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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 22526951     EISSN : 25026844     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry Physics
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science publishes basic research articles and conceptual of Chemistry, issued three (3) times a year, overall 10 articles per issued. To commemorate important events and agenda, may be issued a special edition that will include 10 articles in each issue.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 61 Documents
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Identifikasi Sildenafil, Tadalafil, dan Vardenafil pada Jamu Serbuk Stamina Pria Secara KLT-Spektrofotodensitometri Dewi, Farhanna Lutfia; Kristanty, Ruth Elenora; Suriawati, Junie; Fauziah, Siti Nur Aliza
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

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Abstract

Peredaran jamu yang mengandung  bahan kimia sintetik berkhasiat obat (BKO) sulit untuk dihindari. Sildenafil, tadalafil, dan vardenafil merupakan BKO yang sering ditambahkan pada jamu stamina pria karena diyakini dapat mengatasi disfungsi ereksi pada pria. Penggunaan kombinasi sildenafil dapat menimbulkan efek samping yang berbahaya jika digunakan secara terus-menerus. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pengujian untuk mengetahui adanya BKO di dalam jamu stamina pria yang beredar di pasaran dengan pengujian identifikasi secara KLT-Spektrofotodensitometri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memeriksa keamanan (identifikasi bahan berkhasiat obat) pada jamu stamina pria sediaan serbuk secara KLT-Spektrofotodensitometri. Hasil identifikasi secara Kromatografi Lapis Tipis menunjukkan bahwa sampel “D” dan “G” diduga positif mengandung sildenafil sitrat dan tadalafil serta sampel “G” diduga positif mengandung vardenafil. Pengujian dilanjutkan dengan uji penegasan secara Spektrofotodensitometri. Profil spektrum menunjukkan bahwa kedua sampel mengandung bahan kimia obat sildenafil sitrat, sampel “D” mengandung tadalafil, dan kedua sampel negatif mengandung vardenafil. Kedua sampel jamu tersebut tidak memenuhi syarat (TMS).
Immobilization of Bacillus subtilis on Fly Ash-Based Geopolymers with Biochar as a Self Healing Material Kulsum, Ummi; Triastuti Sulistyaningsih; Ella Kusumastuti
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

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Abstract

Geopolimer merupakan material konstruksi yang ramah lingkungan namun tidak luput dari kerusakan berupa retak. Salah satu upaya untuk memperbaiki dan menutup microcrack pada geopolimer yaitu self healing geopolimer, dengan cara menambahkan healing agent ke dalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak penambahan bakteri Bacillus subtilis sebagai healing agent terhadap kualitas geopolimer. Sintesis geopolimer dilakukan dengan mencampurkan larutan alkali dan fly ash, selanjutnya Bacillus subtilis dan kalsium laktat dimasukkan dalam biochar dengan variasi tingkat pengenceran bakteri 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5, 10-6 dan ditambahkan ke dalam pasta geopolimer. Kualitas geopolimer yang dihasilkan dianalisis dengan uji UPV (Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity) dan uji kuat tekan. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan pada geopolimer terbaik yaitu analisis gugus fungsi dengan FT-IR, fasa mineral dengan XRD, dan morfologi permukaan dengan SEM-EDX. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan healing agent memberikan peningkatan hasil UPV dan nilai kuat tekan. Geopolimer yang memiliki kualias terbaik dalam penelitian ini yaitu geopolimer dengan penambahan bakteri Bacillus subtilis pada pengenceran 10-1 (G-1) dengan nilai kuat tekan sebesar 20,6664 MPa. Hasil analisis gugus fungsi pada sampel geopolimer dengan dan tanpa penambahan healing agent tidak menghasilkan perubahan yang signifikan. Hasil analisis fasa mineral menunjukkan fasa amorf geopolimer. Hasil morfologi menunjukkan terbentuknya matriks geopolimer yang homogen. kata kunci : fly ash, self healing geopolimer, Bacillus subtilis Geopolymer is an environmentally friendly construction material but is not immune to damage in the form of cracks. One effort to repair and close microcracks in geopolymer is self-healing geopolymer, by adding healing agents to it. This research aims to determine the impact of adding Bacillus subtilis bacteria as a healing agent on the quality of geopolymer. Geopolymer synthesis was carried out by mixing alkaline solution and fly ash, then Bacillus subtilis and calcium lactate were added to biochar with varying levels of bacterial dilution 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5, 10-6 and added into geopolymer paste. The quality of the resulting geopolymer was analyzed using the UPV (Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity) test and compressive strength test. Qualitative analysis was carried out on the best geopolymers, namely functional group analysis using FT-IR, mineral phases using XRD, and surface morphology using SEM-EDX. The research results show that the addition of healing agents provides an increase in UPV results and compressive strength values. The geopolymer that has the best quality in this research is geopolymer with the addition of Bacillus subtilis bacteria at a dilution of 10-1 (G-1) with a compressive strength value of 20.6664 MPa. The results of functional group analysis on geopolymer samples with and without the addition of healing agents did not produce significant changes. The results of mineral phase analysis show an amorphous phase of geopolymer. Morphology results show the formation of a homogeneous geopolymer matrix. keyword : fly ash, self healing geopolymer, Bacillus subtilis
The Effect of Texapon Variations on the Quality Standards of Motor Vehicle Shampoo Derived from Residual Clothing Fragrance Production in the Industry: Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024) Adellia Nilam Cahya; Cintiya Septa Hasannah; Meka Saima Perdani; Wilma Nurrul Adzillah
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v13i3.4595

