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Journal of International Relations Diponegoro
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 30632684     EISSN : 30632684     DOI : https://doi.org/10.14710/jirud.v10i2
Core Subject :
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro publishes articles on contemporary transnational crimes from a variety of methodologies and approaches. The journal was originally established to encourage scholarly publications by students from International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro. JIRUD will be pubished twice a year May and November. Journal of International Relations Diponegoro seeks original manuscripts that provide theoretically informed empirical analyses of issues in international relations, as well as original theoretical or conceptual analyses. The journal represents no particular school or approach, nor is it restricted to any particular methodology. Instead, it seeks to foster an awareness of methodological and epistemological questions in the study of International Relations, and to reflect research and developments of a conceptual, normative and empirical nature in all the major sub-areas of the field. Journal of International Relations Diponegoro publishes research, development and review articles in social and political fields with the following scope: 1. Transnational Crime 2. International Crime 3. Security Studies 4. Globalization & Transnationalism 5. Humanitarianism 6. Foreign Policy 7. International Politics
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Articles 500 Documents
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15. POSISI AMERIKA SERIKAT TERHADAP REZIM DASAR LAUT INTERNASIONAL OTORITA DASAR LAUT INTERNASIONAL Arif Satrio Nugroho; Ika Riswanti Putranti; Andi Akhmad Basith Dir
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v2i4.13525

Abstract

International Seabed Authority came as an international organization that provided aregime to minimize the territory conflict that feared would be happened among states andminimizing environmental crime that would be occurred in international seabed area whichare beyond any national jurisdiction. As a part of UNCLOS and 1994 Agreement Part XI,the Authority was an international organization which duty is to manage seabed area thatlocated in international territory. But, in its development, United States as an activeparticipant of law of sea treaty development decided to decline the concept of InternationalSeabed Authority and reject the Authority as an international seabed regime until date.United States decided to not join International Seabed Authority and decline mining codeof the Authority as international seabed regime because of politic, economic, social andenvironmental factors which is less profitable if US joined the Authority. Meanwhile,international seabed regime that was built by the Authority is also not in line with USnational interest in international seabed management. Therefore, US established DSHMRA(Deep Seabed Hard Mineral Resource Act) as an alternative legal act to carry out theactivities in the Area. By DSHMRA, US interest in building the hegemony of seabedmanagement could be more facilitated.
Isu Rasisme dalam Hubungan Internasional : Narasi “Asian Hate” dan Mispersepsi Amerika Serikat terhadap China di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19 Ananda Yuan Hasnaa
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 9, Nomor 1, Tahun 2023
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v9i1.37381

Abstract

As a country with the high criminality level in treating the coloures skinned tribes badly, the United States uses the discrimination, as a political method, to blame the society by spreading hatred among them in order to make cracks among them. The discrimantion has always been in line with the white supremacy policy. It started to come up in public again when the virus of Covid-19 orginated from appred in the United States, which the statements “Chinese Virus” and “Kungflu Virus” at the mention of Covid-19 became a factor in the occurrence of the Asian Hate phenomenon. In this study, an analysis will be carried out using the theory of perceptions and misperceptions to find the reasons behind this concern about Asian Hate. This research will answer the question “How Does the Issue of Racism Affect the United States' Perception of Cina in Creating Asian Hatred in the Midst of the Covid-19 Pandemic?”. The purpose of this research is to analyze the country's perceptions that can cause a phenomenon or misperceptions against a competing country using the theory of perceptions and misperceptions by Robert Jervis. This study uses a qualitative research type where the data will be processed using descriptive methods. As a result, Asian Hate is rising as a misperception between United State and China because of white supremacy.
PEREMPUAN DAN TERORISME: KETIDAKHADIRAN FENOMENA FEMALE SUICIDE TERRORISM (FST) DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2009-2015 Robiatus Sholukhah; Fendy Eko Wahyudi
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 5, Nomor 3, Tahun 2019
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v5i3.24163

Abstract

FST is a phenomenon of the use of women in suicide attacks. In an era where female suicide terrorism (FST) is on the rise, but why this trend was absent in Indonesia. This study aims to analyzes the absence of women in Indonesian suicide terrorism in 2009 – 2015. Using feminist constructivism theory and the concept of women in the Javanese culture. There are three primary findings from this study that explain the absence of female suicide terrorism in Indonesia in 2009 – 2015. First, organizational analysis shows that terrorist groups in Indonesia view that women should be protected. In this view, men would not involve their wives in danger; second security standards of Indonesian terrorism group as secret organization prohibit its members from divulging their plans of action to anyone, including their wives and children, so jihad is only carried out by men; and third, the nature role of women in the Javanese culture as “macak, masak, and manak” that lead women to work in domestic area.
3. KEGAGALAN DIPLOMASI PEMERINTAH AUSTRALIA DALAM PEMBEBASAN TERPIDANA HUKUMAN MATI KASUS BALI NINE DI INDONESIA Yulia Alfeini; Hermini Susiatiningsih; Nadia Farabi
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 3, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v3i1.14582

