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Jurnal Serambi Biologi
Published by Universitas Negeri Padang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27222829     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasi adalah artikel dalam bidang biologi (biodiversitas, biosistematika, ekologi, fisiologi, genetika dan bioteknologi, biokimia) yang meliputi semua bentuk mahluk hidup mulai dari mikroba, fungi, tumbuhan, hewan, manusia dan virus
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biologi Perkembangan
Articles 187 Documents
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Fungi Isolated from litter’s forest of Aka Barayun, Lembah Harau and It’s Phosphate Solubilizing Activity Nurul Rahmi; Dezi Handayani; Dwi Hilda Putri; Violita Violita
Jurnal Serambi Biologi Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Serambi Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang

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Abstract

One of the essential nutrients for plant growth is phosphate, but just 0.1-0.5% is available for plants to use. This problem can be solved by using chemical fertilizers, but for long run could damages environment. An alternative way for chemical fertilizers is using phosphate solubilizing fungi. Phosphate-solubilizing fungi can be isolated from soil or litter. This study aims to isolated fungi from litter’s forest of Aka Barayun, Lembah Harau, West Sumatra and determine it’s phosphate solubilizing potency. Medium for isolation was Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and medium for phosphate solubilizing activity test was solid Pikovskaya medium with source of bound phosphate Ca3(PO4)2. Thirteen fungi were isolated successfully from litter’s forest of Aka Barayun, Lembah Harau, West Sumatra, which are coded SR1-SR13. Based on macroscopic and microscopic morphology, it is known that two isolates belong to the genus Penicillium, two isolates belong to Trichoderma, one isolate of Verticillium, one isolate of Fusarium, two isolates of yeast and two isolates are not yet known. Results of the phosphate solubilizing test showed that only seven isolates were able to solubilize phosphate, they are isolates SR2, SR5, SR6, SR7, SR11, SR 12 and SR 13. Phosphate solubilization index is low and ranges from 0.1 to 0.4.
Isolation of Endophytic Fungi from Trichoma of the Simpei Fern (Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm) and Phosphate Solubilizing Activity Test Nia Ramadhanti; Dezi Handayani; Azwir Anhar; Irdawati
Jurnal Serambi Biologi Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Serambi Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang

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Abstract

The problem that is often faced by farmers in West Sumatra is the decreasing level of soil fertility which has an impact on crop production due to a lack of phosphate uptake by plants. The problem of phosphate availability can be overcome by utilizing phosphate solubilizing fungi (CPF) because they can be used as biofertilizers. CPF is usually isolated from the soil or rhizosphere, but this fungus is not necessarily compatible with the host plant, so the isolation of endophytic fungi, especially indigenous fungi, is better because it can provide phosphate. CPF can be isolated from plant tissues such as trichomes. The aim of this study was to isolate endophytic fungi from chimpanzee fern trichomes and test their phosphate solubilizing activity. Samples were obtained from Nagari Aka Barayun, Harau District, Fifty Cities District, West Sumatra. Isolation of fungi using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium, phosphate solvent activity test using Pikovskaya medium. The results showed that 5 isolates of endophytic fungi were successfully isolated from chimpanzee fern trichomes with different macroscopic morphologies: spherical shape, various colors, cotton-like texture, smooth surface. Phosphate solubilizing activity test showed that only ETK 4 isolate had phosphate solubilizing activity with the highest IKF of 0.7.
Potency of Yeast from Orange Peel’s Ecoenzyme as Antimicrobe Elsa Sri Handayani; Dezi Handayani; Irdawati Irdawati; Violota Violita
Jurnal Serambi Biologi Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023): Jurnal Serambi Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang

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Abstract

Orange peels can still be utilized even though they are categorized as waste. Orange peels still have quite a lot of nutrients and contain various active compounds. Orange peels can be used as a source of organic material for the manufacture of ecoenzyme. The ecoenzyme produced from orange peel has a distinctive and fragrant aroma so that it is preferred compared to ecoenzyme made from other organic materials. During the ecoenzyme fermentation process, there are various types of bacteria and fungi that grow, but their roles are not yet known. The results of previous research obtained eight yeast isolates from the fermentation process of orange peel ecoenzyme, but only six isolates can be tested because two isolates are contaminated. The purpose of this study was to see the potential of yeast from citrus peel ecoenzyme as an antimicrobial. The antimicrobial activity test method used was the agar solid diffusion test. The presence of antimicrobial activity is characterized by a zone of inhibition around the colony of yeast isolates. The results showed that all isolates of yeast from orange peels ecoenzyme were able to inhibit the growth of E. coli and only five isolates were able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus, but none were able to inhibit C. albicans. The diameter of the inhibition zone against E. coli ranged from 8.3 mm to 17.5 mm while S. aureus ranged from 7.8 mm to 12.9 mm. Therefore, yeast derived from orange peel ecoenzyme has potential as an antimicrobial, especially against E. coli. and S. aureus.
Karakteristik dan Fungsi Senyawa Alkaloid sebagai Antifungi pada Tumbuhan Mesy Maisarah; Moralita Chatri
Jurnal Serambi Biologi Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Serambi Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang

