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Obat: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Published by Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia
ISSN : 3031013X     EISSN : 30310148     DOI : 10.61132
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Nursing Public Health
Organisasi Farmasi, Kedokteran, Kimia Organik Sintetis, Kimia Alam, Biokimia, Analisis Kimia, Kimia Fisika, Biologi, Mikrobiologi, Jaringan Budaya, Botani dan Hewan terkait Produk Farmasi, Keperawatan, Kebidanan, Analis Kesehatan, Gizi dan Kesehatan Masyarakat.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Farmasi
Articles 352 Documents
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Pengaruh Pemberian Kompres Daun Dadap Serep Untuk Menurunkan Panas Bayi Setelah Imunisasi DPT (Difteri, Pertusis, Tetanus) Vanessa Rasti; Kristina Maharani; Qomariyah Qomariyah
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): September : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v3i5.1691

Abstract

Background: Fever is a common side effect after infants receive DPT (Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus) immunization. This condition often causes concern for parents, so appropriate treatment is needed. Generally, fever can be treated with pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. One of the most widely used non-pharmacological treatments is warm compresses. However, innovations in the use of natural ingredients are starting to be noticed, one of which is dadap serep leaves which are thought to be more effective in helping to lower body temperature. The active compounds in dadap serep leaves are believed to provide a calming effect while helping vasodilation, so that body heat can be reduced more quickly. Methodology: This study used a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design of the non-equivalent pretest posttest control group design. The research subjects were divided into two groups, namely the intervention group who received dadap serep leaf compresses and the control group who received warm compresses. Body temperature measurements were taken before and after the intervention. The data obtained were analyzed using statistical tests to see the difference in temperature reduction in each group. Results: The intervention group showed a significant reduction in body temperature, namely 73.3%. In contrast, the control group using warm compresses only experienced a 20% reduction, which was not statistically significant. The results of the intergroup comparison test also showed a significant difference, supporting the research hypothesis. Conclusion: Dadap serep leaf compresses were proven to be more effective than warm compresses in reducing fever in infants following DPT immunization. These findings suggest that the use of dadap serep leaves can be recommended as a safe, effective, and easy-to-implement non-pharmacological intervention alternative in daily practice.
The Role of VKORC1 in Vitamin K Metabolism and Warfarin Sensitivity: A Narrative Review of Genetic and Clinical Perspectives Ayoob Radhi Al-Zaalan; Hussam Saadi Aziz
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): September : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v3i5.1697

Abstract

Warfarin (commonly known by its trade name, Coumadin) is an oral anticoagulant that has been widely used for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disorders. Despite its clinical benefits, warfarin therapy is complicated by a very narrow therapeutic index and wide inter-individual variability in dose requirements. This variability represents a major challenge for clinicians, as inappropriate dosing may lead to serious adverse outcomes such as bleeding or thrombotic events. A growing body of evidence suggests that genetic polymorphisms are among the most important factors contributing to this variability, particularly those involving the Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase Complex Subunit 1 (VKORC1) gene. VKORC1 encodes a key enzyme that functions as a bottleneck in the vitamin K cycle, playing an essential role in the regeneration of reduced vitamin K (VKH). This active form of vitamin K is required for the γ-carboxylation of vitamin K–dependent clotting factors, including prothrombin and other coagulation proteins. Polymorphisms within VKORC1 can significantly alter the enzyme’s expression and activity, thereby modifying an individual’s sensitivity to warfarin. One of the most clinically relevant variants is the -1639G>A (rs9923231) polymorphism, which reduces VKORC1 transcription and subsequently decreases enzyme activity. Patients carrying the A allele often exhibit increased sensitivity to warfarin and therefore require lower maintenance doses compared to those with the G allele. Understanding these genetic influences not only improves our knowledge of warfarin pharmacogenomics but also highlights the importance of personalized medicine in anticoagulant therapy. Incorporating VKORC1 genotyping into clinical practice could optimize dose prediction, minimize adverse events, and enhance the safety and effectiveness of warfarin therapy. This narrative review aims to provide an in-depth discussion of the complex role of VKORC1 in vitamin K metabolism and its impact on warfarin sensitivity, thereby underscoring the critical relevance of genetic factors in guiding individualized anticoagulation therapy.
The Effect of Maternal Trace Element Status (Copper, Zinc, Selenium, and Chromium) on Neonatal Wellbeing Saja Karim Toman; Majid Hameed Ahmed; Shaimaa Abdulamir Nasir
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): September : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v3i5.1698

