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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Articles 6,269 Documents
Short Communication: Identification and phylogenetic analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates from Jakarta, Indonesia based on partial rpoB gene Andi Yasmon; YEVA ROSANA; DONI USMAN; LUH INTA PRILANDARI; TEGUH SARRY HARTONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210726

Abstract

Abstract. Yasmon A, Rosana Y, Usman D, Prilandari LI, Hartono TS. 2020. Short Communication: Identification and phylogenetic analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates from Jakarta, Indonesia based on partial rpoB gene. Biodiversitas 21: 3070-3075. Indonesia is a developing country with the greatest potential of diphtheria, so accurate identification is needed to detect C. diphtheriae. The genetic relationship analysis is important to be determined so that this transmittable disease can be prevented. In this study, we reported the identification and phylogenetic analysis of C. diphtheriae based on partial rpoB gene. Twelve samples from throat swabs of diphtheria suspected patients from 2018 to 2019 were used in this study. The result of VITEK 2 ANC-Automated Testing identified that all isolates were C. diphtheriae. However, the identification based on partial rpoB gene analysis showed that only 10 out of 12 isolates were C. diphtheriae, while 2 other isolates were C. argentoratense. Of 10 C. diphtheriae strains/isolates, 2 strains were unique for Indonesia. Thus, it is needed to evaluate the accuracy of VITEK 2 ANC-Automated Testing and to conduct further comprehensive studies on the genetic relationships of C. diphtheriae strains based on multiple virulence genes, multilocus sequence typing and/or whole-genome analysis.
Nutritional contents and the utilization of Indonesian native starfruits: Averrhoa dolicocarpa and A. leucopetala Frisca Damayanti; Inggit Puji Astuti; Rizmoon Nurul Zulkarnaen; Siti Sunarti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210405

Abstract

Abstract. Damayanti F, Astuti IP, Zulkarnaen RN, Sunarti S. 2020. Nutritional contents and the utilization of Indonesian native starfruit: Averrhoa dolicocarpa and A. leucopetala. Biodiversitas 21: 1303-1309. Averrhoa dolicocarpa Rugayah & Sunarti and Averrhoa leucopetala Rugayah & Sunarti (wild starfruits) are new species of starfruit native to Indonesia. Both species have become plants collection in the Bogor Botanical Gardens (BBG). However, the nutritional content and the utilization of these two species have not been revealed in detail. The species of starfruit that are often widely used by the community are Averrhoa bilimbi and Averrhoa carambola. Therefore, the study aimed to reveal the nutritional content and excavate the potential use of A.dolicocarpa and A.leucopetala. The study was conducted by testing the proximate test, vitamin C content, total phenol, and experiment of starfruit as processed food ingredients. The result showed that the moisture, ash, fat, protein, and total dietary fiber content of A.dolicocarpa and A.leucopetala were comparable to A.bilimbi and A.carambola, while Vitamin C content and total phenol of A.bilimbi were significantly higher than A.dolicocarpa and A.leucopetala. Furthermore, A.dolicocarpa and A.leucopetala can be used as processed food ingredients, such as starfruit fish soup, healthy drinks, pudding, candy, and syrup. But, more comprehensive study on potential uses of A.dolicocarpa and A.leucopetala were still needed to explore information from both species.
Morphological and molecular identification of seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) from the coast of Sumatra Island, Indonesia Fadiyah Hanifaturahmah; Dyah Perwitasari-Farajallah; Nurlisa Alias Butet; Mala Nurilmala; Agus Oman Sudrajat; Yoshihiro Ochiai
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210924

