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Dwi Suryani
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CMES (Center of Middle Eastern Studies)
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 2085563X     EISSN : 25021044     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20961/cmes
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The CMES (Center of Middle Eastern Studies) journal is a distinguished peer-reviewed academic publication dedicated to advancing rigorous scholarly research on Middle Eastern studies. It publishes high-calibre research articles, theoretical studies, and critical reviews that engage with both contemporary and historical issues relevant to the region, employing a multidisciplinary approach. The CMES journal serves as a dynamic intellectual platform for researchers, academics, and practitioners to exchange innovative findings and perspectives, advancing Middle Eastern studies through a multidisciplinary framework grounded in the epistemological foundations of the humanities and social sciences. In the humanities, the journal emphasises linguistics, literature, and Middle Eastern culture. At the same time, the social sciences focus on politics, economics, education, religions, and the social dimensions of Middle Eastern societies. CMES encourages scholarly work that engages these disciplines through monodisciplinary inquiry, interdisciplinary synthesis, or transdisciplinary dialogue, fostering conceptual integration and methodological interaction across disciplinary boundaries. Manuscripts submitted to CMES must be pertinent to Middle Eastern studies and demonstrate clear engagement with the epistemic traditions of their respective fields. Submissions are expected to exhibit rigorous methodology, original insights, and significant contributions to regional studies, while appealing to a global academic audience.
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Articles 163 Documents
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KESALAHAN GRAMATIKA BAHASA ARAB PADA TULISAN MAHASISWA PRODI SASTRA ARAB UGM Moh. Masrukhi
CMES (Center of Middle Eastern Studies) Vol 10, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Arabic Literature Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/cmes.10.2.20198

Abstract

Error in the language occurs due to speakers or learners already have rules of grammar  different from other grammars being studied. An impact arises on the imperfection or inability of speakers implying the use of the language. This article will reveal the errors that arise as a result of the lack of dominance of the rules of the language being studied. The goal is to find out on what level the error occurred. This research data is taken from the final examination of the subjects of Arabic Text Review Semester I and Semester III students of Arabic. Further data is analyzed by utilizing existing Arabic structure concept or theory. The result is that these learners' language errors occur both on the lexicon, Arabic phrase and as well in Arabic clauses. From the results of this study can be argued that to avoid language errors, grammatical mastery or grammar of a second language requires a lot of practice, both written and oral.
CODE MIXING AND CODE SWITCHING PHENOMENON IN AḤBABTUKA AKŚARA MIN MĀ YANBAGĪ NOVEL: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC STUDY Abdul Jawat Nur
CMES (Center of Middle Eastern Studies) Vol 14, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Arabic Literature Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/cmes.14.2.55606

Abstract

This paper will describe the phenomenon of code mixing and code switching in Aḥbabtuka Akśara Min Mā Yanbagī's novel based on sociolinguistic studies. The phenomenon of code mixing and code switching in this novel is worth further investigation because the novel makes extensive use of code mixing and code switching.. In addition, code mixing and code switching in Aḥbabtuka Akśara Min Mā Yanbagī's novel has not been discussed by other researchers. Based on the research that has been done, it is concluded that the code mixing in the novel Aḥbabtuka Akśara Min Mā Yanbagī is in the form of words and phrases. The form of code-mixing found is code-mixing of English words and phrases. The most widely used code switching is internal code switching and external code switching. Internal code switching occurs from Fuṣḥā Arabic to Amiyah Arabic and back to Fuṣḥā Arabic. In addition, external code switching occurs from Arabic Fuṣḥā to English and back again to Arabic Fuṣḥā. The factors that cause code mixing in Aḥbabtuka Akśara Min Mā Yanbagī's novel (2014) by Aṡīr 'Abdullāh are (a) bringing up humor, (b) appreciation for the interlocutor, (c) petition to the interlocutor, and (d) annoyance. The factors that cause code switching are (a) the attitude of the speaker, and (b) the expression of the speaker's solidarity with the group.
THE CONCEPT OF NŪR MUḤAMMAD IN “MAULID AD-DĪBA‘Ī”: A SCHLEIERMACHERIAN HERMENEUTIC PERSPECTIVE Fina Mazida Husna; Muhyar Fanani; Mowafg Masuwd; Nely Irnik Darajah
CMES (Center of Middle Eastern Studies) Vol 18, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Arabic Literature Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/cmes.18.1.101932

