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Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science
Published by Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30308518     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61511/ijroms.v1i2.2024
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities,
Religion Humanities
Aim and Scope Dharmakirti: International Journal of Religion, Mind, and Science (IJROMS) is a leading peer-reviewed and open-access journal, published by Institute for Advanced Social, Science, and Sustainable Future (IASSSF), Jakarta, Indonesia, with e-ISSN: 3030-8518. IJROMS is published twice a year (February and August), and all articles published are available online with open access. Aims IJROMS aims to explore the profound connections between religion, mental processes, and scientific inquiry. The journal bridges spiritual practices with scientific discoveries to enrich understanding of how religious and mental dimensions impact and are influenced by scientific progress. Focus IJROMS focuses on innovative research that integrates religion, mental processes, and science. It encourages exploration of the interactions between religious beliefs, mental experiences, and scientific advancements. Scope This journal seeks to publish a broad range of scholarly articles, including: Interactions between Spirituality and Scientific Knowledge: Studies on how spiritual practices contribute to the development of scientific theories and vice versa, and how these domains influence each other. Impact of Religious Beliefs on Cognition and Emotion: Research on how religious beliefs shape cognitive and emotional processes and their effects on mental well-being. Connections between Spiritual Rituals and Scientific Research: Examination of how spiritual rituals and practices interact with and influence scientific research and technological innovation. Integration of Religious Perspectives in Contemporary Scientific Models: Exploration of integrative approaches where religious principles are applied in modern scientific models to create new research methodologies. Dialogue between Religious Theories and New Scientific Discoveries: Analysis of how existing religious theories adapt to new scientific discoveries and how this interaction affects religious practices. Spiritual Exploration in Scientific and Technological Contexts: Research on how spiritual perspectives influence the development of technology and scientific innovations, and the application of religious principles in technology. Social Impact of Integrating Religion, Mind, and Science: Investigation of how the integration of religion, mental processes, and science affects social dynamics and its implications for public policy and education.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 3 No. 2: April (2026)" : 10 Documents clear
Analysis of the three fundamental frameworks of Hindu: Karya Agung Mamungkah Wrhespati Kalpa Utama Ngenteg Linggih at Pura Agung Mpu Kuturan Singaraja Nova, Ketut Agus; Sudiana, I Gusti Ngurah; Kartika, Ni Gusti Ayu
Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science Vol. 3 No. 2: April (2026)
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/ijroms.v3i2.2026.2378

Abstract

Background: This study examines the implementation of the Karya Agung Mamungkah Wrhaspati Kalpa Utama Ngenteg Linggih at Pura Agung Mpu Kuturan, Institut Agama Hindu Negeri (IAHN) Mpu Kuturan Singaraja, through the analytical framework of the Three Basic Frameworks of Hinduism (Tattwa, Susila, and Acara). The research is motivated by the temple’s “floating” functional status, which does not fully conform to traditional classifications such as Kahyangan Jagat, Kawitan, or Swagina temples, yet accommodates a large-scale and complex ritual typically associated with universal-scale temples. Methods: Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews with key informants including religious leaders, lecturers, students, and institutional authorities, as well as document analysis. The data were analyzed using an interactive model involving data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, guided by the analytical framework of Tattwa, Susila, and Acara and supported by relevant sociological and religious theories. Findings: The findings reveal that the implementation of the ceremony is grounded in a conceptual synthesis that positions the campus temple as a hybrid form integrating elements of Kahyangan Jagat and Swagina. The ritual procession, guided by sacred texts such as Lontar Bhama Kertih, includes preparatory stages, core rituals such as Mecaru, Melaspas, and Melasti, culminating in Ngenteg Linggih as the installation of divine presence, and concluding with Masineb. This ritual has a multifaceted impact: it strengthens spirituality through experiential learning, fosters social solidarity (ngayah), enhances institutional quality and student engagement, and preserves cultural continuity across generations.  Conclusion: The study concludes that the Karya Agung functions not merely as a ritual activity but as a transformative mechanism that integrates spirituality, institutional development, and cultural preservation within the context of higher education. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study introduces the concept of the campus temple as a “spiritual laboratory,” offering an innovative integrative model of Tattwa–Susila–Acara within modern higher education institutions.
Art therapy nusantara: Integrating local arts to strengthen self-esteem and mental health Kurniawati, Anisa Yulia; Rusdiana, Fendi Krisna
Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science Vol. 3 No. 2: April (2026)
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/ijroms.v3i2.2026.2456