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Abstract

Tumbuhan menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai antioksida, antimikroba dan antijamur. Metabolit sekunder adalah molekul kecil, bersifat spesifik, mempunyai struktur yang bervariasi, serta memiliki fungsi atau peranan yang berbeda-beda. Salah satu senyawa metabolit sekunder adalah alkaloid. Alkaloid merupakan senyawa metabolit sekunder terbanyak yang memiliki atom nitrogen, yang ditemukan dalam jaringan tumbuhan. Alkaloid bersifat antifungi karena dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur dengan cara menyisip diantara dinding sel dan DNA jamur sehingga pertumbuhan jamur akan terganggu. Alkaloid mempunyai struktur kimia berupa sistem lingkar heterosiklis dengan nitrogen sebagai hetero atomnya. Kebanyakan alkaloid tidak berwarna, pahit, dan bersifat basah. Metode pemurnian dan karakterisasi senyawa alkaloid yaitu mengandalkan sifat kimia alkaloid. Kata kunci : Metabolit Sekunder, Antifungi, Alkaloid
Senyawa Aktif Flavonoid yang Terdapat Pada Tumbuhan Idos Susila Ningsih; moralita Chatri; Linda Advinda
Jurnal Serambi Biologi Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Serambi Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang

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Abstract

Metabolit sekunder merupakan komponen kimia yang dihasilkan tumbuhan melalui biosintesis senyawa metabolit primer. Metabolit sekunder memiliki berbagai macam fungsi salah satunya sebagai pertahanan terhadap patogen. Senyawa metabolit sekunder yang umum terdapat pada tumbuhan adalah flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, fenol, tanin, steroid, dan triterpenoid. Flavonoid merupakan kelompok polifenol dan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan struktur kimia serta biosintesisnya. Flavonoid mempunyai kerangka dasar karbon yang terdiri dari 15 atom karbon. Dimana dua cincin benzena (C6) terikat oleh rantai propana (C3). Flavonoid memiliki beberapa bentuk seperti isoflavon, flavonol dan flavon, dan flavanon. Flavonoid ini memiliki berbagai macam funfsi seperti sebagai antioksidan, antiinflamasi, antibakteri dan antijamur. Kata kunci: Flavonoid, Antioksidan, Antijamur, Antiinflamasi, Senyawa metabolit sekunder
Karakteristik Saponin Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder pada Tumbuhan Puspa Anggraeni Putri; Moralita Chatri; Linda Advinda
Jurnal Serambi Biologi Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Serambi Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang

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Abstract

Senyawa kimia dalam tumbuhan merupakan hasil metabolisme sekunder dari tumbuhan itu sendiri. Senyawa metabolit sekunder yaitu senyawa organik yang dihasilkan tumbuhan tetapi tidak memiliki fungsi langsung pada fotosintesis, pertumbuhan atau respirasi, transportasi zat terlarut, translokasi, sintesis protein, asimilasi nutrien, diferensiasi, pembentukan karbohidrat, protein dan lipid. Senyawa metabolit sekunder ini dikelompokkan menjadi beberapa golongan berdasarkan stuktur kimianya, salah satunya yakni saponin. Istilah saponin diturunkan dari bahasa Latin “sapo” yang berarti sabun, diambil dari kata Saponaria vaccaria, suatu tumbuhan yang mengandung saponin digunakan sebagai sabun untuk mencuci. Pada tumbuhan, saponin tersebar merata dalam bagian-bagiannya seperti akar, batang, umbi, daun, biji dan buah. Struktur kimia saponin merupakan glikosida yang tersusun atas glikon dan aglikon. Saponin merupakan senyawa glikosida kompleks dengan berat molekul tingi yang dihasilkan terutama oleh tumbuhan, hewan laut tingkat rendah dan beberapa bakteri. Saponin dapat menurunkan tegangan permukaan air, sehingga akan mengakibatkan terbentuknya buih pada permukaan air setelah dikocok. Sifat ini mempunyai kesamaan dengan surfaktan. Rasa saponin sangat ekstrim, dari sangat pahit hingga sangat manis dan merupakan senyawa ampifilik. Saponin dapat digunakan sebagai pembasmi hama udang, sebagai deterjen, sebagai pembentuk busa pada sampo, dan dapat menghambat jamur dan melindungi tumbuhan dari serangan serangga. Saponin dapat menjadi antijamur dengan cara menurunkan tegangan permukaan dinding sel dan merusak permeabilitas membran. Saponin berdifusi melalui membran luar dan dinding sel yang rentan kemudian mengikat membran sitoplasma sehingga mengganggu dan mengurangi kestabilan membran sel.
Inventory of Anura In The Sarasah Uwak Waterfall Area of Padang City West Sumatra Imam Wahyudi; Fitra Nugraha
Jurnal Serambi Biologi Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Serambi Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang

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Abstract

The Tourist area of Sarasah Uwak Waterfall is an area that the general public is starting to look at as a tourist location, but there is no data related to the diversity of Anura species in this area. Research was conducted in November 2022. Sample collection was carried out using the Method Visual Encounter Survey. A total of six species, six genera consisting of 2 families, namely Ranidae and Dicroglossidae. The Ranidae family has the most number of species with four species, namely: Odorrana hosii, Indosylvirana nicobariensis, Chalcorana parvaccola, Chalcorana parvacola, and Hylarana erythraea, followed by the Dicroglossidae with two species, namely: Limnonectes blythii and Occidozyga sumatrana
Acetic Acid Content in Salak Sidempuan Vinegar Dilla Wirmaningsih; Yusni Atifah; Helendra
Jurnal Serambi Biologi Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023): Jurnal Serambi Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang

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Abstract

Acetic acid is the result of natural fermentation derived from processed fruits and vegetables. Sidempuan salak fruit (Salacca sumatrana) is a salak that has a very large water content and can be processed into processed vinegar, one of which is Sidempuan salak vinegar. This study was conducted through anaerobic fermentation using Saccharomhyces cerevisiae for seven days, then re-fermented aerobically using Acetobacter xylinum for nine days aimed at converting alcohol and producing acetic acid. To determine the level of acetic acid, it uses a quantitative test with an alkalimetric titration method using a 0.1 N NaOH solution and a 1% phenolphthalein indicator of three drops, then replicating three times to cause a pink color. Thus, the results were obtained from measuring acetic acid levels produced from the fermentation of Sidempuan salak vinegar of 4.8% and having a pH of 4. This result proves that acetic acid produced from the fermentation of Sidempuan salak vinegar has met the criteria for vinegar content that can be marketed and is suitable for public consumption.
Isolation of Phosphate Recruiting Endophytic Fungi from the Leaves of the Symphony Fern Plant (Cibotium Barometz (L.) J.Sm) Safira Nurul Fadila; Dezi Handayani; Azwir Anhar; Violita Violita
Jurnal Serambi Biologi Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Serambi Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang

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Abstract

Phosphate is one of the elements needed in large quantities for plant growth and development. Phosphate can be found in soil, but generally in the form of bound phosphate, so that it cannot be used by plants. Generally, farmers overcome the availability of phosphate for plants using phosphate fertilizer, but this method is not effective. Another alternative is needed to overcome the availability of phosphate in the soil. One alternative that can be used is to use phosphate-solubilizing endophytic fungi. Phosphate-solubilizing endophytic fungi can be isolated from the leaves of the Simpei fern (Cibotium barometz (L.) J.Sm.). The Simpei fern plant contains organic acids, so endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves of the Simpei fern plant are expected to produce the same organic acids and be able to dissolve phosphate. Therefore, this study aims to determine the phosphate solubilizing activity of the leaves of the Simpei fern plant. The samples used were the leaves of the symbiotic fern. The fungus obtained was tested using Pikovskaya medium. Phosphate solubilizing activity is characterized by the formation of a clear zone around the fungus colony. Six isolates of endophytic fungi from the Simpei fern plant were obtained, namely D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, and D6. Two isolates have phosphate solubilizing activity, namely isolates D2 and D4. The highest phosphate solubility index was shown by isolate D2 on the first day of 0.8. The phosphate solubility index of all isolates is low. Key words: endophytic fungi, fosfat, isolated, activity
Quality of Duck Eggs (Anas domesticus Lin.) After 15 Days of Preservation Using Jackfruit Leaf Extract (Arthocarpus heterophyllus Lamk. Azizah Mutmainah; Yusni Atifah
Jurnal Serambi Biologi Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023): Jurnal Serambi Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang

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Abstract

Eggs are an important source of animal protein for humans apart from meat and fish. Duck eggs (Anas domesticus Lin.) are one type of egg that is widely consumed by Indonesians besides chicken eggs. As a livestock product, eggs have the disadvantage of being easily damaged, prone to egg crack and microorganisms easily contaminate resulting in a decrease in egg quality. To maintain the quality of eggs, preservation is carried out on eggs by utilizing natural ingredients, one of which is using jackfruit leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of jackfruit leaf extract and the length of egg soaking on the length of storage of duck eggs. This type of research is an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 9 treatments and 3 repetitions. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and continued with the DMRT test if there were significant differences. The results showed that soaking eggs with 45% jackfruit leaf extract for 36 hours effectively inhibited egg weight loss. Soaking eggs with 15% jackfruit leaf extract for 24 hours is effective for maintaining the yolk index and haught unit value, while inhibiting the increase in egg pH is effective at 15% soaking for 36 hours.

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