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INDONESIA
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-Borne Diseases Studies
Published by Perkumpulan Entomologi Kesehatan Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Social,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Kesehatan, Toksikologi dan Mutasi Gen
Articles 48 Documents
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Imunogenisitas, Keamanan, dan Efikasi Vaksin Malaria: Tinjauan Sistematis dan Network Meta-Analysis dari Uji Klinis Acak Terkontrol: Immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy of malarial vaccines: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Kusiyanto Taslim, Fitranda; Hermansyah, Bagus; Agustina, Dini; Yuli Rahmantia, Vania
Aspirator Vol 16 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 16 Nomor 1 2025
Publisher : Perkumpulan Entomologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58623/aspirator.v16i1.114

Abstract

Malaria remains a major global health issue, with challenges in existing control methods like insecticide resistance and artemisinin-based therapy failures. Vaccines offer a promising solution to reduce transmission, build herd immunity, and decrease morbidity and mortality, especially in vulnerable populations. This study conducts a network meta-analysis of malaria vaccines to compare their immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy. A systematic review following PRISMA-NMA guidelines was performed using four databases—PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar—assessing study quality with the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. The analysis, which included over 33,000 participants from 57 clinical trials, revealed that RTS,S/AS01 and RTS,S/AS02 significantly increased antibody titers despite heterogeneity. Safety outcomes showed RTS,S/AS02 and FMP1/AS02 were linked to increased injection site pain, and RTS,S vaccines had a higher risk of fever. R21/Matrix-M showed the highest efficacy in preventing clinical malaria episodes, though data on it were limited. Vaccines like PfSPZ and PvCS had fewer side effects but weaker antibody responses. Overall, RTS,S vaccines were highly immunogenic and effective, though safety profiles varied, and the limited data on certain vaccines like R21/Matrix-M underscored the need for further research to validate their long-term effects. 
Indeks Entomologi dan Faktor Jenis Rumah yang Berkaitan dengan Keberadaan Telur Aedes spp. di Kelurahan Sungai Pinang, Provinsi Jambi: Entomological Index and House Type Factors Related to the Existence of Aedes spp. Eggs in Sungai Pinang Urban Village, Jambi Province Unida, Tazkiah; Satoto, Tri Baskoro Tunggul; Garjito, Triwibowo Ambar; Martono, Edhi
Aspirator Vol 16 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 16 Nomor 1 2025
Publisher : Perkumpulan Entomologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58623/aspirator.v16i1.117

Abstract

Kelurahan Sungai Pinang memiliki kepadatan penduduk tinggi dan endemis dengue. Keberadaan Aedes spp. sebagai vektor virus dengue diperparah dengan kondisi lingkungan yang kurang terkontrol, seperti banjir yang memperbanyak wadah tergenang sebagai tempat perindukan nyamuk. Variasi tipe rumah juga mempengaruhi populasi Aedes spp., sehingga penelitian mengenai indeks entomologi dan jenis rumah yang mempengaruhi keberadaan telur Aedes spp. perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati indeks entomologi Aedes spp. di Kelurahan Sungai Pinang (1°59'13.3" S dan 102°02'55.2" E) berupa house index (HI), container index (CI), breteau index (BI), ovitrap index (OI), dan angka bebas jentik (ABJ) di wilayah RT 07 dan RT 18 beserta kaitannya dengan jenis rumah sampling di lokasi penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional dengan desain cross-sectional. Teknik sampling secara purposive dengan memilih RT dengan kasus dengue tahun 2023 – awal tahun 2024. Data indeks entomologi dianalisis secara univariat, sedangkan analisis korelasi Spearman dilakukan secara bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan HI sebesar 22,35%, CI 15,22%, dan BI 63,92%. Nilai HI dan CI termasuk dalam kategori densitas sedang, sedangkan BI termasuk kategori tinggi. Angka bebas jentik di RT 07 dan RT 18 adalah 77,65%, masih di bawah target nasional 95%. Ovitrap index mencapai 89,41%, menunjukkan tingkat resiko tinggi. Rumah yang ditemukan telur nyamuk > 10 buah adalah rumah semi-permanen dengan celah di dinding kayu dan atap tanpa plafon. Kelurahan Sungai Pinang masuk dalam kategori berisiko tinggi terjadi penularan dengue.
Keong Sulawesidrobia sp Kandidat Kompetitor Inang Perantara Schistosoma japonicum Di Dataran Tinggi Bada Kabupaten Poso: Sulawesidrobia sp Snails as Competitor Candidates for Intermediate Hosts of Schistosoma japonicum in the Bada Highlands of Poso Regency widjaja, Junus; Satrija, Fadjar; Ridwan, Yusuf; Garjito, Triwibowo Ambar
Aspirator Vol 16 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 16 Nomor 1 2025
Publisher : Perkumpulan Entomologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58623/aspirator.v16i1.120

