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Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Published by Global Health Science Group
ISSN : 27149749     EISSN : 27151972     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr
Core Subject :
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research is a open access, peer reviewed and refereed international journal. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research aim to publish original research paper devoted to various area of all health sciences. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research provides a forum for sharing timely and up-to-date publication of scientific research, health care and promoting the development of nursing, public health, community, environmental and occupational health. The journal publishes original research papers of health sciences. High priority will be given to articles on public, nursing, adolescent, community, environmental and occupational health, pharmaceutical technology, social pharmacy, traditional medicine, pharmacology, and so on.
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Articles 868 Documents
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Religious Factors (Spirituality and Religiosity) as Important Aspects in Improving the Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Literature Review Amelia Permata Pratama; Johan Budhiana; Abdul Rahman La Ede
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.1651

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable and degenerative disease that causes an increase in mortality rates worldwide. This chronic disease continues to experience a rise in the count of individuals affected, making it one of the current global health problems. This study aims to identify the function of religion (spirituality and religiosity) as an important factor in improving the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The search strategy used was Google Scholar and PubMed, covering the period from 2018 to 2025. The keywords used were Spirituality, Religiosity, Quality of Life, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) was then conducted. From a total of 17,810 articles that were identified, there were 15 articles that met the inclusion criteria linking spirituality and religiosity with quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus. Religious factors, namely spirituality and religiosity, significantly affect the quality of life of people with diabetes mellitus.
The Correlation between Blood Lead (Pb) Levels and Total Leukocyte Count among Silver Man Individuals Fauziah Rahmah; Kurnia Ritma Dhanti; Retno Sulistiyowati; Dina Ratna Juwita
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.1674

Abstract

Lead (Pb) exposure remains an environmental health problem that affects groups with direct exposure, including silver man individuals who coat their bodies with paint. Lead is still found in various paint products due to its use as a pigment and additive, making it a potential major source of environmental lead exposure. Lead is known to affect the immune system through inflammatory mechanisms and oxidative stress, which may result in alterations in total leukocyte count. This study aimed to determine the association between blood lead (Pb) levels and total leukocyte count among silver man individuals. This study employed an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach involving 18 silver man individuals who were recruited using an accidental sampling technique among individuals who met the inclusion criteria. Blood Pb levels were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), while total leukocyte counts were analyzed using a hematology analyzer. The relationship between blood Pb levels and total leukocyte count was assessed using Pearsons correlation test. The results showed that all subjects had elevated blood Pb levels. Statistical analysis indicated no significant association between blood Pb levels and total leukocyte count, with a p-value of 0.420 (p 0.05) and a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.202, indicating a positive but very weak correlation. There was no significant association between blood lead (Pb) levels and total leukocyte count among silver man individuals. These findings highlight the importance of vigilance regarding lead exposure and the need for regular health monitoring among at-risk populations.  
Factors Related to the Quality of Life of Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Rosliana Dewi; Rifda Adzkia Maulamni Ashfiya; Leviana Suci Novianti; Zulfah Roudhatul Zanah; Rifa Muhaimin; Johan Budhiana
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 5 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i5.1679

Abstract

Type II diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with an increasing prevalence that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Behavioral and psychosocial factors are thought to play a role in determining quality of life. The objective of this study was to identify the factors that influence the quality of life of patients with type II diabetes mellitus. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on 147 patients at a community health center in Sukabumi City using proportional random sampling. The instruments used included the HDFSS, DMSES, DQOL, SDSCA, and PDAQ, which have been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis used the chi-square test and binary logistic regression. The results showed significant simultaneous relationship between self-care (p = 0.027; OR = 17.77), family support (p = 0.036; OR = 15.89), diet adherence (p = 0.004; OR = 65.11), and self-efficacy (p = 0.047; OR = 15.61) with quality of life, with dietary adherence being the most dominant factor. It was concluded that self-care, family support, dietary adherence, and self-efficacy play a significant role in the quality of life of type II diabetes mellitus patients, with dietary adherence being the main determinant.
Risk Factors for Prediabetes in Productive Age: Analysis of NCD Screening Data Akhmad Irawan; Irfansyah Baharudin Pakki; Yadi Yadi; Ratno Adrianto; Rahmat Bakhtiar; Akhmad Azmiardi
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.1708

