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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Inhibitory activity of crude bacteriocin produced by lactic acid bacteria isolated from dadih against Listeria monocytogenes Usman Pato; YUSMARINI YUSUF; SHANTI FITRIANI; NIA NAIDYA JONNADI; MIMI SRI WAHYUNI; JESKA ARYANINGSIH FERUNI; IRWANDI JASWIR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210404

Abstract

The use of natural preservatives called bacteriocin derived from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is one way of preventing food from being contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms such as L. monocytogenes (LM). The aims of this study were to evaluate the ability of LAB isolated from dadih to inhibit the growth of LM and to obtain the antimicrobial components that play a role in inhibiting the growth of LM. The antimicrobial activity of the supernatant obtained from 12 strains of dadih LAB was determined using the paper disk diffusion method. The results showed that the supernatant from the 12 LAB strains was able to inhibit the growth of LM with various inhibition zones. However, out of the 12 LABs, only 9 strains were found to have an inhibition zone of more than 3.5 mm.  The antimicrobial compounds of 9 strains were tested and it was found that the antimicrobial compounds of strains R-8, R-14 and R-49 were derived from lactic acid. In addition, 6 strains namely R-43, R-32, R-19, R-55, R-45 and R-41 were derived from bacteriocin based on their sensitivity to pH, heat and enzyme treatments. Crude bacteriocin derived from 6 LAB strains inhibited the growth of LM, and the highest antimicrobial activity was obtained in Streptococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens R-55 with an average inhibition zone of 13.87 mm. Bacteriocin produced by strain R-55 can be used as natural preservatives for the prevention of food-borne disease caused by LM.
Influence of furrow with organic material and Chromolaena odorata compost on upland rice productivity in an agroforestry system with Melaleuca cajuputi PRIYONO SURYANTO; BUDIASTUTI KURNIASIH; ENY FARIDAH; HANDOJO HADI NURJANTO; ROHLAN ROGOMULYO; SUCI HANDAYANI; DODY KASTONO; ANDI SYAHID MUTTAQIEN; Taufan Alam
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210246

Abstract

Abstract. Suryanto P, Kurniasih B, Faridah E, Nurjanto HH, Rogomulyo R, Handayani S, Kastono D, Muttaqien AS, Alam T. 2020. Influence of furrow with organic material and Chromolaena odorata compost on upland rice productivity in an agroforestry system with Melaleuca cajuputi. Biodiversitas 21: 780-791. The main problems of rainfed areas for upland rice cultivation in agroforestry system with Melaleuca cajuputi (kayu putih) were limited to soil moisture availability and low fertility of the soil. The experiment was conducted from March to August 2018 in Menggoran Forest Resort, Playen Forest Section, Yogyakarta Forest Management District, Indonesia. The experiment was arranged in strip plot design with three blocks as replications. The vertical plots were rainwater harvesting technique (RHT) consist of without furrow (WF) and furrow with organic material (FWOM). The horizontal plot was Chromolaena odorata (siam weed) compost (SWC) applications consist of 0, 5, 10, and 15 tons ha-1. The data analyzed by ANCOVA, ANOVA, SEM, and stepwise regression. The results of the study informed that the FWOM with SWC of 10 tons ha-1 showed the highest yield of upland rice per hectare was 2.97 tons ha-1 and yields increased by 91.75% compared to the WF without SWC. The environmental variables that significantly affected the yield of upland rice were WUE and Tsoil. The growth variables that significantly affected the yield of upland rice were SDW, RSA, and RDW. The yield component that had a very significant affected on the yield of upland rice was NP.
Start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism reveals genetic diversity of Manilkara in Thailand Ongkarn Vanijajiva
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210232

