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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,315 Documents
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Physiological and ultrastructural studies of Jatropha curcas and Reutealis trisperma in response to gold-mine tailings DAVINA NATHANIA PRASETYA; HAMIM HAMIM; YOHANA CAECILIA SULISTYANINGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230721

Abstract

Abstract. Prasetya DN, Hamim, Sulistyaningsih YC. 2022. Physiological and ultrastructural studies of Jatropha curcas and Reutealis trisperma in response to gold-mine tailings. Biodiversitas 23: 3471-3479. Heavy metal contamination through tailings from mining pollutes the environment and harms human health. This study aimed to analyze physiological, especially ultrastructural changes and the photosynthetic activities of Jatropha curcas and Reutealis trisperma in response to gold mine tailings. J. curcas and R. trisperma were grown in 8 kg of polybags and treated with 0%, 50%, and 100% gold mine tailings for three months before examining their morphological, physiological, and leaf ultrastructure. The results showed that gold mine tailings with 50% and 100% concentrations affected the growth of both species. This was indicated by reduced plant height, total leaf number, shoot, root dry weight, and decreased chlorophyll and carotenoid content. Furthermore, treatment of gold mine tailing at 50% and 100% induced lipid peroxidation, indicated by the significant increase in leaf malondialdehyde content. The photosynthetic and transpiration rates at 90 days after treatment decreased with the increase in gold mine tailings concentration. The leaf ultrastructure analysis showed high-level tailings of treatment-induced ultrastructure alteration of J. curcasand R. trisperma. However, these changes did not significantly affect the photosynthesis rate, hence the plants survived until the end of the observation period. The overall effect of tailings on R. trisperma was lower than on J. curcas, suggesting that R. trisperma had higher adaptability than J. curcas.
Genetic stability of melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Meloni) based on inter-simple sequence repeat and phenotypic characteristics ADIB FAKHRUDDIN YUSUF; WIKO ARIF WIBOWO; BUDI SETIADI DARYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230631

Abstract

Abstract. Yusuf AF, Wibowo WA, Daryono BS. 2022. Genetic stability of melon (Cucumis melo L. cv. Meloni) based on inter-simple sequence repeat and phenotypic characteristics. Biodiversitas 23: 3042-3049.A new cultivar must have a character that follows the official criteria of distinctness, uniformity, and stability (DUS) as required for the grant of Plant Breeder Rights and official cultivar registration. Meloni is a new cultivar resulting from plant breeding by the Genetics and Breeding Laboratory of the Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Legality is needed in the form of plant variety protection (PVT)to protect the intellectual rights of researchers. Therefore, this study aims to identify morphological characters according to official criteria and validate molecular feelings by using molecular markers Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat. The results of morphological characterization showed that the distinctive character of the Meloni cultivar lies in the oval shape of the fruit, the skin of the fruit is creamy with a smooth texture without the net, and the flesh of the fruit is orange with a sweet taste. The differences in morphological characters of the Meloni cultivar cultivated at two locations differ in fruit weight, flesh thickness, fruit shelf life, and harvest age. Molecular identification resulted in a low similarity in the phenetic relationship, namely 35% against Sonya cultivars and 51% against Kirani and Kinanti cultivars. The Meloni cultivar's stability and uniformity analysis between the two locations (Bandung, West Java, and Sleman, Yogyakarta) yielded 76%. The difference in cultivation locations did not affect the level of stability and genetic uniformity of the Meloni cultivar.
Karyomorphological delineation, and the NOR loci on the sex chromosome in three species of Chrysopeleinid (Chrysopeleinae: Colubridae) from Thailand NATTASUDA DONBUNDIT; PHICHAYA BAUSRIYOD; ALONGKLOD TANOMTONG; NATTAPONG SRISAMOOT; MONTRI SUMONTHA; WEERA THONGNETR; ISARA PATAWANG; WEERAYUTH SUPIWONG; SUKHONTHIP DITCHAROEN; NAWARAT MUANGLEN; PUNTIVAR KAEWMAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230758

Abstract

Abstract. Donbundit N, Bausriyod P, Tanomtong A, Srisamoot N, Sumontha M, Thongnetr W, Patawang I, Supiwong W, Ditcharoen S, Muanglen N, Kaewmad P. 2022. Karyomorphological delineation, and the NOR loci on the sex chromosome in three species of Chrysopeleinid (Chrysopeleinae: Colubridae) from Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 3813-3819. The description of chromosomal characteristics of three snakes from Thailand namely, Ahaetulla fusca, A. prasina, and Chrysopelea ornata was by using conventional staining and Ag-NOR banding techniques. The results showed that the same diploid chromosome number (2n) = 36 (16 macrochromosomes + 20 microchromosomes) and the fundamental number (NF) was 54 while the karyotype formulae in these three species are as follows: A. fusca; 2n(36) = Lm6 + Sm2+ Ssm4 + Sa2+ ZZ/ZW + 20 microchromosomes, A. prasina; 2n(36) = Lm6+ Sm6+ Sa2+ ZZ/ZW + 20 microchromosomes and C. ornata; 2n(36) = Lm4+ Lsm2+ Sm2 + Ssm4+ Sa2+ ZZ/ZW + 20 microchromosomes. Besides, the ZZ/ZW sex chromosome was observed in all species, whereas C. ornata was discovered the heteromorphic sex chromosome for the first time. Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) are located on telomeric region of one pair in all species, while located on microchromosomes in A. fusca and A. prasina, whereas C. ornata was detected on sex chromosomes. Therefore, the Z chromosome revealed the NOR on the telomeric region of the long arm, while NOR of the W chromosome was located on the telomeric region of the short arm.
Assessment of state of Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Orchidaceae) populations from the Altai mountains of Kazakhstan Aidar Sumbembayev; Zhuldyz Tergenbaeva; Gulmira Kudabayeva; Rimma Tashmetova; Yulia Genievskaya; Dariusz Szlachetko
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230903