Abstract

Abstract. Hanifaturahmah F, Perwitasari-Farajallah D, Butet NA, Nurilmala M, Sudrajat AO, Ochiai Y. 2020. Morphological and molecular identification of seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) from the coast of Sumatra Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4116-4123. Seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) species are difficult to be identified based on their color, shape, and body size, especially for their juveniles. The purposes of this study were to identify seahorse species from Indonesian waters (Riau Islands and Lampung, Sumatra Island) based on the sequence variations in the 16S rRNA and COI genes and to analyze the kinship of these seahorses. The morphological identification was performed, followed by the validation of the identification based on a molecular approach. Both identification methods showed the one species from Riau Islands was H. kuda, while the others (n=2) were H. comes. All specimens from Lampung (n=3) were H. comes. The specimens of H. comes from Riau Islands and Lampung were the same haplotype based on the 16 S rRNA sequence. Based on the COI, H. comes from Riau Islands (n=2) were found to be one haplotype (haplotype 1; n=2), while those from Lampung (n=3) consisted of two haplotypes (haplotype 1; n=2 and haplotype 2; n=1). Phylogenetic analysis based on both genes revealed that H. comes from Riau Islands and Lampung belongs to the same clade, while H. kuda from Riau Islands (n=1) was included in the lineage B (Indian Ocean).
Comparative and competitive advantages of nutmeg farming in two regions in Maluku Province, Indonesia Tienni Simanjorang; Irham; Lestari Rahayu Waluyati; Jangkung Handoyo Mulyo
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210342

Abstract

Abstract. Simanjorang TM, Irham, Waluyati LR, Mulyo JH. 2020. Comparative and competitive advantages of nutmeg farming in two regions in Maluku Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21:  1165-1173. Comparative and competitive advantage is one of the main keys to the development of nutmeg farming in Maluku Province to deal with globalization and market liberalization. Consequently, assessments are needed in developing efforts to improve the comparative and competitive advantage of nutmeg farming. The purposes of this study are to find out the private and social benefits of nutmeg farming, to find out the comparative and competitive advantages of nutmeg farming, and to compare the level of competitiveness of small-scale nutmeg farming in two regions in Maluku Province, Indonesia, namely the Ambon Island region and the Banda Islands region. Data were collected using direct interview techniques to smallholder nutmeg farmers selected purposively. The data was then analyzed using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) and the t-independent test of difference. The results show that nutmeg farming in the Banda Islands region has higher private and social benefits than in the Ambon Island region, because the nutmeg farming system in Banda Islands region is carried out intensively and the price of nutmeg farms received by farmers is higher, The competitive and comparative advantage of nutmeg farming in the Banda Islands region is higher than in the Ambon Island region. All these results suggest that in general nutmeg farming in the Banda Islands region is more competitive than in the Ambon Island region.
Effectiveness of herbs containing Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Elephantopus scaber L and Amaranthus tricolor L in iron deficiency anemia patients ULFA FITRIANI; zuraida zulkarnain; Fajar Novianto; Enggar Wijayanti; Agus Triyono
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210560

Abstract

Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of herbs containing Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Elephantopus scaber L and Amaranthus tricolor L compared with iron supplement in Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) subjects. Materials and Methods: a total of 128 subjects with IDA were recruited and randomly assigned to one of the two groups: Anemia herbs (AH) (n=64) and Iron supplement (IS) (n=64). The AH group received herbs containing Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Elephantopus scaber L and Amaranthus tricolor L two times daily and the IS group received Hufabion capsul for 4 weeks. Outcome measures were assesed 4 weeks after intervention. The outcomes of this study were hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), serum iron (SI), total iron banding capacity (TIBC) and quality of life (QOL) by using short form-36 (SF-36). Ethical Committee of NIHRD approval was obtained for this study. Results: A significant QOL effect in score of SF-36 of AH group was found after 4 weeks intervention (p<0,05). In contrast, no significant effect were found for the value of Hb, MCV , SI and TIBC (p>0,05) in the AH group. In the IS group, there were significant differences for value of Hb, MCV, SI, TIBC and SF-36 scores (p=0,000). Significant group effects were found for the value of Hb, MCV, SI and TIBC when comparing the IS group to AH group. There were also no significant differences between groups for QOL scores after 4 weeks intervention. Conclusion: Herbs containing Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Elephantopus scaber L and Amaranthus tricolor L proved to be an effective complementary therapy by improve QOL in the IDA patients.
Short Communication: Prevalence and risk factors of soil-transmitted helminth infection among farmers in Gelgel Village, Klungkung District, Bali, Indonesia budiapsari putu indah; ANAK AGUNG GEDE INDRANINGRAT; HENY ARWATI; YOES PRIJATNA DACHLAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210434