Abstract

Abstract. Vanijajiva O. 2020. Start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism reveals genetic diversity of Manilkara in Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 666-673. Manilkara consists of four species, namely, Manilkara hexandra, M. kauki, M. littoralis, and M. zapota in Thailand. Particularly, M. zapota (sapodilla), commonly known as Lamut in Thailand, is one of commercially notable edible fruits continues to be a highly valued tree and the fruits are a source of food and income. The objective of this research was to determine the diversity and relationship of Manilkara accessions derived from districts in Thailand based on DNA profiles. Genetic diversity and relationship of all accessions were investigated using Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) marker analysis. Of 30 SCoT primers screened, 27 SCoT primers were identified to be polymorphism. A total of 176 DNA bands with size varied from 120 bp to 1200 bp were amplified, and 101 (57.38%) of them were polymorphic. Based on similarity coefficients, total of 36 accessions were clustered into two groups. The cluster of polymorphism generated by SCoT was associated with their locality and morphological characters. Therefore, the present data provide high-valued information for the management of germplasm, genetic improvement, and conservation of the genetic resources of Manilkara accessions.
Comparing morphological traits of legs of understory birds inhabiting forest areas with closed canopies and forest gaps Supalak Siri; Yuwadee Ponpituk; Mongkol Safoowong; Wimonmart Nuipakdee; Dokrak Marod; Prateep Duengkae
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210326

Abstract

Abstract. Siri S, Ponpituk Y, Safoowong M, Nuipakdee W, Marod D, Duangkae P. 2020. Comparing morphological traits of legs of understory birds inhabiting forest areas with closed canopies and forest gaps. Biodiversitas 21: 1041-1048. Bird species exhibit different adaptations depending on their habitats. The morphological traits of each species represent adaptations that are impacted by environmental changes. We conducted a 3-year study from 2015 to 2017 to compare the leg morphology of understory birds that occur under closed canopies and in forest gaps in a hill evergreen forest in northern Thailand, with gaps in the natural forest representing forest disturbances. We captured 64 bird species over the study period and measured 11 leg morphological features for each individual. Ground-foraging birds were generally long-legged and climbing birds generally short-legged. Understory species living in dense forest areas were significantly associated with long claws, toes, and tibiae, whereas species occurring in gaps and open areas tended to have shorter leg structures. Results from classification tree analysis revealed that digit claw length is the most important trait for predicting which habitat a species is most likely to occupy. Our findings suggest that understory birds with long leg structures that live under closed canopies are most vulnerable to forest disturbances or the conversion of forests to large-scale open areas.
Molecular identification and population genetic study of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Indonesia, Malaysia and Cameroon based on mitochondrial gene Van Basten Tambunan; Ardha Apriyanto; Walter Ajambang; Culbertson Enow Etta; Bandung Sahari; Damayanti Buchori; Purnama Hidayat
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210749

Abstract

Abstract. Tambunan VB, Apriyanto A, Ajambang W, Etta CE, Sahari B, Buchori D, Hidayat P. 2020. Molecular identification and population genetic study of Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Indonesia, Malaysia and Cameroon based on mitochondrial gene. Biodiversitas 21: 3263-3270. Oil palm pollinating weevil Elaeidobius kamerunicus is a very important insect pollinator in oil palm plantation. However, there is still lack of information about molecular identification and population genetic study in this species. The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of oil palm pollinating weevil identification using mitochondrial DNA of COI gene and to assess its genetic variation between different locations and countries. We sequenced the DNA barcode of 36 individuals of this species using the mtDNA Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene to explore their genetic variation, identity and phylogenetic relationship. The COI gene sequences generated from this study were successful in identifying E. kamerunicus. Phylogenetic analysis also revealed 3 well-supported monophyletic haplogroups of E. kamerunicus population. In addition, genetic differentiation analysis revealed that most populations from Indonesia were different from Malaysian and Cameroonian populations indicating that there was a genetic variation between the population samples from these countries. The overall E. kamerunicus used in this study were geographically structured in two regions; outside Indonesia region (Cameroon and Malaysia) and Indonesia region. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using COI gene sequence for molecular identification and population genetic study of E. kamerunicus species.
Avian diversity in geothermal power plant areas: Case studies in Kamojang, Darajat, and Gunung Salak, West Java, Indonesia TEGUH HUSODO; KHEMAL PASHA MOCHTAN; Sya Sya Shanida; SYAHRAS FATHIN AMINUDDIN; INDRI WULANDARI; IRWANANDA SATRIA PUTRA; ERRI NOVIAR MEGANTARA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210327

