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INDONESIA
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro untuk mempublikasikan karya ilmiah - karya ilmiah mahasiswa Program S1 Teknik Kimia Undip.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 178 Documents
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PRODUKSI TRIACETIN DENGAN PROSES ESTERIFIKASI GLISEROL DAN ASAM ASETAT MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ASAM SULFAT Ika Windrianto K. H; Hantoro Satriadi
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Biodiesel is one alternative energy that is expected to replace diesel fuel. Glycerol is a by product of biodiesel production from transesterification reaction. Glycerol when esterified with acetic acid to form triacetin. Triacetin usability very much both for food and non food. For groceries, triacetin can be used as a fragrance ingredient in candy, beverages from milk, soft drinks and chewing gum. As for the non-food materials can be used for solvent triacetin on perfumes, printing ink, solvent in flavor, plasticizer for cellulose resin, polymer and co-polymers, it can even be used as fuel additives to reduce knocking in car engines. In this study will be obtained under optimum conditions of manufacture of triacetin. Glycerol and total volume of 600 ml acetic acid, stirring speed of 100 rpm and the catalyst was 5 wt% glycerol. In this study the process of qualitative analysis using FTIR instrument has detected the existence of triacetin product. Besides the quantitative analysis obtained under optimum conditions resulted in mole ratio of reagents 1:7 glycerol and acetic acid to a temperature of 1200C at 5 minutes with the conversion rate of 67.6323 %.
MODIFIKASI TEPUNG DARI UMBI GADUNG MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK RIMPANG JAHE SEBAGAI BAHAN MAKANAN FUNGSIONAL S Siswanto; Thamrin Manurung; Catarina Sri Budiyati
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

This research aims to study the modification of gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst) flour using ginger oil as cross linking agent following dispersion methods to meet the standards of the physicochemical properties of wheat. In keeping with that purpose, will be investigated the influence of molar ratio of ginger oil with of gadung flour (1:2 and 1:3), reaction time (30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes) and temperature (30, 40 and 50oC) on water solubility and swelling power  properties of the modified gadung flour. This research begins by mixing the suspension of gadung flour and ginger oil on the condition appropriate to the variable, then the product was dried and analyzed the swelling power and water solubility. Ratio of Ginger oil : gadung flour (1:3) with a temperature at 30oC and 60 minutes is the best condition of modification obtained from this study, where the modified gadung flour obtained has a very similar water solubility and swelling power properties with American wheat flour, which were 7.28 (g/100g) and 7.9 (g/g), respectively.The weakness of modified gadung flour was only  the presence of the remaining ginger aroma.
PENGARUH INITIAL MOISTURE CONTENT DAN MASSA TEPUNG PADA PROSES PENGERINGAN TEPUNG TAPIOKA MENGGUNAKAN PENGERING UNGGUN FLUIDISASI Ika Permatasari; Laela Khaerunnisa Eugenia; S Suherman
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 3, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

In tapioca starch home industry, flour drying still using conventional drying which relies on sunlight that cause product quality not uniform and under standard. From conventional drying weakness, fluidized bed drying technology can be applied to flour drying. The purpose of this research is to make drying curve, studied the effect of feed mass and initial moisture content to drying, and quality test of tapioca starch product. In this study, dependent variables are operating temperature 60 °C, drying air flow rate 2,7 m/s, operation time 45 minutes, and humidity inlet air. The independent variables are initial moisture content and feed mass.The result obtained is the value of RH and T air dryer air dryer exit out obtained through the curve will show the rate of drying. Analysis of products made with white test, starch content, moisture content, and fiber content. During drying process, relative humidity and humidity of outlet drying air are decreases, while temperature outlet drying air is increase. The effect of mass feed to moisture content product profile is the less of mass feed to be dried, and flour can dry faster. The effect of mass feed to drying rate is the less mass feed to be dried, the higher drying rate.