Abstract

Laundry softener or fragrance is a liquid material that is added at the final stage of the washing process with the aim of softening and providing a fragrant aroma to clothes. The main ingredient in laundry softener is surfactant. This research aims to process leftover fragrance from one of the FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) industries in Indonesia into a motor vehicle shampoo product that has market value and can be used by the community at a more economical price, while maintaining quality comparable to commercial products. The formulation of this vehicle shampoo is determined through the trial and error method. Subsequently, samples are tested for pH, density, viscosity, foaming power, and corrosion rate. The test results obtained from this study show a pH value of 7.92, a density of 1.025 gr/cm3, a viscosity of 2.41 Pa.s, foam stability of 91.67%, and a corrosion rate of 0.0929095 mm/year, classified as "Excellent". This indicates that the motor vehicle shampoo produced meets the corrosion resistance standard.
Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Green Banana Peel Efendi, Elene Afrisia; Faiz Putra Djatmiko; Ely Kurniati
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v13i3.7876

Abstract

Karbon aktif adalah bahan padat yang memiliki pori dan mengandung 85% - 95% karbon dan 5% - 15% adalah deposit. Karbon aktif mengalami proses aktivasi secara fisik maupun kimia. Aktivasi secara fisik yaitu berupa arang, sedangkan secara kimia yaitu merendam arang menggunakan bahan kimia. Karbon aktif umumnya digunakan sebagai adsorben. Kulit pisang tersusun atas senyawa berkarbon yaitu lignin, selulosa dan hemiselulosa sebesar 8,90%, 9,90%, 41.38%. Senyawa inilah yang dapat menjadikan kulit pisang hijau dalam pembuatan karbon aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan waktu proses pirolisis dari limbah kulit pisang hijau terhadap uji kadar abu, uji kadar air dan uji luas permukaan BET serta mengetahui luas permukaan karbon aktif dari kulit pisang hijau dengan uji BET. Metode penelitian meliputi persiapan bahan baku, proses pirolisis, aktivasi dan uji hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu dan suhu proses pirolisis memiliki pengaruh yang cukup signifikan terhadap karakteristik dari karbon aktif kulit pisang hijau dari jumlah kadar abu, kadar air, dan luas permukaan analisa BET serta karbon aktif dari kulit pisang hijau dengan hasil terbaik pada suhu 400  dengan waktu 150 menit diperoleh luas permukaan BET sebesar 313,089 m²/gr dan single point surface area sebesar 323,1100 m²/gr. Kesimpulannya, hasil terbaik yang diperoleh belum dapat memenuhi baku mutu SNI 06-3730-1995 sehingga belum dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif bahan baku pembuatan karbon aktif.
Utilization of Plantain Skin Pectin (Musa paradisiaca L.) as an Edible Coating to Extend the Shelf Life of Red Grapes Indriasari, Listy; Kusuma, Samuel Budi Wardhana
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v13i3.7950

