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FENOMENA: Journal of Social Science
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember
ISSN : 14125439     EISSN : 26567369     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35719/fenomena.v22i2
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Aims, Focus And Scope A. Aims: FENOMENA is a leading peer-reviewed and open-access journal, which publishes scholarly works of researchers and scholars from around the world and specializes in the Social Sciences. The journal also has a strong interest in the scientific development of theory that is of global significance. B. Focus: This journal focuses on publishing the highest quality scientific articles emphasizing contemporary Asian issues with interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches. C. Scope: This journal seeks to publish articles that deal with educational development, politics, law, humanities and cultural studies, and economic issues in Asia. Its scope consists of: 1. Education (Curriculums, Teaching, and Learning, Islamic Education, Educational Technology); 2. Politics (Structure and Agency in Social Dynamics, the Role of Government and Non-Governmental Organizations, Concepts and Practical Sociology, Islamic Politics, Government and Public Administration); 3. Law (Human Rights, Social Justice, Islamic Law, Criminal Law, International Relations, Civil Law, Constitutional Law, Customary Law); 4. Humanities and Cultural Studies (Cultural Studies as a Constitutive field, Religion Studies, Islamic Studies, Philosophy, Ethics, Consciousness, Cross-cultural studies, Theology, Psychology, Spirituality, Human Geography, Anthropology, Local Wisdom); 5. Economics (Business and Entrepreneurship, Management, Accounting, Public Finance, Economic Development, and Islamic Economics).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 450 Documents
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Pengembangan Ilmu Agama Islam Dalam Perspektif Filsafat Islam: The Development of Islamic Religious Sciences from the Perspective of Islamic Philosophy Syaiful, H.
Fenomena Vol 3 No 1 (2004): FENOMENA: Journal Penelitian STAIN Jember
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v3i1.346

Abstract

The gap between the advancement of modern science and technology and the development of Islamic religious thought is a critical issue that requires a robust philosophical foundation. This article examines how the philosophy of science can serve as a conceptual framework for developing Islamic religious knowledge and as a perspective underpinning such development in the present and future. This library research employs descriptive and comparative methods for data collection, along with content analysis to interpret the meanings embedded in various philosophical perspectives on the development of Islamic religious knowledge. The findings reveal that the philosophy of science significantly contributes to the development of Islamic religious studies through its three main pillars: ontology, epistemology, and axiology. In conclusion, the development of Islamic religious knowledge requires the ability to understand classical texts alongside mastery of alternative critical-analytical thinking, as well as an ethical-philosophical approach that integrates doctrinal and historical-sociological perspectives. Fenomena ketimpangan antara kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi modern dengan perkembangan pemikiran keagamaan Islam menjadi isu krusial yang memerlukan landasan filosofis yang kokoh. Artikel ini mengkaji bagaimana filsafat ilmu dapat menjadi kerangka konseptual dalam pengembangan ilmu agama Islam, serta peran filsafat ilmu sebagai perspektif yang mendasari pengembangan tersebut di masa kini dan mendatang. Penelitian kepustakaan ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan komparatif dalam pengumpulan data, serta analisis isi untuk menafsirkan makna dari berbagai pemikiran filosof tentang pengembangan ilmu agama Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa filsafat ilmu memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam pengembangan studi ilmu-ilmu keagamaan Islam melalui tiga pilar utama: ontologi, epistemologi, dan aksiologi. Kesimpulannya, pengembangan ilmu agama Islam memerlukan kemampuan memahami kitab-kitab klasik sekaligus penguasaan cara berpikir alternatif berbasis analisis kritis, serta pendekatan etis-filosofis yang mengintegrasikan pendekatan doktriner dan historis-sosiologis.
Gugus Kendali Mutu: Suatu Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Output STAIN Jember: Quality Control Circle: An Effort to Improve the Output Quality of the State Islamic College (STAIN) Jember Saifullah, Ali
Fenomena Vol 3 No 1 (2004): FENOMENA: Journal Penelitian STAIN Jember
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v3i1.347