Abstract

Abstract. Husodo T, Mochtan KP, Shanida SS, Aminuddin SF, Wulandari I, Putra IS, Megantara EN. 2020. Avian diversity in geothermal power plant areas: Case studies in Kamojang, Darajat, and Gunung Salak, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1049-1059. Land cover changes that occur in the development of industrial areas have impact on the quality of biophysical and socio-economic environments. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of birds (avifauna) in three geothermal power plant areas in West Jawa Province, Indonesia (i.e., Kamojang, Darajat, and Gunung Salak). Transect and spotlighting methods were conducted in this study. We found that areas around geothermal power plant in Gunung Salak had the highest diversity of bird species with 105 species from 43 families, followed by Kamojang with 82 species from 34 families, and Darajat with 80 species from 40 families. In total, there were 134 species from 51 families in which two species are Endangered (EN) under the IUCN Red List category, five are endemic to Java, 11 are protected by CITES Appendix II and 14 are protected by national regulations. The presence of some birds was an indicator of ecosystem condition and functioning, including indicator of food chain, quality of water, quality of natural habitat, condition of riparian habitat, and the condition of open or disturbed habitat. Some birds were also associated with particular habitats, such as natural forests, riparians, a combination of natural forests and open habitats, tea plantations, and craters. The results of this study can be used as baseline information about the state of the surrounding environment in the three geothermal power plant areas and as a reference in biodiversity management in the future.
The potency of endophytic bacteria isolated from Ficus septica as phytoremediation promoting agent of Cr (VI) contaminated soil Nita Shilfiani Rohmah Nita Shilfiani Rohmah; SUHARJONO; YOGA DWI JATMIKO; DIAN SISWANTO; IRFAN MUSTAFA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210519

Abstract

Abstract. Rohmah NS, Suharjono, Jatmiko YD, Siswanto D, Mustafa I. 2020. The potency of endophytic bacteria isolated from Ficus septica as phytoremediation promoting agent of Cr (VI) contaminated soil. Biodiversitas 21: 1920-1927. Endophytic bacteria tolerant of chromium have the potential to reduce Cr (VI) to Cr (III) and produce compounds that can improve plant survival in Cr (VI) contaminated soils. This study was performed to isolate and identify Cr (VI)-tolerant bacteria from the endosphere of Ficus septica Burm.F growing on the tannery waste contaminated soil, Screening of bacteria was carried out based on the level of Cr (VI) tolerance. High tolerant isolates were tested for their potential of Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, phosphate solubilizing, and the presence of chromate reductase (ChR) genes. The most potential bacterial isolate was identified based on 16S rDNA sequences. The results showed that three isolates (E3, E4, and E8) were tolerant of Cr (VI) up to 900 mg/L. E8 isolates produced the highest IAA production (20.05 ?g/mL), phosphate solubilization (127.78 ?g/mL), and EPS production (9,70 ?g/mL), and all isolates had the ChR gene. E8 isolate was found to be 100% identical to Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 13047.
Short Communication: The herpetofauna around human settlements in Lubuklinggau City, South Sumatra, Indonesia: Composition and diversity Dian Samitra; Zico Fakhrur Rozi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210422