Abstract

Red grapes are a fruit that easily rots after harvest. Various methods have been developed to extend the shelf life of grapes post-harvest, such as refrigeration and fumigation with sulfur dioxide. However, this preservation method is considered less efficient. Therefore, better preservation methods are needed, such as providing edible coating. Edible coating can be made from pectin compounds extracted from Kepok banana peels. Kepok bananas are a type of banana that is widely consumed by Indonesian people. In this study, kepok banana peel pectin was extracted using the UAE method. The coating of red grapes is carried out using the dipping method, with varying times of 5, 10, and 20 minutes. The aim of this research was to determine the characteristics of kepok banana peel pectin, the effect of dipping time and storage temperature on the characteristics of red grapes. The results of pectin extracted from Kepok banana peels in this study included low methoxy pectin with a yield of 2.11%. Different immersion times and storage temperatures showed an influence on the characteristics of red grapes. The smallest weight loss was obtained when the immersion time was 5 minutes at refrigerator temperature (0.65%). The best water content was obtained in the immersion treatment time of 5 minutes at room temperature (86.81%). Vitamin C levels can be maintained by immersion treatment for 20 minutes at refrigerator temperature (2.96%). The smallest color difference was obtained when the dyeing time was 10 minutes at refrigerator temperature (6.69%).
In Silico Study of Active Compounds in Guava Leaves (Psidium guajava L.) toward Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) as target for hypertension Hess, Aurelina Yunita; Ramadhani, Siti Zhahira; Andhryanti, Rifa Nurfadila; Zhafirah, Noor; Muljono, Fajar Oktavian; Fardhan, Firghi Muhammad; Novitasari, Dhania
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v13i3.8648

Abstract

Hipertensi adalah suatu kondisi medis kronis yang terjadi ketika tekanan darah melebihi batas normal sehingga dapat meningkatkan risiko komplikasi penyakit lainnya seperti penyakit jantung. Pengobatan hipertensi saat ini sebagian besar menggunakan obat golongan Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Salah satu bahan alam yang memiliki potensi menurunkan tekanan darah ialah daun jambu biji. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi senyawa aktif yang terdapat pada daun jambu biji terhadap interaksi secara molekuler pada protein ACE dengan pendekatan studi in silico. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengujian ini meliputi karakteristik drug likeness berdasarkan kaidah Lipinski, prediksi profil ADMET, penapisan farmakofor, dan penambatan molekul. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan senyawa asam klorogenat dan luteolin yang terkandung pada daun jambu biji memiliki interaksi baik dengan protein target ACE berdasarkan energi ikatannya. Oleh karena itu, daun biji dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai kandidat berbasis bahan alam untuk membantu dalam terapi hipertensi.
Effects of the Extraction Methods on the Total Phenolic Content, the Total Flavonoid Content, and the Antioxidant Activity of the Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Leaf Extracts Tinasy, Nur Audiyah; Wijayati, Nanik
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v13i3.9557

