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Sustainable Research and Community Engagement Model in Indonesian Public Universities: Legal and Policy Perspectives Irawaty Irawaty; R Benny Riyanto; Dina Silvia Puteri; Nurul Fibrianti; Ridwan Arifin; Wahyudin Wahyudin
Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jphi.v9i1.35960

Universities must not stand alone and act as institutions that are not related to communities. Education should elevate scholars, not only in terms of thinking but also in terms of giving positive contribution to communities. In Indonesia, there are some types of status of universities, one of them is named public universities with legal entity (PTN-BH). This type of status is also mandated to provide contributions to communities that should be aligned with results of previous research conducted by universties’ scholars or vice versa. Nevertheless, regulations on how research and community engangement through such model may be realized remain limited. Thus, this work aims to establish a model for such research and community engangement by considering the existing policy and regulations. This research used quantitative approach. Data gathered through semi-structured interviews, documents analysis, and case studies from selected PTN-BH. Methods of analyzing data were thematically identified patterns, challenges, and best practices. The findings were: (1) it is essential for PTN-BH to establish robust policy and regulations, (2) constitute how to have sustainable engagement projects between PTN-BH with communities, and (3) determine sustainable mutual benefits. The model that is proposed has been developed through careful consideration of policy and laws that have been there as enabling factors not as barriers. Thus, the contibution of this study is the notion of the necessity of sustainable connection between PTN-BH with community that corresponds with the existing policy and regulations. This aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 4: Quality Education.

Legal Strategies in Empowering Msmes Through Assistance to Support The Local Economic Ecosystem in Banyuanyar Village Itok Dwi Kurniawan; Dara Pustika Sukma; Ismawati Septiningsih; Bambang Santoso; Muhammad Rustamaji; Jose Gama Santos
Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jphi.v9i1.35966

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are a vital pillar of the national economy due to their contribution to job creation and local economic resilience. However, in rural areas such as Banyuanyar Village, MSMEs still face serious challenges, particularly in terms of business legality. Limited understanding of the importance of business licensing, restricted access to information, and financial constraints remain the main obstacles for MSME actors to obtain proper legal status. In response to these challenges, an assistance program was implemented with the aim of optimizing the legality of MSME products through three main approaches: education, technical assistance, and financial facilitation. The activities were carried out using interactive lectures, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and participatory approaches (Built-in Participatory). The results of the FGD revealed that Banyuanyar Village already has an economic potential based on the concept of "One Village One Product." However, most MSME products still lack legal protection such as Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). Following the assistance, there was an increase in community awareness regarding the registration of IPR for their products, along with concrete support from the Village Government in facilitating the process. In conclusion, participatory legal assistance has proven to be effective in strengthening a legal, inclusive, and sustainable MSME ecosystem at the village level. This aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth.

Legal Aid and Community Empowerment in Trademark Protection for Public Procurement: Comparative Reflections from Indonesia, the United States, and Spain I Gede Agus Kurniawan; Khalid Mustafa; Putu Aras Samsithawrati; Fradhana Putra Disantara; Dinara F. Abdunayimova; Antonio Gutiérrez-Pozo
Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jphi.v9i1.36963

The increasing integration of intellectual property protection into public procurement has transformed trademarks from private commercial assets into strategic legal instruments that support fair competition, legal certainty, and accountable public governance. Nevertheless, many micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) continue to face significant barriers in obtaining trademark protection due to limited legal literacy, inadequate legal assistance, and fragmented institutional support. This study aims to examine the contribution of legal aid to strengthening trademark protection for business actors participating in public procurement, analyze how community empowerment is institutionalized in Indonesia, the United States, and Spain, and formulate a more inclusive legal framework for Indonesian public procurement through comparative legal analysis. This research employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Legal materials consist of legislation, international legal instruments, academic literature, government reports, and institutional publications, which are analyzed through descriptive, comparative, and prescriptive methods. The findings demonstrate that legal aid should be reconceptualized as a preventive governance instrument encompassing legal education, trademark registration assistance, institutional collaboration, and community empowerment rather than merely litigation services. Comparative analysis reveals that the United States and Spain have developed integrated institutional models involving government agencies, universities, legal clinics, professional organizations, and business communities, whereas Indonesia continues to experience fragmented institutional coordination and limited preventive legal support. Accordingly, Indonesia should reconstruct its trademark protection framework by institutionalizing collaborative legal assistance, strengthening trademark literacy, integrating intellectual property protection into public procurement policies, and enhancing interagency cooperation to promote legal certainty, fair competition, inclusive economic participation, and sustainable public procurement governance. This aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.

