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Azis Ikhsanudin
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Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30895669     DOI : https://doi.org/10.12928/clips.v1i1.307
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology
Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences (CliPs) Journal utilizes contributions from academics and practitioner-researchers on Clinical dan Pharmaceutical Sciences. Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal is a periodical scientific journal published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia. The journal encourages interdisciplinary discussions and interactions in various topics related to health and pharmaceutical sciences, within or across disciplines. Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal accepts scientific papers in the form of research reports (original article research papers), systematic review, and meta analysis with focus and scope: pharmaceutical technology, pharmacology and toxicology, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmaceutical biology, clinical and community pharmacy, pharmacoeconomy, pharmacoepidemiology, pharmaceutical care, management of pharmacy, biopharmaceutics, pharmaceutical microbiology and biotechnology, pharmacokinetics, alternative medicines, cosmetic technology, health policy, medicine (miscellaneous), public health, environmental and occupational health, and nursing. This journal provides an innovative platform for researchers, students, practitioners, and educators to learn and contribute to this field. All articles must undergo initial Editorial screening and then undergo a rigorous double-blind peer review process before publication. Open Access Journal: All of the published manuscripts can be accessed online. Rapid Publication: After finishing the review process, revision, and editing, the accepted paper will be published online soon. Editor, reviewer, and author from the International Forum. The published article has a permanent page and Digital Object Identifier (DOI), making it easy to index many databases.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 21 Documents
 1   2   3 
Formulation and Physical Properties Evaluation of Ethanol Extract of Tapak Liman Leaves (Elephantopus scaber L.) Gel Preparation Pratiwi, Niken; Nisa, Khairun; Ariani Edityaningrum, Citra
Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/clips.v1i1.305

Abstract

Management of diabetic wounds is crucial to prevent severe complications including the potential of amputation. The conventional treatments often involve antibiotics as resistance frequently arises. Tapak liman (Elephantopus scaber L.) leaf extract, as an antibacterial agent, could be an alternative for treating diabetic wounds. For practical application, the extract is formulated into a gel. The objective of this study is to determine the concentration of the gelling agent HPMC and the humectant propylene glycol that can create the gel optimal formula, meeting the criteria for favorable physical properties. The study commences with the identification and phytochemical screening of tapak liman leaves extract. Subsequently, the extract was formulated in the forms of gels with concentrations of HPMC and propylene glycol. The evaluation included the testing of organoleptic, viscosity, pH, spreadability, and adhesiveness. Data is then subjected to analysis, beginning with normality tests followed by One-way ANOVA, in order to achieve the gel formula exhibiting the most favorable physical properties. This study reveal the following physical properties for F1, F2, and F3, respectively: pH values of 5.86 ± 0.257; 5.60 ± 0.068; and 5.53 ± 0.075, viscosities of 149.4233 ± 42.71002; 1,203.44 ± 154.1854; and 2,283.10 ± 530.2867 (cps), spreadability of 41.365 ± 0.47; 23.225 ± 0.64; and 18.805 ± 0.26 (g.cm/second), as well as adhesiveness of 1.59 ± 0.57; 2.08 ± 0.51; and 7.77 ± 1.14 (seconds). Based on the results above, it can be concluded that F3, with HPMC and propylene glycol concentrations of 3% and 14%, represents the optimal formula, demonstrating the best physical properties for a gel.
Risk Perception and Efficacy Beliefs Regarding COVID-19 among Indonesian Pharmacy Students Lolita, Lolita; Luthfiah Saraswati, Hasna; Muhlis, Muhammad; Ikhsanudin, Azis; Kurniawati, Lindha; Syarifah, Nur Bidayah; Rungprai, Daraporn
Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/clips.v1i1.306