Abstract

Execution of the death penalty in The Bali Nine Case made The Government of Australiadid some of diplomatic efforts to rescue the two Australian prisoners, namely MyuranSukumaran and Andrew Chan. Those efforts are made through smart diplomacy, the typeof diplomacy that combines soft power diplomacy and hard power diplomacy. Moreover,there were also diplomatic efforts that undertaken by the international organization torescue both of convicted from the death penalty. However, the entire diplomacy was failedafter the decisions to reject the clemency for the two prisoners was issued by ThePresident Jokowi, which in turn made the bilateral relation between Indonesia andAustralia were in conflict. This research aim to analyze the cause of releasing thedecisions to reject the clemency in The Bali Nine case, which is also causing the failure ofAustralian Government’s diplomacy to Indonesia in that case. The framework used in thisresearch is the concept of diplomacy and foreign policy to explain the case of Bali Nine,and also the theory of foreign policy analysis by Snyder to analyze the decisions in therejection of clemency. The type of this research is explanatory, using qualitative dataanalysis techniques from the primary and secondary data accumulation. The result of thisresearch explains that there are four determinant factors that come from the internal andexternal state, which makes the rejection of clemency decision (Indonesia). These fourfactors include: The first factor comes from the perspective of President Jokowi and hisgovernment as the main actor of policymakers for the rejection of clemency. The secondcomes from the public opinion of Indonesian people through the case of Bali Nine. Thethird comes from the relation between Indonesia and Australia in Tony Abbott’s era, whilethe fourth comes from the perception of the countries in Southeast Asia against drugscrime.
Perang Teknologi Amerika Serikat vs Tiongkok: Kebijakan Penolakan Teknologi 5G Huawei Tiongkok oleh Amerika Serikat Bayuaji Pradipta Arinanda; Reni Windiani; Satwika Paramasatya
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8, Nomor 2, Tahun 2022
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i2.33412

Abstract

The technology war between the United States and China is a struggle for dominance in core global technology, one of which is the 5G Internet Network. This has resulted in an escalation of conflict between the United States as a great power and China due to China's policy of rejecting Huawei's 5G internet technology. Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors and explain the reasons for the United States Government's rejection of China's 5G Huawei technology, and to find out how the United States' strategy is in China's hegemony efforts in the economic aspect with global technological mastery. The theory used by the author to analyze this research is the theory of offensive realism by using five assumptions according to Mearsheimer. The result of this study is that the United States as a Great Power wants to aggressively dominate China through Huawei's 5G Internet rejection policy. This is because the United States can increase its power over the control of 5G Internet Technology and strengthen China's economy, as well as ensure the strengthening of the United States' capability in the distribution of power in the international structure
Peran WHO (World Health Organization) dalam Menangani Peredaran Counterfeit Drugs (Studi Kasus: Implementasi Member States Mechanism di Indonesia) Anif Hidayah; Tri Cahyo Utomo
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v4i3.21157

Abstract

Transnational crime on counterfeit drugs circulation poses a real threat to the countries ofthe world, including Indonesia. Case of counterfeit drugs in Indonesia has increased in2012-2016. Therefore, a mechanism of cooperation is needed to overcome this crime.WHO (Worlds Health Organization) has established Member State Mechanism, amechanism of cooperation between member states in order to protect public health fromthe dangers of counterfeit medicines in order to achieve access to affordable, safe andquality medical products. This research aimed to explain the role of WHO for combatingthe number of counterfeit drugs distribution through case studies the Implementation ofMember States Mechanism in Indonesia in 2012-2016. Based on analysis by using datafrom several source, this research found the conclusion that the role of WHO is to providerecommendations, guidelines and coordination for health authorities (BPOM) to detect anddeal with actions, activities and behaviours that result in SSFFC medical products inIndonesia. However, the role of WHO through the implementation of MSM on SSFFC inIndonesia is not entirely successful, because the public awareness of counterfeit drugs arestill weak. Indonesia should find out the root of this problem by increasing detection at theentrance of illegal goods from abroad.
ANALISIS DUGAAN AKTIVITAS ILLEGAL FISHING OLEH KAPAL IKAN BERBENDERA RUSIA DI LAUT ARAFURA: TINJAUAN YURIDIS DAN STRATEGI KEAMANAN MARITIM INDONESIA I Gede Gohan Adiputra; Fahreza Putri; Maitsaa Bhanucetta; Maurora Sholehaliza B. P.; Lintang Elok Azaly; Caren Gilbert Edward Mintalangi
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Vol 10, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v10i2.48295

Abstract

The observation of illegal fishing activities by Russian ships in the Arafura Sea threatens Indonesia's maritime sovereignty as well as the preservation of Indonesia's marine ecosystem and economy. This research uses qualitative methods and case studies to analyze legal aspects and maritime security strategies applied by Indonesia. Research results show that although Indonesia has a strong legal basis such as Law number 45 of 2009 and Presidential Decree number 115 of 2015, its implementation is faced with obstacles such as limited supervision fleet and lack of coordination between institutions. To deal with this situation, the strategy used is to strengthen technology supervision, organize closer international cooperation, and empower local fishermen. This strategy is expected to maintain maritime sovereignty, protect marine resources, and support ecosystem sustainability in the Arafura Sea.
KONVENSI APOSTILLE DAN TRANSFORMASI LAYANAN PUBLIK: ANALISIS PENCEGAHAN PEMALSUAN DOKUMEN DALAM KONTEKS HUBUNGAN PEOPLE-TO-PEOPLE DI INDONESIA Putri Wening Nurani; Ika Riswanti Putranti
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Vol 10, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v10i1.50700