STUDI REAKTOR PLASMA DIELECTRIC BARRIER DISCHARGE (DBD) PLANAR TO PLANAR UNTUK PRE-TREATMENT KONVERSI LIMBAH PLASTIK POLIPROPILEN MENJADI BAHAN BAKAR CAIR Aniyati Khoiriyah; M.C.T. Wahyu Utami; I. Istadi
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Polipropilen (PP) is a kind of plastic that is widely used in our life. Plastic wastes give big problems to environment because plastic wastes are not easily degraded by nature. Conventional method for plastic waste processing is thermal cracking and catalytic cracking. The conventional process needs high energy. Plasma technology combined with catalytic cracking process is expected to cover the problems of energy requirement. Distance between both electrodes (high voltage and ground) and high voltage magnitude in plasma reactor is important parameter in plasma reactor operation and type or design of plasma reactor. Optimum of both important parameters need to be studied in order to get optimal operating condition suitable for better productivity. DBD Planar to Planar plasma reactor can be used to pre-crack polipropilen's structure (in the pre-treatment's process) so that catalytic cracking process in fixed bed's reactor conventional that use RCC (Residual Catalytic Cracking) catalyst can be easier to take. On this plasma reactor, distance between both electrodes of 2,5 - 4 cm, and the high voltage of 3-7,5 kV are optimal operating conditions. Combination of the pre-treatment (distance between electrodes 3,3 cm and high voltage 5,3 kV) and  the conventional catalytic cracking process by using weight ratio of catalyst to plastic 2:1 and reactor temperature 500oC and reaction time 1 hour could produce liquid fuel yield of 36,27%.
KONVERSI KULIT PISANG MENJADI GLUKOSAMENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ARANG AKTIF TERSULFONASI Riskatama Atmaji; Zulfikar Muriadiputra; Didi Dwi Anggoro
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

This research engages banana peel as the source of cellulose for hydrolysis into glucose using sulfonated activated carbon as catalyst. The aims of this research are to study the effect of hydrolysis temperature, hydrolysis times, and the weight of catalyst, to conclude the mathematical model plotted from the yield and the variables, and to conclude The optimum conditions for hydrolysis of banana peel cellulose into glucose which includes hydrolysis temperature, hydrolysis times, and the weight of catalyst.                This  research is designed into two steps, the sulfonation of the activated carbon and the hydrolysis of banana peel cellulose. H2SO4 10 N is used for the sulfonation which is done in 6 hours at 40oC. After the catalysts are dried and calcinated, the catalysts are ready for the hydrolysis precesses which are done in the autoclave batch reactor. After that, spectrophotometer is used to analyze the sample. The results was plotted on a mathematical model and then optimized using the software Statistica 6.0 by Response Surface Methodology method (RSM).                 The result obtained by a mathematical model for relationship activator combination temperature, time and weight of catalyst for content glucose Y = 3,035+0,18 x1 + 0,04 x1² + 0,089 x2 + 0,012 x2² +0,047x3 – 0,021 x3² – 0,014 x1x2 – 0,087 x1x3 + 0,022 x2x3. The optimum conditions of hydrolysis variable for glucose obtained by statistica 6.0 software which the graph fitted response surface and contour plot indicates the optimum hydrolysis temperature is in the range 112°C to 115°C, the optimum hydrolysis time is in the range 300 minutes to 500 minutes, and the optimum weight of catalyst is about 30 gr which the sample contains 3,6 mg/ml of glucose.
PENGARUH COATING ALGINATE-CHITOSAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MIKROBA PADA BUAH MELON KUPASAN Heru Cahyana; Marcelinus Christwardana; Nur Rokhati
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Lack of peeling fruit processing now cause the rapid spoilage the fruit. Therefore, most of the industry slows microbial growth by using a coating on the fruit. In this study making edible films made from alginate and chitosan. Edible film also applied to peeling melon and tested the microbial growth during 3 days. The result showed melon which coating with chitosan film is very good because this film can hold up during 2 days with growth of microbe to 21,6 x 105 CFU/gr.
ISOLASI DEKSTRIN DARI PATI SORGUM DENGAN PROSES HIDROLISA PARSIAL MENGGUNAKAN ENZIM α-AMILASE Hanafi Avika Zadha; Wahyu Raharjo
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Starch is widely used in food industry, Native usage cause some problems related to retrogradiation, syneresys, low stability, and low paste resistance due to pH and temperatures changing. That was the reason why starch modification is done by physical, chemical, and enzymatic treatment. This modification is intended to increase the added value of sorghum flour also fixing the properties and characteristic. The aim of this research are to investigate various variabeles which  influence in hydrolysis of dextrin. The isolation of dextrin include in three step, (1) preparation, (2) dextrinization (dextrin formation), and (3) product analysist. Dextrin formation consist of two phase, there are gelatinization and liquefaction phase which is done by mixing in certain time. Control variables in this research include: operation temperatures, string speed, CaCl2 need, and enzyme concentration. Independent variables such as Operation time (60;90;120 minutes), pH and Concentration starch (12; 15; 18; 21; 24 %w/v). Product are then analysed by calculating Dextrose Equivalent (DE), The Yield, Swelling power analysis and % solubility.
