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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Compounds detection and inhibition activity of chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of Schizophyllum commune on some cancer cell types Nuraeni Ekowati; ARIS MUMPUNI; NUNIEK INA RATNANINGTYAS; ARDHINI RIN MAHARNING
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211251

Abstract

Abstract. Ekowati N, Mumpuni A, Ratnaningtyas NI, Maharning A. 2020. Compounds detection and inhibition activity of chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of Schizophyllum commune on some cancer cell types. Biodiversitas 21: 5865-5871. Schizophyllum commune Fr.is a potential fungus utilized as a drug, including a cancer drug expectant. In Indonesia, the fungus' capability to suppress the growth of certain types of cancer cells has not been widely reported. The purposes of this study were (i) to determine the bioactive compound group from S. commune using organic solvents chloroform and ethyl acetate, (ii) to determine the IC50 values ??of S. commune bioactive compounds using cancer cell lines HeLa, MCF7, T47D and WiDr, (iii) to find out the mechanism of apoptosis. The research was carried out experimentally using a pure culture of four types of cancer cell lines. Anticancer activity test was conducted by a cytotoxic test using MTT [3- (4,5- dimethylthiazol -2-yl) -2.5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide], and apoptosis test. Data analysis was performed with linear regression analysis, and the apoptosis test was analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the bioactive compounds produced by S. commune are alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids. S. commune bioactive compounds potentially inhibit the four cancer cell lines used with IC50 values ??ranging from 5.44 to 420.48 ug/mL. Best result was obtained from S. commune extract of chloroform in T47D cells with IC50 = 5.44 ug/mL and are able to induce apoptosis.
Salinity tolerance of larvae Aedes aegypti inland and coastal habitats in Pasangkayu, West Sulawesi, Indonesia ARINI RATNASARI; ARIF RAHMAN JABAL; SYAHRIBULAN SYAHRIBULAN; Irfan Idris; NUR RAHMA; SRI NUR RAHMI NUR RUSTAM; MILA KARMILA; HAJAR HASAN; ISRA WAHID
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220316

Abstract

Abstract. Ratnasari A, Jabal AR, Syahribulan, Idris I, Rahma N, Rustam SNRN, Karmila M, Hasan H, Wahid I. 2021. Salinity tolerance of larvae Aedes aegypti inland and coastal habitats in Pasangkayu, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1203-1210. Aedes aegypti L. is the primary arboviral vector generally found in freshwater, but it is also observed in brackish water. The study analyzes habitat characteristics, larvae adaptation, and oviposition preference in salinity levels over the coastal and inland ecosystem in Pasangkayu District of West Sulawesi. The larvae were reared until adults and have larval of first progeny were examined the salinity tolerance in five salinity levels. Ovitrap-based experiments were carried out in the laboratory using adult Ae. aegypti colonies from inland and coastal areas. Eggs on filter paper (ovitrap) were identified and counted. Data were analyzed using LC50 (larvae with salinity tolerance) and Pearson correlation (correlation between the larvae phase two ecosystem factors). Total larvae observed in coastal areas and inland are 1437 and 1288, respectively. The salinity tolerance test showed that Instar IV is highly adapted to the saline environment. The larvae from the coastal (inland) area can tolerate salinity up to 13 (10) ppt. Mosquitoes can lay many eggs in 3 ppt salinity: 27.1% and 20.8% for coastal and inland colonies, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the larval instar stage of Ae. aegypti from coastal and inland ecosystems with the ability to survive at the salinity level (p < 0.01). This study is expected to be a source of information on the adaptation of Ae. aegypti mosquito to salinity in coastal and inland ecosystems. The findings can be considered in vector control efforts on brackish water habitats.
Implementation of species protection act for the conservation of Tanimbar corella, Cacatua goffiniana (Roselaar & Michels, 2004) Tri Haryoko; Mark O’Hara; Berenika Mioduszewska; Hari Sutrisno; Lilik Budi Prasetyo; Ani Mardiastuti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220417