Abstract

AbstrakPemalsuan dokumen atau document fraud merupakan kejahatan transnasional yang berpotensi mengancam keamanan, ekonomi, dan stabilitas diplomatik suatu negara. Dalam konteks hubungan antar individu lintas negara (People-to-People - P2P), pemalsuan dokumen dapat memfasilitasi kejahatan seperti perdagangan manusia, pencucian uang, dan penyelundupan ilegal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan Konvensi Apostille sebagai upaya pencegahan terhadap pemalsuan dokumen dalam konteks hubungan people-to-people (P2P) guna mengatasi kejahatan transnasional terorganisir di Indonesia. Ruang lingkup penelitian mencakup evaluasi mekanisme verifikasi dokumen melalui sertifikat Apostille, identifikasi tantangan implementasi, serta penilaian efektivitas kebijakan dalam meminimalisasi potensi penyalahgunaan dokumen. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian deskriptif analisis, di mana data diperoleh melalui studi literatur dan analisis dokumen resmi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Indonesia telah mengadopsi Konvensi Apostille sejak tahun 2021, masih terdapat kendala seperti kesiapan infrastruktur digital, kurangnya harmonisasi regulasi, dan koordinasi antar instansi pemerintah yang belum optimal. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa peningkatan kesadaran publik, pelatihan sumber daya manusia, serta optimalisasi teknologi verifikasi menjadi kunci untuk meningkatkan efektivitas penerapan konvensi dalam mencegah pemalsuan dokumen.Kata kunci : Pemalsuan dokumen, Konvensi Apostille, People-to-People (P2P), Kejahatan Transnasional, Verifikasi Dokumen.  
Kegagalan Peacekeeping Operation PBB pada Konflik Republik Demokratik Kongo Wakhidah Hasna Khairunnisa; Rr. Hermini Susiatiningsih
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 5, Nomor 4, Tahun 2019
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v5i4.25098

Abstract

This research topic addresses the failure of MONUSCO to create peace in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Creating peace is a mandate that must be carried out by MONUSCO. This topic is interesting because of the fact that peace in the Democratic Republic of the Congo has not occurred until now, while the UN peacekeeping operation has been running since 1998 and is one of the longest and spend a lot of funds missions in the history of peace operations. In Dennis C. Jett's theory of the failure of peacekeeping operations, there is a predeployment factor and the deployment factor. In terms of predeployment, decision making, mandate, quality and quality of peacekeeper are important. Meanwhile in deployment factor, there are internal and external factors that have equal influence on the peace process. Therefore, the hope of achieving peace cannot be achieved. Because choosing MONUSCO itself is one of the causes of the failure to create peace, it also makes the rebel groups and interference from the interested parties into other factors that cause problems.
2. KERJASAMA INDONESIA – BRASIL DALAM PENANGANAN PERDAGANGAN NARKOTIKA ASAL BRASIL DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2010-2015 Didier Abihail; Hermini Susiatiningsih; Marten Hanura
Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 3, Nomor 3, Tahun 2017
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v3i3.16757

Abstract

Indonesia is a big a country that being targeted by international narcotics trafficker which is Transnational Organized Crime. One of the example is the Brazilian who tried to smuggle narcotics to Indonesia. This research is using two cases of studies, i.e. Rodrigo Gularte that has been apprehended in 2003 and Reginaldo Bom Fim is in 2012 by Indonesian National Police for smuggling Brazilian narcotics to Indonesia. In this regard, Indonesia – Brazil cooperation on combating narcotics becomes an interesting point to be studied. The research questions of this study is “How is Indonesia – Brazil cooperation on combating narcotics originated from Brazil? ; and Is there any factors that might supports or detains the cooperation?” The point of this research is to explain the procedure of cooperation between Indonesia – Brazil on combating drugs and explaining the factors that tied this cooperation. This research is using Liberalism theory and Implementation Policy theory. The Liberalism is being used to explain the procedure of cooperation between two countries effectively and then being ratified to be implemented. Also Implementation Policy theory is used for explaining the procedure of implementation on combating the drugs. Descriptive methods are being used in this research to explain the cooperation and the implementation of combating drugs policy. As the result, this study found that Indonesian – Brazil cooperation formally established after legal basis has been ratified, and then implemented by two ways of cooperation, which are cooperation between the Government (G to G) and cooperation between national police department (P to P). As for the process of cooperation, has its own tidal wave caused by inhibitor and stimulant factors by the two cases that’ve been the fundamental to this research. The stimulant factors that being referred is the two cases indicate that both of the party needs to cooperate to combat against TOC; both party shared common aspiration and commitment on combating against TOC. The inhibitor factors that being referred is about death penalty still being used towards narcotics convict and difficulties to gather inteligence source for combating narcotics trafficking.

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