Abstract

Background: Indonesia's rich cultural heritage provides a foundation for integrating traditional arts into psychological interventions. Art therapy has long been recognized for its significant potential in enhancing emotional regulation and self-esteem. However, most existing interventions are rooted in a Western context, thus neglecting local cultural values. This study aims to explore the application of art therapy based on local Indonesian culture as a means to enhance self-esteem and emotional well-being. Methods: This study employed a qualitative approach based on literature studies by analyzing various empirical findings related to art therapy, self-esteem, and cultural adaptation in mental health interventions. The analysis focused on identifying cultural elements that can be integrated into art therapy, such as batik-making, gamelan-playing, and pantun-writing, and examining the psychological mechanisms underlying their therapeutic impact. Findings: The study showed that the creative process in traditional arts not only serves as a means of emotional release but also encourages self-reflection, identity formation, and cultural pride. Activities such as batik-making and gamelan-playing collectively foster patience, concentration, and togetherness, which play a role in strengthening self-esteem. Furthermore, recent research, conducted in 2023–2024, demonstrated that structured art therapy can enhance multidimensional self-esteem. However, challenges such as limited facilitator competency, the risk of reducing cultural meaning, and limited access remain major obstacles to the implementation of culture-based art therapy in Indonesia. Conclusion: Integrating local arts into therapeutic practice is a promising and contextual approach to improving the mental health of Indonesians. This study emphasizes the importance of collaboration between mental health professionals and arts and culture practitioners to ensure that arts-based interventions maintain psychological integrity and cultural values. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study contributes to the development of culture-based psychology by proposing a conceptual model of art therapy unique to Indonesia. This model emphasizes the synergy of modern psychotherapy approaches with traditional arts wisdom as a sustainable and culturally relevant intervention to improve self-esteem and mental well-being.
Exploring the Rāmāyana relief as a pillar supporting cultural tourism identity at the Bali international convention center Negara, I Gusti Ngurah Wija; Choudhury, Subhajit; Sugiarti
Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science Vol. 3 No. 2: April (2026)
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/ijroms.v3i2.2026.2653

Abstract

Background: This study explores the presence of 20 Rāmāyana relief panels at the Bali International Convention Centre (BICC) in Nusa Dua, serving as pillars of Balinese cultural tourism identity. The reliefs represent the Kakawin Rāmāyana narrative, which has been adapted into Balinese carving aesthetics through the technique of multiple-layer carving, integrating local flora and fauna symbols, Balinese Hindu cosmological principles, and the spiritual values of dharma, satya, and bhakti. Methods: Using a descriptive qualitative method with an interpretive approach, this research involved field observations, in-depth interviews with managers, and visual analysis. Findings: The results show that the relief serves as an aesthetic representation that constructs the spiritual and visual image of a world-class cultural destination; as an educational medium that facilitates the transfer of moral values, cross-cultural learning, and visual cultural diplomacy; and as a reinforcement of the socio-economic dimension through the empowerment of local artists, the preservation of traditional carving techniques, and the increase in the economic value of creativity in the premium tourism industry. Conclusion: This study confirms that the Rāmāyana relief is a strategic instrument for preserving Balinese cultural identity amid globalization, but it remains limited to a single location. Novelty/Originality of this article: Therefore, further research with a comparative, quantitative approach is recommended to broaden the generalizability of the findings.
Implementation of Tri Hita Karana practices as a strategy to increase tourist attractiveness at Moksa Ubud restaurant Harinita, Ni Luh Gede; Somawati, Ayu Veronika
Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science Vol. 3 No. 2: April (2026)
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/ijroms.v3i2.2026.2659