Abstract

One way to prevent diabetes mellitus is by preventing prediabetes, or glucose intolerance. Prediabetes is a reversible condition, while diabetes is irreversible. Prediabetes offers a valuable opportunity to prevent or delay the progression to diabetes. Nearly 4-9% of people with prediabetes will develop diabetes each year. Within 3-5 years, prediabetes will develop into type 2 diabetes mellitus in around 25% of patients and as many as 70% of patients are predicted to experience diabetes mellitus throughout their lives. If current trends continue, efforts must be made to stem the wave of new cases that are likely to emerge in the future. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the most effective indicators for predicting the development of prediabetes and to identify people at higher risk of developing prediabetes.Various studies have shown a causal relationship between prediabetes and cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for prediabetes in the productive age group (aged 15-64) in Balikpapan City. This research design uses a cross-sectional design, utilizing secondary data, namely the results of 2024 Non Communicable Disease screenings in Balikpapan City, Data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered directly to respondents and supported by secondary data from medical records. Sampling in this study used purposive sampling technique. The formula used to determine the sample size is the Lemeshow formula. A total of 290 subjects ( 94 males, 196 females, productive age; 15 – 64 years old) whom have prediabetes screening. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted using logistic regression. The data comes from medical records containing the variables age, gender, and prediabetes risk factors. Out of 290 subjects, results of analysis showed that age (p = 0.006; OR = 0.404), gender (p = 0.039; OR = 2.237), and physical activity (p = 0.046; OR = 2.148) were significantly associated with prediabetes. Based on the Odds Ratio (OR), specific gender groups were 2.2 times more likely to experience prediabetes compared to the reference group. Demographic factors and physical activity significantly influence prediabetes risk.    
Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Garlic and Coffee in Developing A Natural Mosquito Repellent Spray: A Comprehensive Review Talitha Azaria Nuha; Nabilah Almirah Putri; Metig Dwi Wahyuni; Robi Mardiana
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.1719

Abstract

Mosquito-borne diseases remain a significant global public health concern. While chemical repellents are effective, they pose environmental and health risks, creating a demand for safer, natural alternatives suitable for school environments. This systematic literature review compares the effectiveness of garlic (Allium sativum) and coffee (Coffea sp.) as natural mosquito control agents, focusing on their repellent, larvicidal, and ovicidal properties. The review methods involved systematically searching PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science for peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025. Search terms included combinations of garlic, Allium sativum, coffee, Coffea, mosquito, repellent, larvicidal, and species-specific terms. Two independent reviewers screened the articles and extracted the data. Study quality was assessed using criteria for observational studies. Based on the records identified, 12 studies literature article met the inclusion criteria after full-text review. Garlic extracts (25–100 mg/100 mL) demonstrated rapid mosquito mortality (50–96.67% within 24 hours) and strong adult repellency due to organosulfur compounds, particularly allicin. Coffee extracts showed moderate larvicidal effects (LC₅₀: 200–400 ppm) and ovicidal properties, with slower action but broader life-stage targeting. Quality assessment revealed moderate-to-high study quality, with some methodological limitations. Current evidence suggests that garlic provides stronger immediate repellent effects, while coffee offers more sustained larvicidal control. However, the small number of head-to-head comparison studies limits definitive conclusions. Combined formulations warrant further investigation. Both ingredients show promise as components of school-based, environmentally friendly mosquito control programs.
The Relationship between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio with the Severity of Acute Coronary Syndrome Nur Isti Hasanah; Jelita Siregar; Anggia Chairuddin Lubis
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.1721

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases pose a major health problem, representing a significant threat to the global population due to their high mortality rates. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular diseases were the leading cause of death worldwide in 2021. This condition is caused by the accumulation of fatty deposits in the arteries, known as atherosclerosis, which obstructs blood flow and increases the risk of heart attacks. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the severity of acute coronary syndrome at Adam Malik General Hospital. This study was an analytical study with a retrospective design, utilizing secondary data obtained from patients’ medical records over a specific period. Patient data were collected from January 2023 to December 2024 from patients hospitalized at Adam Malik Hospital. Sampling was conducted using a total sampling technique, including all 208 patients who met the inclusion criteria during the study period. The collected data were then analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test to assess the normality of data distribution. Among 208 patients, 76% were male, with a mean age of 62.2 years (range: 36–81). Most patients had low SYNTAX II scores (74%). The mean NLR and PLR values were 3.58 and 134.35, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between NLR and SYNTAX II score (r = 0.284; p < 0.001) and between PLR and SYNTAX II score (r = 0.143; p = 0.039). This study demonstrated a significant positive correlation between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the severity of acute coronary syndrome based on the SYNTAX II score. NLR showed a stronger correlation than PLR, highlighting its superior potential as an inflammatory biomarker for assessing disease severity in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
The Correlation between Perceived Social Support and Stress Levels among First-Year University Students Ghozali Ghozali; Eriano Noor Ramadhan; Budi Irwansyah; Rusni Masnina
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.1735

