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Folia Medica Indonesiana The Unit of Journal Consortium and Folia Medica Indonesiana Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Jl. Prof. Dr. Moestopo No.47, Pacar Kembang, Kec. Tambaksari, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60132, Indonesia
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Folia Medica Indonesiana
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 23558398     EISSN : 2599056X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.65346/2958-4515.2401
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Folia Medica Indonesiana, as indicated by its name, focuses on publishing good quality articles about research and education on health science and medicine in Indonesia. However, due to the fast growth of science and knowledge in these fields, we also welcome submitted articles from around the world, especially the ones that contain related matters from lower-middle income countries. Folia Medica Indonesiana is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal that is published online at least four times a year. The scope covers various aspects of basic medical sciences includes anatomy, physiology, pathology, microbiology, pharmacology, and molecular medicine) and clinical medicine (covers specialties like internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, oncology, psychiatry, etc). We highlight the pathology and potential treatment of metabolic syndromes and infectious diseases. Folia Medica Indonesiana also encourages the publication of articles about health education. The scope includes, but is not limited to, articles that emphasize on preventive education on certain diseases in a community, also research report of various materials and/or methods to develop medical education. We recognize the importance of this type of articles to be published alongside the assigned topic in each of our yearly issues, to provide our readers with updated information in medical sciences’ research and education simultaneously.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 54, No. 4" : 13 Documents clear
Review article: Neonatal Sepsis in Thailand Thatrimontrichai, Anucha
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 4
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Abstract

Neonatal sepsis is a burden around the world and causes high mortality and morbidity as well. Long-term neurodevelopmental disability may occur in survivors. General physicians, pediatricians, and neonatologists need be attentive to the proper diagnosis, starting, de-escalating or stopping empirical antimicrobials therapy in neonatal sepsis. Furthermore, multidrug resistant organisms have emerged among adults, children, and neonates in developing countries. Local epidemiology studies and antimicrobial stewardship programs are important for application of the best and specific treatments. Knowledge, definitions, and clinical practice of neonatal sepsis are updated in this review.
Increased Activity Of Mature Osteoblast from Rat Bone Marrow-Mesenchymal Stem Cells tn Osteogenic Medium Exposed to Melatonin Purnama, Yugi Hari Chandra; Mastutik, Gondo; Putra, Suhartono Taat
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 4
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Abstract

Exposure to melatonin in the cultures of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) in osteogenic medium is able to induce mesenchymal stem cells and preosteoblasts into active osteoblasts via several transduction signals such as ERK 1/2. Previous studies used a single dose of 50 nM and a physiological dose of 20-200 pg/ml. The objective of the study was to obtain an optimal dose of melatonin that enhances osteoblast activity by increasing the expression of ERK1/2 and ALP levels in the culture of Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) in osteogenic medium. This study was an in vitro experimental laboratory study using BM-MSCs from rat femoral bone grown on osteogenic medium without or with exposure to melatonin in doses of 0, 50, 100, 150 nM for 21 days. BM-MSCs were characterized by immunocytochemical techniques (CD45- and CD 105+) and ERK 1/2 expression was checked 24 hours after exposure to melatonin, while ALP levels were examined on day 21 using ELISA technique. ERK 1/2 expression on BM-MScs exposed to melatonin in doses 0, 50, 100, and 150 nM were respectively 0.087, 0.095, 0.081, and 0.079. Mean ERK 1/2 expression in various groups showed a decrease along with increasing doses of melatonin. Among the four treatment groups, the administration of melatonin in a dose of 50 nM resulted in highest mean ERK 1/2 expression. ALP levels in BM-MSCs exposed to melatonin doses of 0, 50, 100, and 150 nM were 0.128; 0.130; 0.117, and 0.111 ng/ml respectively. Data showed that decreasing mean ALP levels occurred along with the addition of melatonin dose. In conclusion, the administration of melatonin 50 nM is the optimal dose to increase the differentiation of cultured rat BM-MSCs into active osteoblasts.
Effects of Valproate and Fluoxetine Combination on YMRS and MADRS Sores in Continuation Phase Treatment of Bipolar Disorder Trengginas, Ganesha T; Hasmono, Didik; Subagyo, Roni
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 4
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Abstract

Valproate is the most common drug to use in bipolar disorder in Indonesia and the only mood stabilizer drug in national formulary. Combination of valproate and fluoxetine are the most used combination in bipolar disorder therapy in Bhayangkara Hospital, Kediri. However, this combination has been controversial because of its risk of triggering mania or hipomania episode in 12 months. The aim of this study was to analyze mood change symptoms with YMRS and MADRS scale after treatment of valproate and fluoxetine combination in continuation phase treatment of bipolar disorder. This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in psyciatry clinic in Bhayangkara Hospital Kediri between August 2016-October 2016 on 15 patients in YMRS. MADRS questionnaire was filled by physician before treatment and after 8 weeks treatments. Within 8 weeks, mean YMRS score changed from 1.4 to 1.26 (p>0.05). Whereas, mean MADRS score changed from 31.8 to 10.93 (p<0.05) after 8 weeks. There was no significant different in YMRS score between pre- and post-treatment, but there was significant different in MADRS score after treatment.
Dhikr (Recitation) and Relaxation Improve Stress Perception and Reduce Blood Cortisol Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with OAD Amir, Faisal; Mastutik, Gondo; Hasinuddin, M; Putra, Suhartono Taat
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 4
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Abstract