Abstract

Background: This study aims to analyze the application of Tri Hita Karana values in the management of Moksa Ubud Restaurant and their role in attracting tourists. The concept of Tri Hita Karana, rooted in the philosophy of balance between humans and God (Parhyangan), humans and fellow humans (Pawongan), and humans and nature (Palemahan), provides an important basis for developing sustainable culinary tourism practices. Methods: This study uses a qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews with restaurant managers, and documentation of activities. Data validity is established through source and method triangulation. Findings: The results show that Moksa Ubud Restaurant has successfully implemented Tri Hita Karana in all aspects of its operations. The value of Parhyangan is reflected in the spirituality and gratitude inherent in the work culture of employees; Pawongan is manifested through harmonious relationships between management, employees, and the local community; while Palemahan is applied through environmentally friendly practices such as organic farming, waste management, and the use of local ingredients. The promotional strategy, which highlights sustainability and culinary experiences rooted in local wisdom, has proven effective in attracting tourists, especially ecotourists and millennials. Conclusion: The impact of implementing Tri Hita Karana can be seen in increased tourist visits, economic empowerment of the surrounding community, and the preservation of cultural values and traditional farming practices that directly involve tourists. Novelty/Originality of this article: Thus, the implementation of Tri Hita Karana at Moksa Ubud Restaurant is not only a cultural identity but also a sustainability strategy that strengthens the appeal of culinary tourism in Ubud.
Development of local wisdom-based ecotourism traditional houses in the digital age Sarka, I Ketut; Thao, Phung Thi
Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science Vol. 3 No. 2: April (2026)
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/ijroms.v3i2.2026.2701

Abstract

Background: In the post-pandemic era, Bali’s tourism industry has shifted toward natural attractions to avoid mass tourism. In Sembung Village, Badung, the development of ecotourism rooted in tradition and culture is now integrated with digital technology. This study aims to analyze the development of ecotourism in the region while preserving the philosophical values of traditional Balinese houses from excessive commodification. Methods: This study uses a qualitative research approach to understand why and how the potential of traditional Balinese houses can be developed into a sustainable ecotourism model. Findings: The development of traditional house-based ecotourism in Sembung Village in the digital era is at the crossroads of conservation through commercialization and authenticity versus modernization. Conclusion: The key differentiator (strategic strength) of Sembung Village lies in the philosophical authenticity of its traditional houses, which modern resorts cannot replicate. The development strategy should focus on Digital Narrative-Based Marketing that uses in-depth storytelling to attract the sustainable tourism market segment that values ethics and education. Technology becomes a bridge to narrate philosophy, not just a tool for mass promotion. The most appropriate sustainable tourism model is the Education-Homestay model, managed through the Village-Owned Enterprise (BUMDes). Novelty/Originality of this article: This research bridges the research gap by offering a development model in Sembung Village, where digital technology is not only used for promotion but also as an educational tool to preserve the philosophy of traditional houses.
The role of social support and spiritual well-being on future anxiety among final year students Putri, Azzahra Meita Syamsyiah; Pramintari, Ratna Duhita; Anwa, Aldila Putri
Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science Vol. 3 No. 2: April (2026)
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/ijroms.v3i2.2026.2776

Abstract

Background: Students in their final year usually experience developments marked by various academic and social demands, such as writing a thesis, final exams, and preparing to enter the workforce. Social support and spiritual well-being are considered to play an important role in helping individuals cope with these pressures. Methods: This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the role of social support on spiritual well-being on future anxiety among students who are in their final year. This study uses quantitative research methods. The number of participants involved was 60 participants from the Psychology study program at Universitas Islam “45” The instruments used included the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, and the Future Anxiety Scale. Data analysis was performed using Spearman's rho correlation test and multiple regression. Findings: The analysis findings show that social support and spiritual well-being together do not have a significant effect on future anxiety with a value of R = 0.201, R² = 0.041, and a significance level of 0.307. Conclusion: This means that these two variables only explain 4.1% of the variation in future anxiety, while 95.9% is influenced by other factors such as self-efficacy, life experiences, economic conditions, and individual coping strategies. Although the results are not statistically significant, this information highlights that social support and spiritual well-being play an important conceptual role in maintaining the psychological balance of students as they go through the transition phase to adulthood. Novelty/Originality of this article: The innovation of this study lies in the simultaneous analysis of social and spiritual dimensions on future anxiety in the context of final-year students at Islamic universities, which has been minimally researched empirically in Indonesia and provides a basis for the development of psychological interventions based on social and spiritual aspects to support student well-being.
Social communication and dynamics of subak culture in the preservation of Ulun Suwi Temple Nyoman, Nyoman Merta; Sudiana, I Gusti Ngurah; Wastawa , I Wayan
Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science Vol. 3 No. 2: April (2026)
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/ijroms.v3i2.2026.3326