Abstract

Trace elements such as copper, zinc, selenium, and chromium play essential roles in various enzymatic reactions, antioxidant defense mechanisms, and overall metabolic regulation, making them crucial for maternal and fetal health. During pregnancy, the demand for these micronutrients increases significantly due to physiological changes and the needs of the developing fetus. Inadequate or excessive levels of these trace elements can lead to altered fetal development and may impact neonatal outcomes immediately after birth. Given the sensitive developmental window of gestation, the intrauterine environment—including micronutrient status—has been hypothesized to influence neonatal physiological parameters such as heart rate, respiratory rate, and Apgar scores, which are commonly used to assess neonatal wellbeing in the early minutes of life. This study attempts to explore the impact of maternal trace element status—specifically copper, zinc, selenium, and chromium—along with selected maternal parameters (BMI, parity, gravida) on indicators of neonatal wellbeing, including heart rate, respiratory rate, and 5-minute Apgar score. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Delivery Room of the Obstetric Hospital in Al-Diwaniya City, Iraq, involving 50 mother-infant pairs. Data collection occurred from December 1, 2024, to February 10, 2025. Maternal blood samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry to determine serum concentrations of copper, zinc, selenium, and chromium. Neonatal outcomes were assessed via standard clinical evaluations: heart rate and respiratory rate were measured immediately postpartum, and Apgar scores were recorded at five minutes. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression to assess associations between maternal factors and neonatal outcomes. Bivariate and multivariate analyses indicated limited but noteworthy associations. Maternal serum chromium levels were significantly associated with increased neonatal respiratory rate (p = 0.026), suggesting a possible stimulatory or stress-related effect.
Kontribusi Resiliensi Akademik terhadap Subjective Well-Being pada Mahasiswa Akhir Program Studi Psikologi Universitas Negeri Padang Anisa Resa Savitri
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): September : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v3i5.1701

Abstract

Operationally, subjective well-being can be understood as an individual's assessment of their life experiences, involving affective components in the form of positive and negative emotions, as well as cognitive components. Individuals with subjective well-being experience more positive emotions and fewer negative emotions, and feel satisfied with their lives. One factor that influences subjective well-being is academic resilience. The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of academic resilience to subjective well-being in final year psychology students at Padang State University. The research subjects were 174 final year psychology students at Padang State University who were taking thesis courses. The research design used was quantitative. Data collection used a non-probability sampling technique. Data were analyzed using simple regression analysis techniques. The analysis results obtained a sig. value of 0.000 (sig <0.05) with an r-square value of 0.550. From the results obtained, it was concluded that there was a contribution of academic resilience to subjective well-being in final year psychology students at Padang State University. The findings of this study strengthen the view that academic resilience is an important aspect in facing complex academic challenges, especially for final year students. Students with high levels of academic resilience tend to be better able to manage stress, maintain motivation, and remain focused on their academic goals despite facing various obstacles such as research difficulties, time pressure, and social demands. This ability directly contributes to increased life satisfaction and the dominance of positive emotions, which ultimately improves students' subjective well-being. Furthermore, the results of this study provide practical implications for universities to consider and develop programs that can improve students' academic resilience. For example, this could include providing counseling services, stress management skills training, and strengthening social support from supervisors and peers.
Pathogenesis of Fibrosis: A Comprehensive Review of Oxidative, Inflammatory, and Immune Mechanisms Underlying Tissue Damage in Multiple Organ Systems Taghreed Hazem Saber Al-fakje; Basma Salim Saad Allah AL- Hasso; Faehaa Azher AL-Mashhadani
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): September : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v3i5.1705