Community Empowerment and Tax Law Reform in Strengthening Consumer Protection: A Comparative Study of Indonesia, Nigeria, and India Anik Kunantiyorini; Dwi Edi Wibowo; Achmad Soeharto; Geraldha Islami Putra Disantara; Uche Nnawulezi; Uzodinma Yurriens Ezenduka
Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jphi.v9i1.37520

The rapid expansion of the digital economy has intensified consumer protection challenges in developing countries, particularly in cross-border digital transactions where information asymmetry, price opacity, and limited regulatory capacity expose consumers to unfair commercial practices. While tax law has traditionally been regarded as an instrument for generating state revenue, its regulatory function offers significant potential to strengthen consumer protection in digital markets. This study examines the construction of tax law as a consumer protection instrument in Indonesia, India, and Nigeria, analyzes the role of community empowerment in supporting responsive tax reform, and formulates an integrated policy model based on a functional comparative approach. This research employs normative legal research using comparative, statutory, and conceptual approaches. The comparative analysis adopts the functional comparative method developed by Konrad Zweigert and Hein Kötz, while legal materials consist of legislation, judicial and policy documents, academic literature, and relevant institutional reports. The findings demonstrate that the three jurisdictions adopt different approaches to integrating tax law with consumer protection. Indonesia emphasizes market neutrality through digital value-added tax reform, India explicitly protects consumers through anti-profiteering provisions under the Central Goods and Services Tax Act 2017, whereas Nigeria primarily prioritizes fiscal revenue mobilization with limited consumer-oriented safeguards. The study further reveals that responsive regulation, co-regulation, fiscal literacy, and community participation significantly influence the effectiveness of tax law beyond formal legal norms. Accordingly, this study proposes an integrated model of responsive tax governance that combines substantive tax justice, co-regulatory institutional arrangements, community empowerment, and digital transparency mechanisms to strengthen consumer protection in digital commerce while accommodating the legal pluralism and institutional diversity of developing countries. This is in line with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 12: Responsible Consumption and Production.

Combating Speculative Investment through Legal and Syariah Literacy: A Community Engagement Approach for Biased Young Investors Aisa Rurkinantia; Bagas Heradhyaksa; Riza Fibriani; Ery Agus Priyono; Muhamad Azhar; Zulkarnaen Ahmad
Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jphi.v9i1.44950

Young investors under 30 now constitute 55.8% of Indonesia's 13.7 million individual investors. The national financial literacy index stands at 66.64% and the sharia financial literacy index at 43.42%. This gap leaves young investors highly vulnerable to Fear of Missing Out (FOMO). FOMO-based behaviour may violate Article 91 of Law Number 8 of 1995 on Capital Markets and contradicts DSN-MUI Fatwa Number 80/2011 on sharia investment principles. This program aimed to recalibrate the mindset of the Semarang Young Investor Community from speculative toward legally-aware, analytically-grounded investment practice. The study employed Participatory Action Research (PAR) through an in-person seminar on 1 November 2025 in Semarang. A five-pillar ecosystem was established: UIN Walisongo, IDX Central Java, Mirae Asset Sekuritas, AISA, and the Semarang Young Investor Community. Impact was measured through a mixed-methods design combining pre-test (n=65), post-test (n=45), and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The mean comprehension score rose from 58.0 to 78.0 — a 20-point gain. The proportion in the High category increased from 19% to 65%. FGD findings confirm that participants identified influencer-based stock promotion as a potential violation of Article 91 and understood DSN-MUI Fatwa Number 80/2011 The program's novelty is threefold: targeting already-included, bias-vulnerable investors; integrating legal literacy as a core component; and combining PAR with a replicable five-pillar ecosystem model. This study proposes a paradigm shift from Education for Inclusion toward Education for Rationality and Legal Awareness. Investor vulnerability to FOMO constitutes a legal protection failure that legal literacy-based community engagement can directly address. This aligns the program with SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions), through its emphasis on investor legal protection, and SDG 4 (Quality Education), through its capacity-building outcome in the partner community.

