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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Riparian plant diversity in relation to artisanal mining sites in Cikidang River, Banten, Indonesia Noverita Dian Takarina; Ika Lina Sinaga; Tri Rifqoh Umi Kulsum
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220149

Abstract

Abstract. Takarina ND, Sinaga IL, Kultsum TR. 2021. Riparian plant diversity in relation to artisanal mining sites in Cikidang River, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 401-407. Artisanal mining usually occurs in gold mining activities near the river banks and consequently, this will affect the downstream ecosystem include riparian habitat and its plant diversity. Here, this study aimed to assess the effects of artisanal mining sites on the riparian plant diversity in Cikidang River, Lebak District, Banten Province, Indonesia. The study was conducted by placing 10 sampling stations along 4 km of Cikidang River with width of 20 m. Riparian plant species were collected and identified from 10 m x 10 m sampling plots in each station. Plant diversity was assessed using Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, Margalef, and Pielou indices. There were in total 18 families and 42 plant species have been identified. Compositae and Poaceae were plant families that common here. Ageratum conyzoides was the most common species followed by Impatiens platypetala, Cibadium surinamense, Wollastonia biflora, Calliandra calothyrsus, and Pityrogramma calomelanos. Shannon-Wiener diversity index was in the range of 1.040-1.561. There was a positive correlation between riparian diversity with the distance to mining sites with decreasing diversity trends toward artisanal mining sites. Riparian habitats located far (> 1 km) from the mining sites have more species. While species observed in riparian habitats near (0.3-1 km) the mining sites were accounted only for 26.1% of total species found. To conclude, the presence of artisanal mining sites can affect the nearby riparian plant diversity.
Shewanella baltica strain JD0705 isolated from the mangrove wetland soils in Thailand and characterization of its ligninolytic performance Aiya Chantarasiri
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220143

Abstract

Abstract. Chantarasiri A. 2021. Shewanella baltica strain JD0705 isolated from the mangrove wetland soils in Thailand and characterization of its ligninolytic performance. Biodiversitas 22: 354-361. Lignin is a complex biopolymer and the third component by mass of lignocellulosic plant biomass. Its recalcitrant property hampers the hydrolysis and utilization of cellulose and hemicellulose in the lignocellulosic biomass. Thus, the delignification of lignocellulosic biomass is an enormous challenge for emerging bio-based applications. This study presented a potential ligninolytic bacterium for potential use in the biological delignification process under mild conditions. This bacterium was isolated from the mangrove wetland soils in Thailand, characterized and identified as psychrotrophic Shewanella baltica strain JD0705. It was determined for ligninolytic activity and showed laccase activity at 5.23 ± 0.10 U/mL. The optimum temperature and pH for the laccase activity were observed to be 25°C at a pH of 7.0 respectively with a stability range of 20-30°C temperature and pH of 7.0-8.0. S. baltica strain JD0705 was used in the biological delignification of rice husk powder and promoted the hydrolysis of rice husk powder to obtain more liberating sugar content. The findings from this study indicated that feasibility of using this ligninolytic bacterium for the production of laccase and the delignification of lignocellulosic plant biomass.
Socio-ecological dimensions of agroforestry called kebun campuran in tropical karst ecosystem of West Java, Indonesia PARIKESIT PARIKESIT; SUSANTI WITHANINGSIH; FAKHRUR ROZI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220117

