Effect of Fallowing Time on Physical and Chemical Parameters of Soil in Shifting Agriculture in Lore and Tutuala, East Timor San de Oliveira, Elder Lerehopono; Hidayat, Jafron Wasiq; Muhammad, Fuad
Journal of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences Vol 4, No 3 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : BIORE Scientia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/jbes.2025.19952

Abstract

The shifting cultivation system is a traditional farming system that is commonly used by indigenous communities in Timor Leste until now. Lautem Regency, Timor Leste still has the habit of implementing a shifting cultivation system, namely by clearing a certain area of land by cutting down and burning the forest and then planting it with various food crops such as corn, upland rice, beans, cassava and others. The land will be used for 2-3 years and will be abandoned because the land is no longer productive and new land will be opened that is still productive. This causes natural disasters, such as landslides, reduced water sources, floods, reduced biodiversity and micro and macro nutrients, organic matter, soil pH. So there is a need for research regarding fallowing time and the chemical properties of soil in shifting farming systems. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of fallowing time on the nutrient content N, P, K in the soil, the level of soil acidity (pH), and EC and C-organics in the soil. The research was conducted in Lautem Regency, Timor-Leste and at the Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries of Timor Leste, carried out for two (2) months, namely in May and June 2022. The research used quantitative descriptive methods. Primary data collection is based on the needs and objectives of representing soil element data from each sample. Data obtained from the field is then analyzed in the laboratory to obtain quantitative data from each sample for analysis/comparison.  The research was conducted in two different areas, namely Lore and Tutuala sub-districts. There are differences in the nutrient content of N, P and K at each fallow age of the land with the highest results of N, P and K being the fallow age of the land more than 6 years. The results of the research show that the pH of the land in Lore and Tutuala Districts is from fallow age 3 to fallow age more than 6 years and months is still the standard for agricultural cultivation, namely the average pH is 6-7.2, while the EC cation exchange capacity is still relatively low, but the CEC (EC) is highest at fallow age 6 years, C - organic is classified as standard for agricultural land with the highest C - organic content at a fallow age of more than 6 years.

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