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Journal of International Relations Studies
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Journal of International Relations seeks original manuscripts that provide theoretically informed empirical analyses of issues in international relations, as well as original theoretical or conceptual analyses. The journal represents no particular school or approach, nor is it restricted to any particular methodology. Instead, it seeks to foster an awareness of methodological and epistemological questions in the study of International Relations, and to reflect research and developments of a conceptual, normative and empirical nature in all the major sub-areas of the field.
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Articles 609 Documents
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EFEKTIVITAS KERJA SAMA INTERPOL - GAATW DALAM MENANGANI PERDAGANGAN MANUSIA DI JEPANG Ghiffari, Fadil Budi; Pattipelohy, Shary Charlotte
Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

This study discusses how the effectiveness of Japan in handling human trafficking cases that occur with the assistance of INTERPOL which will then be assessed based on the standard indicators set by the GAATW (Global Alliance Against Traffic in Woman) as NGOs (Non Governmental Organizations) in assessing the case . In the issue of human trafficking, Japan is a country that has very complex problems related to the issue and also prostitution in its country. Japan is a destination country for women and children from East Asia, Southeast Asia, Eastern Europe, Russia and Latin America who make victims of Human Trafficking. Victims are often lured by false promises such as offering jobs as models, servants, hotel staff, and entertainers. Prostitution in Japan itself can no longer be dammed, it can even be said to be a natural thing there. There needs to be great awareness in the community, especially in Japan itself, so that the community plays an active role in eradicating trafficking to the maximum with cooperation between the government and the community. In the case of the majority of victims the women and children of this crime are included in Organized Crime which means that a crime is committed in a network that is organized and carried out in sophisticated ways because of the influence of advances in information technology. This weak public awareness is increasingly triggering Trafficking practices that will continue to develop. In this study the author explains with the theory of Liberalism Institutionalism which considers that the key focus of institutional liberalism is about the way in which institutions provide information for the state. In the end human trafficking in Japan has improved enough even though it cannot just disappear. However, the case has improved considerably and is not as prevalent before INTERPOL conducted research on human trafficking in Japan.
INSTITUSIONALISASI KERJASAMA AMERIKA SERIKAT - NEGARA LEMBAH BAWAH MELALUI PEMBENTUKAN LOWER MEKONG INITIATIVE 2009-2013 Putri, Jovita Aditya; Windiani, Reni; Paramasatya, Satwika
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

The damming Mekong River by China is a transnational environmental crime that hasbeen causing severe environmental, health, education, food security, and human securitydamages, especially affecting the lives of Lower Mekong Countries which consist ofThailand, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Myanmar. Seeingthat problem, United States came with help by establishing an institution called LowerMekong Initiative in 2009 which cooperate under environment and water, health,education, connectivity, and women empowerment pillars. The goal of this research is tofind out how the United States has been helping solve the problems in Lower MekongCountries by Lower Mekong Initiative establishment under Obama's era in 2009-2013. Inorder to answer that question, this research used the Neoliberal Institutionalization andInternational Cooperation Theory. The method that used in this research is a qualitativemethod with descriptive-analytical type which done by interviews and literatures review.The result from this research is that the United States has role as initiator, donor, trainingfacilitator, donor assistance, and facilitator of regional dialogue in establishing LowerMekong Initiative. The recommendation that writer addressed to Lower Mekong Initiativeis to make an annual report regarding the result of this cooperation in the membercountries and address China to give transparency about dam data and to reassess the damas to meet the decent international standard of good dam management.
Analisis Komparasi Kebijakan India dan Indonesia dalam Penanganan Google Tax Mursyid, Fariz Pradipta; Putranti, Ika Riswanti
Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Taxes are one of the largest sources of state revenue, so the state is vying to optimize itstax revenues. However, there are some companies that make tax avoidance schemes andtax planning aggressively so that the state loses. Google Tax is a tax avoidance methodwith Double Irish and Dutch Sandwich schemes. Indonesia and India are equallydisadvantaged by Google in terms of Taxes, but India has stepped forward with the regimeor law that has been made equalization levy. This study aims to provide an understandingof the formulation of the Google Tax regime in India and Indonesia. Policy MakingTheory is used to analyze the comparison of policies in India and Indonesia whenovercoming Google Tax. This study uses a descriptive-comparative method to explain howthe comparison of Google Tax policy planning in India and Indonesia based on thePolitical will of the policy makers in each country. The result of this research is that thereare similarities and differences of political will which is owned by the decision makers ofthe two countries, where the intention in building the infrastructure, but in Indonesia ishindered by bureaucracy complex.
DINAMIKA HUBUNGAN INDONESIA DAN JEPANG DALAM INDONESIA JAPAN ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT STUDI KASUS: EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN TERHADAP EKSPLOITASI IKAN TUNA DI WILAYAH PERAIRAN INDONESIA Larasati, Syntia Devi; Susetianingsih, Hermini; Paramasatya, Satwika
Journal of International Relations Volume 1, Nomor 2, Tahun 2015
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Indonesia Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) is one ofthe economic cooperation agreed by Indonesia and Japan, regulatingabout tariff reduction. The study reveals that the economiccooperation conducted by both countries has certain implications forefforts in doing environmental reforms in Indonesia especially in thecase of tuna exploitation where these implications are believed to beable impact the relationship between Indonesia and Japan. Thisresearch is aimed to evaluate said impact on the environment as wellto take a closer look at the IJEPA bilateral relations of both countries.The results of this research indicate that the strategy of Indonesia’sperformance in such cooperation is moderately weak.
The Fox and The Dragon : Proyek Kereta Cepat (HSR) Laos Sebagai Strategi “Bandwagoning for Profit” Ammar, Faishal; Rosyidin, Mohamad
Journal of International Relations Volume 5, Nomor 4, Tahun 2019
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