Abstract

Abstract. Parikesit, Withaningsih S, Rozi F. 2021. Socio-ecological dimensions of agroforestry called kebun campuran in tropical karst ecosystem of West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 122-131.  Traditional and modernized systems combining agricultural and forestry production systems-called agroforestry-was developed by humans under the influence of biophysical and social conditions which often result in heterogeneous landscape. The so-called kebun campuran (mixed gardens) is one of the agroforestry forms that can be encountered in the humid tropics of Indonesia. However, socio-ecological information of this man-made vegetation and its multidimensional functions in particular environmental settings like karst is still limited. This paper aims to elucidate socio-ecological dimensions of kebun campuran in karst ecosystem in Pangandaran District, West Java, Indonesia. A vegetation survey was carried out to reveal the bio-ecological dimensions of kebun campuran complemented with socio-economic questionnaires. The results show that kebun campuran played an important role for the owners as the majority of them gained economic benefits from this agroforest. More than 50% of the owners had their main income from kebun campuran, therefore, kebun campuran was considered a valuable family asset. Kebun campuran ownership put the owner in a higher social status, despite the fact that 80.9% of them had only elementary education background. Correlation analysis showed that there was a very significant correlation between the areas of kebun campuran, rice-field, and homegarden ownership. The analysis also indicated that the economic value of kebun campuran derived from its products increased as its area became larger. There were diverse products like timber, fruits, fuelwood and forages extracted from kebun campuran. Among economically important species were Albizia chinensis (silk tree), Cocos nucifera (coconuts), Manilkara zapota (sapodilla), Musa paradisiaca (banana). Despite its beneficial value, kebun campuran was not intensively managed. On the other hand, the structural vegetation pattern of kebun campuran was the result of various practices carried out by the owners through the processes of introduction, domestication, and selection of plant species. Maintaining kebun campuran in the coastal landscape of Pangandaran might ensure the future of karst ecosystem in this southern coastal area of West Java.
Presence of multidrug resistance (MDR) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) of Escherichia coli isolated from cloacal swab of broilers in several wet markets in Surabaya, Indonesia Mustofa Helmi Effendi; WIWIEK TYASNINGSIH; YEMIMA ANGGUN YURIANTI; JOLA RAHMAHANI; NENNY HARIJANI; HANI PLUMERIASTUTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220137

Abstract

Abstract. Effendi MH, Tyasningsih W, Yurianti YA, Rahmahani J, Harijani N, Plumeriastuti H. 2021. Presence of multidrug resistance (MDR) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) of Escherichia coli isolated from cloacal swab of broilers in several wet markets in Surabaya, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 304-310.  The purpose of this research was to identify multidrug resistance (MDR) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) of Escherichia coli from cloacal swab of broiler chicken in several wet markets in Surabaya. This study used 60 broiler chicken samples, with cloacal swab method. The samples were isolated and identified to find Escherichia coli with several procedures, MacConckey Agar (MCA), Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA), Gram staining, indole test, Methyl Red-Voges Proskauer (MR-VP), citrate, and Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA). Antibiotic sensitivity test was tested by using Kirby-Bauer (Disc Diffusion Method) with antibiotics: Aztreonam, Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, and Ciprofloxacin. From research, it can be illustrated that the isolates resistant to antibiotic Ciprofloxacin were 67% and Tetracycline was 65%. Total 97% isolates were found sensitive for Aztreonam, 73% for Chloramphenicol, and 55% for Gentamicin. Twelve isolates identified for MDR and two were ESBL. It can be explained that broiler chicken from wet market should be considered as a source of transmission for MDR and ESBL of E. coli to the public health.
The allometric relationships for estimating above-ground biomass and carbon stock in an abandoned traditional garden in East Kalimantan, Indonesia Karyati Karyati; Kusno Yuli Widiati; Karmini Karmini; Rachmad Mulyadi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220228

Abstract

Abstract. Karyati, Widiati KY, Karmini, Mulyadi R. 2021. The allometric relationships for estimating aboveground biomass and carbon stock in an abandoned traditional garden in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 751-762. The existence of traditional gardens after abandonment process has a role based on ecological and economic aspects. To estimate the biomass and carbon stock in the abandoned traditional gardens, specific allometric equations are required. The aim of this study was to develop allometric equations to estimate biomass of plant parts (leaf, branch, trunk, and aboveground biomass (AGB)) through tree dimensions variables (diameter at breast height (DBH), total tree height, and tree bole height). The relationships between stem biomass, AGB and tree dimensions were very strong indicated by the relatively high adjusted R2 value. The moderately strong relationships were shown between branch biomass and tree dimensions, meanwhile, the relationship between leaf biomass and tree dimensions was very weak. The specific allometric equations for estimating biomass and carbon stocks that are suitable for tree species and/or forest stands at a particular site are very useful for calculating the carbon stocks and sequestration. The appropriate biomass and carbon stock calculation are needed to determine policies related to global climate change.
Potential analysis of location, socio-culture and biodiversity as ecotourism attraction in Valentine Bay on Buano Island, West Seram, Maluku, Indonesia Martha E. Siahaya; Paulus Matius; Marlon I Aipassa; Yaya Rayadin; Yosep Ruslim; HENDRIK S.E.S. APONNO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220154