Abstract

Abstract. Haryoko T, O’Hara M, Mioduszewska B, Sutrisno H, Prasetyo LB, Mardiastuti A. 2021. Implementation of species protection act for the conservation of Tanimbar corella, Cacatua goffiniana (Roselaar & Michels, 2004). Biodiversitas 22: 1733-1740. Birds are among the most favored pet animals and are nurtured because of their melodious voice, intelligence, and beautiful feathers. Therefore, these animals are usually traded in both local and international markets. Wild bird trades are dominated by species from the order Passeriformes/songbirds and Psittaciformes/parrots. Furthermore, one of the Psittaciformes groups that are in high demand as a pet is the cockatoos. The Goffin’s cockatoo or Tanimbar corella/Cacatua goffiniana (Roselaar & Michels,2004)is one of seven species of parrots native to Indonesia and has been traded for decades. This endemic bird from the Tanimbar Islands (Maluku Province) has been protected by the Indonesian government since 1990 and has been on the CITES Appendix I since 1992. Therefore, this study aims to review the harvesting of C. goffiniana and the effect the bird's protection status has on its trade. It was conducted by investigating the legal trade data for 1981-2018, information on illegal trade, and ex-situ conservation of this species. The review on the trade of C. goffiniana was assessed using descriptive analysis. Furthermore, Independent Samples T-Test was used to determine the differences between the number of C. goffiniana traded before and after the bird was listed in Appendix I CITES and protected by Indonesia's law. The results showed that the number of exported Cacatua goffiniana for 38 years to 34 countries was 151,684. Furthermore, the United States of America was the largest importer with a total of 118,356/78.03%. It was discovered that the number of birds legally exported by Indonesia has decreased dramatically since 1990 because these animals are protected by Indonesian law. Consequently, there was a significant difference between the number traded before and after their designation as protected species. The nonparametric correlation between protection status and Appendix I CITES listing to the number of these animals traded was statistically significant. Finally, existing conservation practices involve efforts to restock the population by means of captive breeding programs. However, as conservation agencies have shown little success in breeding these species, the efforts are not sufficient to fulfill the demand. Therefore, illegal trade is still a major threat to the natural populations.
Assessment of some heavy metals in various aquatic plants of Al-Hawizeh Marsh, southern of Iraq Dunya A. Al-Abbawy; BASIM M. HUBAIN AL-THAHAIBAWI; ITHAR K.A. AL-MAYALY; KADHIM H. YOUNIS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220141

Abstract

Abstract. Al-Abbawy DAH, Al-Thahaibawi BMH, Al-Mayaly IKA, Younis KH. 2021. Assessment of some heavy metals in various aquatic plants of Al-Hawizeh Marsh, southern of Iraq. Biodiversitas 22: 338-345. In order to describe the degree of contamination of aquatic environments in Iraq, heavy metals analysis (Fe, Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb, and Zn) was conducted for six aquatic macrophytes from different locations of Al-Hawizeh Marsh in southern Iraq. The six species were Azolla filiculoides (floating plant), Ceratophyllum demersum, Potamogeton pectinatus, Najas marina (submerged plants), Phragmites australis, and Typha domingensis (emergent plants). The results indicate that cadmium, chromium, and iron concentrations in aquatic plants were above the World Health Organization (WHO). In contrast, zinc, copper, and lead were within the allowable limits. C. demersum and N. marina showed higher concentrations of heavy metal accumulation than the other aquatic plants. The concentration of heavy metals in plant tissues during the summer months was higher than in the different seasons. C. demersum and N. marina showed higher concentrations of heavy metal accumulation than the other aquatic plants. Heavy metal bioconcentration (BCF) was calculated to assess heavy metals bioaccumulation in the aquatic plants.
Biodiversity and phylogenetic analyses using DNA barcoding rbcL gene of seagrass from Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia Stevanus STEVANUS; Made Pharmawati
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220107

Abstract

Abstract. Stevanus, Pharmawati M. 2021. Biodiversity and phylogenetic analyses using DNA barcoding rbcL gene of seagrass from Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 50-57. West Lombok, Indonesia is one of the locations that is thought to have a quite high diversity of seagrass. Information on the diversity of seagrass species is important due to the important value of seagrass in the marine ecosystem. This research aimed to analyze biodiversity and phylogenetic of seagrass from Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia using DNA barcoding of rbcL gene. As many as 35 samples from seven morphologically identified species (Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halodule pinifolia, Halophila ovalis, and H. minor) were taken from four Gilis (small island) in Sekotong. The DNA was amplified for the rbcL gene and sequence analyses using BLAST were conducted to determine the species. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out using three evolutionary algorithms using Neighbor-Joining, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analysis with 1000 bootstrap. The rbcL gene was successfully amplified from all samples with a maximum length of 552 bp. The phylogenetic analysis showed that clades were split by family and genera where six clades were formed (Enhalus acoroides, T. hemprichii, Halophila complex, H. pinifolia, S. isoetifolium, and C. rotundata) with more than 95% of bootstrap values for Neighbor-Joining and Bayesian. The p-distance values between species were 0.008-0.097 and the polymorphic site was not found within species. The rbcL sequences only confirmed five seagrass species out of seven morphologically identified species and the sequences generated from this study cannot discriminate Halophila ovalis and H. minor.
Species composition and growth performance of mangrove forest at the coast of Tanah Merah, East Nusa Tenggara Ronggo Sadono; DJOKO SOEPRIJADI; ARI SUSANTI; PANDU YUDHA ADI PUTRA WIRABUANA; Jeriels Matatula
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211242