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 virus first appeared in Wuhan, China, at the end of December 2019. Preventive behavior is necessary to reduce the transmission of this virus, and low risk perception can reduce the implementation of preventive behavior. This study aimed to determine risk perception and efficacy beliefs regarding COVID-19 of pharmacy students at Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta. A cross-sectional analytic observational approach was utilized; data were collected by distributing online questionnaires. The respondents comprised 406 undergraduate and pharmacist students. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 25.0 to compare the average scores of each independent variable. The mean scores for perceived vulnerability and perceived threat variables were 3.670 and 3.020, respectively, and the mean score for perceived severity was 2.475. The mean scores of response efficacy and self-efficacy were 4.426 and 4.084, respectively. A history of supplement consumption (p = 0.01), having received the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine (p = 0.02), and parental income (p = 0.045) affected perceived vulnerability. Perceived severity was influenced by gender (p = 0.001), a history of chronic disease (p = 0.041), having received the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine (p = 0.005), and area of residence (p = 0.043). Perceived threat was influenced by gender (p = 0.005) and having received the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine (p = 0.029). Efficacy beliefs were influenced by a history of supplement consumption (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.034), having received the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine (p = 0.037), and implementation of health protocols (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, the respondents’ risk perception was high, whereas their perceived severity was low. The participants also had high efficacy beliefs. Therefore, it is important to focus on pharmacy students risk perception, since they are the main population for social infectious disease prevention and control.
Lotion Preparations of Nutmeg Essential oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt) and Repellent Activity Test against Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes Ikhsanudin, Azis; Raharjo, Satriyo Dwi; Lolita, Lolita
Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/clips.v1i1.307

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the bite of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected with the Dengue virus. One natural ingredient that can be used as a repellent to prevent mosquito bites is essential oil. Therefore, this research aims to obtain the right formulation of nutmeg essential oil lotion, determine the influence of adding nutmeg essential oil to the physical properties of the lotion, assess the irritant effect of nutmeg essential oil lotion on the skin, and determine the repellent activity of nutmeg essential oil lotion against female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Nutmeg fruit seed essential oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt) was obtained by distillation. The obtained sample was qualitatively tested first using GC-MS to determine its components. Lotion formulation was prepared with varying 1%, 3%, and 6% concentrations. The prepared lotions were tested for their physical properties and repellent activity using female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes as test animals and irritation test. The test result data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a confidence level of 95%. The research results obtained standardization of clear nutmeg seed essential oil, yellow in color, with a distinctive nutmeg scent with a refractive index value of (1.475 + 0.001) and a relative compound content of alpha-pinene of 19.40%. Increasing the concentration resulted in decreased adhesive force with a value of (p <0.05), increased spreadability (p <0.05), and increased repellent power (p <0.05). All lotions have a pH of 7, are stable for 6 cycles of storage, and have an irritation index in the very mild to mild irritation category. The conclusion of this research is that nutmeg seed essential oil lotion formulations with various concentration variations, namely formula 1 (1%), formula 2 (3%), and formula 3 (6%), have good physical properties, cause very mild to mild skin irritation, and have the highest repellent activity, which is in formula 3 (6%) at 1098 seconds
Sexual Function and Its Relationship to Quality of Life among Married Women Mareti, Silvia; Afiyanti, Yati; Budiati, Tri
Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/clips.v1i1.308

Abstract

Sexual function is one of the key elements of women's quality of life, reflecting their biological, emotional, and social well-being. This cross sectional study aims to identify the relationship between sexual function and women's quality of life. Method: Sampling used proportions according to the inclusion criteria with 305 female participant of productive age in DKI Jakarta Province. Significant relationships between sexual desire p = 0.00 and r = -.19, lubrication p = 0.00 and r = 0.17 and physical health domains, all with weak relationship strength. A significant relationship is also observed between sexual satisfaction p = 0.01 and r = 0.14 and the psychological domain, with weak relationship strength. Additionally, there is a significant relationship between sexual arousal p = 0.00 and r = 0.30, lubrication p = 0.00 and r = 0.27, and social relationship domains, with moderate relationship strength. A significant relationship exists between orgasm p = 0.00 and r = 0.19, sexual satisfaction p = 0.00 and r = 0.34 and the social relationship domain, with weak relationship strength. Considering the critical impact of sexual function on the health of couples, it is important to pay attention to sexual function in women. Therefore, there is a need for sexual health assessments and the design of educational programs to improve their quality of life.
The Effect of Starch-Lactose Filler Ratio on the Quality Characteristics of Meniran Extract Capsule Kawiyanto, Joko; Elina, Alifah Asri; Sasongko, Jessica Herlin Labella
Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/clips.v1i1.313