Abstract

Abstract. Siahaya ME, Matius P, Aipassa MI, Rayadin Y, Ruslim Y, Aponno HSES. 2021. Potential analysis of location, socio-culture and biodiversity as ecotourism attraction in Valentine Bay on Buano Island, West Seram, Maluku, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 438-448. This study aims to analyze the potential of flora and fauna in the mangrove ecosystem as an attraction for ecotourism development, knowing the role of stakeholders in supporting ecotourism development strategies in the mangrove area of Valentine Bay in Buano island, West Seram, Maluku (Moluccas), Indonesia. Based on the results of the study, it was found that (i) The mangrove vegetation had 28 species of plants under 19 families. Vegetation at the level of seedlings, saplings, and trees was found, the dominant species being Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Xylocarpus granatum. The diversity of animals in the Valentine Bay mangrove ecosystem consist of birds, insects, reptiles, mollusks, crustaceans, echinoderms, fish, and mammals. Furthermore, there was an endemic fauna of Buano island, namely the Kehicap buano/black-chinned monarch bird (Symposiachrus boanensis) which has started to become rare, and was declared as critically endangered (CR) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources; (ii) Stakeholder involvement in ecotourism activities were very supportive; (iii) Development strategies were to develop ecotourism, promote ecotourism attractiveness, develop educational tourism and promote study on the diversity of flora, fauna, culture, and traditional customs on Buano island.
Genetic diversity in seedling populations of Dipterocarpus gracilis in Kecubung Ulolanang Nature Conservation Reserve, Indonesia Nesty Pratiwi Romadini; Sapto Indrioko; Widiyatno WIDIYATNO; Eny Faridah; Yeni Widyana Nurchahyani Ratnaningrum
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220308

Abstract

Abstract. Romadini NP, Indrioko S, Widiyatno, Faridah E, Ratnaningrum YWN. 2021. Genetic diversity in seedling populations of Dipterocarpus gracilis in Kecubung Ulolanang Nature Conservation Reserve, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1138-1145. Dipterocarpus gracilis Blume is one of the native Dipterocarpus species in Java Island, Indonesia. It has commercial value as timber (wood) and non-timber forest products (oleoresin). This species has been considered vulnerable following the Red List of Threatened Species criteria by The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). We aimed to study the genetic diversity and genetic structure of seedlings as the natural regenerating population of Dipterocarpus gracilis Blume in The Kecubung Ulolanang Nature Conservation Reserve, Batang District, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The D. gracilis population in this area is distributed in four zones. We observed a total of 137 juvenile seedlings representing all the zones. Isozyme markers detected the genetic diversity of D. gracilis by peroxidase (PRX), esterase (EST), and acid phosphatase (ACP) enzymes. The mean observed heterozygosity of all the zones was lower (HO=0.078) than expected heterozygosity (HE=0.203). Genetic depletion occurred because of genetic drifts and founder effects due to low parental diversity. The genetic structure of seedlings is similar to the consequence of inbreeding. We conclude that the genetic diversity of D. gracilis decreases when mature trees are reduced. This population has essential values ??in Java Island and should be a priority evaluation in the in-situ and ex-situ conservation of genetic resources.
Vegetation diversity and structure of urban parks in Cilegon City, Indonesia, and local residents’ perception of its function MUHLISIN MUHLISIN; JOHAN ISKANDAR; BUDHI GUNAWAN; MARTHA FANI CAHYANDITO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 7 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220706

Abstract

Abstract. Muhlisin, Iskandar J, Gunawan B, Cahyandito MF. 2021. Vegetation diversity and structure of urban parks in Cilegon City, Indonesia, and local residents’ perception of its function. Biodiversitas 22: 2589-2603. The existence of urban parks is very essential for cities because they provide ecosystem services and benefits to humans. Diversity and structure of vegetation in urban parks play significant role in delivering several functions of ecosystem services. This paper aims to explore and analyze the vegetation diversity and structure, as well as ecosystem services of eight urban parks in Cilegon City, Banten Province, Indonesia. Vegetation analysis and residents’ perception are also conducted in this research. The analysis of vegetation is focused on horizontal structure of vegetation, including plant diversity, plant habitus, the original distribution of the plants, and vertical structure of vegetation (canopy stratification and vegetation profile). The residents’ perceptions are collected using interviews of selected respondents. The identification of vegetation recorded 114 plant species from 46 families are found in the concerned urban parks, however, the diversity and species richness in these parks tended to be low. The vegetation communities are uncertain and dominated primarily by non-native and invasive species. The canopy stratification is relatively homogeneous with the dominant plants having less than one meter in height, such as Ruellia simplex and Syzygium paniculatum. The vegetation planted in the urban parks are mostly ornamental plants that provide much more aesthetic function rather than ecological purpose, daily human needs, or other ecosystem services. This fact shows that urban parks in the study area have only few ecosystem services, hence they need some improvements in order to have more environmental services and to be able to enjoy more by the community.
Birds in the west coast of South Kalimantan, Indonesia Maulana Khalid Riefani; Mochamad Arief Soendjoto
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220134

