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INDONESIA
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro untuk mempublikasikan karya ilmiah - karya ilmiah mahasiswa Program S1 Teknik Kimia Undip.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 178 Documents
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PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL HASIL HIDROLISA BONGGOL PISANG DENGAN FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN SACCAROMYCESS CEREVICEAE Nurjati Solikhin; Arum Sakti Prasetyo; Luqman Buchori
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Ethanol (C2H5OH) is the liquid from the fermentation of sugars from carbohydrate sources using the help of microorganisms. Bioethanol can also be interpreted as a chemical that is produced from foodstuffs containing starch, such as cassava, sweet potato, corn, and sago.This study was conducted to obtain bioethanol from banana weevil in acid hydrolysis of microbial fermentation and using Saccaromyces cereviceae. In this study using a variable that is fixed for the hydrolysis temperature of 80°C and a concentration of 0.1 N HCl and for fermentation pH:5, temperature: 30°C (room temperature), by microbial Saccaromyces cereviceae. As for the variable change is the addition of starter (4%, 6%, 8% starter) and fermentation time (1 day, 2 day, 3 day,   4 days, 5 days). In this study obtained results that the addition of starter and long variables derived fermentation ethanol content is highest at 4% starter, fermentation 4 days ie 10.03% v / v, for starters 6%, 4 days of fermentation that is 11.19% v/v, and 8% for the starter, fermentation of 5 days ie 12.20% v / v. While the levels of total (ml ethanol / kg of banana weevil) is highest in the addition of starter 8% and 5 days is a long fermentation 912.9003 (ml ethanol / kg of banana weevil). In this fermentation using banana weevil substrate with a water content of 22.25% and glucose levels after hydrolyzed is 13.56%.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PERBANDINGAN JUMLAH NUTRIENT TERHADAP KUALITAS STARTER UNTUK PEMBUATAN WINE APEL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN NOPKOR MZ-11 Fadilla Dwi Ratmaningsih; Abraham Trisning Eka Putra; R.P.Djoko Murwono
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Production of apples that much at the momentcause a fallharvest of apples and can not all beabsorbed by the marketdue to poor quality. Because apple contains 86.5% water and has a lot of vitamins, then one of the best possible ways to overcome this problem is to reject the apple processing in to wine that has a high economic value. The main objective of this research is to create a starter that can fermentin to wine apple using turbo yeast NOPKORMZ-11. Therefore the need for breeding and a good starter preparationin order to process the apples in to wine. Breeding starter sprouts media fermented for 24 hours with the addition of variable fertilizer. From this study the addition of manureproduced by 1 permil produce biomass growth and optimal reduction % brix.
EKSTRAKSI DAN ANALISIS ZAT WARNA BIRU (Anthosianin) DARI BUNGA TELANG (Clitoria Ternatea) SEBAGAI PEWARNA ALAMI Ana Zussiva; Bertha Karina Lauren; C. Sri Budiyati
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Needs of dyes in the food processing industry is increasing. In Indonesia a potential source of color-producing pigments derived from natural sources like flowers is still not fully utilized because of the process are still traditional. Blue natural dyes is hard to derived. Telang flower (Clitoria ternatea) is one source of blue pigment or usually called as anthocyanins. Anthocyanin are the pigments of the flavonoid group of water-soluble, colored red to blue and is widespread in plants. Mainly found in fruits and flowers, but also found on the leaves.The purpose of this study was to study the effect of solute-solvent ratio, extraction time and extraction temperature on the absorbance value (wavelength) extract, knowing the operating conditions (ratio of solute-solvent, temperature and time) extraction of the dye produced, as well as studying the effect of pH and storage conditions on stability of the dye. The research was conducted through three steps; extraction of anthocyanins from flowers Telang, spectrophotometry test, and concentration with the membrane. This study uses a variable solute-solvent ratio of 15/500, 15/550, 15/600, 15/650 and extraction temperature 30,40,50,60, and 70 oC. Both of these data can be used to deduce the best extraction conditions. Besides the stability test data be obtained from measurements made with the absorbance value of storage at temperatures 30oC, and 10 ° C; storage at pH 2,3,4,5; storage exposed to light, and in a dark room.                           . Based on research conducted, optimal extraction process is done by comparison of flower and water telang 15:500, at a temperature of 60oC. The concentration of anthocyanin in the flower extract telang is 6.35 mg / L. Optimum storage conditions are in pH 2-4, temperature 10 ° C, and protected from light exposure. The use of solvents above 500 ml of solvent resulted in excess so it will not be able to dissolve more anthocyanin and the extraction condition above 70oC causes the degradation of anthocyanins, both of these things lead to lower absorbance values.