Abstract

The low quality of graduates from Islamic higher education institutions, particularly STAIN Jember, is a critical issue, evident in some alumni's inability to teach Arabic, read the Qur'an, and pass civil service selection tests. This research addresses the problem map of financial, material, and human resource management, as well as lecturer competence and suboptimal learning systems. The objective is to analyze quality control circles from the perspectives of resource management, lecturer competence, and student learning activities. The study employs a qualitative case study design, collecting data through comprehensive interviews, participant observation, and documentation, and analyzes them descriptively and interpretively using data and method triangulation. Key findings indicate that financial resource management requires greater transparency, infrastructure must be renovated to incorporate technology-based learning media, lecturer competence absolutely needs development, and student learning activities should be directed toward scientific and intellectual patterns. The research concludes that an integrated and sustainable quality control circle is essential, with recommendations for improved management accounting, facility renovation, and the establishment of cross-departmental scientific forums and literary study groups. Fenomena rendahnya kualitas lulusan perguruan tinggi agama, khususnya STAIN Jember, menjadi isu krusial yang tercermin dari ketidakmampuan sebagian alumni dalam mengajar bahasa Arab, membaca Al-Qur'an, serta lulus ujian Calon Pegawai Negeri Sipil. Penelitian ini bertolak dari peta masalah pengelolaan sumber daya finansial, material, dan manusia, serta kompetensi dosen dan sistem pembelajaran yang belum optimal. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis gugus kendali mutu dalam perspektif pengelolaan sumber daya, kompetensi dosen, dan aktivitas belajar mahasiswa. Penelitian menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus, pengumpulan data melalui wawancara komprehensif, observasi partisipan, dan dokumentasi, serta dianalisis secara deskriptif interpretatif dengan triangulasi data dan metode. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan sumber daya finansial perlu peningkatan transparansi, sarana prasarana harus direnovasi berbasis teknologi, kompetensi dosen mutlak dikembangkan, serta aktivitas belajar mahasiswa perlu diarahkan pada pola ilmiah dan intelektual. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa gugus kendali mutu yang terpadu dan berkelanjutan sangat diperlukan, dengan rekomendasi peningkatan manajemen akuntansi, renovasi fasilitas, serta pembentukan forum kajian ilmiah dan kepustakaan lintas jurusan.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Dosen pada Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri Jember: Factors Influencing Lecturer Performance at the State Islamic College of Jember Tsauri, Sofyan
Fenomena Vol 3 No 2 (2004): FENOMENA: Journal Penelitian STAIN Jember
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v3i2.348

Abstract

The productivity of teaching staff determines the quality of higher education institutional outcomes, yet lecturer performance is often influenced by factors that have not been comprehensively mapped. Grounded in human resource management theory emphasizing motivation, ability, and work environment, this study examines the effects of education and training, work experience, rewards, and control on lecturer performance. A census of 60 lecturers at STAIN Jember was conducted, and data were analyzed using multiple linear regression in SPSS 10.00. The findings show that, together, the four independent variables account for 64.00% of the variance in lecturer performance, with work experience the most dominant factor (19.70%), followed by rewards (15.35%), education and training (9.70%), and control (4.73%). This study concludes that improving lecturer performance requires balanced attention to all four factors, particularly by leveraging experienced lecturers to mentor newer colleagues. It is recommended that university leaders expand access to training, establish non-financial reward systems, and foster a culture of continuous supervisor-subordinate guidance. Produktivitas tenaga pendidik menentukan kualitas capaian organisasi pendidikan tinggi, namun kinerja dosen seringkali dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor yang belum terpetakan secara komprehensif. Berlandaskan teori manajemen sumber daya manusia yang menekankan peran motivasi, kemampuan, dan lingkungan kerja, penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh pendidikan dan pelatihan, pengalaman kerja, penghargaan, serta kontrol terhadap kinerja dosen. Metode yang digunakan adalah sensus terhadap 60 dosen STAIN Jember dengan analisis regresi linier berganda melalui SPSS 10.00. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan keempat variabel bebas memberikan pengaruh sebesar 64,00% terhadap kinerja dosen, dengan pengalaman kerja menjadi faktor paling dominan (19,70%), diikuti penghargaan (15,35%), pendidikan dan pelatihan (9,70%), serta kontrol (4,73%). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa peningkatan kinerja dosen memerlukan perhatian berimbang pada keempat faktor tersebut, terutama pendayagunaan dosen berpengalaman untuk membina rekan sejawat yang lebih baru. Direkomendasikan agar pimpinan perguruan tinggi memperluas akses pelatihan, membangun sistem penghargaan non-finansial, serta membudayakan pembinaan atasan terhadap bawahan secara berkelanjutan.
Analisis Kesalahan Berbahasa: Studi tentang Penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia dalam Skripsi Mahasiswa STAIN Jember: Language Error Analysis: A Study on the Use of Indonesian in Undergraduate Theses of Students at the State Institute for Islamic Studies (STAIN) Jember Mislikhah, St.
Fenomena Vol 3 No 2 (2004): FENOMENA: Journal Penelitian STAIN Jember
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v3i2.349