Abstract

Abstract. Apsari PIB, Indraningrat AAG, Arwati H, Dachlan YP. 2020. Short Communication: Prevalence and risk factors of soil-transmitted helminth infection among farmers in Gelgel Village, Klungkung District, Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1535-1540. Soil-transmitted helminths infection remains a problem in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Indonesia is one of the tropical countries with a high prevalence of STH infection in children and high-risk population such as farmers. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of STH infection from farmers. STH infection was diagnosed by Kato-Katz modified technique, while risk factors relevant to STH infection were assessed by a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by logistic regression and multiple regression test. A total of 162 fecal-samples and questionnaires were obtained from 250 participants. Twenty-two subjects (13.5%) were positive, and 140 subjects (86.5%) were negative for STH infection giving the prevalence rate of 13.5% among farmers. Several significant risk factors for STH infection were age, gender, level of study, income, eating fresh unwashed vegetable, hand washing without soap, defecation site, without wearing hand gloves and protective cloth, bare walking foot, and the use of synthetic fertilizer. So we can conclude that personal hygiene factors were the most contributed factors for STH infection.
Short Communication: Preliminary phylogenetic analysis of bacteria producing laccase isolated from Gunung Pancar, Bogor, Indonesia WIN WIN MAR; ALI ROHMAN; NUR H. MUWAFIQI; GALIH AYHUSTA LARAS; DYAH AGUSTINA; ONE ASMARANI; NI NYOMAN TRI PUSPANINGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210539

Abstract

Abstract. Mar WW, Rohman A, Muwafiqi NH, Laras GA, Agustina D, Asmarani O, Puspaningsih NNT. 2020. Short Communication: Preliminary phylogenetic analysis of bacteria producing laccase isolated from Gunung Pancar, Bogor, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2113-2118. Interpretation of phylogenetic trees is essential in understanding relationships between organisms, as well as their characteristics, bionetwork, and even their genomic and developmental ecology. The aim of this research is to analyze the phylogenetic bacteria producing laccase isolated from Gunung Pancar Bogor, Indonesia. Phylogenetic analysis of Geobacillus kaustophilus TP-02 producing laccase was performed using alignments with all Bacillus clusters. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by the neighbor-joining (NJ) method, using the maximum likelihood parameter. Laccase was purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation to 2.67-fold. The activity of crude laccase was determined to be 93.39 U/ml using 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) as the substrate. Moreover, Geobacillus related to counting some Geobacillus genus such as Geobacillus thermocatenulatus, Geobacillus sp. MAS1, Geobacillus thermoleovorans, and Geobacillus zalihae, having similarity under 91% with comparison to the Geobacillus kaustophilius sequence in GenBank. Therefore, results show that G. kaustophilus TP-02 does not have any closeness with other Geobacillus genera, even though these species have the same ancestor.
Management practices and contribution of village chickens to livelihoods of communal farmers: The case of Centane and Mount Frere in Eastern Cape, South Africa Busisiwe Gunya; Voster Muchenje; Masibonge Gxasheka; Thobela Tyasi; Patrick Masika
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210410

Abstract

Abstract. Gunya B, Muchenje V, Gxasheka M, Tyasi LT, Masika PJ. 2020. Management practices and contribution of village chickens to livelihoods of communal farmers: The case of Centane and Mount Frere in Eastern Cape, South Africa. Biodiversitas 21: 1345-1351. This study was conducted to determine village chickens production practices and their contribution to the livelihoods of farmers in rural households of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Data were gathered using a questionnaire survey of 150 households, which were identified by the use of snowball sampling. Village chickens were the most livestock species kept by farmers, mostly owned by women (79.61% in Centane and 81.06% in Mount Frere) and were kept for household food needs. Some farmers (21.92% and 25.31%) also occasionally sold their chickens at an average of R80 ($7.22) per bird. Most (93.13% and 76.44%) chickens flocks were provided with supplementary feed. The majority of farmers (80.31% and 88.33%) provided shelter for their chickens. The causes of chicken losses were reported to be diseases, predators, parasites and theft. The most cited disease problem was Newcastle (50.32% and 66.02%) while major predators were eagles (84.91% and 81.82%). The most common internal parasites were roundworms and tapeworm whilst the most reported external parasites were poultry lice and mites. The majority of farmers (94.51% and 92.21%) reported using chicken manure to improve the fertility of soils in their gardens. Chickens had a varied social role in the two areas, i.e., donation (61.63% and 68.82%) to neighbors and relatives. The majority of farmers (84.90%) in Centane didn't use chickens for cultural purposes whilst the majority (55.85%) in Mount Frere used chickens for cultural purposes. The present study showed that village chickens have a contribution to the livelihoods of rural households.
Plankton biodiversity in various typologies of inundation in Paminggir peatland, South Kalimantan, Indonesia on dry season Dini Yunandar; HEFNI EFFENDI; WIDIATMAKA; YUDI SETIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 3 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210322