Abstract

Fibrosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and immunity are tightly coupled processes leading to tissue damage and disease progression. Oxidative stress, triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS), favors inflammation through the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as immune cells, especially macrophages. Chronic inflammation impedes the mechanisms of repair in tissues, resulting in an excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) leading to fibrosis. Immune dysregulation mediated through T cells, B cells, as well as innate immunity also propels the fibrotic pathway. In contrast, fibrotic tissue reinforces oxidative stress and inflammation, forming a vicious cycle that sustains tissue injury and remodeling. Emerging evidence indicates that various molecular pathways are involved in this complex interplay. Key signaling cascades such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play significant roles in amplifying oxidative and inflammatory responses. Dysregulation of antioxidant defense systems, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, further aggravates oxidative stress and enhances tissue vulnerability. Moreover, metabolic alterations within immune cells contribute to the persistence of a pro-fibrotic environment. Activated macrophages, for instance, secrete profibrotic cytokines like interleukin-13 (IL-13) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), while T helper 17 (Th17) cells promote chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling. This intricate cellular cross-talk highlights the importance of immune-metabolic regulation in fibrosis progression. Understanding these interconnected mechanisms offers promising therapeutic opportunities. Targeting oxidative stress with antioxidants, modulating immune responses with biologics, and inhibiting fibrogenic pathways using TGF-β or tyrosine kinase inhibitors are currently being explored in both preclinical and clinical settings. Such interventions hold potential for breaking the vicious cycle of oxidative stress, inflammation, and immunity, ultimately preventing irreversible organ damage and improving clinical outcomes in fibrotic diseases.  
Hubungan Mekanisme Koping terhadap Stres pada Lansia Penderita Hipertensi Veratul Amna; Urip Pratama; Iskandar Iskandar; Yadi Putra
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): November : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v3i6.1853

Abstract

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a medical condition characterized by a persistent increase in blood pressure exceeding normal thresholds. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between coping mechanisms and psychological stress among elderly individuals with hypertension in Meunasah Papeun Village, Krueng Barona Jaya District. This research employed a quantitative design with a descriptive-analytic approach using the Cross-Sectional Study method. The total population consisted of 77 participants, and the sampling technique utilized total sampling. The study was conducted from June 25 to July 16, 2025. Data collection instruments included the Brief Cope questionnaire and a stress questionnaire developed by the researcher, with a reliability value of Cronbach’s alpha P-Value = 0.693. Data analysis was carried out using the Chi-Square test. The study findings revealed a P-Value = 0.503 (>0.05), indicating no significant relationship between coping mechanisms and stress among elderly individuals with hypertension in Gampong Meunasah Papeun. Respondents are advised to maintain emotional stability to prevent psychological stress; although the findings indicate no direct correlation, it remains essential to preserve mental well-being through effective communication, participation in positive activities, and seeking family support. The village as the research site is encouraged to continue developing stress reduction programs through educational and preventive approaches, such as counseling on coping mechanisms for stress and group discussions.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Gizi Seimbang dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Wilayah Desa Jambu Kecamatan Mlonggo Kabupaten Jepara Yuanita Kusuma Ningrum; Ratna Ratna; Akbar Amin Abdullah
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): September : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v3i5.1795

Abstract

The prevalence of stunting globally in 2021 reached 171 million to 314 million. In Indonesia, the results of the Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI) showed that the stunting rate in 2019 was 27.7%, in 2021 it was 24.4%, and in 2022 it was 21.4%. Child stunting is a health concern in Indonesia. Causes of stunting in children include poor nutrition, low exclusive breastfeeding rates, low birth weight (LBW), and maternal factors in providing nutrition from pregnancy to 59 months of age. Research reports that stunting is influenced by parents' lack of knowledge about balanced nutrition. Knowledge plays a vital role in the life and development of individuals and society.Purpose This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge about balanced nutrition and the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the Jambu Village area, Mlonggo District, Jepara City. Method This research is a quantitative correlational study with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were mothers with toddlers in the Jambu Village area, Mlonggo District. The sampling technique used total sampling to obtain a sample of 34 respondents. Measurement of the level of knowledge of nutritional balance by providing questions with multiple choices of true and false and for stunting using Microtois and Anthropometric Table. Data processing using SPSS with a computer using the Spearman Rho statistical test.The results of the study showed that the majority of respondents had good nutritional balance knowledge, amounting to 16 (47.1%), while 17 (50.0%) respondents did not experience stunting.There is a relationship between maternal knowledge about balanced nutrition and the incidence of stunting in toddlers in Jambu Village, Mlonggo District, Jepara Regency.
Perbedaan Hasil Pemeriksaan Kolesterol Total dalam Darah Menggunakan Alat Architect C4000 dan Alinity C1000 Retno Rusnaini; Nyoman Sudarma; Ni Luh Gede Puspita Yanti
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): November : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v3i6.1802