Abstract

Proper use of Indonesian in academic writing, such as undergraduate theses, remains a challenge for students, as evidenced by numerous language errors in theses at STAIN Jember. This study underscores the importance of mastering standard Indonesian in formal academic writing. It aims to analyze errors in Indonesian usage in students’ theses, focusing on error fields, types, causes, and severity levels. A qualitative content analysis was employed, examining ten theses from 2003 and supported by interviews with students, Indonesian language lecturers, and thesis advisors. The findings reveal errors in four areas: spelling, word choice, sentence construction, and paragraph development. Most errors are local and stem from intralanguage errors, such as overgeneralization and incomplete rule application. The study recommends curriculum and instructional improvements based on error analysis to enhance students’ academic writing quality. Penggunaan bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar dalam karya tulis ilmiah seperti skripsi masih menjadi tantangan bagi mahasiswa, yang tercermin dari banyaknya kesalahan berbahasa dalam skripsi mahasiswa STAIN Jember. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada pentingnya penguasaan ragam bahasa baku dalam penulisan akademik formal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kesalahan penggunaan bahasa Indonesia dalam skripsi mahasiswa STAIN Jember, meliputi bidang kesalahan, tipe kesalahan, sumber penyebab, serta tingkat keseriusannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis isi terhadap sepuluh skripsi tahun 2003, serta didukung wawancara dengan mahasiswa, dosen pengampu mata kuliah bahasa Indonesia, dan dosen pembimbing skripsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan ditemukan dalam empat bidang: ejaan, pemilihan kata, penyusunan kalimat, dan paragraf. Sebagian besar kesalahan bersifat lokal dan disebabkan oleh kesalahan intrabahasa seperti generalisasi kaidah yang tidak tepat dan penerapan kaidah yang tidak sempurna. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perbaikan pengajaran bahasa Indonesia berbasis analisis kesalahan untuk meningkatkan kualitas penulisan ilmiah mahasiswa.
Developing an English Syllabus for Kindergarten Students in Jember Khumaidah, Sofkhatin
Fenomena Vol 3 No 2 (2004): FENOMENA: Journal Penelitian STAIN Jember
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v3i2.350