Abstract

This study aims to uncover the hidden meaning within the concept of Nūr Muḥammad as found in the Maulid ad-Dība‘ī, a classical Arabic literary work by ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān of Yemen, widely popular in Indonesia. Schleiermacher’s hermeneutics, which consists of grammatical and psychological interpretation, is employed as the analytical framework. Grammatical interpretation is conducted by examining the structure and linguistic choices in the text to uncover implicit meanings, while psychological interpretation delves into the author’s inner context through his biography, intellectual background, and spiritual environment. Utilizing a qualitative approach based on library research, the findings reveal that, grammatically, the concept of Nūr Muḥammad in Maulid ad-Dība‘ī is positioned as a primordial light that predates all prophets, including Prophet Ādam, and serves as a manifestation of the nobility of the Prophet Muḥammad. Psychologically, ad-Dība‘ī presents Muhammad not merely within a historical framework but also as the center of human existence and spirituality. More than a Sufi concept, Nūr Muḥammad in this work functions as a theological symbol that represents profound reverence for the Prophet and serves as a spiritual medium that radiates wisdom to those whose hearts are purified through love and the emulation of Muhammad.
PENGANTAR POLITIK ISLAM DAN ISLAM POLITIK Istadiyantha Istadiyantha
CMES (Center of Middle Eastern Studies) Vol 7, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Arabic Literature Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/cmes.7.2.13470

Abstract

Politic has been defined simply by Harold Laswell as who gets what, when, how?Many people say that politic is synonymous with power. The "power" is the ability of agroup to influence other groups according to the subject wishes. Furthermore, thepolitical experts see the power as a political core and also assume that politic is all amatter of fight and maintain activities power. It has a purpose related to the interests of the entire community. On the other hand mentioned that politic is the process offormation and distribution of a power in society such as decision-making process,particularly in countries. This understanding is the incorporation effort between manydifferent definitions of the political nature which is known in political science. Politic is the art and science to gain power constitutionally and unconstitutionally. Principally political Islam is to actualize Islamic law as the supreme source of lawin the national legal order. All laws and regulations applicable in a country should refer to the highest legal source Shari'a. If there is any conflict with the shari‟a, then it is automatically canceled regulations. Politics that do not have a mission like this can not be classified as political Islam.
DEKLARASI BALFOUR : TRAGEDI BAGI BANGSA PALESTINA DALAM PUISI-PUISI ARAB TAHUN 1920-1948 Hindun Hindun
CMES (Center of Middle Eastern Studies) Vol 11, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Arabic Literature Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/cmes.11.2.26990

Abstract

The arrival of Jews in Palestine since 1882 changed the order of life of the Palestinian people. Jews began to buy land from Palestinians with the aim of mastering all Palestinian land in the future. This mastery is carried out to realize the ideals of establishing a Jews country that has been proclaimed by The World Zionist Organization. The achievement of control of Palestinian land became apparent when the Ottoman Government in Palestine was defeated and turned into British hands. In 1917, Britain gave way to the Zionist Organization by signing the Balfour Declaration which gave permission to them to make Palestine a homeland. In three decades, the Zionist Organization succeeded in annexing Palestine and making it a Jewish state called Israel. The establishment of the state of Israel became a tragedy to the Palestinians. Arab poets have resisted since the signing of the Balfour Declaration until the tragedy of Israel's annexation of Palestine with their poems. Literary works, in the theory of adab almuqawamah, were written to arouse the spirit of resistance of a nation against colonialism. Arab poets through their poems warn of the adverse consequences of the Balfour Declaration for Palestine. Their poetry is also to arouse the fighting spirit of the Palestinian people against Israel.
DEIXIS USE IN “AL-QALB AL-JARȊH” SHORT STORY BY NAJIB KAILANI (A PRAGMATIC STUDY) Sammad Hasibuan
CMES (Center of Middle Eastern Studies) Vol 14, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Arabic Literature Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/cmes.14.2.51963

Abstract

This study describe the types of deixis and their functions contained in the short story al-Qalb al-Jarȋh by Najib Kailani. Through deixis, readers or listeners will be helped to know who, when, and where an utterance is carried out based on its context. In this study, the method used is descriptive-qualitative with a pragmatic approach. The object of the research is the short story al-Qalb al-Jarȋh, while the research data in the form of words, phrases, and sentences identified contain elements of deixis. The results of the study prove that the short story of al-Qalb al-Jarȋh by Najib Kailani contains various elements of deixis, including: person deixis, time deixis, place deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis.
DEPICTION OF NATURALISM IN THE NOVEL TAFṢĪL THĀNAWĪ BY ADANIA SHIBLI Misbahus Surur; Aulia Putri Oktaviani
CMES (Center of Middle Eastern Studies) Vol 18, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Arabic Literature Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/cmes.18.2.102936

