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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 18581196     EISSN : 23553596     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/kemas
Core Subject : Health, Education,
Education Public Health
KEMAS publishes the article based on research or equivalent to research results in public health or other disciplines related to public health that has not been loaded/published by other media. The journal contains articles about epidemiology and biostatistics, health policy and administration, public health nutrition, environmental health, occupational health and safety, health promotion, reproductive health, maternal and child health, and other related articles in public health. The journal can be used by health practitioners, health caregivers, teachers, medical students, and people who are interested in public health issues
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 151 Documents
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The Effect of Clinical Supervision by Ophthalmologists on the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Kapuas District Rosmaryati Manalu; Syamsul Arifin; Dewi Indah Noviana Pratiwi; Muhammad Ali Faisal; Rosihan Adhani; Lenie Marlinae; Herawati; Muhammad Bayu Sasongko
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i3.34218

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and a leading cause of blindness among productive-age adults. Globally, the prevalence of DR reaches 34.6%, while in Indonesia it is 43.1%, making it the second most common diabetes complication after nephropathy. In Kapuas District, the 2022 data reported 5,390 DM patients and 56 DR cases, with a growing trend each year, particularly in areas with limited health services. This study, conducted in 2025, aimed to analyze the effect of clinical supervision by ophthalmologists on DR severity in relation to treatment duration, age, and healthcare access distance. A quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test approach was applied to 52 non-proliferative DR patients divided into intervention (clinical supervision) and control groups. Results showed that clinical supervision effectively maintained mild DR conditions (p=1.000), while the non-supervised group exhibited increased severity (p=0.025). Longer treatment duration correlated with stable DR (p=0.000), age influenced severe DR (p=0.033), and healthcare distance affected moderate DR (p=0.045). Clinical supervision by ophthalmologists effectively slows DR progression, particularly among productive-age patients and those with limited access to eye care services.
Work Productivity through Low Back Pain among Garbage Truck Drivers in Makassar Lestina Nurjanah; Yahya Thamrin; Syamsiar S Russeng; Masyita Muis; A. Arsunan Arsin
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i3.34319

Abstract

Abstract. Background: Low back pain is a Musculoskeletal disorder characterized by pain in the lumbar area and is commonly experienced by workers who perform repetitive physical activities, sit for long periods, or are exposed to vibration, such as truck drivers. This condition can interfere with comfort, concentration and physical ability in carrying out tasks. As a result, Low back pain has the potential to reduce work productivity, which refers to an individual’s ability to complete tasks effectively and efficiently according to predetermined targets. Objective: To analyze the direct and indirect effects of age, duration of work, years of service, delivery frequency, BMI, vibration and working posture on work productivity through Low back pain among garbage truck drivers at the Antang Landfill. Methods: This research used a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach and a sample size of 140 respondents obtained through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS. Results: Confidence Interval 95% (0,05). Indirect effects on work productivity through Low back pain were significantly shown by age (p=0.019), BMI (p=0.000), years of service (p=0.009), duration of work (p=0.009), working posture (p=0.004), delivery frequency (p=0.024) and vibration (p=0.028). Conclusion: Age, duration of work, years of service, BMI, delivery frequency, working posture and vibration have both direct and indirect effects on work productivity through Low back pain as an intervening variable.
Integrated Socio Epidemiological Model for Leptospirosis Control in Tidal Flood Prone Areas Risna Endah Budiati; Suharyo Hadisaputro; Mateus Sakundarno Adi; Rr. Anggun Paramita Djati; Suhartono; Tri Ramadhani
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i3.34323

Abstract

The Elderly populations in tidal flood-prone areas face heightened vulnerability to leptospirosis due to environmental hazards, recurrent inundations, and psychosocial stressors. This study analyzed an integrated socio-epidemiological model that accommodates a community-based intervention, targeting perceived stress, self-efficacy, and clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS), along with a system dynamics simulation to forecast leptospirosis incidence. This quasi-experimental study design was implemented with 70 participants (35 intervention and 35 control). The participants reside in flood-affected villages of Demak Regency, Indonesia, in 2024 (Purwosari, Sriwulan). Perceived stress (PSS-10), self-efficacy, and PHBS scores were measured at pre- and postintervention. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, and paired t-tests. Delta scores were integrated into a stock-flow model (PowerSim Studio 10) incorporating behavioral and environmental risk variables to simulate leptospirosis cases for 2024–2029. The in- tervention group demonstrated significant improvements in self-efficacy (Δ=+5.69±8.17,p<0.001) and PHBS (Δ=+9.37±4.59, p<0.001), alongside a non-significant but clinically relevant reduction in perceived stress (Δ=-7.20±8.33, p=0.733 vs control). The dynamic model projected a 25–30% reduction in leptospirosis cases over five years with intervention, compared to a ≤5% decline without behavioral programs. Visual validation indicated alignment between simulated and real incidence trends (2020–2024). Integrating psychosocial behavioral interventions with dynamic modeling provides a reliable framework for leptospirosis control in flood-prone populations.
Physical Environmental Factors and Maternal Behavioral Characteristics in Toddlers ARI Malik saepudin; Gebytri Nuraudia; Moh. Adib; Marvita; Windarti
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i4.34995