Abstract

Total cholesterol measurement is essential for assessing cardiovascular risk, but consistency between laboratory instruments must be validated for reliable results. Architect C4000 and Alinity C1000 operate on enzymatic principles but differ in system design, reagents, and supporting technology. This study aimed to compare total cholesterol measurements between the two instruments using a non-parametric statistical approach (Mann-Whitney test). A comparative analytical design was conducted with 100 serum samples obtained via purposive sampling and divided for measurement with each device. Statistical analysis evaluated differences, and mean differences were calculated using the Hodges-Lehman method. Results showed mean cholesterol values of 182.98 mg/dL for Architect and 182.37 mg/dL for Alinity, with no significant difference (p=0.9942) and a median difference of 0.0 (95% CI: -9.0 to 9.0). Data distribution was nearly identical for both instruments in terms of mean and spread. Therefore, both methods demonstrate comparable validity in total cholesterol measurement, as they rely on similar principles and technologies, with reagents calibrated to the same standards.
Analisis Penerapan Unit Dose Drugs Dispensing Sistem (UDDDS) berdasarkan Teori Survey Quality (Servqual) di Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit “X” Panuturi Novrianto; Elise Garmelia; Sakti Brata Ismaya
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): September : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v3i5.1812

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Unit Dose Drugs Dispensing Sistem (UDDDS) based on the SERVQUAL theory at the Inpatient Pharmacy Installation of RS “X”. The research method used a quantitative design with SERVQUAL questionnaires given to pharmacists and nurses, supplemented by in-depth interviews to explore perceptions of the UDDDS implementation. Data analysis was conducted using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods. The results of the study indicate that all SERVQUAL dimensions significantly influence the quality of UDDDS services. Based on multiple linear regression analysis, the dimension of Assurance had the most dominant influence on service quality, with a B value of 8.464 and a contribution of 35%. This was followed by Empathy (B = 7.475, 31%), Tangibles (B = 7.547, 28%), Responsiveness (B = 4.847, 20%), and Reliability (B = 3.475, 16%). These findings suggest that the Assurance dimension, which includes trust and confidence in healthcare professionals, plays a crucial role in improving service quality at the Inpatient Pharmacy Installation. Overall, the findings indicate a significant relationship between the implementation of UDDDS and improvements in hospital service quality, particularly in terms of timely medication administration, reduced medication returns, and increased healthcare worker satisfaction. The reduction in medication returns reflects the efficiency of the drug distribution sistem, while the increased satisfaction of healthcare workers shows that UDDDS contributes to better service quality. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening the Assurance dimension through improving the competence, ethics, and professionalism of healthcare workers. Additionally, integrating UDDDS into the hospital's quality indicators is essential for establishing a sustainable quality culture. This will support the overall improvement of service quality at the hospital.
Kajian Pustaka: Standarisasi Umbi Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) dan Bawang Putih (Allium cepa L.) Sepbrilla Ananda Kusriadi
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): September : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v3i5.1827

Abstract

Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) and Allium cepa L. (including garlic and onion peel) are medicinal plants that have long been traditionally used to treat cancer, diabetes, hypertension, infectious diseases, and inflammation. Recent scientific studies emphasize the importance of extract standardization to ensure consistent quality, safety, and efficacy. Standardization includes specific parameters—such as organoleptic identification, water- and ethanol-soluble extract values, phytochemical profiles, and determination of marker compounds—and nonspecific parameters such as moisture content, loss on drying, total ash, and acid-insoluble ash. Ethanol extract of E. bulbosa showed moisture and drying loss values below 10%, total flavonoid content of around 1.2%, and positive phytochemical tests for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and quinones. Onion peel extract contains a high flavonoid content (7.84 mg QE/g) with moderate antioxidant capacity (DPPH IC₅₀ 152.65 µg/mL), while fermented garlic (black garlic) contains more than 12% polyphenols and more than 2% flavonoids, as well as a high level of S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC) as a stable bioactive compound. The pharmacological activities of these standardized extracts include strong antioxidant effects, α-glucosidase inhibition for antidiabetic activity, induction of apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis as anticancer potential, membrane disruption and enzyme inhibition for antimicrobial activity, as well as COX/LOX modulation for anti-inflammatory effects. These activities are directly correlated with the secondary metabolite composition of each material. With their phytochemical richness and diverse biological activities, E. bulbosa and A. cepa have great potential as raw materials for standardized herbal products. Further in vivo studies and clinical trials are needed to validate their therapeutic efficacy and to support the development of evidence-based phytopharmaceuticals.

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