Abstract

Bad air conditions can be caused by cigarette smoke, industrial fumes, or vehicle exhaust gases. This condition can result in the emergence of free radicals. A free radical can cause a chain reaction that can damage tissue. This reaction can be dampened by compounds that are antioxidants. Mango leaf (Mangifera indica L.) contain flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. Flavonoid compounds are known to have the ability to act as antioxidants. Flavonoid compounds are highly unstable and can be significantly lost during various stages of processing. Therefore, an efficient extraction process is needed to maintain the compound content in natural ingredients. This research aims to analyze the optimal method that can produce total phenolic content, total flavonoids, and high antioxidant activity. The extraction methods used include ultrasonic wave-assisted extraction, reflux, and maceration. Determination of total phenolic content was carried out using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, total flavonoid content was carried out using the AlCl3 reagent, and antioxidant activity was carried out using the DPPH method. The results showed that the highest TPC was obtained by maceration extraction which produced a TPC of 218.86 ± 4.95 mgGAE/g, the highest TPC was obtained by reflux extraction which produced a TFC of 301.97 ± 30.07 mgQE/g, and the highest antioxidant activity was obtained by maceration extraction which produced an IC50 value of 5.20 µg/mL.
Analysis of Lead (Pb) Contamination in Lipstick and Eye Shadow Powder in the King Street Market in Bandar Lampung Using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer Method Alya Pinahayu Sakanthi; Syaikhul Aziz; Salsa Nabila Ahlika Ulya; Auli, Winni
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v13i3.11465

Abstract

  Lipsticks and eye shadows are cosmetics frequently used by women every day. Some cosmetic products contain heavy metals like lead. This study aims to validate the UV-Visible Spectrophotometer method for analyzing lead in cosmetics and determine the lead content in lipsticks and eye shadows. Sample preparation was conducted using closed wet digestion with reflux. The samples consisted of 5 lipsticks and eye shadows from the King Street Market in Bandar Lampung. Lead content was determined using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer after method validation. Validation parameters included selectivity, linearity (correlation coefficient = 0.998), accuracy (% recovery = 99-100%), precision (%RSD = < 2% for all experiments), detection limit 0.044 µg/mL, and quantitation limit 0.148 µg/mL, all of which met validity criteria. Lead levels in lipsticks ranged from ±6,000 to 11,000 µg/gram, while in eye shadows, they ranged from ±5,000 to 10,000 µg/gram. The results indicate that lead levels in lipsticks and eye shadows exceed the BPOM RI limit of 20 µg/gram.
Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Clove and Moringa Tea and their Antioxidant Activities using the DPPH Method Sri Anggini Wahyuningsih; Sudarmin; Nanik Wijayati; Neli Syahida Ni'ma
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v13i3.13268

Abstract

Senyawa volatil merupakan dasar dari suatu aroma dan termasuk dalam metabolit sekunder yang diproduksi tumbuhan dan bersifat mudah menguap. Metabolit sekunder yang terkandung didalam tumbuhan memiliki aktivitas farmakologis salah satunya yaitu sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa volatil dan menguji aktivitas antioksidan teh cengkeh dan kelor yang diekstrak dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Hasil identifikasi senyawa volatil menggunakan GC-MS pada teh cengkeh dan kelor masing-masing terdeteksi 6 puncak senyawa kimia. Hasil uji senyawa volatil dengan FTIR pada kedua sampel terdeteksi adanya  gugus O-H fenolik, C-H, C=O, dan C-O alkohol. Pada teh cengkeh terdapat tambahan gugus C-H aromatik. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis dideteksi pada panjang gelombang 517 nm. Hasil IC50 pada uji antioksidan pada teh cengkeh dan kelor masing-masing yaitu 11,63 µg/mL dan 34,40 µg/mL.
Bibliometric Analysis of Chemistry Publication Trends on Scopus in The Era of Big Data Bakti, Andi Budi
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Publisher : Prodi Kimia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v13i3.14025

Abstract

In the 21st century, chemistry has seen a major shift in data management practices. Analyzing research trends is crucial for maintaining relevance and innovation. This study aims to: (1) identify the contributions of researchers and institutions and assess their impact; (2) map the network of interactions among publications, references, topics, researchers, and institutions; and (3) predict future directions and recommend research opportunities in chemistry. This study employs bibliometric analysis and science mapping techniques with VOSviewer. The study finds that: (1) J. M. Cole and the United States are the leading contributors; (2) big data research in chemistry is not yet deeply and continuously explored, with researchers often working in small groups and focusing on topics such as "machine learning," "chemometrics," "cheminformatics," and "deep learning"; and (3) "data mining" is underexplored, presenting new research opportunities and directions for chemistry in the era of big data.

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