Abstract

ISPA frequently occurs in toddlers, particularly in the North Putussibau area, which reports the highest cases. This research studies the association between physical environmental factors and behaviors with ISPA incidence among toddlers at the North Putussibau Community Health Center. Using a case control design, 64 participants were equally separated into patient and comparison categories. Data were examined applying the χ2 analysis, with significance assessed correlations were among ISPA incidence and dampness (p = 0.023), lighting (p = 0.024), floor type (p = 0.000), residential density (p = 0.048), use of mosquito repellent (p = 0.003), exposure to smoke (p = 0.023), mothers not covering their mouths when coughing (p = 0.007), delayed toddler care (p = 0.003), and mothers not wearing masks when ill (p = 0.024). No significant links were observed with ventilation, wall or roof type, open windows, mothers not washing hands after coughing, or burning trash near the house. These results suggest that both the home environment and maternal behaviors influence the occurrence of sudden breathing illnesses in the young.
Pharmacists’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Nano-Pharmaceutical Availability in Hospitals Abdulrahman Mahmood; Fidan Fikrat Ahmed
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i3.35041

Abstract

The medical application of nanomaterials with dimensions extending below 100 nm defines nanomedicine. The discipline provides solutions to multiple existing barriers in medical diagnosis and treatment management. Nanopharmaceutical knowledge from pharmacists will increase drug availability in the market while enhancing patient compliance to medication protocols. The research aimed to determine if nano pharmaceutical medications existed in Sulaymaniyah hospitals while evaluating pharmacist knowledge about these medications.  This study used a questionnaire with a cross-sectional design to determine the availability of nanopharmaceutical medicines. It also examines knowing these nanopharmaceutical drugs among pharmacists based on questionnaires from previous studies on pharmaceutical formulations and nanoformulations. In addition, it tests the variables by Prism—GraphPad. The study collected one hundred surveys from pharmacists of many hospitals in the Sulaymaniyah city in Iraq. According to the findings, twelve are available in hospitals, with different frequencies with Rapamune being number one, with a 72% availability rate. Furthermore, the respondents showed that they know more about pharmaceutical formulations than nano-formulations. There were no enough nano-pharmaceutical drugs in Sulaimaniyah hospitals because there are no diverse nano-pharmaceutical formulations. Nanopharmaceuticals should be better understood by pharmacists by including nanomedicine courses in undergraduate pharmacy curricula.
Complications among Postpartum Mothers in Indonesia Elisa Ulfiana; Tandiyo Rahayu; Yuni Wijayanti; Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i4.35047

Abstract

The postpartum period, also known as the postpartum period, begins immediately after the birth of the neonate and placenta and ends at 6–8 weeks. Maternal mortality in Indonesia was caused by bleeding in 30.5%, infection in 22.5%, gestosis in 17.5%, and anesthesia in 2.0%. The purpose of this study is to analyze the risk factors that affect the incidence of complications in postpartum mothers in the working area of the Grobogan Health Center in 2025. This research is quantitative with a case control study design,using data from the Grobogan Health Center in 2025. The analysis used was univariate, bivariate (chi-square test), and multivariate analysis (logistic regression). The results showed that there was a relationship between maternal education (p=0.011, OR=1.83), employment status (p<0.0001, OR=2.52), gestational age (p<0.0001, OR=3.02), parity status (p=0.034, OR=1.24), BMI (p<0.0001, OR=9.09), childbirth distance (p<0.0001,OR=13.38), hypertension (p=0.006, OR=2.4), diet (p<0.0001, OR=5.797) and exposure to cigarette smoke (p<0.0001, OR=3.50), history of psychological disorders (p=0.007,OR=0.158), and LBW (p<0.0001, OR=2.443). The results of this study are expected to increase postpartum mothers’ awareness of the importance of recognizing and  managing risk factors that may lead to complications, thereby encouraging healthy behaviors and informed decision-making during the postpartum period.
Nutritional Determinants and Molecular Insights into Anemia among Boarding School Adolescents Kiky Martha Ariesaka; Lintang Widya Sishartami; Anditri Weningtyas; Moh. Mirza Nuryady
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i3.35386