In 2013, China announces a mega project called Belt and Road Initiatives (BRI). This megaproject contain an investment up to US$ 1,6 trillion, in a bid to increase connectivity betweenAsia, Europe, and Africa. This research aims to review one of BRI projects in Laos, which isHSR (High Speed Rail). The HSR run between Kunming and Vientiane, with investment up toUS$ 6 billion. Many views that this project is nothing but a waste and unnecessary. Theburden of debt that Laos had from this project alarmed several entities, such as the WorldBank, and Asian Development Bank. For this project, Laos must contribute in a staggeringamount of US$715 million, many were acquired with loans from China. It is not mentioned ifLaos can’t repay the debt. Nowadays, China is Laos’s biggest trading partner. In thepresence of a rail connection, it is possible that Laos fall into economic dependency withChina. This research aims to prove Laos using bandwagoning as a strategy to gain economicbenefits. This is a qualitative research, with congruent method. The hyphotesis of thisresearch is Laos doing bandwagoning for economic gain. Laos is considered as Jackals inSchweller’s category. Laos take such big risk to increase what it achieved, a big economicgrowth. The result of this research is the hyphotesis is not fully true, as Laos considered asFox, not Jackals.
11. Kerja Sama Economic Community Of West African States (Ecowas) dalam Menanggulangi Perompakan Maritim di Teluk Guinea Tahun 2008 - 2015 Ardi, Vito Yanufan; Windiani, Reni; Pattipelohy, Shary Charlotte
Journal of International Relations Volume 3, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Geo-economy in Gulf of Guinea threatened by high number of maritime piracy in region.ECOWAS as a regional actor in Gulf of Guinea has responsible to keep its maritime areasecure. For combating maritime piracy in Gulf of Guinea, ECOWAS has cooperatedinternally among the members even with other regional actor (ECCAS) and internationalactors. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of of ECOWAS, regional andGlobal cooperations in combating maritime piracy. This research uses Regional SecurityComplex theory and States, Powers and Security theory for analyzing the high number ofmaritime piracy in Gulf of Guinea. This research also uses qualitative method withdescriptive-explanative through interview and literature research. However, based frompiracy attacks which has not been decreasing yet, huge financial loss from combatingpiracy, even victims numbers which still on high level, indicating that ECOWAScooperations for combating piracy in region is not effective yet. Analysis States, Powersand Security suggest ECOWAS as weak states. The weakness of ECOWAS membersstates in economic, politic and social sectors make maritime piracy flourishing in Gulf of
Kebijakan Pemerintah Jerman Menangani Peningkatan Angka Kriminalitas Pencari Suaka sebagai Dampak dari Open Door Policy Al Ghifari, Muhmmad; Hanura, Marten
Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 3, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Germany is one of the favorite destinations for immigrants and asylum seekers seeking help because of the open door policy that began to be implemented in August 2015. This policy opens German borders for asylum seekers fleeing the wars that occurred in the Middle East such as Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan. Waves of asylum seekers are increasingly flooding Germany. This policy then began to have an impact, one of which began to increase the number of crimes committed by asylum seekers in Germany. The German government then issued a new policy to handle the impact that arose from previous policies by launching the StarthilfePlus aid program. This study finds that policies implemented to cope with the impact of open door policies that have previously been implemented are not yet effective. The ineffectiveness of this policy is due to the two objectives that not yet achieved yet. First, there are no increased in migrants voluntarily returning to their home country. Secondly, the increasing number of failed asylum seekers residing in Germany compared with before the policy was implemented.
1. Diplomasi Indonesia dalam Pembebasan Sandera di Luar Negeri Studi Kasus: Diplomasi Total dalam Pembebasan WNI Sandera Abu Sayyaf pada Maret-April 2016 Istikharoh, Annis; Putranti, Ika Riswanti; Pattipeilohy, Shary Charlotte
Journal of International Relations Volume 3, Nomor 3, Tahun 2017
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