Abstract

Background: Social communication among heterogeneous communities within the cultural dynamics of the subak system in the Subak Tegal area of the Bumi Dalung Permai Housing Complex plays a crucial role in the preservation of Ulun Suwi Temple. This article aims to examine the urgency of social communication within the dynamics of subak culture and its contribution to temple preservation in a socially and spatially transformed environment. Methods: Data were collected through in-depth interviews, document analysis, and field observations. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed for data analysis. Findings: The findings indicate that sustained social communication functions as a mechanism to mitigate value and identity conflicts, prevent declining ritual participation, and reduce the risk of social disintegration. Continuous interaction between Subak Tegal members and non-farmer residents of the Bumi Dalung Permai Housing Complex has facilitated a transformation in the meaning and identity of Ulun Suwi Temple, from an agrarian Subak temple into a unifying symbol of Hindu religious identity within a heterogeneous residential community. The participation of non-farmer Hindus reflects all types of social action as conceptualized by Max Weber, including goal-oriented, value-oriented, affective, and traditional actions. Conclusion: This study concludes that effective social communication between the farming community and the diverse residential community is key to transforming Pura Ulun Suwi from an agrarian symbol into a unifying symbol of religious identity, thereby ensuring the sustainability of cultural heritage amid the challenges of urbanization. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study offers a novel contribution by demonstrating that the preservation of a subak temple in an urbanized residential setting is not solely dependent on traditional agrarian structures or customary regulations, but is significantly shaped by effective social communication that enables cross-group collaboration.
Tantrāyāna in Nusantara: Historical development of Tantra from Sriwijaya to the Gelgel Kingdom Siswadi, Gede Agus; Lasiyo; Murtiningsih, Rr. Siti
Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science Vol. 3 No. 2: April (2026)
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/ijroms.v3i2.2026.3602

Abstract

Background: This article examines the early emergence of Tantra and the historical development of Tantrāyāna in the Indonesian archipelago (Nusantara) by tracing the dynamics of transmission, transformation, and localization from South Asia to Southeast Asia. The discussion begins with a mapping of academic debates on the origins of Tantra, particularly between perspectives that emphasize the continuity of pre-Tantric practices and those that assert a sectarian origin of Tantra within Śaiva and Buddhist traditions. Method: This study employs a qualitative method with a historical–interpretative approach to investigate the development of Tantrāyāna in Nusantara from the early period to classical Balinese history. The research data are derived from library research, including primary texts, inscriptions, and relevant secondary scholarly works. Findings: The study demonstrates that Tantrism did not emerge as a static system, but rather developed as a fluid, dynamic, and cross-traditional historical process. In the South Asian context, the article highlights the interaction of Tantrism with Vedānta and Bhakti, as well as the diversity of philosophical interpretations, especially concerning non-dualism. The existence of esoteric Buddhist centers such as Sriwijaya, along with the development of Buddhist Tantra and Śaiva–Buddhist traditions in Java, indicates that Nusantara constituted a significant region in the history of Tantrāyāna. Through an analysis of Tantric texts, inscriptions, religious monuments, and Javanese–Balinese literary traditions, this article reveals the continuity of Tantric teachings from the Śailendra, Medang, Singasari, to the Majapahit periods. The discussion culminates in Bali as a distinctive space of Tantric localization, particularly through the transmission of Tantric teachings from East Java and Majapahit to the period of the Gelgel Kingdom of Bali. The roles of religious figures such as Dang Hyang Nirarta and Dang Hyang Astapaka are examined as central to the formation of Śaiva–Buddhist Tantric syncretism that underlies Balinese Hinduism. Conclusion: This article concludes that Tantrāyāna in Nusantara cannot be understood as a passive adoption from India, but rather as a religious tradition shaped through a creative, dialogical, and continuous process involving spiritual experience, political power, and local cosmology. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study finds that the Śaiva–Buddhist tradition that developed in Nusantara is deeply intertwined with Tantric teachings, and that the material and cultural remains of Hindu–Buddhist kingdoms in the Indonesian archipelago are closely connected to the influence of Tantrism.
Reconstructing character education through the Dharma–Prema curriculum: A perspective on education policy Donder, I Ketut; Tiwari, Sandhya; I Ketut Wardana; Maheswari, Prasanthy Devi; Jero, Ni Wayan Jemiwi
Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science Vol. 3 No. 2: April (2026)
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/ijroms.v3i2.2026.3681