Recitation and relaxation are translated as stimuli that can turn disstraints into uneven conditions (balanced conditions). The purpose of this study was to explain the effect of remembrance and relaxation on improving stress perception and decreasing blood cortisol levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with Anti Diabetes Medication (OAD). This type of research is quasi-experimental with the non randomized control group pretest posttest design. The population in this study were all type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at the Internal Poly department of Syarifah Ambami Hospital Rato Ebu Bangkalan. The study sample was divided into 2 groups, namely control and intervention, each of which was 14 respondents. First, respondents were asked to fill out an informed consent form, identity, fill in the Depression Anciety Stress Scale 42 questionnaire (DASS 42) and examine cortisol levels as pre-treatment data. Then for 6 weeks the intervention group was given remembrance and relaxation treatment, while the control group was only given health education. After 6 weeks the second group respondents were asked to fill in DASS 42 and examined cortisol levels as data after treatment. Difference data before and after the treatment was tested for normality using Shapiro-Wilk and obtained normal data distribution so that the different tests used independent T test with a = 0.05. Recitation and relaxation can significantly improve stress perception with p value (0.001) <0.05 and reduce cortisol levels with p value (0.024) <0.05. Recitation and relaxation improve stress perception so that the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis produces a balanced level of the hormone cortisol. Cortisol in a balanced level will improve various metabolic processes.
Prevalence of Insomnia and Its Association with Social Media Usage among University Students in Selangor, Malaysia, 2018 Abdalqader, Mohammed A; Ariffin, Indang Ariati; Ghazi, Hasanain Faisal; AboBakr, Mohammed Faez; Fadzil, Mohd Ariff
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 4
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Abstract

Insomnia is an arising common health problem in Malaysia. There are many factors contributed to insomnia in young adults but very few are known. Increasing usage of social media may be one of the contributing factors to insomnia along its association with the sociodemographic factors. The objective of this study was to measure the prevalence of insomnia and to study its association with usage of social media and sociodemographic factors among university students. A cross-sectional based questionnaire was conducted among 445 students aged 18-30 years old in a private university in Selangor from July to August 2018. The questionnaire consisted of three parts to assess insomnia, social media usage and some socio-demographic factors. The age of the respondents ranged from 19 to 33 years old and the majority was relatable to insomnia (69%). The frequency of accessing social media was significantly associated with insomnia (p value=0.005). The time of the day of accessing social media mostly was significantly associated as well with insomnia, especially evening (p value=0.02), night time (p value=0.01) and before sleeping time (p value=0.04). The use of gadgets (phones/laptops/tablets) before sleeping at night also showed significant association with insomnia (p value=0.003). The sociodemographic factors (gender, age, race, income, relationship and living status) showed no significant association with insomnia. As a conclusion, the most influential factors that significantly associated to insomnia among students in a private university were the frequency of accessing social media, time of social media usage (the evening, night and before sleeping), and the usage of gadgets before sleeing on bed.
icaA/D Genes and Biofilm Formation of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya Suryanditha, Putu Arya; Rasita, Yoeke Dewi; Debora, Kartuti; Kuntaman, K
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 4
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Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a global health concern. One of the factors causing hospital infection is related to the ability of MRSA bacteria to form biofilms. Polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA), encoded by ica gene, have an important role in S. aureus intracellular accumulation and aggregation. The aims of this study was to analyze the relationship between icaA, icaD genes and biofilm production in MRSA carrier and clinical isolate in Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. This study was an observational study using cross sectional approach. The sample was 47 MRSA isolates is as follow 28 isolates from carrier and 19 were clinical isolates. All of MRSA isolates carried mecA gene. PCR was performed to detect icaA and icaD genes. Biofilm formation was detected using microtiter plate assay (MTP). icaA gene was detected in all isolates whereas icaD gene in 96,4% carrier isolates and all (100%) of clinical isolates. Positive MTP results showed in all (100%) of carrier isolates and 57,9% of clinical isolates. Statistic result was significantly different in biofilm formation between carrier and clinical MRSA isolates. The proportion of positive biofilm formation in isolate with positive icaA/D genes was 82.6%. There was not any association between icaA and icaD gene with biofilm production.
Forensic Identification of Blood Types in Pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) Fruit Bitemark Aliviameita, Andika; MAR, Mieke Sylvia; Yudianto, Ahmad
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 4
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Abstract