Abstract

Abstract. Samitra D, Rozi ZF. 2020. The herpetofauna around human settlements in Lubuklinggau City, South Sumatra, Indonesia: Composition and diversity. Biodiversitas 21: 1432-1437. Herpetofauna research has been conducted mostly in conservation forest areas, so little is known about herpetofauna outside the conservation areas, such as those around the human settlements. The data of herpetofauna near human settlements are important in carrying out conservation actions. This study aimed to determine the diversity of herpetofauna around human settlements in the city of Lubuklinggau. The study was conducted from February to August 2019. Herpetofauna samples were taken in three habitats around settlements, i.e., plantation, rice field, and river. Sampling was done with the method of visual encounter survey and time-constrained search. The data were analyzed using ecological indexes, i.e., relative abundance, and indexes of diversity, evenness, similarity, and dominance. The results showed that 378 individuals of herpetofauna were found, belonging to 27 species (12 amphibians and 15 reptiles). Eighteen species were found in the plantation (7 amphibians and 11 reptiles), 15 species in the river (10 amphibians and 5 reptiles), and 14 species in the rice field (6 amphibians and 8 reptiles). Similarity index analysis showed that the rice field had quite different species from other habitats. The herpetofauna diversity around settlements was categorized as medium.
Temporal overlap of carnivorous mammal community and their prey in Khao Ang Rue Nai Wildlife Sanctuary, Chachoengsao Province, Thailand Ronglarp Sukmasuang; Khwanrutai Charaspet; JITTIMA REONTIK; MANANYA Pla-ard
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210310

Abstract

Abstract. Sukmasuang R, Charaspet K, Reontik J, Pla-ard M. 2020. Temporal overlap of carnivorous mammal community and their prey in Khao Ang Rue Nai Wildlife sanctuary, Chachoengsao Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 922-932. This study on the temporal overlap of the carnivorous community and their prey in Khao Ang Rue Nai Wildlife Sanctuary was conducted from March 2017 to February 2018. Camera traps were deployed systematically with a total of 4,463 trap nights. Fourteen carnivorous mammals were recorded, which were mainly present at night, with the exception of the dhole, small Indian mongoose, crab-eating mongoose, and yellow-throated marten. The clouded leopard's presence overlapped between day and night. Using the average coefficient overlap(?) between a carnivore, and the other carnivorous species, the leopard cat was found to have the highest ? value, followed by the hog badger, Asiatic jackal, small Indian civet, Asian palm civet, large Indian civet, large spotted civet, Asiatic black bear, dhole, Malayan sun bear, yellow-throated marten, small Indian mongoose, crab-eating mongoose, and clouded leopard. The potential prey species that had the highest ?with the carnivorous species, was the Siamese hare. This study shows the importance of preserving the carnivorous community within the area. An important threat is a likelihood that carnivorous species in the area may be exposed to external diseases from infected domestic animals when coming out to hunt in the communities surrounding the protected area.
Identification of active compounds and antioxidant activity of teak (Tectona grandis) leaves Venty Suryanti; TRIANA KUSUMANINGSIH; SOERYA DEWI MARLIYANA; HILDA ALFIANI SETYONO; ELYNA WAHYU TRISNAWATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210313

Abstract

Abstract. Suryanti V, Kusumaningsih T, Marliyana SD, Setyono HA, Trisnawati EW. 2020. Identification of active compounds and antioxidant activity of teak (Tectona grandis) leaves. Biodiversitas 21: 941-947. Teak (Tectona grandis) grows in tropical area and the teak wood is widely used for building construction and furniture. Young teak leaf contains red pigment and often are used for natural food coloring. The research objectives were to isolate the young teak leaf chemical compounds and to investigate their antioxidant activities. The compounds identification was carried out by UV-Vis Spectroscopy, GC-MS and LC-MS. The antioxidant activity determination was carried out by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) method. The total phenolics content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method and total anthocyanins content was examined using the H-differential method. Two fractions were observed further by UV-Vis Spectroscopy, GC-MS and LC-MS. The UV-Vis spectrum of FA confirmed the presence of anthocyanins which has maximum absorbance at 208 and 492 nm. The GC-MS spectrum of fraction A (FA) revealed 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, glycerin monoacetate, glycerin diacetate and 1-eicosanol. The UV-Vis spectrum of FC also confirms the presence of anthocyanins which has maximum absorbance at 489 nm. The LC-MS spectrum of fraction C (FC) shows anthocyanins, namely malvidin-3-o- (6-o-acetyl)-5-o-diglucoside. The FA and FC teak leaf fractions have strong antioxidant activities as their IC50 values are less than 50 ppm. Total phenolic of teak leaf extract was 6.17 mg GAE/g and total anthocyanins of teak leaf extract were 67.5 mg/L.

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