Abstract

Unlike realist novels, whose characters can resist certain authorities, characters in naturalist novels cannot do so freely. Instead, they are often portrayed as swept up in pessimism and powerlessness. This study aims to explore the aspects of naturalism in the novel Tafṣīl Thānawī (Minor Detail), which depicts the condition of Palestine under Israeli occupation following the Nakba tragedy, using Zola’s naturalism as its theoretical lens. The research employs a descriptive–qualitative design: the novel is the primary source; secondary sources are books and journal articles on Shibli and Zola. Data were collected through close reading and note-taking, and analyzed via data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate five aspects of naturalism in Tafṣīl Thānawī, including determinism: impaired rational judgment, and a persistent focus on minute details. Settings: the Negev Desert, the hut of the Israeli military commander, and Ramallah. Pessimism: the Bedouin girl’s inability to resist and anxiety about traveling beyond her territory. Objectivity: third-person narration, the commander’s directives to soldiers, and the stark depiction of the girl’s burial. Plot twists: the Bedouin girl’s murder and the female journalist’s successful entry into Israeli territory.
MEMPERTAHANKAN TANAH AIR PALESTINA PADA PUISI “QAṢĪDATU AL-ARḌI” DALAM ANTOLOGI AL-AʻMĀLU AL-KĀMILATU KARYA MAḤMŪD DARWĪSY ANALISIS SEMIOTIK Ridhotun Ni’mah
CMES (Center of Middle Eastern Studies) Vol 12, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Arabic Literature Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/cmes.12.2.37881

Abstract

The condition of Palestine which has been occupied by Israel for a long time and has yet to be resolved, encourages poets to give birth to literary works in which echoed the suffering experienced by the Palestinian people. One of them is the poem of Maḥmūd Darwīsy entitled "Qaṣīdatu Al-Arḍi" in anthology Al-Aʻmālu Al-Kāmilatu. The poem reflects the message of revealing encouragement for the community in fighting for the Palestinian homeland and bringing up Palestinian nationalism. Therefore, the aim of this study is to uncover the meaning of this poem in relation to defending the Palestinian territories and uniting the nationalism of the people. The theory used in this research is the semiotic theory, which is a discipline that views the poem "Qaṣīdatu Al-Arḍi" in anthology Al-Aʻmālu Al-Kāmilatu as a semiotic marker where the meaning (signified) requires deeper analysis. Methodologically, this study uses the Michael Riffaterre semiotic model, a method that reveals the meaning of poetry technically using indirect expressions, heuristic readings, and hermeneutic readings. The results of this study found that this poem implies the struggle of the Palestinian people in defending their homeland where the action was manifested in large-scale demonstrations but unfortunately it did not even have any impact. Therefore, the only effective way to do it is by telling it through literary works such as in the title "Qaṣīdatu Al-Arḍi" in the anthology of AlAʻmālu Al-Kāmilatu. The work is a reflection of the suffering of the Palestinian people represented by the author, Maḥmūd Darwīsy, a Palestinian writer.
JAWDAT SA’ID ON PACIFISM AND VIOLENCE TODAY Sabina Abdulaev
CMES (Center of Middle Eastern Studies) Vol 17, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Arabic Literature Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/cmes.17.1.81649

Abstract

Nonviolence and pacifism are widely recognized and understood by various religions and cultures. Since the 1960s, a particular group of intellectuals, theologians, and religious leaders in the Muslim world have been working to establish a theoretical basis for social justice and a society that embraces diversity. Their efforts primarily focus on minimizing the use of violence. The main objective of this work is to elucidate the philosophical perspective on pacifism in Islam as articulated by the contemporary Islamic scholar Jawdat Saʽīd (1931-2022). Saʽīd offers an academic viewpoint on the strategic implementation of pacifism for promoting social change within the Muslim world and its diplomatic utilization externally. His theory is equally applicable to the non-Muslim world, encompassing monotheists and atheists as well. This study examines the texts or written materials, as well as the spoken words and interviews available on Saʽīd's personal website and other online platforms related to academia and widely known and used by the public.
VISION 2030: SAUDI ARABIA’S MODERNIZATION Nadiya Azahra Hidayat; Yon Machmudi; Siti Rohmah Soekarba
CMES (Center of Middle Eastern Studies) Vol 15, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Arabic Literature Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/cmes.15.2.62857

Abstract

The Saudi Arabia Kingdom has a long history of applying Islamic law as a reference for state policies. The modernization that has taken place in Saudi Arabia certainly intersected with Wahhabism, adopted as the central ideology of the Saudi Arabia Kingdom. This study discusses Saudi Arabia's modernization efforts,  which were initiated by Muhammad bin Salman’s Vision 2030. This study was designed with a descriptive-qualitative research method and used a literature review as the data collection technique. The theories used include Talcott Parsons' structural, functional theory with a decision-making process approach and the modernization theory by Inglehart and Welzel. The results revealed that the reign of King Salman and the Saudi Arabia Kingdom implemented Vision 2030 as a modernization of Muhammad bin Salman. Saudi Arabia's administration has gone through considerable changes from time to time. Societies once known to be conservative were able to quickly implement the economic and social reforms that began to lead to a liberal system. This is owing to the king's great power and the assurance of state welfare.

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