Community Law Laboratory (Laboratorium Hukum Masyarakat) as a Participatory Socio-Legal Intervention for Inclusive Tourism Village Development: Evidence from Lerep Village, Indonesia Muhammad Azil Maskur; Dede Indraswara; Wildan Azkal Fikri; Yustina Dhian Novita; Muhamad Helmi Md Said
Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jphi.v9i1.46167

The development of tourism villages often creates a paradox: economically successful yet exclusive towards vulnerable groups. Lerep Village, as a premier destination, faces an acute normative-empirical gap between legal ideality (Semarang Regency Regional Regulation No. 12/2021) and the reality of infrastructural exclusion for persons with disabilities. This community service research aims to (1) analyze the factors causing this exclusion and (2) evaluate the effectiveness of the Community Law Laboratory (LHM) as a participatory socio-legal intervention to bridge this gap. Employing a socio-legal approach operationalized through the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) methodology, the intervention was conducted over a 12-month period (October 2025 – October 2026). The methodology was executed through a six-step systematic framework: normative assessment, stakeholder mapping, participatory mapping (including transect walks), pair-wise ranking for problem prioritization, action plan formulation, and evaluation. The program engaged approximately 100 participants, alongside 30 village officials and tourism managers. The LHM effectively acted as a "socio-legal incubator". Through these specific PRA techniques, the intervention successfully dismantled the charitable paradigm among the village apparatus, shifting it toward a human rights-based approach. This collective awareness resulted in the participatory formulation of an Inclusive "Design and Build" Action Plan, designed for integration into the Village Budget (APBDes). By transforming abstract legal norms into concrete local policies, the PRA-based LHM model provides a scalable framework for other tourism villages in Indonesia to actively advance the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions).

Socialization of Maladministration-Free Public Services within the Jurisdiction of the Ombudsman Representative Office of the Republic of Indonesia, Central Java Province Kun Retno Handayani; Martitah Martitah; Indah Sri Utari; Yuli Prasetyo Adhi; Rahmawati Mohd. Yusoff
Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): (January-June 2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jphi.v9i1.48095

The public continuously demands high-quality public services from the government. However, these expectations are often unmet because public service delivery remains characterized by bureaucratic complexity, inefficiency, legal uncertainty, and procedures that are perceived as burdensome. To ensure that public services are delivered effectively and in accordance with the principles of good governance, robust external oversight is essential. In this regard, the Indonesian Ombudsman plays a central role as an independent supervisory institution responsible for preventing maladministration and safeguarding citizens’ rights in public service delivery. This community service initiative, implemented in collaboration with the Representative Office of the Indonesian Ombudsman for Central Java Province, employed several approaches, including audiovisual public education through an interactive dialogue program on RRI Pro 1 Semarang, the establishment of community networks concerned with maladministration, the Ombudsman on The Spot outreach program, and quantitative evaluation using the Public Service Delivery Compliance Survey, which has been transformed into the Ombudsman Opinion starting in 2025. These initiatives contribute to strengthening public awareness, increasing community participation, and improving institutional accountability in public services. The Representative Office of the Indonesian Ombudsman for Central Java Province has successfully resolved hundreds of public complaints with a resolution rate of approximately 90 percent through participatory approaches, mediation, conciliation, and formal recommendations. Furthermore, the expansion of service accessibility through Ombudsman on The Spot and digital reporting applications has enabled residents, particularly those in rural areas of Central Java, to report maladministration more quickly and effectively. These initiatives contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 16 (Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions), by promoting transparent, accountable, inclusive, and citizen-centered public institutions while strengthening public participation in governance and enhancing access to justice through effective oversight mechanisms.

Collaborative Legal Assistance Village Ownes Enterprises in Supporting Msmes to Strengthen Legal Compliance in Banyuanyar Village Ismawati Septiningsih; Itok Dwi Kurniawan; Arsyad Aldyan; Heri Hartanto; Zakki Adlhiyati; Acacio Fernandes
Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): July-December, 2026 (Article in Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jphi.v9i2.35965

Business legality is fundamental to supporting sustainability and legal protection for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The main challenge faced by MSMEs in rural areas, including Banyuanyar Village, is not merely a lack of legal awareness but limited access to legal knowledge, institutional support, and regulatory mechanisms. The main issue in this study is the limited access MSME operators in Banyuanyar Village have to the formal legal system, which affects legal certainty in their economic activities. Through a collaborative legal aid initiative between the Village-Owned Enterprise (BUMDES) and a team of academics, this has become a strategy for community legal empowerment to promote legal certainty and access to economic rights for MSME operators. The activity included legal education on the importance of business legality, facilitation of legal administration such as registration of a Business Identification Number (NIB) and Micro and Small Business Permit (IUMK), and assistance with product certification and Intellectual Property Rights protection. The results show that legal intervention, in collaboration with village economic institutions, can increase the number of MSMEs with formal legality and foster legal awareness among business actors. The synergy between BUMDes and legal assistance can be seen as an implementation of access to justice and legal empowerment within the framework of village-based legal development. This aligns with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) number 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) and number 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production).

