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Jurnal Jurisprudence
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ISSN : 18295045     EISSN : 25495615     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Jurnal Jurisprudence is an academic journal published twice a year by the Magister Law Program of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 61 Documents
 3   4   5   6   7 
Judge's Logical Fallacies And Prospects For The Convict In Supreme Court Decision Number 813 K/PID/2023 Elya, Elya Kusuma Dewi; Muhammad Abdul Aziz; Dyah Adriantini Sintha Dewi; Tanto Lailam; Clarizze Yvoine Mirielle
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 14, No. 1, June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v14i1.3347

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose of the study: This research scrutinizes the judge's logical fallacy in considering the life history and emotional and psychological condition of the Defendant in Supreme Court Decision Number 813 K/Pid/2023 against the Defendant who was found guilty in a case of premeditated murder, which potentially results in a lighter sentence for the Defendant. Methodology: The research methodology used doctrinal methods. Data were collected, selected, grouped, and arranged in narrative form and analyzed qualitatively. The approach used in this research was a normative approach with legal theory analysis to obtain a complete picture of the judge's considerations in implementing decisions. The analysis utilized was content analysis, i.e., interpreting the meanings intended by and in the judge's considerations in Supreme Court Decision Number 813 K/Pid/2023. Results: The research findings exhibited the life history and social circumstances of the Defendant, who, at that time, served as a member of the Indonesian National Police, with his last position as Kadiv Propam (Head of the Professional and Security Division) who had contributed to the state by contributing to maintaining order and security and upholding the law in the country. The Defendant having served as a member of the National Police for approximately 30 years is a consideration that reduces the sentence. This becomes a logical fallacy for judges, resulting in the impact of public distrust in law enforcement. Applications of this study: The purpose of this research is to elucidate the dynamics of judges' logic in making logical legal considerations in accordance with applicable rules. Keywords: Judge's Consideration, Death Penalty, Court Decision.   ABSTRAK  Tujuan: Penelitian ini mengkaji kekeliruan pemikiran hakim dalam mempertimbangkan riwayat hidup dan kondisi psikologis emosional terdakwa dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 813 K/Pid/2023 terhadap terdakwa yang dinyatakan bersalah dalam kasus pembunuhan berencana yang berpotensi menyebabkan hukuman yang lebih ringan bagi terdakwa. Metode: Metodologi penelitian menggunakan metode doctrinal, Data dikumpulkan, dipilih, dikelompokkan, dan dirangkai dalam bentuk narasi serta dianalisis secara kualitatif. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan normatif analisis teori hukum sehingga dapat memperoleh gambaran secara lengkap mengenai pertimbangan hakim dalam penerapan putusan. analisis yang digunakan content analysis, yaitu menafsirkan makna-makna yang dimaksud oleh dan dalam pertimbangan hakim dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 813 K/Pid/2023. Hasil: Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa riwayat hidup dan keadaan sosial terdakwa dimana saat itu terdakwa menjabat sebagai Anggota Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia dengan jabatan terakhir sebagai Kadiv Propam pernah berjasa kepada negara dengan berkontribusi ikut menjaga ketertiban dan keamanan serta menegakkan hukum di tanah air, Terdakwa telah mengabdi sebagai anggota Polri kurang lebih 30 tahun telah menjadi pertimbangan yang memperingan pemidanaan sebagai kekeliruan hakim dalam berpikir, sehingga dapat menimbulkan dampak  ketidakpercayaan masyarakat kepada penegak hukum. Aplikasi penelitian: Kegunaan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan dinamika logika hakim dalam membuat suatu pertimbangan hukum yang logis sesuai aturan yang berlaku. Kata Kunci: Pertimbangan Hakim, Hukuman Mati, Putusan Pengadilan
Comparison of Indonesian and Hungarian Laws Regarding Errors in Persona in Land Buying and Selling Transactions Setiawati, Diana; Widya Ayu Khairunnisa; Rofi Aulia Rahman
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 14, No. 1, June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v14i1.3875

Abstract

ABSTRACT  Purpose: This research aims to determine the comparison of legal implementation between 2 (two) countries that adhere to a civil law legal system in viewing the issue of error in person. With the main aim of providing insight and potential solutions to overcome the problem of default and error in person, this research contributes to solving the challenges encountered in this domain. Methodology: This research employed normative research methods through a case approach and a comparative approach, both for Indonesia and Hungary. Results: The results of this research demonstrated that the 2 (two) legal perspectives of Indonesia and Hungary both have quite significant similarities in viewing a default or error in person. The decision made by the judge in the decision above can actually still be prosecuted if the person concerned wishes to do so. However, it could be considered inaccurate and could be even more detrimental to the defendant. Hence, the legal considerations applied are deemed appropriate. Applications of this study: This research’s findings can be used to analyze legal comparisons between 2 (two) countries and the judge's considerations regarding error in persona in breach of contract disputes with Decision Number 59/PDT/2021/PT SMR. Novelty/Originality of this study: Undoubtedly, each country has a different view on issues that harm certain parties in the agreement or default; likewise, with formal defects in the form of errors in persona. Therefore, more in-depth research is needed on legal comparisons in 2 (two) countries and judges' considerations regarding errors in persona. Such research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of how legal systems address these issues, facilitating better decisions and potentially encouraging harmonization or convergence of legal practice across jurisdictions.  Keywords: Agreement, Default, Error in persona   ABSTRAK  Purpose : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komparasi pelaksanaan hukum diantara 2 (dua) negara yang menganut sistem hukum civil law dalam memandang persoalan error in persona. Dengan tujuan utama memberikan wawasan dan solusi potensial guna mengatasi masalah wanprestasi maupun error in persona. Penelitian ini sebagai kontribusi pada penyelesaian tantangan yang dihadapi dalam domain ini. Methodology : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif melalui pendekatan kasus dan pendekatan komparatif, baik terhadap negara Indonesia ataupun Hungaria. Results : Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 2 (dua) perspektif hukum antara Indonesia dan Hungaria, keduanya memiliki kesamaan yang cukup signifikan dalam memandang suatu wanprestasi maupun error in persona. Pengambilan keputusan oleh hakim dalam putusan diatas sebenarnya masih bisa dituntut jika yang bersangkutan menghendakinya, akan tetapi dapat terbilang kurang tepat dan bisa saja semakin merugikan bagi pihak tergugat. Oleh karena itu, pertimbangan hukum yang diterapkan terbilang sudah tepat. Applications of this study : Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis terkait komparasi hukum diantara 2 (dua) negara dan pertimbangan hakim terkait error in persona pada sengketa wanprestasi dengan Putusan Nomor 59/PDT/2021/PT SMR. Novelty/ Orginalty of this study : Permasalahan yang merugikan pihak tertentu dalam perjanjian atau wanprestasi, tentunya dalam hal itu setiap negara memiliki pandangan yang berbeda. Begitu juga dengan cacat formil berupa error in persona. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penelitian lebih mendalam terhadap komparasi hukum dalam 2 (dua) negara dan pertimbangan hakim terkait error in persona. Penelitian semacam itu guna berkontribusi pada pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang bagaimana sistem hukum menangani masalah ini, memfasilitasi keputusan yang lebih baik dan berpotensi mendorong harmonisasi atau konvergensi praktik hukum di seluruh yurisdiksi.  Keywords: Perjanjian, Wanprestasi, error in persona
Juridical Reasoning for the Distribution of Pharmaceutical Preparations that Failed the Efficacy Test in Court Decisions Febriansyah, Ferry Irawan; Richard Tomlins; Ulya Shafa Firdausi; Yusuf Adam Hilman
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 14, No. 1, June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v14i1.4094

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose of thestudy (Tujuan) : The purpose of this research is to determine the judge's considerations in imposing sanctions on pharmaceutical distributors who do not meet the efficacy and quality standards by the Ponorogo district court decision Number 115/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Png using juridical analysis.  Methodology (Metodologi): The methodology used is a normative research method or library research method. Results (Temuan): The results of this research are that there are cases of distribution of drugs that do not match the efficacy and quality, violating the protection rights of consumers. The government and BPOM are expected to pay more attention to the pharmaceutical production process and provide education to the lay public in the pharmaceutical sector so that the public obtain safe and quality pharmaceutical products. Ponorogo District Court Decision Number 115/Pid, Sus/2023/PN Png The panel of judges considered evidence, legal interpretation, and ethics during the trial. This case violates Law Number 36 of 2009 Article 196 concerning Health. By considering this, circumstances emerged that mitigated and aggravated the defendant and also used the theory of will and the theory of knowledge so that he was charged with imprisonment for 1 (one) year and a fine of IDR 5,000,000.00 (five million rupiah) provided that the fine was not paid to be replaced by imprisonment for one month. The decision at the Ponorogo District Court provides a solid foundation for future courts in handling similar cases. Applications of this study (Kegunaan): The use of this research can be an in-depth understanding of the decision ratio in the Ponorogo District Court Decision for both perpetrators, legal practitioners, academics, and policymakers for future directions. Novelty/ Orginalty of this study (Kebaruan/Orisinalitas): The difference with previous studies is that the focus of this research is the location of the research, the type of drug used and the district court decision          
Civil War in South Sudan: Conflict Resolution through Mediation by the African Union Gunawan, Yordan; Prameswari, Elfa Rheanna; Tsaabita , Dinysia Dzakiyya
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 14, No. 1, June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v14i1.4224

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose of the study: This article discussed the historical scope of the Civil War in Sudan and outlined the causes of the Sudanese civil war conflict, which has not been resolved despite mediation efforts. Methodology:  The article provided the information objectively by conducting a literature review from reliable sources, such as national and international publications, and subdividing the content into comprehensive categories. Results: This article shows that the cause of the Civil War in Sudan was political complications and ethnic tensions, which caused each side to attack the other. The tensions that arise make it difficult to resolve conflicts due to the lack of commitment from each party to carry out the obligations that have been agreed upon as a result of mediation. Finally The ICC court decision number ICC-02/05-01/20-391 Decision on the designation of a Single Judge of Pre-Trial Chamber I was one step ahead on the processing the war crimes perpetrator Applications of this study: This research offers a thorough examination of the origins, progression, and settlement of violence in South Sudan. This analysis of the accomplishments and failures of the African Union’s mediation efforts in the South Sudan conflict can aid researchers and policymakers in better understanding this conflict and creating more practical measures for its resolution. List the various causes of war in South Sudan, including discrimination, economic disparity, and ethnic divisions. Using this knowledge, ways to deal with these issues and avert further conflict can be developed. The African Union’s mediation efforts in South Sudan’s conflicts are examined in this paper. By using this material, more people will be aware of the potential contributions regional organizations can make to the process of conflict resolution. Novelty/ Originality of this study: This research is the first to offer a thorough examination of the dynamics, causes, and settlement of violence in South Sudan. It had hitherto only addressed one facet of this conflict. It will examine the achievements and shortcomings of the African Union’s efforts to mediate the South Sudanese conflict. This analysis is significant because it can teach unites political, economic, and social ideas. It helps conflict mediators understand how regional groups might resolve issues. Courts may see the African Union's South Sudanese Civil War mediation differently. They'll likely see African Union mediation as a method to promote peace. Courts support international law-based mediation that involves all parties since South Sudan is independent and can decide its own future. Courts prioritize a peace settlement that addresses all sides' concerns, including civic society and the poor. They emphasize rigorous enforcement and execution procedures to support any solution, as well as international participation to maintain peace and stability in South Sudan. By using this knowledge, regional organizations can play a more effective role in other international disputes. Because of its uniqueness and novelty, this study can significantly advance our knowledge of the South Sudanese war and the ways in which regional organizations resolve disputes. Keywords: Civil War, Intergovernmental Authority on Development, Sudan   ABSTRAK  Tujuan: Artikel ini akan membahas ruang lingkup sejarah perang saudara di Sudan dan artikel tersebut akan menguraikan penyebab konflik perang saudara Sudan yang belum terselesaikan meskipun ada upaya mediasi. Metodologi: Artikel menyajikan informasi secara objektif dengan melakukan tinjauan literatur dari sumber yang kredibel seperti jurnal nasional dan internasional dan diuraikan menjadi informasi yang komprehensif. Temuan: Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa penyebab perang saudara di Sudan adalah komplikasi politik, dan ketegangan etnis yang menyebabkan masing-masing pihak saling menyerang. Ketegangan yang muncul mengakibatkan sulitnya penyelesaian konflik karena kurangnya komitmen dari masing-masing pihak untuk menjalankan kewajiban yang telah disepakati sebagai hasil mediasi. Selain itu juga terdapat putusan Pengadilan Kriminal Internasional dengan nomor ICC-02/05-01/20-391 yang memutuskan bahwa perkara kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan akan di proses dengan hakim tunggal dan ini adalah sebuah langkah maju Kegunaan: Artikel ini menawarkan pemeriksaan menyeluruh tentang asal usul, perkembangan, dan penyelesaian kekerasan di Sudan Selatan. Analisis mengenai pencapaian dan kegagalan upaya mediasi Uni Afrika dalam konflik Sudan Selatan dapat membantu para peneliti dan pembuat kebijakan dalam memahami konflik ini dengan lebih baik dan menciptakan langkah-langkah yang lebih praktis untuk penyelesaiannya. Sebutkan berbagai penyebab perang di Sudan Selatan, termasuk diskriminasi, kesenjangan ekonomi, dan perpecahan etnis. Dengan menggunakan pengetahuan ini, cara-cara untuk mengatasi masalah-masalah ini dan mencegah konflik lebih lanjut dapat dikembangkan. Upaya mediasi Uni Afrika dalam konflik Sudan Selatan dibahas dalam makalah ini. Dengan menggunakan materi ini, lebih banyak orang akan menyadari potensi kontribusi yang dapat diberikan oleh organisasi-organisasi regional dalam proses penyelesaian konflik. Kebaruan/Orisinalitas: Artikel ini merupakan penelitian pertama yang menawarkan kajian menyeluruh terhadap dinamika, penyebab, dan penyelesaian kekerasan di Sudan Selatan. Sampai saat ini, pendekatan ini hanya membahas satu aspek dari konflik ini. Konferensi ini akan mengkaji pencapaian dan kekurangan upaya Uni Afrika untuk memediasi konflik Sudan Selatan. Analisis ini penting karena dapat memberikan wawasan berharga kepada mediator konflik lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi interdisipliner yang mengintegrasikan beberapa sudut pandang, termasuk sudut pandang politik, ekonomi, dan sosial, untuk meningkatkan pemahaman tentang potensi kontribusi organisasi regional dalam penyelesaian perselisihan. Dengan menggunakan pengetahuan ini, organisasi regional dapat memainkan peran yang lebih efektif dalam perselisihan internasional lainnya. Karena keunikan dan kebaruannya, penelitian ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan kita secara signifikan mengenai perang Sudan Selatan dan cara-cara organisasi regional menyelesaikan perselisihan.  Kata Kunci: Otoritas Antar Pemerintah untuk Pembangunan; Perang Saudara; Sudan
Comparison Of Protection Laws Private Data In Indonesia, And The Philippines Amiludin, Amiludin; Nurhalisa, Siti; Undang Prasetya Umara; Hidayatullah
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 14, No. 2, December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v14i2.4266

Abstract

To compare private data protection regulations in Indonesia and the Philippines and understand dispute resolution related to private data cases in the two countries. This research method uses literature review studies derived from books and journals or articles that have been published. The research findings reveal a comparison between the Private Data Protection Act in Indonesia and the Philippines. It is noted that the Philippines already has an independent supervisory body, whereas Indonesia does not, despite the establishment of such an institution being regulated by the Private Data Protection Act number 27 of 2022. Additionally, the study aims to understand the dispute resolution mechanisms in case of private data theft in both Indonesia and the Philippines. This study compares the regulations of the Private Data Protection Act in Indonesia and the Philippines, focusing particularly on the establishment of an essential independent supervisory body that needs to be formed in Indonesia. Subsequently, the case resolution mechanisms through Alternative Dispute Resolution can be considered to eliminate practices that tend to be slow, complex, and expensive, as well as to stop corrupt practices in the courts, ensuring that the Indonesian community feels secure and protected. No specific research has been found that compares the regulations on Private Data Protection in Indonesia and the Philippines. This includes the establishment of an independent supervisory body to aid law enforcement authorities in identifying perpetrators of private data theft, providing education, and addressing public inquiries about private data. Additionally, the resolution of cases involving private data theft through alternative dispute resolution is deemed superior to the judicial route due to the frequent practices of being slow, complex, expensive, and corrupt, which can erode or even eliminate the trust of the Indonesian public in law enforcement authorities.
Jurisprudence for Resolving Crimes of Narcotics Abuse by Children in Indonesia Yudhoyono, Gatot Eko; Soponyono, Eko
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 14, No. 1, June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v14i1.4289

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objectives: This study aims to analyze the application of diversion in Indonesia in the process of resolving narcotics crime cases against children. It is expected that resolution through the diversion method based on the concept of restorative justice can be regulated in more detail in Act No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics as a legal source in handling criminal cases in Indonesia. Methodology: This normative legal research employed a jurisprudential approach (legal products formed from judges' decisions) and laws to analyze problems, which were discussed using legal regulations in the form of secondary data (primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials). The analysis was carried out qualitatively, and the discussion of the problem formulation used literature studies and decision documents issued by the court. Findings: Settlement of criminal cases based on the concept of restorative justice at the level of law enforcement in the police, prosecutor's office, and courts can reduce the backlog of cases and achieve legal justice as desired by the community. The court ruling of diversion in cases Number 20/Pid.Sus-Anak/2018/PN Trg, Number 2/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN Trg, Number 3/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN Trg, and Number 11/ Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN Trg at the Tenggarong District Court provided remedies to the parties in the cases based on Act No. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System and Act No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. Based on the findings of the judge's judgment, it was found that the aim of implementing the Juvenile Criminal Justice System is to jointly seek a fair solution by emphasizing restoration to the original condition and not retaliation. Benefits: The government needs to create a comprehensive legal basis to regulate the process of resolving cases of narcotics abuse in children based on restorative justice simultaneously and integrated in the future reform of Narcotics Law in Indonesia. Novelty: The latest legal basis for the process of resolving narcotics abuse cases based on restorative justice is linked to Act No. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System and Act No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. Based on these provisions, further discussion regarding the process of resolving criminal cases based on the concept of restorative justice by providing diversion determinations to children is discussed. Keywords: Abuse, Narcotics, Restorative Justice, and Children   ABSTRAK  Tujuan: Menganalisis penerapan diversi di Indonesia dalam proses penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana narkotika terhadap anak. Penyelesaian melalui metode diversi berbasis konsep keadilan restoratif diharapkan dapat diatur secara lebih rinci di dalam Undang-Undang No.35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika sebagai sumber hukum dalam menangani perkara pidana di Indonesia. Metodologi: Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan jurisprudensi (produk hukum yang terbentuk dari  keputusan hakim) dan undang-undang untuk menganalisis permasalahan yang akan dibahas menggunakan peraturan hukum berupa data sekunder (bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier). Analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif dan pembahasan atas rumusan masalah menggunakan studi kepustakaan dan dokumen penetapan yang dikeluarkan oleh pengadilan. Temuan: Penyelesaian perkara pidana berbasis konsep keadilan restoratif pada tingkat penegakan hukum di kepolisian, kejaksaan dan pengadilan dapat mengurangi penumpukan perkara dan mewujudkan keadilan hukum sebagaimana diinginkan lingkungan masyarakat. Penetapan diversi, dalam perkara Nomor 20/Pid.Sus-Anak/2018/PN Trg, Nomor 2/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN Trg, Nomor 3/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN Trg dan Nomor 11/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/PN Trg di Pengadilan Negeri Tenggarong. Memberikan pemulihan kepada para pihak yang berperkara ini berdasar pada Undang-Undang No.11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak dan Undang-Undang No.35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika. Berdasarkan temuan dari putusan hakim didapati bahwa tujuan diterapkannya sistem peradilan pidana anak untuk bersama-sama mencari penyelesaian yang adil dengan menekankan pemulihan pada keadaan semula dan bukan pembalasan. Kegunaan: Pemerintah perlu membuat landasan hukum yang komprehensif untuk mengatur proses penyelesaian perkara penyalahgunaan narkotika pada anak berbasis keadilan restoratif secara simultan dan terintegrasi dalam pembaharuan undang-undang narkotika di Indonesia masa mendatang. Kebaruan: Dasar hukum terbaru dalam proses penyelesaian perkara penyalahgunaan narkotika berdasar keadilan restoratif yang dikaitkan Undang-Undang No.11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak dan Undang-Undang No.35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika. Berdasarkan ketentuan tersebut akan dibahas lebih lanjut terkait proses penyelesaian perkara pidana berbasis konsep keadilan restoratif dengan memberikan penetapan diversi kepada anak.  Keywords: Penyalahgunaan, Narkotika, Keadilan Restoratif dan Anak
Analysis Of Legal Discovery Methods By Judges In Rechterlijk Pardon's Perspective to Solve Criminal Cases Sugiharto, Gatot; Mira Julita Sari; Kurnia Dewi Anggraeny; Fauzan Muhammadi
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 14, No. 1, June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v14i1.4397

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose of the study: This research aims to ascertain the legal discovery process that judges use to assess whether to grant rechtlijk pardon in order to resolve criminal cases, as well as the challenges judges encounter while attempting to do so. Methodology: Normative legal research was used in this paper. Normative legal research, which is carried out in the literature review in the form of pertinent legal regulations and norms, is a scientific research technique grounded in the logic of jurisprudence (doctrine) to seek truth from a normative perspective. Results: The study's findings lead to the following conclusions: firstly, judges can perform rechvorming through the use of the construction legal discovery method, which takes the form of legal narrowing or legal refining, while determining rechterlijk pardon. Secondly, in carrying out the revision, the court employed the process of finding construction law based on restorative justice. Applications of this study: The study gives a more comprehensive understanding analysis, given that the current criminal law formulation policy does not embrace the value of genuine forgiveness by judges. However, judges retain very particular authority in cases where the defendant has been legally and convincingly established to have committed a criminal conduct, but the judge may grant forgiveness without imposing a sentence. Novelty/Originality of this study: A concrete decision that has become jurisprudence as an implementation of Rechvorming with the discovery of construction law in the form of legal refinement (narrowing of the law) by judges in the perspective of Rechterlijk Pardon is the North-East Jakarta District Court Number 46/Pid/78/UT/Wanita and the North-East Jakarta District Court Decision Number 90/PID/1976/TIM. The Panel of Judges takes into account the seriousness of the offense, the offender's personal circumstances, or the circumstances surrounding the crime at the time it was committed when awarding a rechterlijk pardon. The existence of peace between the parties, justice, and humanity may also be taken into consideration by the judicial panel while deciding whether to prosecute or take no action of parties as an extra option for deciphering rechterlijk pardon. Keywords: Legal Discovery, Judge, Rechtlijk Pardon   ABSTRAK  Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses penemuan hukum yang digunakan hakim dalam menilai apakah akan memberikan pengampunan hukum (rechtlijk pardon) untuk menyelesaikan kasus pidana serta tantangan yang dihadapi hakim dalam melakukannya. Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian hukum normatif yang dilakukan dalam bentuk kajian literatur berupa peraturan hukum dan norma yang relevan adalah teknik penelitian ilmiah yang didasarkan pada logika yurisprudensi (doktrin) untuk mencari kebenaran dari perspektif normatif. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa kesimpulan berikut: Pertama, hakim dapat melakukan pembentukan hukum melalui metode penemuan hukum konstruksi yang berupa penyempitan hukum atau pemurnian hukum dalam menentukan rechterlijk pardon. Kedua, dalam melakukan revisi, pengadilan menggunakan proses penemuan hukum konstruksi berdasarkan keadilan restoratif. Aplikasi Penelitian: Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman dan analisis yang lebih komprehensif mengingat kebijakan formulasi hukum pidana saat ini tidak mengadopsi nilai pengampunan sejati oleh hakim. Namun, hakim tetap memiliki kewenangan khusus dalam kasus di mana terdakwa secara sah dan meyakinkan terbukti melakukan tindakan pidana tetapi hakim dapat memberikan pengampunan tanpa menjatuhkan hukuman. Kebaruan/Orisinalitas Penelitian: Keputusan konkret yang telah menjadi yurisprudensi sebagai implementasi Rechvorming dengan penemuan hukum konstruksi dalam bentuk pemurnian hukum (penyempitan hukum) oleh hakim dalam perspektif Rechterlijk Pardon adalah Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Timur Nomor 46/Pid/78/UT/Wanita dan Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Timur Nomor 90/PID/1976/TIM. Majelis Hakim mempertimbangkan keseriusan pelanggaran, keadaan pribadi pelaku, atau keadaan di sekitar kejahatan pada saat itu dilakukan saat memberikan rechterlijk pardon. Keberadaan perdamaian antara pihak-pihak, keadilan, dan kemanusiaan juga dapat dipertimbangkan oleh majelis hakim saat memutuskan untuk menuntut atau tidak melakukan tindakan terhadap pihak-pihak sebagai opsi tambahan untuk menafsirkan rechterlijk pardon.  Kata Kunci: Penemuan Hukum, Hakim, Rechtlijk Pardon
Review of Judges ' Consideration in the Court Decision Regarding the Illegal Sale of Subsidized Fertilizer: Comparison of Indonesian and Uzbekistan Kuswardani; Qori Endah Pramesthi; Turdialiev Mukhammaf Ali Polatjon Ogli; Hanifah Febriani
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 14, No. 1, June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v14i1.4419