Abstract

The absence of a standardized English syllabus for kindergartens in Indonesia, particularly in Jember, poses a critical challenge, as English is increasingly taught at the preschool level despite the lack of a government mandate. This issue falls within broader debates on early foreign language learning and syllabus design, where young learners’ cognitive and linguistic characteristics demand age-appropriate, concrete content. This study aims to develop a practical English syllabus for regular kindergartens where Bahasa Indonesia is the instructional language. Using a developmental research approach, the researcher conducted needs surveys via questionnaires and interviews with experts, kindergarten teachers, parents, and elementary English teachers, as young children could not serve as direct informants. The resulting product is a lexicon-based syllabus that emphasizes oral vocabulary building through twenty topics, including numbers, colors, animals, family, and feelings, spread over thirty-four meetings with simple, fun activities such as singing and movement. The syllabus was tested, evaluated, and revised, showing strong alignment with objectives and high interest among preschoolers. The study concludes that the syllabus effectively guides the introduction of English in non-English-speaking environments and recommends that teachers use it flexibly and that future researchers focus on developing affordable teaching media. Tidak adanya silabus bahasa Inggris yang terstandarisasi untuk taman kanak-kanak (TK) di Indonesia, khususnya di Jember, merupakan tantangan krusial di tengah meningkatnya pengajaran bahasa Inggris di tingkat prasekolah meskipun tanpa mandat pemerintah. Isu ini berada dalam perdebatan yang lebih luas tentang pembelajaran bahasa asing pada usia dini dan desain silabus, di mana karakteristik kognitif dan linguistik anak usia dini memerlukan materi yang konkret dan sesuai usia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan silabus bahasa Inggris yang praktis untuk TK regulur dengan bahasa pengantar Bahasa Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan prosedur penelitian pengembangan, peneliti melakukan survei kebutuhan melalui kuesioner dan wawancara dengan para ahli, guru TK, orang tua, dan guru bahasa Inggris SD, karena anak-anak tidak dapat menjadi informan langsung. Produk yang dihasilkan adalah silabus berbasis leksikal yang menekankan pengucapan kosa kata lisan melalui dua puluh topik, seperti angka, warna, binatang, keluarga, dan perasaan, dalam 34 pertemuan dengan aktivitas sederhana dan menyenangkan seperti bernyanyi dan bergerak. Silabus ini telah diujicobakan, dievaluasi, dan direvisi, dan menunjukkan kesesuaian yang tinggi dengan tujuan serta minat anak yang kuat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa silabus tersebut secara efektif memandu pengenalan bahasa Inggris di lingkungan non-penutur asli, dan merekomendasikan guru untuk menggunakannya secara fleksibel serta peneliti selanjutnya untuk fokus pada pengembangan media pembelajaran yang terjangkau.
Kemampuan Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris dalam Menganalisis Kalimat Bahasa Inggris: English Education Students’ Ability in Analyzing English Sentences Widodo, Handoyo Puji
Fenomena Vol 3 No 2 (2004): FENOMENA: Journal Penelitian STAIN Jember
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v3i2.352

Abstract

Teaching English grammar as a support for macro-skills remains a pedagogical priority in Indonesian higher education, yet students’ actual ability to analyze sentence structures is often underexamined. Drawing on theories of parts of speech, phrasal categories, and sentence elements, this study investigated second-semester English students’ proficiency in analyzing English sentences at Politeknik Negeri Jember. A case study design was employed, with 21 students analyzing six sentences (five simple, one complex) using the Chinese boxes method; data were analyzed using descriptive-qualitative methods. The findings revealed that although most students adequately identified basic parts of speech and sentence elements in simple sentences, significant difficulties emerged with conjunctions, noun phrases, verb phrases, prepositional phrases, complements, and modifiers, particularly in the complex sentence, where only 5% correctly identified subject, predicate, and object. The study concludes that sentence complexity inversely affects students’ analytical accuracy and recommends increased exposure to and explicit instruction in both lexical and functional grammatical elements, especially in complex sentence contexts. Pengajaran tata bahasa Inggris sebagai peran pendukung keterampilan berbahasa masih menjadi prioritas pedagogis di pendidikan tinggi Indonesia, namun kemampuan aktual mahasiswa dalam menganalisis struktur kalimat seringkali kurang diteliti. Berlandaskan teori kelas kata, kategori frasa, dan unsur kalimat, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi kemampuan mahasiswa bahasa Inggris semester II dalam menganalisis kalimat bahasa Inggris di Politeknik Negeri Jember. Desain studi kasus digunakan, dengan 21 mahasiswa menganalisis enam kalimat (lima sederhana, satu kompleks) menggunakan metode kotak Cina; data dianalisis secara deskriptif-kualitatif. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa meskipun sebagian besar mahasiswa cukup mampu mengidentifikasi kelas kata dasar dan unsur kalimat pada kalimat sederhana, kesulitan signifikan muncul pada konjungsi, frasa nomina, frasa verba, frasa preposisi, pelengkap, dan keterangan, khususnya pada kalimat kompleks yang hanya 5% mengidentifikasi subjek, predikat, dan objek dengan benar. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa kompleksitas kalimat berbanding terbalik dengan akurasi analisis mahasiswa, serta merekomendasikan peningkatan eksposur dan pengajaran eksplisit unsur gramatikal leksikal maupun fungsional, terutama dalam konteks kalimat kompleks.
Assessing Students’ Listening Skills Through Pictures Binakarbeni, Suyik; Novawan, Adriadi
Fenomena Vol 3 No 2 (2004): FENOMENA: Journal Penelitian STAIN Jember
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v3i2.353