This research aims to explain the reasons behind Indonesia’s total diplomacy strategy to release hostages under Abu Sayyaf Group. The Abu Sayyaf Group kidnapped 14 Indonesian ship crews on March and April 2016, while was passing through the Sulu Sea. Qualitative research with the explanative method is used to explain the correlation between variables. This research uses Interdependence Liberalism as analytical tool, which states that transnational actor is more significant than military force. The result indicates that there are four underlying reasons on why Indonesian Government employs total diplomacy to release the hostages from Abu Sayyaf Group. First, Indonesia was a dialogue partner for MNLF and Philippine Government in the case of the peace agreement; Second, there is trade cooperation between South Philippine and Indonesia; Third, Indonesia has global network; and fourth, soft power is being chosen / prioritized to protect the hostages.
ANALISIS PERUBAHAN SIKAP KENYA TERHADAP ARMS TRADE TREATY Triutama, Reynaldi
Journal of International Relations Volume 4, Nomor 4, Tahun 2018
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

This research discusses about Kenya policy towards Arms Trade Treaty. Kenya is a victim of the proliferation of illegal weapons, which worsens domestic conflicts. Kenya was part of six ATT sponsor countries, which is Argentina, Australia, Costa Rica, Finland, Japan and the United Kingdom. At the regional level Kenya is incorporated in The Nairobi Protocol which discusses the control, prevention and reduction of illegal weapons with other African countries in the Horn of Africa and the Great Lakes of Africa. But in 2013 when ATT was adopted by the United Nations through a voting channel to become a resolution, Kenya took an anticlimax stance which initially supported and played an active role in the formulation of the resolution changed and choose abstain. This study tried to answer why there was a change from Kenya which initially supported the ATT and actively participated in the formulation of ATT to become passive by not taking action when ATT was adopted as a UN resolution. This study uses the Foreign Policy Decision Making framework described by William Coplin who emphasizes that in decision making in a country there are three determinant factors namely domestic political conditions, economic and military capabilities and an international context that encourages a country to take its foreign policy. This study found the reason for the refusal of the ATT ratification by Kenya was due to Kenya's unpreparedness to adopt ATT into its national law, concerns from Kenyan leaders about the relationship between ATT and the ICC and concerns that ATT could weaken Kenya's military capabilities.
17. KEJAHATAN TRANSNASIONAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF MARXISME : PENGARUH KULTUR EKSPLOITASI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KASUS PERDAGANGAN MANUSIA DI MALAYSIA Damara, Hilda Erika; Susiatiningsih, Hermini; Puspapertiwi, Sheiffi
Journal of International Relations Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro

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Abstract

Human trafficking and forced labor has become most vital problem in the industrial world,especially in agriculture, such as agriculture, manufacture, construction and domestic work.Malaysia is well known as one of countries that has not succeed yet in controlling humantrafficking. In 2009 Malaysia has been classified on Tier3. Before 2007, Malaysia did nothave any law that specifically control human trafficking or people smuggling. However,Malaysia has made efforts to combat human trafficking cases in the previous year. UsingMarxism approach, this research tried to explain the reason behind increasing number ofhuman trafficking in Malaysia, in spite of existed regulations. The type of this research isexplanatory, using qualitative method. This research finds that there is exploitation cultureembedded in Malaysia’s social structure which causes high rate number of humantrafficking cases. Exploitation culture itself, as defined by Marxism, is attitute from masterto treat worker as an object, instead of human being.

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