Abstract

The availability information about species composition and growth performance of mangrove forest are required to determine the best strategies for sustainable ecosystems management, particularly at the coastal area. This study aimed to quantify the number of species composition and growth performance of mangrove stand that established at the coast of Tanah Merah, East Nusa Tenggara. Forest inventory was conducted using nine permanent sampling plot which evenly distributed in every zonation of mangrove. Data were collected in each life stage of vegetation, namely seedling, sapling, pole, and tree. Several parameters were calculated to describe species composition, including important value index, richness, heterogeneity, and evenness. Four indicators were selected to assess the growth performance of mangrove stand in this location, i.e. mean diameter, average height, timber volume, and wood biomass. Results demonstrated the species composition of mangrove forest consisted of 9 different plants. The highest important value index of seedling was noted in A. marina (124.09) while the greatest important value index of sapling, pole, and tree were recorded in S. alba by approximately 86.57, 130.01, 118.58 respectively. This location had low level of richness (1.22) and heterogeneity (0.88) but having high level of evenness (0.99). The mean diameter and height of mangrove stand in this area was 15.2 cm and 8.3 m with an average timber volume and wood biomass around 90.7 m3 ha-1 and 65.1 Mg ha-1 respectively. Based on these findings, we suggested to conduct enrichment planting for improving plant biodiversity of mangrove forest at the coast of Tanah Merah.
Diversity, density and distribution of termites in housing complexes in Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia Hery Pratiknyo; TRISNO HARYANTO; DWI NURCAHYO APRIYANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211233

Abstract

Abstract. Pratikno H, Haryanto T, Apriyanto DN. 2020. Diversity, density, and distribution of termites in housing complexes in Purwokerto City, Central Java Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5729-5735. Termite attacks have detrimental effects on buildings and incur considerable costs. The rapid development of housing complex in Purwokerto City, Central Java Province, Indonesia urges an investigation on the occurrence of termite attacks. This research aimed to identify the diversity of termite species, its spatial distribution and its density on a variety of wood on housing complexes in Purwokerto City and the surrounding areas. The context of this study focused on wood species commonly used by the developers, namely albasia (Paraserianthes falcataria), which is commonly used for the upper ceiling, bangkirai (Shorea laevifolia) for poles and door/window frames, and teak (Tectona grandis) which is often used for door and window boards. We used bait techniques with the rationale that it is cheap and environmentally friendly as well as accurate. Four housing complexes in four subdistricts were randomly selected stratified based on four altitude ranges (<100 m, 100 m, 200 m, and 300 m). In each selected housing complex wood baits of three durability types (i.e. albasia, bangkirai and teak) were installed, each measuring 30 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm with five replications. Data of termite species, spatial distribution of termite species, and individual density in each housing complex were recorded after three months since the wood baits were stockpiled. Microclimate variables during the study were also recorded. The differences in density across housing complexes and the three types of wood were tested using ANOVA and continued with Duncan's test. The results showed three species of termites attacked wood baits, namely Microtermes insperatus, Macrotermes gilvus, and Odontotermes javanicus, all belong subterranean termite group. M. insperatus and O. javanicus had specific spatial distribution without overlapping zone among the two, while M. gilvus was the most adaptable and widely distributed in all housing complexes (<100-300 m asl.) regardless of the durable quality of the wood. There was significant difference in termite attacks across housing complexes with Ketapang housing complex in Sokaraja Subdistrict (<100 m asl.) was most frequently attacked. Conversely, there were no significant differences in termite attacks across the three types of wood (i.e. albasia, bangkirai, and teak).
Short Communication: MADS-box genes expression in seedlings of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. resistance to Ganoderma boninense RAHMAH HAYATI; LISNAWITA LISNAWITA; ERMAN MUNIR; MOHAMMAD BASYUNI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 21 No. 12 (2020)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211243