Abstract

The integration of English into local content curricula in Indonesian elementary schools has created an urgent need for effective assessment methods tailored to young learners. Recognizing that children’s cognitive and perceptual worlds differ from adults’, this study addresses the gap in understanding how picture-based media can facilitate listening comprehension assessment. The research aimed to describe the listening abilities of fifth-grade pupils at SDN Jember Lor III, focusing on their capacity to understand English words, phrases, and expressions through pictures. A descriptive quantitative design was employed, involving 50 pupils who took a listening test using picture-based items. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that the mean listening score was 79.9, categorized as good, with listening for main ideas (mean 87.6, very good) outperforming listening for detailed information (mean 74.9, more than enough). The study concludes that pictures are effective media for assessing and teaching English listening to primary school pupils and recommends intensified practice in listening for detailed information through activities such as transcription tasks and Simon Says games. Memasukkan bahasa Inggris ke dalam kurikulum muatan lokal di sekolah dasar Indonesia menciptakan kebutuhan mendesak akan metode asesmen yang efektif bagi pelajar anak. Menyadari bahwa dunia kognitif dan persepsi anak berbeda dengan orang dewasa, penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kemampuan menyimak siswa kelas V SDN Jember Lor III melalui media gambar, khususnya pemahaman mereka terhadap kata, frasa, dan ungkapan bahasa Inggris. Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif ini melibatkan 50 siswa yang diberikan tes menyimak berbasis gambar. Data dianalisis secara statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata kemampuan menyimak siswa adalah 79,9 (kategori baik), dengan kemampuan menyimak ide pokok (rata-rata 87,6, sangat baik) lebih tinggi daripada kemampuan menyimak informasi rinci (rata-rata 74,9, lebih dari cukup). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa gambar adalah media yang efektif untuk asesmen dan pembelajaran menyimak bahasa Inggris di sekolah dasar. Direkomendasikan agar latihan menyimak informasi rinci ditingkatkan melalui aktivitas seperti tugas transkripsi dan permainan Simon Says.
Tafsir Surah Al-Qadr: Studi Komparatif terhadap Tafsir Al-Kasysyaf dan Al-Maraghi: Interpretation of Surah Al-Qadr: A Comparative Study of Al-Kashshaf and Al-Maraghi Tafsirs Rakhim, Abdul
Fenomena Vol 3 No 2 (2004): FENOMENA: Journal Penelitian STAIN Jember
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v3i2.354