Abstract

Abstract. Yunandar, Effendi H, Widiatmaka, Setiawan Y. 2020. Plankton biodiversity in various typologies of inundation in Paminggir peatland, South Kalimantan, Indonesia on dry season. Biodiversitas 21: 1012-1019. The aim of the study was to analyze the typology of inundation areas and plankton biodiversity in Paminggir peatland, South Borneo, Indonesia. Typology of inundation was determined by image processing and spatial analysis using supervised classification method from Landsat 1994, 2014, 2019. Plankton biodiversity was determined using purposive sampling in detected inundation from spatial analysis. Some environmental factors like temperature, Ph and DO were also analyzed. Confirmation of the results of spatial analysis of peatland typology made from overall accuracy and Kappa informed 88.48% and 0.8. The typology of permanent inundation decreased by 30% from 1994 to 2019 during the dry period from June to August of the total study area of 43275,584 hectares due to sedimentation, land conversion for settlement, and increase in water weeds. Inundation criteria with duration throughout the year were was categorized as permanent, whereas temporary inundation was tentative even in certain dry season. Plankton index biodiversity in permanent inundation was more varied compared to temporary inundation. Phytoplankton from the freshwater Chrysophyta group was more dominant, while zooplankton from the Nauplius group, which were the natural food for fish larvae always presented in the typology of permanent inundation.
Population structure of Geodorum densiflorum (Orchidaceae) in relation to habitat disturbance and vegetation characteristics Siti - Nurfadilah
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 4 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210421

Abstract

Abstract. Nurfadilah S. 2020. Population structure of Geodorum densiflorum (Orchidaceae) in relation to habitat disturbance and vegetation characteristics. Biodiversitas 21: 1422-1431. Habitat disturbance can have large impacts on the persistence, survival, and growth of plant populations, particularly for orchids, one of the most threatened plant families. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of habitat disturbance on the population of a terrestrial orchid, Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr, in terms of its population structure which is important in determining population viability for the species survival. The species occurred in three habitat types (disturbed habitat i.e. totally converted habitat into cananga plantation, burnt habitat, and undisturbed habitat). Plots of 2 m x 2 m were established in these three habitat types and the population structure of G. densiflorum in these three habitat types was analyzed. After analysis, three population types could be distinguished (i) 'regressive population' in disturbed habitat characterized by the absence of seedlings and dominated by generative adults, (ii) 'dynamic population' in burnt habitat characterized by a large proportion of young individuals (seedlings and juveniles) relative to the adults, and (iii) 'normal population' in undisturbed habitat characterized by the prevalence of adults but a small proportion of young individuals. The variation in the population structure of G. densiflorum appears to be related to the difference in vegetation characteristics of the three habitat types. The absence of seedlings of G. densiflorum in disturbed habitat was related to the grasses dominating vegetation that could inhibit seedling recruitment of G. densiflorum. Grasses were absent and hardly occurred in burnt habitat and undisturbed habitat allowing seedling recruitments of G. densiflorum in these habitat types. The highest seedling proportion and density of G. densiflorum were observed in burnt habitat as burning can remove aboveground biomass and reduce competition with surrounding vegetation providing safe microsites for seedling establishment and recruitment. The present study has implication in the orchid conservation and provide recommendation for the orchid conservation (i) to avoid totally converted habitat as it had consequences on the absence of seedling recruitment (ii) to perform mowing and managed burning to increase seedling recruitment of G. densiflorum which is important for population enlargement, persistence, and survival.

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