Abstract

The empirical utilization of medicinal plants by Indonesians has long been known as "jamu". Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) is a plant containing phyllantin and hypophyllantin which have immunostimulant activity and potential for development into traditional medicine. This study aims to determine the influence of the starch-lactose filler ratio in the formulation of meniran extract herbal powder for the development of traditional medicine capsule preparations. The research was conducted experimentally using four meniran herbal powder formulas with variations in the starch-lactose filler ratio: 100%:0 (M1); 73%:27% (M2); 50%:50% (M3); and 27%:73% (M4). Based on the physicochemical properties of the powder, the most optimum formula was selected and evaluated for the quality of meniran extract capsule based on the requirements of the Indonesian Food and Drug Monitoring Agency, including organoleptic tests, flowability, loss on drying, and disintegration time. The results of this study show that variations in the starch-lactose filler ratio affect the moisture content of meniran herbal powder. Formula M2 with a starch:lactose filler ratio of 73:27 exhibited flowability that meets the requirements for development into traditional medicine capsules. Lactose at a concentration of 10% can be combined with starch as a filler and produce good loss on drying and disintegration time values.
Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patch Preparations from Ethanol Extract of Green Tea Leaves (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) Maesaroh, Imas; Anjani, Sri
Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/clips.v1i2.366

Abstract

Green tea (Camelia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) contains secondary metabolites such as polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and catechins Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). An ethanol extract of green tea is formulated into a transdermal patch to bypass the first-pass effect and maintain the drug's bioavailability in the plasma. This study aims to determine the optimal concentration combination of HPMC (Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose) and PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone) that yields the best physical stability of the transdermal patches. Green tea was extracted using the maceration method with 70% ethanol. Transdermal patches are made by first optimizing the base using a combination of HPMC and PVP polymer bases in F1 (1:3), F2 (2:2), and F3 (3:3). The patch preparations obtained were tested, including organoleptic evaluations, pH levels, weight consistency, thickness, and fold resistance. The results obtained show that the most optimal formula to be used as a transdermal patch preparation is formula 3 (F3), with a ratio of HPMC and PVP (3:1) and an average weight of 0.08 g and an average thickness of the patch is 0.16 m, and has met the patch fold resistance test, namely more than or equal 200 folds and has a stable pH of 6. This study concludes that green tea ethanol extract can be formulated into a transdermal patch preparation with a combination of HPMC and PVP (3:1), which has the best physical stability. Keywords: Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze.), HPMC-PVP, transdermal patch
Investigating the Prevalence of Medication-induced Falls in Older Patients with Ischemic Stroke during Hospitalization Puspita, Nanda; Verawati, Nurul; Hasbi, Fatwa
Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/clips.v1i2.372

Abstract

Stroke is among the most devastating neurological conditions that affect the elderly. In cases of acute ischemic stroke, hospitalised older patients will receive various regimens both for comorbidities and to prevent recurrent stroke. Multiple pathologies are the main reason geriatric patients receive large amounts of drug therapy. This phenomenon, known as polypharmacy, poses a significant issue in geriatric care. This requires monitoring, so it would not be potentially inappropriate medications that aggravate adverse drug reactions, including the risk of falls. Fall is a complex problem in old age, one of which is associated with medication use. This study aimed to identify potentially inappropriate medications according to the Beers Criteria list that are related to fall risk in older ischemic stroke patients in the hospital. A cross-sectional study used electronic health records (EHR) from 342 geriatric patients at the National Brain Centre Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Systematic random sampling was employed to retrieve samples from the population. Demographic and clinical data were documented, and medications prescribed for patients were analysed. The majority of patients were aged 65 to 74 years (73.1%), male (57.9%), had a length of stay of 7 days (86%) and had comorbidities (94.4%). Medication categories that need monitoring for risk of falls are anxiolytics (14.04%), anticonvulsants (9.36%), antipsychotics (9.36%), and antidepressants (4.09%), and opioid analgesics (3.51%). There were no significant differences between patients with and without yellow wristbands who received drug regimens associated with a fall risk (p=0.674). Reviewing medication for older patients before discharge may be imperative to prevent the risk of falls due to taking potentially inappropriate medications. Keywords: Beers criteria, geriatric, medication-induced falls, stroke
Janus Kinase Inhibitors, Monoclonal Antibodies, and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Promising Therapies for Ulcerative Colitis Rozak, Miftahul; Katz, Michael D; Lolita, Lolita
Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/clips.v1i2.376