Abstract

Abstract. Hayati R, Lisnawita, Munir E, Basyuni M. 2020. Short Communication: MADS-box genes expression in seedlings of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. resistance to Ganoderma boninense. Biodiversitas 21: 5805-5810. Advances in molecular technology were allowed the molecular studies of the flowering genes to expected to be used to predict oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fruit production. This study aims to identify the genetic structure associated with flowering genes, belonging to the MADS-box gene family of E. guineensis to Ganoderma boninense susceptible and resistance types. Different length of expression genes was identified for each population displayed the single band pattern. On the basis of UVITEC-1D methods, all populations (RA, RS, SS, and SA) detected overall expression in primer EGGLO and EGDEF. Moreover, several populations (SS, SA, RA) were not expressed in primer EGSQUA, EGAGL2, and EGAG. Based on the GENEALEX results, 5 sets of MADS-box family markers showed Na values were 2.20 to 3.00, and He values were 0.40–0.67. High polymorphism information content (PIC > 0.50) was found in Resistance Asymptomatic (RA) and Susceptible Asymptomatic (SA) populations (PIC = 0.82). The phylogenetic tree described clustering for populations based on genetic distances. The dendrogram was constructed with two cluster groups. The first cluster was described as resistance asymptomatic and symptomatic population. Furthermore, the second cluster consisted of two clustering susceptible asymptomatic and symptomatic populations, separately. Several oil palm genes resistant symptomatic and asymptomatic was found in one cluster, similarly in susceptible symptomatic and asymptomatic grouped more closely. This phenomenon is likely to be the sampling rate and the addictive nature of parent crossing derivatives.  
Soil mesofauna amount and diversity by returning fresh and compost of crops biomass waste in ultisols in-situ: Junita Barus; DIAN MEITHASARI; JAMALAM LUMBANRAJA; HAMIM SUDARSONO; KUSWANTA FUTAS HIDAYAT; DERMIYATI DERMIYATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220113

Abstract

Abstract. Barus J, Meithasari D, Lumbanraja J, Sudarsono H, Hidayat KF, Dermiyati. 2021. Soil mesofauna amount and diversity by returning fresh and compost of crops biomass waste in ultisols in-situ. Biodiversitas 21: 92-98. Newly added organic matter to the soil often has no significant effect on the physical and chemical properties of the soil. However, the addition of organic matter greatly affects the abundance and diversity of living organisms in the soil, because the addition of organic matter is one of the sources of food. The aim of this research was to study the impact of returning crop biomass waste in fresh or compost forms on the abundance and diversity of soil mesofauna. Three types of crop biomass residues (i.e. maize stover, rice straw, and soybean stover) were used at doses of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 t ha-1. Mesofauna observations were carried out three times, namely at two weeks after biomass waste application (before planting rice), at eight weeks (there were rice plants in the soil), and at fourteen weeks (after rice harvest). The soil sample for mesofauna observation was dry extracted using a Berlese funnel set up, and to calculate and identified using a binocular microscope. The result showed that the number and diversity of mesofauna in the addition of compost was higher than that of fresh biomass waste. Increasing the dose of biomass waste has an effect on increasing the number and diversity of soil mesofauna. The presence of rice plants in the soil at the time of observation also affected the abundance of soil mesofauna.
Projecting expansion range of Selaginella zollingeriana in the Indonesian archipelago under future climate condition AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN; JATNA SUPRIATNA; NISYAWATI NISYAWATI; ILYAS NURSAMSI; SUTARNO SUTARNO; SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO; SUNARTO SUNARTO; PRAKASH PRADAN; SUGENG BUDIHARTA; ARI PITOYO; SAPTA SUHARDONO; PRABANG SETYONO; MUHAMMAD INDRAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220458

Abstract

Abstract. Setyawan AD, Supriatna J, Nisyawati, Nursamsi I, Sutarno, Sugiyarto, Sunarto, Pradan P, Budiharta S, Pitoyo A, Suhardono S, Setyono P, Indrawan M. 2021. Projecting expansion range of Selaginella zollingeriana in the Indonesian archipelago under future climate conditions. Biodiversitas 22: 2088-2103. The expansion of plant species to outside areas of its original localities has attracted great interest in theoretical ecology. The scientific curiosity of such phenomenon is even deeper when the geographical expansion is confined by natural boundaries and affected by environmental changes, including climates. This study aimed to predict the current suitable habitat niche of Selaginella zollingeriana Spring, a species with original distribution in Java Island, and to project its potential suitable niche in the Indonesian archipelago accounting for future climate conditions. In doing so, we applied the Ecological Niche Modelings (ENMs) using MaxEnt algorithm by employing 30 presence data of S. zollingeriana and twelve enviro-climatic variables. The model predicted around 17.22% (22,095 km2) of the Java Island area is potentially suitable for current habitat niche of S. zollingeriana, consisting of 10.93% (14,028 km2), 4.75% (6,097 km2), and 1.54% (1,970 km2) of low, medium, and high suitability areas, respectively. Under future scenarios, the model predicted the possibility of species expansion into the other four big islands (i.e., Sumatera, Borneo, Sulawesi, and Papua). Nonetheless, the model also predicted a declining trend of the availability of suitable niches wherein from 2030 to 2080 the modeled niche declined about 58% and 59% under the most optimistic and most pessimistic climate change projections, respectively. While this study provides a primary example in predicting species expansion in tropical archipelago, similar studies in a range of contexts (e.g., species, region) are recommended to add more evidence to strengthen the theoretical ground of expansion ecology under climate changes.

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