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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Indigenous knowledge of the people in Karya Usaha Hamlet (Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan, Indonesia) on the processing and diversity of plants that enhance toddler's appetite RUQIAH GANDA PUTRI PANJAITAN; MITALIA MITALIA; Ruhyat Partasasmita
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210946

Abstract

Abstract. Panjaitan RGP, Mitalia, Partasasmita R. 2020. Indigenous knowledge of the people in Karya Usaha Hamlet (Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan, Indonesia) on the processing and diversity of plants that enhance toddler's appetite. Biodiversitas 21: 4284-4290. Traditional medicines derived from plants are widely consumed daily by the people of Karya Usaha Hamlet in Indonesia. Not only it is used by adults but also children under the age of five, to increase their appetites. This information was the key to a scientific assessment as it was an effort for health resilience in the community. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the diversity of plant species that is prospective to enhance the toddler's appetite and its process. The method used in this study was a qualitative analysis using a semi-structured interview technique with several informants, which consisted of midwives, health service workers, Posyandu cadres, and people from the ethnic origin. The parts of the plants used as traditional medicinal ingredients were subjected to a qualitative phytochemical screening. The results revealed that seven species were potential as appetite enhancers for toddlers. Furthermore, sixty percent of the informants exhibited Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) mainly as herbal medicine, while 25.8% and 14.2% chose the fingerroot (Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) Schlecht.) and common turmeric (Curcuma domestica L.), respectively, as main herbal medicine. On the other hand, flavor enhancers on food from the diversity of plants used mostly by midwives in the village were on average of 2.19 species. Medicinal plants were generally processed by boiling and further adding honey or sugar so that children under the age of five will have a sweet flavor as they drink it.
Molecular characterization of eight horse breeds in Algeria using microsatellite markers MOHAMMED EL AMINE BENHAMADI; NAIMA BERBER; MOHAMMED BENYAROU; ABDELKADER AMEUR AMEUR; HADI YOUSSOUF HADDAM; MOHAMMED PIRO; SEMIR BECHIR SUHEIL GAOUAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210923

Abstract

 Abstract. Amine BME, Naima B, Mohammed B, Abdelkader AA, Youssouf HH, Mohammed P, Suheill GSB. 2020. Molecular characterization of eight horse breeds in Algeria using microsatellite markers.  Biodiversitas 21: 4107-4115. The Algerian horse population Bar, Origin Barb unknown, Arabian-Barb, Arabian, Thoroughbred (Pur sang); French Trotter, Algerian saddle, and Saddle are under a significant loss of genetic variability. This should be evaluated before any breed conservation and management program. For this purpose, genetic analyzes of diversity and differentiation were carried out on eight breeds horses reared in Algeria with 17 microsatellites. All microsatellite markers were highly polymorphic in all Breeds. A total of 170 alleles from 17 microsatellite loci were detected in 279 horses. The average number of alleles per locus was highest in Arabian-Barb horses (7.88) and lowest in Saddle breed (4.94). The observed heterozygosity interbreeds ranged from 0.685 to 0.625 for Barb and Saddle, while the expected heterozygosity was ranged from 0.746 to 0.678 for Arabian-Barb and Algerian Saddle respectively, the Ho value is lower than that of  He value. Genetic diversity between breeds was significant, based on Fst. Three different approaches to assess genetic relationships have been applied; namely, genetic distances, factorial correspondence analysis, and admixture analysis have shown that a significant amount of genetic variation is maintained in populations of native horses and other breeds: the Barb, Arabian-Barb, Barb (Oi). Algerian Saddle and Saddle breeds appear to be the most genetically related and support that there are crosses between these two breeds.
Influence of siam weed compost on soybean varieties in an agroforestry system with kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi) Priyono Suryanto; Eny Faridah; Handojo Hadi Nurjanto; SUPRIYANTA SUPRIYANTA; Dody Kastono; Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra; Suci Handayani; Anggraeni Kusuma Dewi; Taufan Alam
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 7 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210725