Blood type in saliva can be examined through bitemarks on an object left at the crime scene in a crime case as a screening test of suspected perpetrators. Saliva deposited at the bite contains glycoproteins which can carry blood type ABH antigens expressed in the salivary glands and excreted in saliva. Salivary examination is influenced by various external factors that damage saliva, one of which is the duration of exposure to room temperature in a certain period of time. This study aimed to determine differences in protein levels and blood group agglutination titers in (Pyrus bretschneideri) pear bitemark saliva during room temperature exposure within 30, 60 and 90 minutes. This type of study was experimental laboratories with time series design. The samples used were 18 pear bitemarks from 6 individuals who had blood groups A, B and AB then incubated for 30, 60 and 90 minutes. Analysis of protein content using trizol reagent was determined spectrophotometrically, while blood group examination used inhibition absorption method. Anova test showed significant difference between groups of 30 minutes exposure duration with 60 minutes and 90 minutes exposure group (P<0.05; 95% confidence interval). The Pearson correlation obtained the results of -0.739, indicating correlation that the longer exposure to room temperature, the lower the protein content. The results showed that there was a decrease in salivary protein levels and blood group agglutination titers. Salivary protein levels were still detected in the time range of 30, 60 and 90 minutes, so that blood type can still be examined from saliva in bitemarks on pear fruit.
The Efficacy of Psidium guajava Linn Leaf Extractsfrom Selangor Region Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Zuhaira, S; Nizam, Noorhaniz Mohd; Ridzuan, PM
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 4
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Abstract

Antibiotic is a type of medication that helps in fighting bacterial infection. Treating bacterial infections in clinical setting become more complicated and costly due to drug resistance. This study was conducted to determine the antibacterial potential of Psidium guajava Linn leaf extracts against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. P. guajava Linn leaf was obtained from Research Orchards at University Putra Malaysia (UPM). Leaves were extracted using three types of extracts; hot, cold and methanol extract. Freeze dried was used in this study and temperature was set at -104°C for 24 hours. Antibacterial testing was determined using disc diffusion and well diffusion method. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by measuring the inhibitory zone of the tested bacteria. Phytochemical analysis was conducted by adding few drop of diluted NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide) solution to detect the active flavanoid from leaves extract. Antimicrobial activity showed all extracts were effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Phytochemical analysis of P. guajava Linn leaf extracts showed the methanol extract indicating the presence of tannins, phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides and saponins. Results showed that P. guajava Linn leaf was effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and pythochemical analysis also exhibited a few active compounds that were determined. P. guajava Linn leaf had potential natural product that may be used for further analysis in the future research.
Review article: The Effect of Exercise On Fat Browning through Plasma Irisin Level Modulation to Overcome Obesity Amaliyah, Miftahul Nur; Rejeki, Purwo Sri
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 4
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Abstract

Overweight and obesity incidence continues to increase and becomes a global problem in recent decades. One of the pathophysiology is a low energy output, therefore energy homeostasis shifts positively. Exercise is considered as an effective method to increase energy output. Irisin is one of myokine type that is secreted to the bloodstream while exercising and causes changes in subcutaneous adipose tissue. In adipose cells, irisin will stimulate the browning process in White Adipose Tissue to increase thermogenesis and lipolysis.
The Prevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Gut Bacterial Flora Among Patients in Dr. Soetomo Hospital and Primary Health Centre in Surabaya Naelasari, Dian Neni; Koendhori, Eko Budi; Dewanti, Linda; Sarassari, Rosantia; Kuntaman, K
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 54, No. 4
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Abstract

The extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL) producer bacteria until now were mostly identified in hospital environment. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of ESBL-producing gut flora and distribution of ESBL encoding genes between hospitalized patient in Tropical Wards of Dr. Soetomo Hospital and patient from a primary health centre (PHC) as community environment in Surabaya. Thiry rectal swab samples from hospital of Dr. Soetomo patients and from PHC (60 samples in total) were collected for this study. Samples were screened in MacConkey agar supplemented with 2 mg/L of cefotaxim, incubated at 37ºC for 24 hours. Then the growing colony were confirmed with Disk Diffusion Synergy test (DDST) for diagnosis of ESBL producer. The identified ESBL producers were then identified the bacteria species by biochemical method. ESBL gene were detected by PCR with specific primers. The results showed that there was not difference of positif nuber of ESBL-producing bacteria gut floral between patients of Dr.Soetomo Hospital, 25/30 (83.3%) and PHC, 11/30 (36.7%) (p=1). The pattern of ESBL gene distributions among samples from hospital showed that SHV was 12%, TEM was 36%, and CTX-M was 80%, and from PHC were SHV 18.2%, TEM 27,3% and CTX-M 81,8%. Statistical analysis showed that the pattern was not significantly different among hospitals and PHC samples as shown by SHV gene (p=0,631), TEM (p= 0.715), and CTX -M (p=1). From each ESBL gene, the dominant genes that found producing ESBL were the CTX-M genes followed by TEM and SHV genes. The prevalence of ESBL producersin intestinal flora of both the hospital (83,3%) and the PHC (36,7%) was very high. There was not significant difference between the prevalence of ESBL producer in gut flora of hospitalized patients compared to PHC. There was found other patterns of ESBL gene combinations in the hospital of SHV+CTX-M genes, TEM+CTX-M, SHV+TEM+CTX-M genes and PHC, the combination pattern of SHV+CTX-M, TEM+CTX-M.

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