Abstract

Students often experience various challenges related to their studies at university. These challenges can disrupt their health, particularly psychological issues such as stress. Excessive or prolonged psychological stress may interfere with learning success. This study aims to determine the relationship between perceived social support and stress levels among first-year students at the Muhammadiyah University of East Kalimantan (UMKT), Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional method. The population of this study was 3253 first-year students of Muhammadiyah University of East Kalimantan, then the sample used in this study was 401 respondents who were selected using stratified random sampling technique. The measuring instrument in this study used the MSPSS (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support) questionnaire and the DASS-42 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale) questionnaire with an ordinal scale distributed via Google Form. Prior to use, both questionnaires were tested for reliability, resulting in a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.895 (>0.6) for the MSPSS questionnaire and 0.825 (>0.6) for the DASS questionnaire. Both questionnaires were assessed as valid questionnaires because they have been widely used at the international level. The data of this study were analyzed using frequency distribution analysis techniques and the Spearman Rank method. Based on the statistical analysis, perceived social support did not have a statistically significant relationship with stress levels among students (p = 0.536, > 0.05). Most of the respondents in this study were dominated by female (67.3%) rather than male students (32.7%), then the age of the respondents was mostly late teenagers (99%) with the age range between 17 to 25 years. Furthermore, respondents experienced high perceived social support (52.4%). Then, majority of respondents experienced normal stress levels (41.6%). Social support can be obtained from family, friends, and other special people. From a public health perspective, the importance of the relationship between social support and stress can be demonstrated using the principle of five levels of prevention to prevent the negative impacts caused by excessive stress.
Comparable Effects of Ticagrelor and Clopidogrel Based on Platelet Aggregation Test in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Putri Annisa Melia Sari; Adi Koesoema Aman; Muhammad Yolandi Sumadio
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.1743

Abstract

Ticagrelor and clopidogrel are P2Y₁₂ receptor inhibitors commonly administered as part of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Although ticagrelor demonstrates a more rapid onset of action and stronger platelet inhibition than clopidogrel in pharmacodynamic studies, its superiority in routine clinical practice remains debated. This study aimed to compare the effects of ticagrelor and clopidogrel on platelet aggregation in ACS patients undergoing PCI. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted involving 33 ACS patients who were consecutively recruited from patients undergoing PCI and receiving either ticagrelor or clopidogrel. Platelet aggregation was evaluated using light transmission aggregometry with adenosine diphosphate (ADP) as the agonist at concentrations of 1, 2, 5, and 10 µM. Differences in platelet aggregation between treatment groups were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. No statistically significant differences in platelet aggregation were observed between the ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups at all ADP concentrations tested (all p > 0.05). These findings suggest comparable platelet inhibitory effects between both P2Y₁₂ inhibitors in ACS patients undergoing PCI. Ticagrelor and clopidogrel demonstrated similar platelet aggregation profiles, indicating comparable platelet reactivity under both treatment regimens in ACS patients undergoing PCI in real-world clinical settings.
Effectiveness Music Therapy in Reducing Pain and Anxiety in Preschool Children in the Emergency Room: Literature Review Cindy Ratna Ardella; Ekan Faozi
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.1753

Abstract

The Emergency Department (ED) is a healthcare setting with a high risk of causing pain and anxiety in pediatric patients due to invasive procedures and emergency situations. If these conditions are not properly managed, they can negatively impact the care experience and increase the risk of psychological trauma. Music toy therapy, as a non-pharmacological intervention based on active distraction, has the potential to reduce pain and anxiety in children in the ED. This literature review aims to analyze the latest scientific evidence regarding the effectiveness of music toy therapy in pediatric patients in the ED. The method used was a traditional literature review with article searches conducted via Google Scholar and PubMed for the years 2021–2025. The literature search yielded 273 articles from Google Scholar and 21 articles from PubMed. Article selection was conducted using the PRISMA flowchart, resulting in five articles that met the inclusion criteria. The keywords used for searching Indonesian journal articles included “Music Toy Therapy,” “Pain,” “Child Anxiety,” and “Emergency Department”. The review findings indicate that music toy therapy has a positive effect on reducing pain and anxiety in children, particularly among preschoolers and early school-age children. Music toy therapy is a safe, easy-to-implement, and potentially effective intervention for improving the quality of pediatric nursing care in the emergency department through a holistic approach that involves families and the active role of nurses.
The Effect of Coloring Play Therapy on Anxiety Levels in Children During Hospitalization Aisyah Nurul Fadhillah; Irdawati Irdawati
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 4 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i4.1754

Abstract

Hospitalization can be an anxiety-inducing experience for preschoolers due to the unfamiliar environment and frightening medical procedures. One intervention that can help reduce anxiety is coloring. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of coloring play therapy on children's anxiety levels during hospitalization. The method used is a case study, with a pediatric nursing care approach, applying Evidence-Based Nursing. The research subjects were taken using a purposive sampling method and the results obtained were five preschool-aged children (4-6 years old) who were treated in the Anggrek Ward of Dr. Soeratno Gemolong Sragen Hospital, from June 14-20, 2025. Anxiety levels were measured using the Faces Anxiety Scale (FAS) with a score range of 0-4 through observations and interviews with parents before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis with results showing that before the intervention, children experienced anxiety with FAS scores between 1-3, characterized by crying, fussiness, and fear of medical procedures. After coloring therapy, anxiety levels decreased in all subjects, with FAS scores dropping to 0-1. Children appeared calmer and more cooperative during the intervention. The study concluded that coloring play therapy was effective in reducing anxiety levels in preschool-aged children during hospitalization.

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