Abstract

Abstract. Suryanto P, Faridah E, Nurjanto HH, Supriyanta, Kastono D, Putra ETS, Handayani S, Dewi AK, Alam T. 2020. Influence of siam weed compost on soybean varieties in an agroforestry system with kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi). Biodiversitas 21: 3062-3069. Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.) has grown wild in many kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) forest can be utilized as compost for complementary of inorganic fertilizers in annual crops. The experiment was conducted during November-February 2020 in Menggoran Forest Resort, Playen Forest Section, Yogyakarta Forest Management District, Indonesia. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was soybean varieties consisted of Anjasmoro, Dering I, and Grobogan. The second factor was siam weed compost (SWC) application consisted of 0, 5, 10, and 15 tons ha-1. The data were analyzed using Two-way ANOVA, ANCOVA, and stepwise regression. The SWC application of 10 tons ha-1 showed the highest yield of Anjasmoro, Dering I, and Grobogan were 1.42, 1.56, and 1.51 tons ha-1, respectively, or increased by118.46%, 102.60%, and 112.68%, respectively, compared to the without SWC application. The optimum dosage of SWC application for Anjasmoro, Dering I, and Grobogan were 13.05, 14.35, and 14.93 tons ha-1, respectively, with a maximum yield of 1.45, 1.59, and 1.52 tons ha-1, respectively. Soil quality and physiological parameters that had a significant influenced on the production of soybean varieties in agroforestry systems with M. cajuputi were SOM, K, LPR, TC, and PRO.
Short Communication: Acute toxicity study of plantaricin from Lactobacillus plantarum S34 and its antibacterial activity Arido Yugovelman Ahaddin; Sri Budiarti; Apon Zaenal Mustopa; Huda S Darusman; Lita Triratna
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220128

Abstract

Abstract. Ahaddin AY, Budiarti S, Mustopa AZ, Darusman HS, Triratna L. 2021. Short Communication: Acute toxicity study of plantaricin from Lactobacillus plantarum S34 and its antibacterial activity. Biodiversitas 22: 227-232. Lactobacillus plantarum S34 belongs to the Lactobacilli class produces a bacteriocin called plantaricin. Bacteriocins are well known as active compounds that inhibit bacterial growth. This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity of plantaricin S34 and its safety profile in the ddY mouse animal models. Plantaricin 34 from the crude extract was identified using Tricine SDS-PAGE. Antimicrobial activity was observed using disk diffusion against EPEC K1.1, S. aureus, S. typhosa, S typhimurium, and Proteus sp. The safety assessment showed that crude extract of plantaricin S34 did not cause any abnormalities to experimental mice even after being administrated with 5000 mg/kg BB. The identification of plantaricin S34 showed an active molecule at 7.34 kDa and had an activity to inhibit the pathogens used in this study. The blood analysis showed that the hematological and biochemical blood properties were in the normal range. Histopathological examination showed no damage to the intestine, liver, and kidneys. Thus, the crude extract of plantaricin S34 is active as an antimicrobial agent without any toxicity effects.
MecA gene and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia Sancaka Chasyer Ramandinianto; Aswin Rafif Khairullah; Mustofa Helmi Effendi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210819

Abstract

Abstract. Ramandinianto SC, Khairullah AR, Effendi MH. 2020. MecA gene and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3562-3568. Milk Borne Disease (MBD) can be caused by a variety of pathogenic bacteria, one of which is Staphylococcus aureus which has a large impact on aspects of public health. The therapy used to treat staphylococcal infection is Oxacillin preparations that can inhibit bacterial wall synthesis, but the adaptation of the mecA gene to staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) causes the emergence of strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The purpose of this study was to detect the level of MRSA strain contamination in dairy cows in East Java by comparing the mecA gene, Oxacillin, and Cefoxitin Disc Diffusion Methods and Oxacillin Resistance Screen Agar (ORSA) detection methods. A total of 150 cow's milk samples were taken at 3 village dairy farms in East Java, samples were added to the enrichment media Buffer Pepton Water (BPW) and then isolates were planted and purified using Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA). The detection of MRSA was carried out by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion preparation Cefoxitin 30 ?g and Oxacillin 30 ?g then confirmed by ORSA and the presence of mecA gene by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The results showed that from a total of 92 S. aureus isolates using Oxacillin disc test, 24 resistant isolates were obtained, using Cefoxitin disc test, 17 isolates were obtained, and using the ORSA test 18 MRSA isolates were obtained. MRSA isolates tested by PCR obtained evidence of 2 isolates of mecA gene. It can be concluded that the Oxacillin disc test was the highest sensitivity for detecting MRSA strain isolate, however, mecA gene was the golden standard to detect MRSA on the dairy farms.
Diversity and honey properties of stingless bees from meliponiculture in East and North Kalimantan, Indonesia SYAFRIZAL; RICO RAMADHAN; IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA; SAAT EGRA; KUNIYOSHI SHIMIZU; MAMORU KANZAKI; Enos Tangkearung
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 10 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211021