Abstract

The interpretation of Surah Al-Qadr has sparked significant debate among Muslim scholars, particularly regarding the nature of Lailatul Qadr and the process of the Quran’s revelation. This study addresses these crucial issues by comparing the exegetical approaches of two renowned rational interpreters (bil ra’yi): Al-Zamakhsyari, author of Tafsir al-Kasyisaf, and Al-Maragi, author of Tafsir al-Maragi. The research aims to identify similarities and differences in their interpretations of Surah Al-Qadr, focusing on key concepts such as the descent of the Quran, the excellence of Lailatul Qadr, and the meaning of “a thousand months.” Employing a qualitative library research method with a comparative (muqarin) approach, the study analyzes each verse of the surah through the lenses of both mufassirs. The findings reveal that while both agree on the supreme virtue of Lailatul Qadr and the inability of human knowledge to fully comprehend it, they differ fundamentally: Al-Zamakhsyari interprets the first verse as the Quran’s initial descent from the Preserved Tablet to the lowest heaven, whereas Al-Maragi views it as the beginning of revelation to Prophet Muhammad. Additionally, Al-Maragi interprets “a thousand months” symbolically rather than literally. The study concludes that contextual and theological backgrounds significantly shape exegetical outcomes and recommends further comparative studies across different tafsir schools. Penafsiran Surah Al-Qadr telah memicu perdebatan signifikan di kalangan ulama Muslim, terutama terkait hakikat Lailatul Qadar dan proses turunnya Al-Qur’an. Studi ini membahas isu krusial tersebut dengan membandingkan pendekatan eksegetis dua mufasir rasional (bil ra’yi) terkemuka: Al-Zamakhsyari, pengarang Tafsir al-Kasyisaf, dan Al-Maragi, pengarang Tafsir al-Maragi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi persamaan dan perbedaan penafsiran mereka terhadap Surah Al-Qadr, dengan fokus pada konsep turunnya Al-Qur’an, keutamaan Lailatul Qadar, dan makna “seribu bulan.” Menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan kualitatif dengan pendekatan komparatif (muqarin), penelitian ini menganalisis setiap ayat dalam surah tersebut melalui perspektif kedua mufasir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun keduanya sepakat tentang keutamaan agung Lailatul Qadar dan keterbatasan pengetahuan manusia untuk memahaminya secara utuh, mereka berbeda secara fundamental: Al-Zamakhsyari menafsirkan ayat pertama sebagai penurunan awal Al-Qur’an dari Lauh Mahfuz ke langit dunia, sementara Al-Maragi memandangnya sebagai awal pewahyuan kepada Nabi Muhammad. Selain itu, Al-Maragi menafsirkan “seribu bulan” secara simbolis而非 literal. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa latar belakang kontekstual dan teologis sangat mempengaruhi hasil penafsiran dan merekomendasikan studi komparatif lebih lanjut antar berbagai mazhab tafsir.
Kontroversi seputar Kedudukan Basmalah: Studi Analisis Ma'tsurat Tafsir: The Controversy Surrounding the Status of the Basmalah: An Analytical Study of Ma'thurat Tafsir Abdullah, H. Mawardi
Fenomena Vol 3 No 2 (2004): FENOMENA: Journal Penelitian STAIN Jember
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v3i2.355

Abstract

The status of the Basmalah in the Quran, particularly whether it is an integral part of Al-Fatihah and other surahs, has sparked enduring controversy among Muslim scholars, with significant theological and practical implications for ritual prayer. This debate is rooted in conflicting prophetic traditions (ma'tsurat) that either affirm or deny the Basmalah as a verse of Al-Fatihah. This study aims to critically examine the authenticity of these conflicting hadiths to clarify the basis of the juristic disagreement. Using a qualitative library research method, this study analyzed the chains of transmission (sanad) and texts (matan) of relevant hadiths found in the Kutub al-Tis'ah (nine major hadith collections). The findings reveal that all primary narrators in the analyzed chains are deemed trustworthy (tsiqah) and that the sanads are continuous (mutasil), suggesting that both sets of conflicting hadiths are authentically attributed to the Prophet Muhammad. Consequently, the opposing opinions on the Basmalah are supported by equally strong evidence. The study concludes that this issue must be recognized as a legitimate khilafiyah (jurisprudential difference of opinion) and recommends fostering a tolerant attitude that allows Muslims the freedom to follow their preferred scholarly opinion, thereby transforming potential conflict into a source of merciful diversity. Kedudukan Basmalah dalam Al-Qur'an, khususnya apakah ia merupakan bagian integral dari surat Al-Fatihah dan surat lainnya, telah memicu kontroversi berkepanjangan di kalangan ulama, dengan implikasi teologis dan praktis yang signifikan dalam ibadah shalat. Perdebatan ini berakar pada tradisi kenabian (ma'tsurat) yang saling bertentangan, baik yang mengafirmasi maupun menolak Basmalah sebagai ayat Al-Fatihah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara kritis otentisitas hadis-hadis yang tampak kontradiktif tersebut guna memperjelas dasar perbedaan mazhab. Menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan kualitatif, penelitian ini menganalisis rantai transmisi (sanad) dan teks (matan) hadis-hadis terkait yang terdapat dalam Kutub al-Tis'ah. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh perawi utama dalam rantai yang dianalisis dinilai terpercaya (tsiqah) dan sanadnya bersambung (mutasil), mengindikasikan bahwa kedua himpunan hadis yang kontradiktif tersebut secara otentik bersumber dari Nabi Muhammad. Konsekuensinya, pendapat yang berlawanan tentang Basmalah sama-sama didukung oleh bukti yang kuat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa persoalan ini harus diposisikan sebagai khilafiyah yang sah, dan merekomendasikan pengembangan sikap toleran yang memberikan keleluasaan kepada umat Islam untuk memilih pendapat yang diyakininya, sehingga perbedaan pendapat berubah menjadi rahmat yang membawa kebaikan.
Menarche dan Pengetahuan Menstruasi Santri: Studi Kasus Di Pondok Pesantren Mabda'ul Ma'arif dan As-Sunniyah Kencong Jember: Menarche and Menstrual Knowledge among Female Islamic Boarding School Students: A Case Study at Mabda'ul Ma'arif and As-Sunniyah Islamic Boarding Schools, Kencong, Jember RS, H. Sutrisno
Fenomena Vol 3 No 2 (2004): FENOMENA: Journal Penelitian STAIN Jember
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/fenomena.v3i2.356