PENGERINGAN GABAH MENGGUNAKAN ZEOLIT 3A PADA ALAT UNGGUN TERFLUIDISASI Djoko Mulyono; Jefri Chandra Runanda; R Ratnawati; M. Djaeni
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Indonesia sebagai negara agraris memiliki tanah yang subur dan hasil pertanian yang melimpah, salah satu hasil pertanian tersebut adalah gabah. Produksi gabah di Indonesia termasuk tiga besar penghasil gabah dunia. Penanganan gabah di Indonesia sering kali terkendala dengan masalah pengeringan. Masih banyak di Indonesia para petani menggunakan cahaya matahari sebagai media pengering, tentu hal ini tidak selalu menguntungkan karena cuaca di Indonesia tidak selalu cerah dan pengeringan menggunakan cahaya matahari ini membutuhkan waktu yang lama, sehingga dibutuhkan proses pengeringan yang lebih efisien dari segi energi dan waktu pengeringan, maka dari itu digunakan pengeringan dengan menggunakan zeolit sintetis. Pada proses pengeringan ini lebih efisien karena proses perpindahan panas dan massa terjadi secara simultan di dalam unggun terfluidisasi. Bahan yang dikeringkan dikontakkan dengan gas panas sehingga dengan panas tersebut dapat menguapkan uap air yang terdapat pada bahan dan dengan ditambahakannya zeolit sehingga udara menjadi lebih kering yang dapat mempercepat proses pengeringan sehingga lebih efisien. Pada pengeringan ini digunakan beberapa variabel diantaranya suhu 30-60oC, flow rate udara 2-5 m/s dan perbandingan gabah dan zeolit 40, 60, 80 dan 100 % gabah dan variabel yang diamati adalah 5 gr gabah setiap 5 menit. Dari hasil percobaan diperoleh temperatur yang baik untuk proses pengeringan adalah pada suhu 60oC, untuk variabel flow rate yang paling baik adalah pada kecepatan udara sebesar 5 m/s dan untuk variabel perbandingan gabah dan zeolit yang paling baik adalah pada perbandingan gabah : zeolit sebesar 40 : 60.
POTENSI JUS JERUK NIPIS (CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA) SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGKELAT DALAM PROSES PEMURNIAN MINYAK NILAM (PATCHOULI OIL) DENGAN METODE KOMPLEKSOMETRI Arkie Septiana A.; Frans Arienata H.; Andri Cahyo Kumoro
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 2, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Lime Juice Potential as Chelating Agent in Patchouli Oil Purification Using Complexometry MethodPatchouli oil is one of the export commodities that have high economical value for Indonesia. In general, patchouli oil obtained from the hydrodistillation of patchouli leaves. Most industries are still using patchouli oil refiners made of ferrous metal. As this process takes place at high temperatures, water vapor will contain a lot of dissolved oxygen that is corrosive and causes iron to rust easily. The rust will dissolve in patchouli oil obtained and led to the resulting of dark oil and patchouli aroma becomes weaker. This situation led to a lower market price of patchouli oil. One method that can be used to purify is complexometry method with citric acid as the chelating agent. This certainly not familiar to farmers, therefore this study tried to simplify this process by finding a material that easily found by the common people. Orange juice contains citric acid which is enough to be used as a chelating agent, other than that lemon is a fruit that are easy to obtain in the community at abundant and the price is cheap. Therefore lemon juice was chosen as an alternative chelating material. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of operating temperature, concentration of the chelating agent and the stirring time in the chelating process and find out the extent to which lemon juice can be used as a chelating agent. The treatments tested consisted of (1) the concentrations of citric acid, which are 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4%; (2) Temperatures operation of the refinery. That are 30oC, 50 oC, and 75 oC, (3) agitation times, namely 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes. Assessment of the results of purification is based on clarity, levels of Fe2+, and the content of the main components in patchouli oil refining results. Purification results showed that the increase in temperature causes the formation of complex ions faster to achieve equilibrium. The increase in the concentration of the citric acid led to complex ion formation process more quickly to achieve phase equilibrium. The best concentration was 1% combined with the use of temperature of 75 oC. Refined patchouli oil results have Fe2+ levels as low as 22.731 ppm. Based on the physical traits, the main constituent component content, and the Fe2+ content, refined patchouli oil meets the requirements of the Indonesian National Standards.