Abstract

Schistosomiasis, a disease caused by the trematode worm Schistosoma japonicum, with the intermediate host snail Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis, is a complex issue that requires ongoing investigation. The Bada highlands of Poso Regency, one of Indonesia's endemic areas, was found to be an endemic area for schistosomiasis in 2008 due to the presence of cases in humans and the intermediate host snail O. h. lindoensis. This article discusses the Sulawesidrobia sp snail, a significant finding in the Bada endemic area.  Surveys were conducted on the same O. h. lindoensis snail habitat in 2017 and 2019, using the man per minute and crushing methods. In 2019, the Sulawesidrobia sp snail habitat was more dominant, with as many as 22 habitats, and the type of habitat was the same as the type of O. h lindoensis habitat. This led to a decrease in the habitat of O. h lindoensis. Sulawesidrobia sp snails, with their small shells, slightly convex circles, and two red lines, were found to inhabit water channels in gardens, rice fields, and ponds, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
Analisis Resistensi Nyamuk Anopheles di Indonesia: Study Literature: Analysis of Anopheles Mosquito Resistance in Indonesia: Study Literature Latif, Haerul; Sunarsih, Elvi; Windusari, Yuanita
Aspirator Vol 16 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 16 Nomor 2 2025
Publisher : Perkumpulan Entomologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58623/aspirator.v16i2.28

Abstract

Abstract:Resistensi insektisida akibat meluasnya tindakan pengendalian Anopheles dengan tehnik IRS secara berlanjut. Tujuan Penelitian untuk menganalisis resistensi nyamuk Anopheles di Indonesia: Study Literature. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan literatur review. Untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pencarian, basis data PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, dan Embase digunakan. Hasil: Menurut Mahkota dari Indonesiamenunjukkan Anopheles resisten terhadap permetrin dan bendiocarb dan metode uji resistensi yang paling banyak di teliti yaitu menggunakan metode Susceptibility Test WHO dan Botol CDC masing – masing sebanyak 9 penelitian Sedangkan insektisida yang sudah resisten yaitu kelompok peritroid dan cypermetrin.Kesimpulan: Resistensi insektisida merupakan masalah serius bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Metode baru dan tehnik pengendalian vektor terpadu dapat secara signifikan mengurangi penyebaran penyakit yang dibawa oleh nyamuk Anopheles.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Bawang Putih (Allium sativum) Terhadap Mortalitas Larva Aedes aegypti : The Effectiveness of Garlic Extract (Allium sativum) Against the Mortality of Larvae Aedes aegypti Agesti, Eka Fauzia; Wardani, Dita Pratiwi Kusuma; Mujahid, Ikhsan; Hikmawati, Isna
Aspirator Vol 16 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 16 Nomor 2 2025
Publisher : Perkumpulan Entomologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58623/aspirator.v16i2.79

Abstract

Aedes aegypti is a dengue fever vector that can transmit dengue (DEN-V). Pyrethroid, carbamate, and organophosphate synthetic insecticides are often used as dengue control because they are very effective, quick to show results, and have minimal environmental impact. Garlic is commonly used as a seasoning by some people, but this plant has potential as an alternative larvicide. This plant contains the compounds allicin, sulfur ammonia acid, and allin. This study aims to determine the larvicidal effect of garlic extract on the mortality of Ae. aegypti larvae. The study was conducted with a post-test with a control group design of 5 groups. There are two groups: a negative control group (Aquadest) and a positive control (Temefos 1%). The other three groups were treated with garlic extract concentrations of 10% (P1), 20% (P2), and 30% (P3). There were 375 Ae. aegypti larvae with 3 repetitions, and 24 hours of larval mortality were observed. The Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Mann-Whitney U tests analyzed larval mortality data. LC50 and LC90 values were subjected to probit analysis. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there were differences in the effectiveness of garlic extracts on the mortality of Ae. aegypti larvae (p = 0.007). The LC50 value is 2.346%, while the LC90 value is 2.641%. Garlic extract (Allium sativum) is effective as a larvicide for Ae. aegypti
Identifikasi dan Perilaku Nyamuk Anopheles di Kulon Progo: Identification and behavior of Anopheles mosquitoes in Kulon Progo Astuti, Fardiasih Dwi; Hermayanti, Shafira Putri; Sukamto, Ali
Aspirator Vol 16 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 16 Nomor 2 2025
Publisher : Perkumpulan Entomologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58623/aspirator.v16i2.125