Abstract

Abstract. Syafrizal, Ramadhan R, Kusuma IW, Egra S, Shimizu K, Kanzaki M, Arung ET. 2020. Diversity and honey properties of stingless bees from meliponiculture in East and North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4623-4630. Kalimantan Island in Indonesia is covered by tropical rain forests that are rich in biodiversity. Species, include a stingless bee (Trigona spp.). Recently, stingless bee beekeeping (Meliponiculture) in this region has become popular because the honey has a unique taste, a mix of sweet, sour, and bitter which is highly valued. The objective of this study was to determine the diversity of stingless bee species, the number of colonies, type of hive, and honey properties such as taste, acidity, color, phytochemicals, and radical scavenging activity or antioxidant in meliponiculture in selected areas of Eastern and Northern Kalimantan, Indonesia. The area studied included Samarinda, Balikpapan, Penajam, Bontang, Sangatta, and Tarakan. The study conducted by visiting the farmers, collecting the stingless bees species and bee products (honey, propolis, and bee pollen), pH, color and taste determination, phytochemical screening, and DPPH assay. We found 12 species, with Heterotrigona itama and Tetragonula laeviceps being the main ones cultivated by people in all research areas, except Balikpapan. We counted 111 colonies of T. laeviceps and 99 of H. itama in the meliponiculture. There were three types of hive used by farmers in meliponiculture. Most of the honey tasted sweet and sour with acidity or pH ranging from 3-4, and color from dark brown to light yellow. The phytochemicals contained tannin, alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid, carotenoid, coumarin, saponin, and carbohydrate. The Tetragonula sarawakensis honey was the most potent in term radical scavengers. Our findings showed that stingless bee honey contains antioxidants with phytochemicals that are very useful for human health.
Antioxidant activity and compound constituents of gamma-irradiated black rice (Oryza sativa L.) var. Cempo Ireng indigenous of Indonesia Venty Suryanti; Riyatun; SUHARYANA SUHARYANA; Sutarno; Ozi Adi Saputra
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210935

Abstract

Abstract. Suryanti V, Riyatun, Suharyana, Sutarno, Saputra OA. 2020. Antioxidant activity and compound constituents of gamma-irradiated black rice (Oryza sativa L.) var. Cempo Ireng Indigenous of Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4205-4212. Nowadays, black rice is gaining consumer interest because of its health benefit. Due to the high content of antioxidant compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids, the nutritional profile of black rice is much better than any other rice varieties. Anthocyanins, pigment with powerful antioxidant properties, give a vibrant color to the rice. The antioxidant activity and chemical constituents of the non-irradiated and gamma-irradiated black rice Oryza sativa L. var Cempo Ireng were investigated. The total phenolic content was determined based on the reaction of the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent with samples. Total anthocyanin was determined by the pH differential method. Antioxidant activity was fulfilled using DPPH method. The results revealed that non-irradiated and gamma-irradiated black rice were categorized as potent antioxidants. It is noted that irradiation increased antioxidant activity and changed the chemical components of black rice. Both of non-irradiated and irradiated black rice contains simple phenolics and flavonoids, including anthocyanins. Non-irradiated and irradiated black rice possess similar types of secondary metabolites, with different chemical content. The non-irradiated black rice contains anthocyanins of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, whereas the irradiated black rice possesses anthocyanin of peonidin-3-O-glucoside. Additionally, irradiated black rice contains terpenoids, which increased its antioxidant activity compared to the control.
Coral diversity on artificial reef from coconut shells in northern Bali, Indonesia Eghbert Elvan Ampou; Gede Iwan Setiabudi; Nuryani Widagti; I Nyoman Dodik Prasetia
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210952