PEMBUATAN UREA PELEPASAN TERKENDALI MELALUI PELAPISAN DENGAN AMILUM MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI FLUIDIZED BED SPRAY Khair Ivanky; Rizki Tri Wahyudi; S Suherman
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Indonesia is one of the largest consumer of nitrogen fertilizer. However, the use of fertilizers has been inefficient because 20-70% content of nitrogenin fertilizers quickly dissolvein water. Therefore, the necessary coating urea with polymer to improve the efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen absorbed so much more. One way to improve the efficiency of urea fertilizer is urea coated with the coating material known as Slow Release Fertilizer (SRF) which is a nitrogen-controlled components. Coating of urea has been widely studied by many researchers, such as urea to the polymer coating is carried out by Liu(2008). The polymers used inthis study is Poly vinyl Alcohol and starch which serves as an adhesive in a coating solution. The range of temperatures used ranged from 350C-500C, the concentration of starch are used10% -50% by weight of coating, and PEG as additives. The tools used are fludized bed as a medium spray to coat and dry urea. The results showed that the higher the operating temperature of the coating efficiency decreases, the dissolution rate decreases and the decrease dustiness. The higher the concentration of coating then the coating efficiency is increased, decreased dissolution rate and increasing dustiness. Microscopy analysis of morphology structure as coated urea particle by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) show there is obtained two layers.
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI JAMU DAN FARMASI MENGGUNAKAN ANAEROBIC BAFFLED REACTOR SECARA SHOCK LOADING DALAM UPAYA MENGHASILKAN BIOGAS Fachry Amin N; Afifah Darda N.I.; Indro Sumantri
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 3, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

PT. Sidomuncul is one of the factories that produce waste. Wastewatergenerated at 130m3 per day. Because of the big amount of wastewater produced, it is necessary to accommodate a short in time wastewater processing, that won’t required a large area and much time. Wastewater processing results of PT. Sidomuncul has a COD value of about 15000 mg /l. Wastes with high levels of COD is well treatedby anaerobically better than aerobic. Anaerobic wastewater treatment can be done if the value of minimal COD is 1500mg /l. This research will try to process the wastewater anaerobically by shockloading method using activated sludge. The purpose of this study was to determine the activated sludgestability when it is done with shock loading method and also the effect of COD level and biogas production as changed variables such rector design, HRT, activated sludge type, and activated sludge height. Observed responses are pH effluent, COD levels, and gas production. The results of this research are the process of anaerobic wastewater shock loading on herbal medicine and pharmaceutical industry could reduce COD levels ranged from 78.46% to 93.97% and produce biogas at it’s best using organic fertilizer sludge with 1/3 height of ABR.
RECOVERY GARAM LITHIUM PADA AIR TUA (BITTERN) DENGAN METODE PRESIPITASI Risa Devina Manao; Ronald Alfianto; S Sumarno
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Lithium, a silvery metal, is widely used in various industrial applications, such as the anode in rechargeable lithium ion batteries. The content of lithium in bittern has the potential to be recovered in the form of LiH(AlO2)2.5H2O by precipitation method. The purposes of this study were to recover the lithium from bittern by precipitation method and determined the influence of precipitating agent concentration, pH, and reaction time on the percentage of the lithium recovery. The study was conducted with variation of the concentration of precipitating solution NaAlO2 250, 500, 750, mg/L Al3+, pH 11, 12, 13, and the reaction time of 1, 2, 3 hours. The response was the percent recovery of lithium in the bittern. The study was performed by mixing 250 ml of bittern and precipitating agent NaAlO2 according to variables in a stirred reactor. The pH solution was adjusted by the addition of NaOH and the solution was stirred for a predetermined time. The precipitate that formed was filtered, washed with distilled water and dissolved with HF 0.25 N. Lithium content in the solution was determined by the gravimetric method. The result showed that concentration of NaAlO2 as precipitating agent, pH, and reaction time gave significant influence on the percentage of the recovery lithium in bittern. The optimum conditions were obtained in the concentration of precipitating NaAlO2 500 mg/L Al3+, pH 13, and a reaction time of 3 hours, which produced 0.11 g of ion Li+ and 96.875% lithium recovery.