Community Legal Empowerment and Local Justice Practices: A Comparative Study of Indonesia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, India, Spain, and Iran Ridwan Arifin; Ena Kazić-Çakar; Abdul Haseeb; Valerio Sebastian; Seyedmohsen Hekmatimoghadam
Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): July-December, 2026 (Article in Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jphi.v9i2.46364

The relationship between formal justice systems and community-based justice remains critical to strengthening access to justice and legal empowerment across diverse socio-legal contexts. Penal culture, characterized by an emphasis on punishment, deterrence, and formal enforcement, may constrain community participation and limit restorative and participatory approaches to justice. This article examines how penal culture influences community legal empowerment and local justice practices through a comparative socio-legal analysis of Indonesia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, India, Spain, and Iran. The study focuses on three interrelated dimensions: legal education and awareness, community assistance and capacity building, and community-based mechanisms for preventing and resolving disputes. Using a comparative case-based approach, the study analyzes interactions between formal legal institutions and local justice practices, including customary dispute resolution, community mediation, legal aid, and paralegal initiatives. The findings reveal a common tension across the five jurisdictions between formal enforcement and community expectations of accessible, responsive, and legitimate justice, despite differences in legal traditions and socio-cultural contexts. Legal education, community assistance, and capacity building can strengthen community participation and improve the ability of local actors to navigate formal and informal justice mechanisms. The study argues that community legal empowerment requires a shift from predominantly punitive approaches toward participatory, restorative, and people-centred justice. By identifying common patterns and contextual differences, this comparative analysis contributes to socio-legal scholarship and provides practical insights for developing more inclusive community-based justice systems.

Reconstructing Indigenous Self-Determination through Maqashid al-Shari'ah: An Inter-Madhhab Analysis of the O'Hongana Manyawa Community in Indonesia Moh. Maulana; Abdul Maasba Magassing; Andi Suriyaman Mustari Pide; Nur Akifah Janur; Zulfahmi AR
Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): July-December, 2026 (Article in Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jphi.v9i2.54355

This study examines the legitimacy of indigenous self-determination in Indonesia under national and Islamic law, using the O'Hongana Manyawa community of Halmahera, North Maluku, as an empirical case. Although the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), ICCPR, and ICESCR recognize self-determination as a fundamental right, its foundation in Islamic jurisprudence remains underexplored. At the same time, Indonesia's constitutional recognition of indigenous peoples has not translated into effective legal protection. Using a socio-legal (juridical-empirical) approach, this study draws on semi-structured interviews with 11 informants, including O'Hongana Manyawa community members, indigenous rights advocates, academics, and state and international actors, supported by analysis of legislation, court decisions, international instruments, and Islamic legal literature. The findings reveal structural weaknesses in Indonesia's protection framework, including declaratory recognition under Article 18B(2) of the Constitution, fragmented institutional authority, and the absence of a legally binding Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) requirement. These weaknesses have facilitated nickel-mining expansion into customary territories without meaningful indigenous consent and contributed to the criminalization of community members between 2013 and 2023. The Islamic legal analysis shows that the four Sunni madhhabs support the protection of indigenous self-determination through distinct doctrines: maslahah mursalah (Maliki), 'urf (Shafi'i), istihsan (Hanafi), and sadd al-dhara'i (Hanbali). The study concludes that indigenous self-determination constitutes internal autonomy within Indonesia's constitutional framework and is normatively grounded in Maqashid al-Shari'ah and international human rights law. This approach contributes to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8 on Decent Work and Economic Growth and SDG 11 on Sustainable Cities and Communities.

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Contact Email jphi@mail.unnes.ac.id

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Editorial Address Sekaran, Kec. Gn. Pati, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50229

Location Kota semarang, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

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Contact Name
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Contact Email
jphi@mail.unnes.ac.id

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Journal Mail Official
jphi@mail.unnes.ac.id

Editorial Address
Sekaran, Kec. Gn. Pati, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50229

Location
Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA