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Development of Cempedak Seed and Red Bean Snack Bars as Functional Foods for Diabetes Management Rozi, Fahrul; Majiding, Chaidir Masyhuri
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular diseases, and obesity continue to increase due to rapid nutrition transition toward diets high in saturated fat, sugar, and processed foods. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a significant global burden, affecting more than 537 million adults and projected to reach 780 million by 2045. Dietary modification—particularly adequate intake of high-quality protein, complex carbohydrates, and fiber—is essential for glycemic control. Indonesia has abundant underutilized plant resources with functional potential, including cempedak seeds rich in resistant starch and antioxidants, and red beans containing high protein, fiber, and phenolic compounds. Combining these two local ingredients may support the development of functional snack products beneficial for diabetes management. Objective : To formulate and evaluate snack bars made from cempedak seed and red bean flours, determine the most acceptable formulation, analyze proximate composition, and assess their nutritional potential for supporting glycemic control. Research Methods / Implementation Methods : This experimental study used a factorial completely randomized design with four formulations differing in flour composition. Research was conducted in March 2025 at Universitas Mulawarman. Cempedak seeds and red beans were processed into flour, then mixed with brown rice flour and natural binders before being molded and baked. Sensory evaluation was conducted by 42 untrained panelists using a seven-point hedonic scale. Proximate analysis followed AOAC (2019) standards. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s test (p < 0.05). Results : Significant differences were found across formulations. Formula F2 (25 g cempedak seed flour, 50 g red bean flour, 25 g brown rice flour) achieved the highest acceptability, with scores of 5.43 for taste and 5.39 for overall liking. The combination improved texture, flavor balance, and color. Nutritionally, F2 contained 321 kcal, 14.52 g protein, 9.28 g fat, 47.82 g carbohydrates, and 6.56 g dietary fiber per 100 g. Its high protein and fiber content supports glycemic regulation and satiety, while resistant starch and phenolic compounds enhance its functional potential. These findings align with previous research recommending moderate-energy, high-fiber, and high-protein foods for diabetes management. Conclusion / Lesson Learned : Formula F2 provided the best sensory and nutritional profile, indicating strong potential as a functional food for diabetes management. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using local, underutilized ingredients to create health-promoting snack products. Further studies should evaluate glycemic index, antioxidant stability, and physiological effects to optimize product development and support sustainable nutrition strategies.

Sleep Quality of Students in the International Association of Students in Economics and Business (AIESEC), Padjadjaran University Wardana, Alif Aria
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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College students who are actively involved in organizations often experience irregular sleep patterns due to heavy academic and extracurricular demands. Sleep deprivation has become a norm among students, despite its negative effects on physical health, emotional regulation, and cognitive performance. This study addresses the practical and scientific gap regarding the relationship between sleep quality and productivity among AIESEC members at Universitas Padjadjaran. The research aimed to assess students’ sleep quality and analyze whether it influences their organizational performance. A total of 100 AIESEC members (63 females and 37 males, aged 16–22) participated in this study. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while productivity was evaluated through the Personal Development Plan (PDP) scores. Data from both instruments were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis to determine correlations between PSQI and PDP results. Its found that 94% of respondents had poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5), averaging sleep duration of 5–6 hours per night. Despite this, most students achieved high performance levels, as 73% of them scored “Over Achieved” in their PDP assessments. Regression analysis indicated no significant correlation between sleep quality and productivity (R2 ≈ 0). These results suggest that while poor sleep quality is prevalent among AIESEC students, it does not directly hinder their short-term productivity. However, the findings emphasize the importance of promoting healthy sleep habits to prevent long-term health and cognitive consequences. Future studies should incorporate academic performance to further explore sleep’s broader impact.

Association Between Safety Behaviour, Compliance with Personal Protective Equipment, and Occupational Health and Safety Performance among Dump Truck Drivers at PT. X, Samarinda Said, Andi Farhan; Ramdan, Iwan Muhamad; Lestari, Ida Ayu Indira Dwika
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) implementation in mining operations aims to minimize accidents and occupational diseases. Among dump truck drivers, Behavior toward safety and compliance with personal protective equipment (PPE) use are critical behavioral determinants of OHS performance. However, these factors are often influenced by routine, work pressure, and organizational culture. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between workers’ attitude and compliance with PPE use and OHS performance among dump truck drivers at PT. X Samarinda. Objective : To analyze the relationship between safety behavior and compliance with personal protective equipment (PPE) toward occupational health and safety (OHS) performance among dump truck drivers at PT. X Samarinda. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A quantitative study using a cross-sectional design was conducted among 39 dump truck drivers selected through total sampling. Data were collected through validated questionnaires and analyzed using the Spearman Rank correlation test to determine the relationship between safety behavior, PPE compliance, and OHS performance. Results : The majority of respondents were male and aged 30–39 years. Most demonstrated a high level of PPE compliance (82.1%) but a moderate level of safety behavior. The analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between both safety behavior (p < 0.05) and PPE compliance (p < 0.05) with OHS performance. Workers who exhibited a positive safety behavior and consistently used PPE demonstrated better safety performance outcomes. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Safety behavior and PPE compliance are key behavioral components that significantly affect OHS performance. To enhance sustainable safety behavior, it is recommended that the company apply Behaviour-Based Safety (BBS) strategies such as regular observation of safe and unsafe acts, peer feedback, reinforcement of positive safety behaviors, and participatory safety talks to strengthen workers’ internal motivation and safety culture.

Bridging Awareness and Action: Determinants of Help-Seeking Behavior for Mental Health Among University Students Putri, Fayza Lailla Ningtia; Wardani, Riastuti Kusuma; Nasir, Narila Mutia; Alkaff, Raihana Nadra; Ciptaningtyas, Ratri
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Young people have no desire to seek professional mental health services when experiencing mental problems, they tend to seek informal services. Determinants of intentions to seek professional mental health services need to be known to determine appropriate prevention and treatment efforts in maintaining the mental health of students Objective : To determine the factors associated with the intention to seek mental health services among students of the Faculty of Health Sciences, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This cross-sectional study involved 315 randomly selected active students from the Faculty of Health Sciences at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Data were collected in June 2023 and analyzed using the Chi-square test to examine associations between variables. Results : Most respondents stated that they had intentions to seek mental health services with a percentage seeking counselor services by 64.1%, seek psychologist services by 55.6%, and seek psychiatrist services by 68.3%. The study found significant associations between attitudes and the intention to seek mental health services, including counseling, psychologist, and psychiatrist services. Subjective norms were linked specifically to the intention to seek psychologist services. Perceived behavioral control was associated with the intention to seek all three types of services. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Universities should strengthen mental health promotion by enhancing positive attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and supportive social norms to encourage help- seeking behavior among students. Efforts should include peer-based campaigns, accessible counseling services, and educational initiatives that normalize help-seeking behavior among students. Collaboration between faculty, student organizations, and mental health professionals is essential to foster a supportive environment that encourages students to seek appropriate psychological assistance.

Effect of Arrowroot Cookies with Porang (Amorphophallus Oncophyllus) Glucomannan Addition on Atherogenic Index of Plasma In Type 2 Diabetes Safika, Erri Larene; Lestari, Lily Arsanty; Anggraeni, Vita Yanti; Harmayani, Eni; Wahyuni, Leny Eka Tyas
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients are at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Arrowroot cookies with porang glucomannan which are rich in dietary fiber may be able to reduce CVD risk in T2D patients. Objective : This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cookies consumption for 8 weeks on the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) of T2D patients. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : As many as 24 T2D subjects were recruited from primary health centers in Yogyakarta. The control group (n=12) was given nutrition education, and the intervention group (n=12) was given nutrition education and 5 pieces of cookies (65 grams) as daily snacks for 8 weeks. AIP [log(TG/HDL-C)], anthropometry, and food intake were measured before (week 0) and after (weeks 8) the study. Results : There was a decrease in AIP in the intervention group from 0.189 to 0.164 (medium-risk of CVD), although it wasn’t significant (p>0.05). On the contrary, the AIP level in the control group increased from 0.075 (low-risk of CVD) to 0.111 (medium-risk of CVD). The AIP changes between groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). There were no changes in anthropometry measures in both groups after the study (p>0.05). We found an increase in dietary fiber intake in both groups (p<0.05), however, it was not significantly different between groups (p>0.05). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Consumption of 65g arrowroot cookies with porang glucomannan addition for 8 weeks did not significantly affect the AIP in T2D patients. However, it could maintain the AIP level in the intervention group in the medium-risk category and may serve as safe snacks for T2D patients.

Acute Infection and Maternal Weight Gain: A Correlative Study in Pregnant Women in Bandung City Prameswari, Fajria Saliha Puspita; Astuti, Widya; Fauza, Ahdiyatul Fauza
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : A woman's body undergoes physiological and immunological adaptations during pregnancy. These adaptations are intended to prepare the mother's body to support fetal growth and development. Nevertheless, the changes that occur can make the mother vulnerable to infections, which may subsequently lead to various pregnancy complications. The pathogens causing these infections can also be transmitted to the fetus, resulting in adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes. Objective : This study aims to analyze the relationship between various types of infection and weight gain during pregnancy. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 118 pregnant women in the Cidadap Sub-district, Bandung City. Subjects included pregnant women aged 20–35 years, with a single pregnancy, and who routinely attended antenatal care. Pregnant women who were excluded from the study were those diagnosed with chronic diseases (degenerative diseases, cancer, etc.) and those who regularly consumed medication. Data collection involved interviews and direct measurements. The data collected included a history of infection in the last month, weight, height, and pregnancy characteristics. Correlative analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test. Results : Several types of infections were identified, including upper respiratory tract infection, lower respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, genital tract infection, and gastrointestinal infection. The analysis results showed that pregnant women who experienced a gastrointestinal infection had a 4.174 times higher risk of having inappropriate weight gain for their gestational age (p=0.041), whereas other types of infection did not show a significant result (p>0.05). The symptoms of gastrointestinal infection experienced included nausea, vomiting (other than morning sickness), diarrhea, and stomach pain. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Gastrointestinal infection during pregnancy increases the risk of weight gain inappropriate for gestational age in pregnant women. Insufficient weight gain during pregnancy can increase complications during pregnancy and childbirth, and negatively impact the health of both the mother and the fetus. Infection prevention measures before and during pregnancy are essential to maintain the health of the mother and the fetus.

Fasting as a Complementary Approach in Cancer Care: RecentEvidence and Public Health Relevance Fahrinda, Almira; Purwanti, Anik; Arif, Mutmainah
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including in Indonesia. Conventional therapies such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy often cause severe side effects that reduce quality of life. Nutritional strategies, particularly fasting and its variations— intermittent fasting, time-restricted eating, and fasting-mimicking diets—have gained attention as potential complementary approaches. Objective : This narrative review summarizes current evidence on fasting in cancer care, focusing on clinical outcomes, underlying biochemical mechanisms, and public health relevance in the Indonesian context. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : Literature from 2020–2025 was reviewed using PubMed and Scopus. Included articles comprised systematic reviews, clinical trials, and pilot studies on fasting in cancer patients. Results : Intermittent fasting may improve metabolic parameters such as insulin sensitivity, blood glucose, and body weight, with possible benefits for fatigue and quality of life. Time-restricted eating is feasible and acceptable, though its impact on treatment outcomes remains unclear. Fasting- mimicking diets show promise in preclinical studies, but human trials are scarce. Cultural practices such as Ramadan fasting provide a natural model of daily fasting; however, its role in oncology has not been systematically evaluated. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Fasting appears promising as a supportive intervention in cancer care, but evidence is still preliminary. Integration into public health strategies, including exploration of Ramadan fasting in Indonesia, requires further study through large-scale, culturally adapted trials.

The Effectiveness of Video Education and Small-Group Discussions in Increasing Adolescent Awareness of Tuberculosis (TB) Prevention: A Literature Review Nursafa, Andi; Anggraeni, Ike
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Tuberkulosis (TBC) merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Remaja termasuk kelompok rentan yang memiliki peran penting dalam upaya pencegahan penularan TBC di lingkungan sekolah maupun masyarakat. Edukasi kesehatan yang menarik dan interaktif dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran mereka terhadap pencegahan penyakit ini. Objective : literatur ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas edukasi kesehatan melalui media video dan metode diskusi kelompok kecil dalam meningkatkan kesadaran remaja terhadap pencegahan TBC. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : Metode penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui database seperti Google Scholar, PubMed, dan ScienceDirect berdasarkan publikasi tahun 2017–2025 dengan kata kunci “edukasi kesehatan”, “media video”, “diskusi kelompok kecil”, dan “tuberkulosis pada remaja” dengan menggunakan PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) sebagai protokol penelitian. Results : Hasil dari berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media video mampu meningkatkan pemahaman dan daya tarik peserta, sedangkan diskusi kelompok kecil mendorong partisipasi aktif serta perubahan sikap yang lebih bermakna. Kombinasi kedua metode ini dinilai efektif dalam meningkatkan kesadaran dan perilaku pencegahan TBC di kalangan remaja. Oleh karena itu, strategi edukasi berbasis media audiovisual dan interaksi kelompok kecil dapat dijadikan alternatif inovatif dalam program promosi kesehatan di sekolah. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Oleh karena itu, strategi edukasi berbasis media audiovisual dan interaksi kelompok kecil dapat dijadikan alternatif inovatif dalam program promosi kesehatan di sekolah.

Effectiveness and Safety of Dengue Vaccines in School-Aged Children in Endemic Areas: A Narrative Review Kurniasih, Hefi; Pakki, Irfansyah Baharuddin; Azmiardi, Akhmad
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Dengue fever remains one of the most significant mosquito-borne viral diseases, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions such as Indonesia. The increasing incidence among school-aged children highlights the urgent need for effective and sustainable prevention strategies. Vaccination has emerged as a crucial intervention to reduce dengue burden, with two main vaccines —TAK-003 (Qdenga®) and CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia®)—showing varying efficacy and safety profiles. Objective : This narrative review aims to synthesize the current scientific evidence on the effectiveness, safety, and policy implications of dengue vaccination among school-aged children living in endemic regions. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This study employed a narrative review approach. Literature was searched through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases for publications from 2020 to 2025. A total of 20 eligible articles were included, comprising randomized controlled trials, quasy experiment, observational studies and spatial epidemiological studies. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies published in English or Indonesian, focusing on dengue vaccines among children aged 4–16 years in endemic countries. Key data on vaccine efficacy, immunogenicity, safety, and implementation outcomes were descriptively synthesized. Total 20 included articles were analyze narratively. Results : Findings consistently indicate that TAK-003 provides an efficacy of 62–80% against symptomatic dengue and over 85% against hospitalized cases up to three years post-vaccination, with favorable safety and immunogenicity, especially among seropositive children. In contrast, CYD-TDV demonstrated high efficacy only among seropositive individuals aged ≥9 years but carried an increased risk in seronegative recipients. Economic modeling studies in Indonesia found dengue vaccination to be cost-effective, while mathematical models showed that higher vaccine coverage substantially reduces the basic reproduction number (R0). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Current evidence supports TAK-003 as an effective and safe vaccine for school-aged children in endemic regions compare to CYD-TDV. Integration of dengue vaccination with vector control and risk-based surveillance is recommended to enhance national dengue prevention strategies and achieve long-term disease reduction.

The Control Strategies of Groundwater Pollution Impact (Case Study Around the Burangkeng Landfill, Bekasi Regency) Alfiansyah, Harry; Thohira, Morrin Choirunnisa
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : The activities of the Burangkeng landfill using the open dumping method will cause various impacts such as environmental, social, economic, and health effects on the residents living nearby. The issue examined in this study is the potential groundwater contamination that is still used by residents for daily needs. Objective : The aim of this research is to determine the groundwater quality index, social, economic, and health impacts, as well as control strategies for the potential groundwater contamination. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The method used is a mixed-method and SWOT analysis for the strategies formulation. Results : The results showed that the current groundwater quality index is in a polluted condition, and it cause social, economic, and health impacts for the residents. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : the strategies from the SWOT analysis results is about diversification with 4 strategies such as, the utilization and optimization of simple household-scale clean water treatment technology and the optimization of PAMSIMAS, transition of Burangkeng landfill system from open landfill to controlled landfill, revitalization of leachate treatment facilities at the Burangkeng landfill, and the establishment of regional regulations for the compensation.

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Contact Name
MUHAMAD ZAKKI SAEFURROHIM

Contact Email
saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id

Phone
+6287710112314

Journal Mail Official
saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id

Editorial Address
Gedung IsDB FKM Jl. Sambaliung, Gn. Kelua, Kec. Samarinda Utara, Kota Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur 75119

Location
Kota samarinda,

Kalimantan timur

INDONESIA

Abstract

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name MUHAMAD ZAKKI SAEFURROHIM

Contact Email saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id

Phone +6287710112314

Journal Mail Official saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id

Editorial Address Gedung IsDB FKM Jl. Sambaliung, Gn. Kelua, Kec. Samarinda Utara, Kota Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur 75119

Location Kota samarinda, Kalimantan timur INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

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Contact Name
MUHAMAD ZAKKI SAEFURROHIM

Contact Email
saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id

Phone
+6287710112314

Journal Mail Official
saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id

Editorial Address
Gedung IsDB FKM Jl. Sambaliung, Gn. Kelua, Kec. Samarinda Utara, Kota Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur 75119

Location
Kota samarinda,

Kalimantan timur

INDONESIA