Abstract

Introduction: Anemia remains a significant public health problem among adolescents in developing countries such as Indonesia. Female adolescents are more vulnerable due to menstrual blood loss and increased iron needs during growth, while dietary diversity and beverage habits may further influence anemia risk. Aim: This study aimed to analyze factors associated with anemia, including gender, diet quality, and tea or coffee consumption, and to explore their molecular relevance using a bioinformatics approach. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 199 adolescents (105 males, 94 females) aged 12–17 years in a boarding school in Malang, Indonesia. Data collection included hemoglobin measurement, anthropometric assessment, and a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square and logistic regression, while bioinformatics analysis employed STRING, Cytoscape, and ShinyGO to identify key genes and pathways. Results: Female gender (AOR = 6.595; p < 0.001), adequate diet (AOR = 0.184; p = 0.012), and tea/coffee intake (AOR = 7.532; p < 0.001) were significant predictors of anemia. Bioinformatics analysis identified SLC11A2, TFRC, and HAMP as key genes regulating ferroptosis and mineral absorption pathways. Conclusions: Gender, dietary quality, and tea or coffee consumption significantly influence anemia in adolescents. 
Comparative Impact of Black Coffee and Milk Coffee on Prediabetes in Obese Adults Eka Febriyanti; Huwainan Nisa Nasution; Fardella Lufiana
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i4.35512

Abstract

Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular disorders, primarily through the mechanism of insulin resistance. One contributing factor to obesity is the increasing consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, including milk coffee. However, coffee also contains bioactive compounds with potential protective effects. This study aimed to compare the effects of pure black coffee and milk coffee consumption on prediabetes status and fat mass among obese individuals. An analytical observational study with a cross sectional design was conducted in Medan City from December 2024 to February 2025 involving 82 obese participants aged 19–45 years. Coffee intake was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), fasting blood glucose levels were measured using spectrophotometry, and fat mass was evaluated with a Body Composition Analyzer. Data were analyzed using a chi-square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results showed no significant difference in prediabetes incidence between black coffee and milk coffee consumers (p = 0.925). Similarly, fat mass did not differ significantly between groups (31.1 ± 7.4 vs. 31.7 ± 7.3). In conclusion, consumption of black coffee or coffee with milk showed no significant effect on prediabetes incidence or fat mass among obese individuals.
Integrating Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation into Antenatal Care in Rural Indonesia Rosdiana Syakur; Ajeng Kurniati; Andi Maryam; Sutiyono
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i4.35707

Abstract

The This study evaluated the effectiveness of Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation (MMS) compared to Iron–Folic Acid (IFA) in improving maternal nutritional out comes in Indonesia. Maternal undernutrition and anemia contribute to low birth weight and stunting, while antenatal programs largely rely on IFA. This quasi-experimental pre–post parallel-group study was conducted in 2025 in Grobogan District, Central Java, who involved 60 pregnant women who were randomly assigned to MMS (n = 30) or IFA (n = 30). Maternal nutritional status was assessed through changes in body weight, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and hemoglobin levels. Ethical approval was obtained (No. 48/Kom.etik/VI/2025). Data were analyzed using paired t-tests or Wilcoxon tests for within-group comparisons and independent t-tests or Mann–Whitney tests for between-group differences. Both groups showed significant weight gain (MMS: +2.93 kg; IFA: +3.47 kg; p < 0.05), with no significant difference between groups (p = 0.363). MUAC increased significantly in the IFA group (+0.96 cm; p = 0.018) but not in the MMS group. Hemoglobin increased significantly in the IFA group (+1.02 g/dL; p = 0.008), whereas MMS showed a non-significant decline. These findings indicate that although both supplements improved maternal weight, IFA was more effective in increasing hemoglobin.
Smoking Behavior and Workplace Health Promotion Among Municipal Employees: A Study of Greater Amman Municipality Staff in Jordan Nour Salah Abdeljawad; Shtoura Aladwan; Yasar Alkhitan
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 21 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v21i3.36092

Abstract

This study explores how common smoking is among employees of the Greater Amman Municipality (GAM) in Jordan. It looks at patterns and reasons behind smoking within the context of both national and global efforts to create smoke-free public spaces. We used a cross-sectional design and a structured electronic questionnaire to gather data on tobacco use, demographics, job stress, quitting behavior, and knowledge of available support services. The results show that 36% of GAM employees smoke, with traditional cigarette use being the most common type. Smoking behavior is notably linked to factors like how long employees have worked there, their stress levels, and how young they started smoking. Although 53% of smokers tried to quit, only 32% of those who knew about cessation clinics actually used them. Almost 70% of respondents reported being exposed to second-hand smoke, even though 66% thought GAM was a smoke-free environment. These findings emphasize how workplace culture, psychological stress, and gaps in enforcement contribute to ongoing smoking habits. The study highlights the urgent need for health promotion strategies that include support for quitting, mental health resources, and effective policy actions focused on municipal workers. It adds to the existing literature on occupational health in urban areas of the Middle East and backs national tobacco control efforts aimed at cutting down smoking in public sector workplaces.

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