Abstract

Background: This study is motivated by structural problems in the implementation of character education in Indonesia, which tends to be normative and instructional in nature and has not yet deeply addressed the dimension of value internalization. A number of studies indicate that the dominant approach to character education remains oriented toward formal compliance, making it less effective in fostering students’ ethical and affective awareness. In this context, this study aims to reconstruct character education through the Dharma-Prema-Based Love Curriculum as a form of policy intervention that integrates the dimensions of moral duty (dharma) and universal love (prema) within a transformative educational framework. Methods: This study employs a qualitative approach using an educational policy analysis design and a descriptive-analytical approach. Data collection techniques involved documentary analysis and phased in-depth interviews, while data analysis was conducted through data reduction, thematic categorization, interpretation of meaning, and the drawing of analytical conclusions, emphasizing the interrelationship between policy issues, curriculum design, and their strategic implications. Findings: The research findings indicate that the Dharma-Prema-Based Love Curriculum possesses the conceptual and practical capacity to address the reductionism of character education by holistically integrating cognitive, affective, and spiritual dimensions. This model strengthens the internalization of values through reflective experiences, ethical practices, and empathetic social relationships, thereby contributing to sustainable character development. Analytically, the research results indicate that the synthesis between dharma and prema provides a stronger normative and practical foundation compared to administrative and fragmentary policy approaches. Conclusion: The study’s conclusion affirms that the reconstruction of character education through the Dharma–Prema Curriculum offers a new strategic direction in Indonesia’s educational policy-one that is more integrative, reflective, and contextual, in supporting human resource development toward Indonesia Emas 2045. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty/originality of this article lies in the development of a curriculum model based on the philosophical synthesis of Dharma–Prema as an educational character policy intervention that systematically connects conceptual, normative, and implementational dimensionsm an approach that has not been extensively studied within the context of national education policy.
Parabrahman symbolism and the majesty of Prambanan Temple: Analyze its role in global Hindu traditions Pareek, Ashutosh; Widiasih, Ni Nyoman Sri; Tina Manandhar
Dharmakirti : International Journal of Religion, Mind and Science Vol. 3 No. 2: April (2026)
Publisher : Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61511/ijroms.v3i2.2026.3683

Abstract

Background: Prambanan Temple, one of the largest Hindu temple complexes in Southeast Asia, can be understood not only as an architectural monument but as a theological system that materializes the concept of Parabrahman, the absolute, infinite principle underlying all existence. This study aims to analyze how architectural structure, spatial organization, and visual narratives within the temple articulate the relationship between transcendental unity and divine manifestations in Hindu theology. Methods: This research employs a qualitative interpretive approach integrating library research, field observation, visual-architectural documentation, and semi-structured interviews with selected experts. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis, interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), and visual-semiotic analysis, supported by methodological triangulation to ensure analytical rigor. Findings: The findings reveal that the tripartite structure dedicated to the Trimurti (Brahma, Vishnu, and Śiva) represents a hierarchical cosmology in which Parabrahman is not directly depicted but symbolically mediated through spatial stratification, sacred geometry, and narrative reliefs. The central dominance of the Śiva temple reflects a theological synthesis in which multiplicity converges into a unified metaphysical principle. Furthermore, the reliefs function as visual exegesis, translating abstract cosmological doctrines into accessible symbolic forms that guide spiritual understanding and ritual practice. Conclusion: This study concludes that Prambanan Temple operates as a form of material theology, bridging metaphysical concepts and lived religious experience, and reinforcing the continuity of Hindu theological discourse beyond its Indian origins. Its significance lies in its capacity to encode complex philosophical ideas into enduring architectural and visual forms. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this research lies in its integrative analytical framework that combines theological hermeneutics, iconographic analysis, and integral consciousness theory to position Prambanan Temple as an active epistemic medium for constructing and transmitting the concept of Parabrahman, an approach that remains underexplored in existing scholarship.

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