Abstract

Abstract. Riefani MK, Soendjoto MA. 2021. Birds in the west coast of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 278-287. There is no comprehensive data on birds in the west coast of South Kalimantan, yet the areas are pressured by human activities, especially the rapidly growing tourism. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of bird species that occurred in the west coast of South Kalimantan and to compare the similarities of bird communities across four villages used as the sampling sites, i.e. Sungai Rasau, Sungai Bakau, Tabanio, and Pagatan Besar. Transect method combined with concentration count method were used to record diurnal bird species and number of individuals in five replications from April to September 2020. The observation area was 100 m from the shoreline toward the sea and 400 m from the shoreline toward the inland along 2 km with observation time was 07.00-11.00 and 16.00-19.00. Shannon Wienner species diversity index (H'), a Dice community similarity index based on the presence or absence of species (ISD), and a community similarity index (modification) based on the number of individuals per species (ISM) were analyzed. In total, there are 101 bird species recorded belonging to 41 families with Sungai Bakau Village has the highest number of species (81 species), while Pagatan Besar Village is the lowest (62 species). Thirty-four species are categorized as waterbirds. Twenty-three species are categorized as migratory birds. In terms of diversity index from highest to lowest are Sungai Bakau (4.04), Sungai Rasau (3.95), Pagatan Besar (3.65), and Tabanio (3.48). The similarity of the ISD community ranges from 0.74-0.84, while the ISM ranges from 0.73-0.90. One case (Sungai Bakau - Tabanio) shows that community similarity based on the number of individuals per species is smaller than based on the presence or absence of species. Based on the protection status following Indonesian government regulation, most (84.16%) birds are categorized as unprotected, while based on the conservation status of IUCN, the majority (91.09%) are Least Concern. The results of this study can be used as baseline information for sustainable management of the area in various aspects, including future research (such as on pest and disease control), tourism (such as bird watching), and education (such as field guide).
Genetic Analysis and Pathogenic Characterization of Alternaria tenuissima Induced Fruit Rot of Bitter Gourd SEHRISH IFTIKHAR; WAHEED ANWAR; Adnan Akhter; SAJID ALI; HAFIZ AZHAR ALI KHAN; MUHAMMAD KHURSHID; MUHAMMAD SALEEM HAIDER
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220213

Abstract

Abstract. Iftikhar S, Anwar W, Akhter A, Ali S, Khan HAA, Khurshid M, Haider MS. 2021. Genetic analysis and pathogenic characterization of Alternaria tenuissima induced fruit rot of bitter gourd. Biodiversitas 22: 617-625. Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia Linn.), belongs to Cucurbitaceae family, is widely cultivated in areas with warm climate. In 2017, fruits of bitter gourd-bearing rot symptoms were observed in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The disease-causing fungal isolate was collected from the diseased fruits on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Microscopic examination revealed short conidiophores arose singly, measuring 79.8- 158.5 ?m long and 3.94-7.89 ?m thick. The size of conidia varied from 25.7 to 46.45 ?m and 8.55-14.39 ?m in length and width respectively, which were characteristics of Alternaria spp. To confirm the identity and molecular characterization of the isolate, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF1-?), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and RNA polymerase II large subunit 2 (RPB2) genes were amplified. The sequence analysis of amplicons and phylogenetic studies specified the homology of isolated Alternaria spp. with the previously reported A. tenuissima in GeneBank. The pathogenicity tests conducted on the fruits of bitter gourd confirmed the disease development with typical Alternaria induced rot symptoms, thus satisfied Koch's postulate. To our knowledge, this is the first record of A. tenuissima causing fruit rot of bitter gourd in Pakistan.

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