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose of the study: This research aims to review the subsidized fertilizer trade from the standpoint of the National Criminal Law, taking into account both the policy considerations that went into its formulation and the background information provided by the judge in two court decisions (Decision No.19/Pid Sus/2022/Fr.Pti. and the decision of MA 105 K/Pid.Sus/2019). It also looks at how the disparities in legal rulings have affected the criminal act of subsidized fertilizer sales between Indonesia and Uzbekistan as per Law No. 93 of 1997 concerning the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan Article 177. Methodology: Normative research approach to legislation and case approach. Secondary data were gathered from legal documents. Results: Since subsidized fertilizer is a good under supervision under the Ministry of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia No. 15/M-DAG/PER/4/2013 on the procurement and distribution of subsidized fertilizer in the agricultural sector, the trade must have a license in accordance with Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 15/2011 on amendments to Presidential Regulation No. 77 of 2005 on the determination of subsidized fertilizer as a good under supervision.  Trading actors who disregard this clause are liable for errors in the form and for not having the proper authorization or authority to trade subsidized fertilizer, according to the defendant's Decision No. 19/Pid Sus/2022/PN.Pti. and the Decision of MA 105 K/Pid.Sus/2019. The dangerous nature of the perpetrator's actions also makes them classified as economic crimes because they have the potential to disrupt the national economy. This study aims to compare the legal framework, legal proceedings, and punitive measures of the judge's rulings on the criminal act of illegal fertilizer sales in Uzbekistan and Indonesia. The laws that govern plant cultivation systems in Indonesia are Law Number 12 of 2019, Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, and Criminal Code Article 386, which imposes fines, administrative penalties, and jail time. The legal procedure entails a police or Civil Servant Investigator's investigation, a prosecutor's prosecution, and a trial involving the cross-examination of witnesses and evidence. Illegal fertilizer trade is punishable by law in Uzbekistan under Law No. 93 of 1997 concerning the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Article 177, and Law No. 221-I of 1996 concerning the Protection of Consumer Rights, with fines, social work, or incarceration as possible forms of punishment. The legal process entails an inquiry conducted by investigative entities, an accusation made by prosecutors, and a trial during which witnesses are questioned and evidence is presented. Only one case—the Navoiyazot case—has made it to the Uzbek court thus far. Applications of this study: This research can be applied to examine economic crimes committed against the supervision of trade in goods, particularly fertilizers that are subsidized. It is also to compare the conditions of the illicit sale of fertilizers that have been subsidized in Uzbekistan and Indonesia, as well as the rulings made by the courts. Novelty/Originality of this study:  This study is novel in that it examines the trade of fertilizers that are illegally subsidized between two nations. Keywords: economic crime, subsidized fertilizer, trade.  ABSTRAK  Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perdagangan pupuk bersubsidi dari perspektif hukum pidana nasional dari aspek kebijakan formulasinya serta dari aspek latar belakang keputusan hakim dalam putusan pengadilan (Putusan No. 19/Pid Sus/2022/PN.Pti. dan Putusan MA 105 K/Pid.Sus/2019 serta mengkaji bagaimana perbedaan putusan hukum yang diterapkan terhadap tindak pidana penjualan pupuk bersubsidi antara Indonesia dengan Uzbekistan pada Law No. 93 of 1997 concerning Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan Pasal 177. Metodologi: Penelitian normatif pendekatan perundang – undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Data yang dibutuhkan data sekunder yaitu dokumen hukum. Temuan: Pupuk bersubsidi sebagai barang dalam pengawasan, sehingga perdagangannya harus ada izin sebagaimana ditetapkan Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia No 15 /2011 Tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Presiden Nomor 77 Tahun 2005 Tentang Penetapan Pupuk Bersubsidi Sebagai Barang Dalam Pengawasan jo Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan RI No 15/M-DAG/PER/4/2013 tentang Pengadaan dan Penyaluran Pupuk Bersubsidi Sektor Pertanian. Pelaku perdagangan yang tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan ini berdasarkan Putusan terdakwa No. 19/Pid Sus/2022/PN.Pti. dan Putusan MA 105 K/Pid.Sus/2019., bahwa terdakwa melakukan kesalahaan dalam bentuk tanpa izin atau tanpa kewenangan memperjualbelikan pupuk bersubsidi. Selanjutnya perbuatan pelaku dikategorikan sebagai tindak pidana ekonomi karena sifat berbahaya perbuatan bisa berdampak pada gangguan tingkat perekonomian nasional. Perbandingan putusan hakim terhadap tindak pidana penjualan pupuk ilegal di Indonesia dan Uzbekistan meliputi dasar hukum, prosedur peradilan, dan jenis hukuman. Di Indonesia, dasar hukum terdiri dari Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2019 tentang Sistem Budidaya Tanaman, Undang-Undang No. 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, dan KUHP Pasal 386, dengan hukuman berupa penjara, denda, dan sanksi administratif. Proses peradilan melibatkan penyidikan oleh kepolisian atau PPNS, penuntutan oleh jaksa, dan persidangan dengan pemeriksaan saksi dan bukti. Di Uzbekistan perdagangan pupuk illegal adalah perbuatan criminal berdasarkan Law No. 93 of 1997 concerning Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan Pasal 177 dan serta Law No. 221-I of 1996 concerning on Protection of Consumer Rights, dengan hukuman berupa penjara, denda, atau kerja sosial. Proses peradilan melibatkan penyidikan oleh badan investigasi, penuntutan oleh jaksa, dan persidangan dengan presentasi bukti dan pemeriksaan saksi. Sejauh ini baru satu kasus yang masuk kepengadilan Uzbekistan yaitu kasus Navoiyazot. Kegunaan: Dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kajian – kajian tindak pidana ekonimi terhadap perdagangan barang dalam pengawasan terutama pupuk bersubsidi. Dapat membandingkan ketentuan penjualan secara illegal pupuk bersubsidi di Indonesia dan Uzbekistan serta bagaimana pengadilan memutuskan. Kebaruan/Orisinalitas: Kebaharuan penelitian ini adalah pada kajian mengenai putusan tentang perdagangan pupuk bersubsidi secara illegal terkait dua negara. Kata Kunci: tindak pidana ekonomi, pupuk bersubsidi, perdangangan