Abstract

The onset of menarche and the variability in menstrual duration among adolescent girls remain underexplored in Islamic boarding school contexts, particularly when doctrinal fiqh teachings intersect with empirical biological realities. This study addresses the gap between classical Syafi’i texts, which specify a minimum menarcheal age of nine lunar years, and the actual menarcheal ages observed among female santri. The research aims to determine the age of menarche, the length of menstruation, and the sources of menstrual knowledge among santri. A descriptive qualitative case study was conducted at PP Mabda’ul Ma’arif and PP As-Sunniyah, involving 100 respondents selected through random sampling. Data were collected via closed-ended questionnaires, interviews with caregivers and teachers, and documentation. The findings reveal that menarche occurs between 11 and 15 solar years, with most santri menstruating for 6 to 7 days, though durations up to 15 days were recorded. While 98% of respondents knew about menstruation before menarche, 87% experienced anxiety at first menstruation. All santri understood religious prohibitions during menstruation, yet only 50% could distinguish between haid and istihadlah blood. Menstrual knowledge is acquired through formal schooling, sorogan, and wetonan. The study recommends using visual aids to teach about blood characteristics and deepening santri’s understanding of menstrual jurisprudence. Permulaan menarche dan variasi durasi menstruasi pada remaja putri masih kurang diteliti dalam konteks pesantren, khususnya ketika ajaran fikih klasik berhadapan dengan realitas biologis empiris. Penelitian ini mengatasi kesenjangan antara teks mazhab Syafi’i yang menetapkan batas minimal usia haid sembilan tahun qamariyah dengan usia menarche aktual yang diamati pada santri putri. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui usia menarche, lama menstruasi, dan sumber pengetahuan menstruasi santri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan jenis studi kasus di PP Mabda’ul Ma’arif dan PP As-Sunniyah. Sampel sebanyak 100 responden diambil secara random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket tertutup, wawancara dengan pengasuh dan ustadz, serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan menarche terjadi pada usia 11–15 tahun syamsiah, umumnya menstruasi berlangsung 6–7 hari, namun terdapat durasi hingga 15 hari. Sebanyak 98% santri mengetahui menstruasi sebelum menarche, tetapi 87% mengalami kecemasan saat menarche. Seluruh santri memahami larangan saat haid, namun hanya 50% mampu membedakan darah haid dan istihadlah. Pengetahuan menstruasi diperoleh dari sekolah, sorogan, dan wetonan. Penelitian merekomendasikan penggunaan alat peraga untuk mengajarkan karakteristik darah dan pendalaman fikih menstruasi bagi santri.

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