Abstract

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease involving genetic, environmental, immunological, and microbial factors. Traditional treatments often fail in certain patient populations, necessitating exploration of more personalized therapies. This review aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and clinical potential of three emerging therapies for UC: Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, anti-TL1A monoclonal antibodies, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). This narrative review was conducted by searching PubMed and Google Scholar for relevant peer-reviewed literature. Inclusion criteria focused on studies published in the last 10 years that investigated the mechanisms, clinical efficacy, or safety of JAK inhibitors, anti-TL1A antibodies, or FMT in UC. Both randomized controlled trials and observational studies were included. This narrative review explores emerging therapeutic strategies for ulcerative colitis, including Janus kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and fecal microbiota transplantation. These approaches may support personalized treatment planning, particularly in patients who are refractory to conventional therapies.JAK inhibitors including tofacitinib, upadacitinib, and filgotinib demonstrated effectiveness in inducing and maintaining remission, although safety profiles varied based on selectivity. Anti-TL1A monoclonal antibodies, particularly PF-06480605 and tulisokibart, showed dual anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity, especially in patients with specific genetic biomarkers. FMT emerged as a non-pharmacological intervention capable of modulating gut microbiota and mucosal immunity, contributing to clinical and endoscopic remission in patients refractory to standard treatments. These three therapeutic modalities represent a significant shift toward individualized, pathophysiology-based treatment of UC. Future research should focus on biomarker-guided therapy selection, optimization of FMT protocols, and long-term safety data to support integration into clinical practice. Keywords: Fecal microbiota transplantation, janus kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, ulcerative colitis
Larvicidal Activity of Red Betel (Piper Crocatum, L) Leaf Chloroform Extract Granule against Aedes Aegypti Larvae Ikhsanudin, Azis; Tri Hastuti, Haadiyatul; Lolita, Lolita; Tajjudin, Saiful Nizam
Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/clips.v1i2.377

Abstract

Dengue fever is a disease caused by the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The development of natural larvicides needs to be done to reduce the risk of resistance and ensure environmental safety due to the use of chemical larvicides. Plants that have the potential as larvicides include red betel leaf, which contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. This study aims to determine the larvicidal activity of red betel leaf chloroform extract granules with LC50 and LC90 parameters against Aedes aegypti larvae. This study used a post-test control group design, where the chloroform maceration method was used in its extraction. The extract obtained was subjected to qualitative phytochemical identification and formulated into granules and tested for physical properties, namely: water content, flowability, and dispersion time and larvicidal activity test using a post-test control group design where the test group was divided into six groups, namely positive control (Abate®), negative control (placebo), treatment with extract concentrations of 0.18%; 0.24% and 0.48%. The results of the phytochemical test showed that the extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, while the granule test showed a water content of 3.02%, a flow rate of 2.07 g/second, and a dispersion time of 2.31 minutes. The granule concentration of 0.48% had a larvicidal activity of 98.67%, significantly different from placebo (p<0.05) and not significantly different from Abate (p>0.05). In conclusion, the chloroform extract granules of red betel leaves have larvicidal activity with an LC50 of 0.276% and an LC90 of 0.381% against Aedes aegypti larvae. Keywords: Aedes agypti, extract, granule, larvacidered betel
Red Seaweeds as Resource of Bioactive Compounds and Therapeutic Potential: a Review on Anticancer Agents Warsi, Warsi; Narwanti, Iin; Ahmed, Qamar Uddin
Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/clips.v1i2.378

Abstract

The use of natural compounds derived from macroalgae constitute an alternating strategy in the creation of anticancer medications. Seaweed refers to macroalgae. Red seaweeds are rich in bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, carotenoids, mycosporine-like amino acids, phycobiliproteins, polyphenols, polysaccharides (carrageenan, porphyran), and lipids. Some of these bioactive compounds have demonstrated a unique chemical framework. The bioactive compounds have been investigated as an anticancer potential in vitro studies. Among these compounds content, polyphenols are the most promising as an anticancer, due to their abundance in the red seaweeds. This review provides bioactive compounds from red seaweeds and their natural sources. The review involves papers published from 2010 to 2025. The study might be used as a reference in development of red seaweed extracts in the future which include preclinical and clinical investigations, standardizations and formulations, molecular mechanisms as anticancer and toxicity studies. Keywords: Anticancer, bioactive compound, macroalgae, pharmacological activity, seaweed

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