Implementation of Governance and Sustainable Development Aspects of the Environmental Law Protection and Management Act from the Rationality Perspective of Judges Sari, Dwi Perdita; Awiati, Wiwiek
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 14, No. 1, June 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v14i1.4775

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose of the study: This article seeks to re-examine whether there is a strong link between components of environmental governance and legal rationality in order to achieve sustainable environmental development. This study investigates the relationship between the substantive features and execution of the prevailing arrangements in the Environmental Protection and Management Act (PPLH), as well as factors of environmental governance and the rule of law, in order to achieve sustainable development. Methodology: The study took a normative juridical approach to environmental law. The method of data collection then used primary data, which contained PPLH Act substance and three court judges' rulings with Numbers 135/B/2015/PT.TUN. SBY, 148/G/LH/2017/PTUN-BDG, and 640/PID. B/LH/2021/PT PBR. This data analysis is applied by studying the substance and positive legal structure of these three Judge's rulings documents above to resolve legal difficulties by methodically gathering them. Results: This study demonstrates that environmental governance, the rule of law, and sustainable development are adequately regulated normatively. However, this study demonstrates that the legal reasoning of the court judge in the Judge's Decision in environmental issues, which incorporates the component of governance, contradicts the aim of the PPLH Act. The paper then proposes a shift in decision-making that prioritizes repressive logic over associated legislation. The court judge's ruling, based on repressive logic, focuses on resolving environmental and community issues as victims of governance practices imposed by regional officials. Similarly, the resolution of environmental matters should be settled in special courts rather than using the District Court.    Applications of this study: PPLH Act, which governs natural resource mining exploitation, has the potential to increase incorrect environmental governance formulation, abuse of power, and violation of environmental laws. The Indonesian government, particularly its legislative institutions, should evaluate the PPLH Act to reduce the number of contradictory laws among its articles. The court should examine how the system of decision-making principles from environmental issues that are more in favor of environmental and human problems, which is deemed inappropriate by applying formal and associated legal rationalities. The court judges' decisions should be based on repressive rationality, with an emphasis on environmental and community issues. Thus, the Judge's choices should decide a case based on the settlement of the victims, such as humans and the environment. Novelty/ Originality of this study: The study's originality is that it focuses on a judge's controversial judgment to resolve environmental license issues involving mining permits. Another innovative idea is that Indonesia's government should establish special courts to resolve environmental issues that arise in society. The substance of PPLH Act cannot inevitably solve environmental cases in communities that have practiced environmental culture in their territories. Keywords: Environmental governance; PPLH Act; Legal Substance; Legal Rasionality   ABSTRAK Tujuan: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mempertanyakan kembali apakah terdapat keterkaitan yang erat antara aspek tata kelola lingkungan hidup dan rasionalitas hukum oleh Hakim pengadilan dalam mewujudkan pembangunan yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini melihat keterkaitan antara unsur substantif dan implementasi pengaturan yang ada dalam Undang-Undang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup (PPLH) dengan aspek tata kelola lingkungan hidup untuk mewujudkan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Metode Penelitian: Aspek governance diuji menggunakan substansi dan implementasinya berdasarkan substansi UU PPLH dengan metode penelitian hukum yuridis-normatif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer berupa UU PPLH dan 3 (tiga) putusan Hakim pengadilan dengan Nomor 135/B/2015/PT.TUN.SBY, Nomor 148/G/LH/2017/PTUN-BDG, dan Nomor 640/PID.B/LH/2021/PT PBR. Analisis data yang diterapkan dengan menguji isi dan struktur hukum positif untuk menyelesaikan persoalan hukum dalam ketiga putusan pengadilan diatas dengan menyusunnya secara sistematis dari hasil dokumentasi ketiga putusan tersebut. Hasil Penelitian: Tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa norma tata kelola lingkungan hidup cukup diatur secara normatif. Namun kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa rasionalitas putusan Hakim pengadilan pada UU PPLH belum berjalan maksimal sehingga menghambat terwujudnya konsekuensi dari tujuan UU PPLH mengenai pembangunan berkelanjutan. Rasionalitas hukum oleh Hakim pengadilan dalam Putusan Hakim dalam kasus perkara lingkungan, yang meliputi aspek tata kelola (governance) dinilai sangat bertentangan dengan tujuan dari UU PPLH. Sehingga penelitian ini menyarankan untuk dilakukannya perubahan dalam pengambil keputusan yang tidak hanya berfokus pada perundang – undangan yang terkait saja, namun lebih kepada rasionalitas represif. Putusan Hakim pengadilan berdasarkan rasionalitas represif berfokus pada penyelesaian permasalahan lingkungan dan masyarakat sebagai korban dari kebijakan tata kelola yang diputuskan oleh pejabat daerah tersebut. Begitu juga dengan penyelesaian kasus lingkungan agar diselesaikan pada pengadilan khusus atau tidak menggunakan pengadilan Negeri.    Implementasi Penelitian: UU PPLH berkaitan Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP) yang dapat berpotensi meningkatkan kesalahan perumusan tata kelola lingkungan, meningkatnya penyalahgunaan kekuasaan, dan pelanggaran hukum lingkungan. Pengadilan harus mengkaji ulang bagaimana sistem prinsip pengambilan putusan dari perkara – perkara lingkungan yang lebih berpihak kepada permasalahan lingkungan dan manusia, yang dinilai sudah tidak tepat jika hanya menggunakan rasionalitas formal dan rasionalitas perundang – undangan terkait. Putusan Hakim pengadilan disarankan bersifat rasionalitas represif yang berfokus pada permasalahan lingkungan dan Masyarakat, sehingga Para Hakim memutuskan suatu perkara berdasarkan pada penyelesaian dari para korban, dalam hal ini adalah Masyarakat dan lingkungannya Kebaharuan dalam penelitian: Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menyoroti keputusan hakim yang dinilai kontroversial dalam memutuskan kasus perizinan lingkungan yang berkaitan dengan perizinan pertambangan yang telah dimiliki oleh Perusahaan pertambangan. Kebaruan yang kedua adalah perlunya menciptakan pengadilan khusus untuk kasus lingkungan yang terjadi dalam Masyarakat. Hal ini dikarenakan UU PPLH belum tentu dapat menyelesaikan masalah lingkungan dalam maysrakat yang memiliki budaya lingkungan yang terkait. Kata Kunci: Tata Kelola; UU PPLH; Substansi Hukum; Rasionalitas Hukum
A Comparison of Supreme Court Justices’ Legal Argumentation in Deciding Disputes on Transfer Pricing Management Fees in Indonesia Suharsono, Agus; Prasetyoningsih, Nanik; Nur Aida Ikrima
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol. 14, No. 2, December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v14i2.5874

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose of the Study: to of the Supreme Court Justice in deciding transfer pricing disputes related to the payment of management fees in Indonesia so that tax authorities and taxpayers understand its implementation to prevent similar cases. Methodology: This doctrinal research using statutory, conceptual, cases, and interpretive approaches; The data is secondary, namely laws, Supreme Court decisions, and concepts in relevant literature. Results:  The Supreme Court Justice's argument in deciding the management fee transfer pricing law and existing law in the international community, evidence, and the judge's knowledge of legal philosophy, legal principles and previous decisions. Taxpayers must document all evidence of transactions and conduct functional analysis by Arm's Length Principle to prove the correctness of payment of management fees. Applications of this study: Taxpayers and tax authorities can understand the argument of the Supreme Court Justice in deciding the dispute over transfer pricing management fees to be considered in making laws and regulations implementing it, and encourage further research by comparing in other countries. Novelty: Substantive truth is the primary basis for the Supreme Court Justice's argument in the transfer pricing management fee dispute. Keywords: Legal Argumentation; Management Fee; Supreme Court; Tax-Payers; Transfer Pricing.   ABSTRAK Tujuan: menganalisis argumentasi Hakim Agung dalam memutus sengketa transfer pricing terkait pembayaran management fee di Indonesia, agar otoritas pajak dan wajib pajak memahami implementasinya untuk mencegah ada kasus serupa. Metodologi: Penelitian doktrinal ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konsep, dan interpretasi, datanya berupa undang-undang, putusan Mahkamah Agung, dan studi pustaka yang relevan. Temuan: Argumentasi Hakim Agung dalam agung dalam memutus sengketa transfer pricing management fee  mengutamakan kebenaran substansif, berdasarkan hukum positif tertulis maupun hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat internasional, alat bukti, serta pengetahuan hakim tentang filsafat hukum, asas hukum, dan putusan sebelumnya. Wajib pajak harus mendokumentasikan semua bukti transaksi dan melakukan analisis fungsional sesuai Arm's Length Principle untuk membuktikan kebenaran pembayaran management fee. Kegunaan: wajib pajak dan otoritas pajak dapat memahami argumentasi Hakim Agung memutus sengketa transfer pricing management fee, untuk dipertimbangan dalam membuat undang-undang dan peraturan pelaksananya, serta mendorong penelitian lanjutan dengan membandingkan di Negara lain. Kebaruan: Kebenaran substantif lebih diutamakan oleh Hakim Agung dalam menyususun argumentasi putusan sengketa transfer pricing management fee. Kata Kunci: Argumentasi Hukum; Management Fee; Mahkamah Agung; Wajib Pajak; Transfer Pricing        

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