Abstract

Artificial reef from natural product bioreeftek is very easy to apply and can be found in many tropical coastal areas namely coconut shells with natural coral recruitment. The purpose of this study was to calculate the percentages of coral cover, ratio and clustering. At the two research sites in North Bali, Pemuteran - Napoleon reef, depth 5-6m-reef slope found 13 species of live coral from 9 bioreeftek: Porites sp 32%, Pocillopora damicornis 13%, Seriatopora sp 10%, Acropora palifera, Acropora sp, Goniastrea sp, Favia sp, Pachyseris sp = 6%; Montipora sp - Echinopora sp - Favites sp - Fungia fungites and Leptoseris sp = 3%. At the Lovina - Adirama Temple, depth of 6m-reef flat was found in 14 species from 14 bioreeftek: Acropora palifera 24%, Pocillopora damicornis 21%, Porites sp 7%, Montipora sp 4% - Acropora sp - Pavona sp = 3%, Platygyra sp 2%, Acropora humilis - Millepora = 1%. Cluster Analysis showed all corals on two sites are correlated in percent cover, characteristics, influences and occurrences. Artificial reefs with natural materials such as coconut shells are necessary developed in addressing the degradation of coral reef ecosystem. The added value of bioreeftek is insertion/inserted method of coral.
Milk production and quality of Etawa crossbreed dairy goat that given Tithonia diversifolia, corn waste and concentrate based palm kernel cake Arief ARIEF; RUSDIMANSYAH RUSDIMANSYAH; SIMEL SOWMEN; RONI PAZLA; RIZQAN RIZQAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210910

Abstract

Abstract. Arief, Rudimansyah, Sowmen S, Rizqan RP. 2020. Milk production and quality of Etawa crossbreed dairy goat that given Tithonia diversifolia, corn waste and concentrate based palm kernel cake. Biodiversitas 21: 4004-4009. The research aims to evaluate the production and quality of goat milk of Etawa crossbreed dairy goat (ECDG) which is fed by Tithonia diversifolia (T), corn waste (CW), and concentrate-based palm kernel cake (CBP),. The experimental design used in this study was a completely random design (CRD) with four times treatment rations and five times replications. There are five treatments used in this research which are; treatment A used 60 % T + 40 % tofu-dregs; B used 60 % T + 20% tofu-dregs + 20% CBP; C used 45 % T + 15% CW + 20% tofu-dregs + 20% CBP; D used 30 % T + 30% CW + 20% tofu-dregs + 20% CBP. The data were analyzed by Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) for further tests. The parameters measured were milk production and milk quality, which covers dry matter, water content, protein, fat, solid non-fat, and lactose. The result showed that the treatment gave no significant effect (P> 0.05) of milk production, dry matter, protein, fat, solid non-fat, and lactose. The study concluded that the use of T. diversifolia, corn-waste, and CBP could maintain milk production quality.
Diversity and distribution bromeliads plants as breeding habitat for mosquito larvae (Diptera: Culicidae) in Bogor, Indonesia M Ikhsan; UPIK KESUMAWATI HADI; SUSI SOVIANA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 8 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210810

Abstract

Abstract. Ikhsan M, Hadi UK, Soviana S. 2020. Diversity and distribution bromeliads plants as breeding habitat for mosquito larvae (Diptera: Culicidae) in Bogor, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3494-3498. Bromeliads leaf structure can hold water and has potential as the breeding ground for mosquitoes. Information regarding the potential of bromeliads as a habitat for mosquito larvae in Indonesia is limited. This study aims to identify the diversity of bromeliads and their potential as breeding habitat for mosquito larvae in West Bogor Sub-district, Bogor City, West Java, Indonesia. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling method. Larvae collections were carried out on bromeliads that were outside the building in December 2019 to Maret 2020. The collection used a 50 ml syringe that was modified using a small pipe. Total bromeliads collected were 117 consisted of Neoregelia, Cryptanthus, dan Alcantarea from 50 observation points. The percentage of mosquito larvae presence from bromeliads was 74.4%. Total larvae collected were 859 larvae consisting of Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti, Aedes spp., Armigeres subalbatus, and Culex quinquefasciatus. The diversity of mosquito larvae found in the bromeliads were low (H'=0.16), while the dominant species of mosquito larvae were Ae. albopictus (61.55%) and confirmed as the second vector of Dengue Fever in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that bromeliads have potential as a breeding site for mosquito larvae in West Bogor Sub-district, Bogor City.

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