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Articles 92 Documents
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Prevalence of Malnutrition Among Children Under Five in Iware, Taraba State Umaru, Isaac John; Asare, Solomon O.; Danjuma, Tyem Lawal; Ayi, Atsu; Akem, Ingwu Joseph; Akpan, Usenobong Morgan; Salman, Julius Ishaya; Hassan, George Okra; Ahmed, Maryam Usman; Umaru, Hauwa A.
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 3 No 2 (2026): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v3i2.9473

Abstract

Malnutrition remains a major public health challenge in Nigeria, particularly among children under five years of age, with serious consequences for morbidity, mortality, cognitive development, and long-term human capital. In rural communities such as Iware, Taraba State, this burden is intensified by poverty, poor feeding practices, limited access to healthcare, and low caregiver education. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight among children aged 0–59 months in Iware and to examine the associations between nutritional status and socio-economic factors, including household income, caregiver education, feeding practices, and recent illness episodes, while also assessing the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A supplementation. A cross-sectional design was employed, with a sample size estimated using Cochran’s formula at 200–400 children. A multistage sampling technique was used in which households were randomly selected and eligible children were stratified by age group. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, feeding practices, and household conditions, alongside anthropometric measurements of weight, height/length, and mid-upper arm circumference, with nutritional status classified according to WHO Growth Standards. Data collection was conducted over 2–4 weeks by trained enumerators following a pilot study, and the data were analyzed using SPSS and STATA through descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression. The findings revealed a high prevalence of malnutrition, with stunting at 35%, underweight at 30%, and wasting at 25%. Although 60% of children were exclusively breastfed and 65% had received vitamin A supplementation, 42.5% had experienced recent illness. Socio-economic findings further showed that 72.5% of households earned below ₦30,000 per month and that 20% of caregivers had no formal education. Statistical analysis indicated significant associations between malnutrition and low household income, poor caregiver education, and inadequate complementary feeding practices (p < 0.05). The study concludes that malnutrition among children under five in Iware is driven by the combined effects of chronic poverty, limited maternal education, suboptimal feeding practices, and frequent illness. These findings underscore the need for multi-sectoral interventions focused on nutrition education, economic empowerment, improved healthcare access, and community-based strategies tailored to rural populations.
The Effect of Punica granatum Leaf Tea on Potassium Oxonate Induced Gout in Male Wistar Rats Wonderful, Akinniyi Ezekiel; Aduwamai, Umaru Hauwa
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 3 No 2 (2026): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v3i2.9479

Abstract

Gout is a prevalent and debilitating inflammatory condition caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the joints, leading to acute pain, swelling, and redness. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Punica granatum leaf tea on potassium oxonate-induced gout in male Wistar rats. Thirty rats were allocated into six groups of five animals each, and gout was induced by intraperitoneal administration of potassium oxonate at 250 mg/kg body weight for 14 days. P. granatum leaf tea was administered at doses of 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg body weight. The findings showed that potassium oxonate significantly increased serum uric acid, creatinine, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and hepatic xanthine oxidase activity relative to the normal control. Among the tested doses, 30 mg/kg body weight produced a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in uric acid (4.80 ± 0.06 mg/dL vs. 7.37 ± 0.15 mg/dL), IL-1β (25.41 ± 0.79 pg/mL vs. 31.45 ± 2.71 pg/mL), and hepatic xanthine oxidase activity (5.93 ± 0.20 U/L vs. 11.89 ± 1.11 U/L), with effects comparable to the standard drug group. The same dose also showed a more pronounced effect than the standard drug in reducing TNF-α (7.44 ± 0.58 pg/mL vs. 10.95 ± 1.87 pg/mL) and ALP (63.16 ± 2.06 U/L vs. 68.00 ± 1.98 U/L). The study concludes that Punica granatum leaf tea exhibits anti-hyperuricemic, anti-inflammatory, and organ-protective effects in potassium oxonate-induced gout, highlighting its potential contribution as a natural therapeutic candidate for gout management.

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