Abstract

Abstract Identifying and characterizing Anopheles mosquitoes through spot surveys is critical for malaria control, especially in endemic and receptive areas. In the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, malaria cases have been reported in Kulonprogo, with the latest 10 cases in 2023. This study aimed to identify Anopheles species and their resting behavior as risk factors for local malaria transmission. A cross-sectional entomological survey was conducted in Samigaluh, Kulonprogo. Mosquitoes were collected using human landing catches (indoor and outdoor) and resting collections in animal shelters from 6:00 PM to 6:00 AM. Specimens were identified by species, vector density, and parity status. Five Anopheles species were detected, predominantly resting in animal shelters: An. vagus (71.9%), An. annularis (21.9%), An. aconitus (3.95%), An. kochi (1.69%), and An. barbirostris (0.56%). All biting activity occurred outdoors between 6:00 PM and 3:00 AM, with species-specific activity peaks. An. vagus had the highest man biting rate (0.88 bites/person/hour) and was active early in the evening. The overall parity rate was 85.71%, indicating a mature mosquito population with potential for malaria transmission. These findings highlight An. vagus as the dominant species in the area, exhibiting exophagic and zoophilic behavior, and suggest that sustained vector surveillance is essential to support malaria elimination efforts in receptive regions.
Uji Resistensi Larva Nyamuk Aedes Aegypty Terhadap Temepos (Abate) Pada Daerah Endemis DBD Di Kota Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara : Assessment of Aedes aegypti Larval Resistance to Temephos (Abate) in Dengue-Endemic Regions of Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi Nurqomaria, Nurqomaria; Oktaviani, Elis; Helmia, Najma; Sriswanti, Sriswanti; Kurniawan Putra, Agus
Aspirator Vol 16 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 16 Nomor 2 2025
Publisher : Perkumpulan Entomologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58623/aspirator.v16i2.129

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a major public health issue in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi. Larvicidal insecticides such as temephos (Abate) are commonly used for vector control; however, repeated use may lead to resistance in Aedes aegypti populations.This study aimed to assess the resistance level of Aedes aegypti larvae to temephos in dengue-endemic areas of Kendari City.Laboratory tests were conducted at the Entomology and Parasitology Laboratory of Mandala Waluya University. Larvae were collected from three endemic sub-districts: Baruga, Kadia, and Poasia. Resistance was tested using temephos at concentrations of 0.005 mg/L, 0.01 mg/L, 0.02 mg/L, and 0.03 mg/L. Each treatment was replicated three times with 25 larvae per replicate. Mortality was recorded after 24 hours of exposure. All tested populations demonstrated resistance, with larval mortality rates remaining below 80% across all concentrations. In Baruga, the highest mortality (60%) occurred at 0.03 mg/L with an LC₅₀ of 0.023 mg/L. In Kadia, the highest mortality was 42.66%. In Poasia, 49.33% mortality was observed at 0.03 mg/L with an LC₅₀ of 0.043 mg/L. No mortality was observed in the control group, thus Abbott's correction was not applied. Aedes aegypti larvae from dengue-endemic regions in Kendari City exhibited resistance to temephos at all tested concentrations. These findings highlight the need for reevaluation of larvicide use and implementation of integrated vector control strategies.
Kombinasi Ekstrak Bawang Merah (Alium ascalonicum) dan Minyak Kayu Putih (Melaleuca cajuputi) terhadap Mortalitas Pediculus humanus capitis: The Effectiveness of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum) Extract and Cajuput Oil (Melaleuca caju - puti) Combination on the Mortality of Pediculus humanus capitis Faza, Thariqi Mushthafa; Wardani, Dita Pratiwi Kusuma; Hikmawati, Isna; Azizah, Atika Nur; Mujahid, Ikhsan; Almanfaluthi, Muhammad Luthfi; Widodo, Oei Stefani Yuanita
Aspirator Vol 16 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 16 Nomor 2 2025
Publisher : Perkumpulan Entomologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58623/aspirator.v16i2.158

Abstract

 Pediculosis is caused by Pediculus humanus capitis and is characterized by scalp itching. The use of chemical pediculicides can cause scalp irritation and toxic hazards. The use of natural ingredients, such as a combination of shallot extract and eucalyptus oil, is used as an alternative pediculicide to reduce the impacts caused by the use of synthetic pediculicides. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of combining shallot extract and eucalyptus oil in eradicating head lice. This research is a true experimental type with a post-test only with control group design consisting of a positive control group (1% permethrin), a negative control (aquadest), and five treatment groups of 5% shallot extract combination and eucalyptus oil in ratios 1:1 (P1), 1:2 (P2), 2:1 (P3), 1:3 (P4), and 3:1 (P5). Data were analyzed using the Friedman test, and LT50 and LC50 were analyzed using probit analysis. There was a difference in the effectiveness of the 5% shallot extract combination and 5% eucalyptus oil. Group P4 was the most effective in causing mortality of Pediculus humanus capitis, with an LC50 value of 0.056% at 30 minutes, while the LT50 value was 0.781 minutes in group P4. The combination of shallot extract and eucalyptus oil in a 1:3 ratio was the most effective alternative to traditional plant-based pediculicides. The combination of shallot extract and eucalyptus oil has the potential to serve as an alternative pediculicide

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