PROSES PENGERINGAN JAMUR LINGZHI (GANODERMA LUCIDIUM) MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA UDARA YANG DIDEHUMIDIFKASI OLEH ZEOLIT ALAM M. Ikhwan Shofarudin; Tri Nugroho; M. Djaeni
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Drying is process that establish the quality of Lingzhi mushrom and then it will influence the price of mushrom. Dryng process which did by farmer of lingshi mushrom use the light of sun which have some weakness, drying time reached 5 days, dependence on season, bigger space need to drying, and operational cost that reach 3 times more expensive in rainy season. The goals of this research are to dry lingzhi mushrom in tray dryer using natural zeolite to make drying process faster, to obtain the effect of operation condition to drying process, and to obtain the effect of operation condition to lingzhi mushrom quality. the condition operation in this research are air temperatures ( 40, 50, 60C), air velocity (6, 8, 10 m/s), and the use of natural zeolite. this research are done by drying lingzhi mushrom in tray dryer during 15 hours until the obtaine the certain moisture content. The result of this research are as follow: at air velocity 8 m/s Nc 400C = 0.0268, Nc 500C = 0.0295, Nc 600C = 0.0297. at temperature 600C obtained Nc at velocity 6 m/s, Nc = 0.0291, at velocity 8 m/s, Nc = 0.0297, and at velocity 10 m/s, Nc = 0.0315, whereas at air velocity 8 m/s with temperature 600C Non zeolite variable Nc = 0.0256, where using of zeolite, Nc = 0.0297. From these data, we can conclude that as the air temperature and air velocity increase, the drying rate will increase therefore drying process takes shorter time. Using of zeolite on drying process make it faster, The best quality of dry lingzhi mushrome with maximum moisture content 12-14% is obtained when using zeolite at air velocity 8 m/s, air temperature 600C also at air velocity 10 m/s at temperature 400C, 500C, and 600C.
KARAKTERISASI TEPUNG KONJAK DARI TANAMAN ILES-ILES (AMORPHOPHALLUS ONCOPHYLLUS) DI DAERAH GUNUNG KREO SEMARANG JAWA TENGAH Hafiz Akbar; Agus Supriyanto; Kristinah Haryani
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Indonesia has many kinds of plants iles-iles (Amorphophallus oncophyllus). In this study, using raw materials derived from the Goa Kreo, Semarang, Central Java, the area has two types of iles-iles, namely A. oncophyllus and A. variabillis. Plants iles-iles (konjac) contains a fairly high Glukomannan, glukomannan is a polysaccharide composed of units of D-glucose and D-mannose. In this study intended to determine the content of glucomannan plant iles-iles in Goa Kreo. By using gravimetric methods phenyl hydrazine, glucomannan levels were obtained at 30.56%. In this study also aims to determine the viscosity of konjac flour are affected by operating conditions such as the total concentration of konjac flour, stirring time, and pH (pH 2-8). With a higher sucrose concentration, viscosity konjac flour tends to decrease. For salt concentrations (0, 10; 20% w / v) no effect on the viscosity. Improved high viscosity can be observed mixture for konjac - rice flour, konjac - wheat flour and konjac - corn flour. For gel formation, the hydrocolloid which interacts synergistically with konjac flour to form a gel. Hydrocolloids are carrageenan. This gel texture varies according to the ratio of konjac flour - carrageenan.
PEMURNIAN BIOGAS DARI KANDUNGAN HIDROGEN SULFIDA (H2S) DENGAN NaOH, CuSO4, Fe2(SO4)3 DALAM PACKED COLUMN SECARA KONTINYU Kusuma Aditya; Pricilia Melisa; Agus Hadiyarto
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Biogas is potential for use as a fuel because of high methane content. However, the content of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the biogas is very harmful because it can cause corrosive to the equipment and can pollute the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to purify the Biogas first before being used as fuel either by absorption method. Much research is done to reduce the H2S content in biogas physically, one with the membrane. However, membrane costly and so difficult to apply high-tech into society. Purification of biogas H2S content of the chemical absorption method gives various advantages. The advantage is high efficiency, fast reaction rates, and effectively used for low gas flow rate at normal conditions. Absorber used in this study were NaOH, CuSO4, dan Fe2(SO4)3 .Absorbent solution flowed into the packed column absorber, in contact with biogas flowing in counter current. The results indicate that the third absorbent NaOH, CuSO4, and Fe2 (SO4)3 can absorb H2S. It is known that chemical absorption is affected by the fluid flow rate and the ratio L / G. From this study it was found that increasing the flow rate of absorbent causing the growing number of H2S is absorbed as well by increasing the ratio L / G is the amount of H2S is absorbed more and more as well. Although all three absorber can absorb H2S, NaOH is more reactive than CuSO4, and Fe2 (SO4) 2.

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