PENGHILANGAN WARNA COKLAT LARUTAN GULA STEVIA MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF Ibrahim Ghazi; Bayu Wicaksono; Abdullah Abdullah
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 2, Nomor 4, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

At this time there is many prospecting ofalternative natural sweetener that has a high level of sweetness, low in calories and not carcinogenic. One of those is the natural sweetener stevia from the leaves of the stevia plant. One of the method to get the sweetener is byextracting the stevia leaf. However, after the process of extraction the solution turns brown due to tannins that contained in the stevia leaf. Oneof the processto eliminate tanninfrom the solution is by using activated carbon to absorb tannins. Materials used in this research is dried stevia leaves, water, activated carbon, and citric acid. Then equipments used is beaker glass, pipette, measuring glass, magnetic stirrer, heater, pH meter, filter paper, scale, and spectrophotometer. Extraction process used 65oC of temperature, 300 rpm of stirring speed for 10 minutes. Adsorption processdid at room temperature within 24 hours. After adsorption process each sample will be analyze with spectrophotometer using 725 nm of wavelength to get the amount of tannin contained. The result of this research is the higher pH operation that used the smaller tannin that contained. Then the lower temperature that used to heated the adsorbent the smaller tannin that contained. The optimum conditiom for tannin adsorption based on this research is using 200 oC of temperature to heated the adsorbent and using 6 of pH operation.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN BIOCHAR LIMBAH PERTANIAN DAN PESTISIDA PADA INKUBASI TANAH INCEPTISOL UNTUK MENEKAN EMISI GAS METANA (CH4) SEBAGAI GAS RUMAH KACA Winda Prihantarawati Cahayaningtyas; Indro Sumantri
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro,

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Abstract

Methane (CH4) is one of the gases that cause global warming, which ranks second only to carbon dioxide (CO2).Naturally, peat lands, wetlands, and sediments in coastal areas are major source of methane gas in the atmosphere (Hardy, 2003). The use of biochar as a companion or replacement for pesticides in agricultural system can increase crop productivity and reduce the emission of methane (CH4) significantly. The research method used is an incubation inceptisol soil. Variables that were varied were the addition of agricultural waste biochar (without biochar, rice husks biochar and corn cobs biochar) and the addition of several types of pesticides like organophosphate insecticides, carbamate insecticides, pyrethroid insecticides, paraquat herbicides and bio-insecticides. The analysis of methane emissions by Gas Chromatography (GC), analysis of degree acidity (pH) using pH-meter and analysis of the number of bacteria at the end of the incubation period using Standard Plate Count (SPC). In the analysis of total methane emissions, the addition of rice husk biochar and without the addition of pesticides (P0B1) to the treatment, produced the largest emissions of methane (CH4) to 4.494 mg CH4/g soil (increase 348.7% ), and the treatment given to the addition of pyrethroid insecticides and rice husk biochar (P3B1) produced the lowest emissions at 0.011 mg CH4/g soil (reduce 98.9%). This incubation process takes place in the pH range 5.2 to 6.7. The population of bacteria in the end incubation, P3B2 treatment (addition of pyrethroid pesticides and biochar corn cobs) has largest population of bacteria which is equal to 4.2 x 108 the bacteria/mL, whereas the P2B1 treatment (addition of carbamate pesticides and rice husk biochar) has lowest population of bacteria about 3.5 x 106 bacteria / mL.

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