Abstract

Abstract. Sumbembayev AA, Tergenbaeva ZHT, Kudabayeva GM, Tashmetova RS, Genievskaya YA, Szlachetko DL. 2022. Title. Biodiversitas 23: 4385-4399. The article presents the results of studying the current state of populations of a rare species - Dactylorhiza fuchsii in the Kazakhstan Altai. As a result of expeditionary studies, four main regions were identified, which were represented by 12 populations. Floristic plasticity according to the Jaccard coefficient (12-24%) showed a high heterogeneity of the studied populations. The cluster population dendrogram showed a clear dependence of the floristic composition of accompanying species on geographic location in terms of species similarity and difference of communities. External similarity was studied according to 10 morphometric features. The PCA analysis shows that the external structure is influenced by vertical zoning. Pearson's correlation analysis showed a stable direct and inverse dependence of morphometric characteristics on some environmental conditions (0.74-0.95). According to the data ANOVA disperse analysis, among studied environmental factors, soil nutrient richness (N) and humidity (F) had demonstrated the broadest significant effects (P-values from < 2e-16 to 0.001 for N and from 8.02e-09 to 0.02 for F) on plants morphology influencing eight out of ten morphological traits. Distribution regions of D. fuchsii have low vitality, and most populations are characterized as depressed. The results harmoniously complement the fundamental research on the state of D. fuchsii populations throughout the distribution range of the species.
Spatial model of forest area designation and function based on multi-criteria in dry land and mangrove forest ecosystems, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia AKHBAR AKHBAR; NAHARUDDIN NAHARUDDIN; IDA ARIANINGSIH; MISRAH MISRAH; RAHMAT KURNIADI AKHBAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230739

Abstract

Abstract. Akhbar, Naharuddin, Arianingsih I, Misrah, Akhbar RK. 2022. Spatial model of forest area designation and function based on multi-criteria in dry land and mangrove forest ecosystems, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3620-3630. Along with the dynamics of rapid social change and the need for land for economic development, land and climate parameters on changes in the designation and function of forest areas, it is time to integrate with socio-economic parameters and government policies while still paying attention to the condition of existing forest vegetation cover. This study aimed to develop a spatial analysis model of changes in the designation and function of forest areas based on multi-criteria in dry land and mangrove forest ecosystems. The research used a descriptive-spatial method with a multi-criteria-based decision-making technique for changes in the designation and function of forest areas. The data analysis utilizes Geographic Information System. The motivation for the proposed forest area change is the target to be achieved in the multi-criteria decision analysis. This research resulted in a spatial analysis approach that integrates scoring techniques and multi-criteria-based decision-making techniques. In Locus BL_010, a change in the function of forest area can be generated, while in Locus TL_003 a decision is made to change the allocation and function of forest area. The achievement of multi-criteria-based spatial analysis on changes in the designation and function of forest areas is quite flexible in decision making because each proposed motivational target will be achieved if it is in accordance with the established criteria and field facts.
The insights of smallholder farmers on special attributes of the genetically robust mule TAKELE TAYE DESTA; HAIMANOT TEKLEMARIAM; TEWODROS MULUGETA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230732

Abstract

Abstract. Desta TT, Teklemariam H, Mulugeta T. 2022. The insight of smallholder farmers on special attributes of the genetically robust mule. Biodiversitas 23: 3561-3566. A mule (Equus asinus X Equus caballus) is the offspring of a jack, a mature male donkey, and a mare, a mature female horse. Mule is the artifact of distant hybridization, and interspecific breeding has endowed mule with appreciable hardiness. In the history of humans, mule breeding represents a novel undying, and successful traditional biotechnology. This qualitative study reports the advantages and disadvantages of using mules as working and riding equid and insights of smallholder farmers on mule’s behavior and robustness. For most of the socio-economically important traits reported mule surpasses both the parental species, donkey and horse. This superiority is most likely associated with the genetic robustness of mules aroused from interspecific hybridization. It was reported that a mare mule is more intelligent, and quite the opposite, it is more aggressive than its male counterpart. Presumably, X-inactivation in distant hybrid animals like mules possessing heterologous X-chromosomes is suppressed; consequently, some of the X-chromosome genes might be escaped the inactivation process which makes the mare mule produce more of the protein products and surpass its male counterpart. The general sterility of mare mule may have also made it to invest virtually none in the costly task, nurturing of offspring. Mule's sterility and aggression make some of the community members develop negative insights. Regardless of this, the mule is highly appreciated for the various services it deliverstothe rural community.
Assessment of in vitro activities and chemical profiling of Senecio hoggariensis growing in Algerian Sahara YASMINE ARAB; BIHTER SAHIN; OZGUR CEYLAN; AMAR ZELLAGUI; OZGE TOKUL OLMEZ; SELCUK KUCUKAYDIN; ALFRED NGENGE TAMFU; MEHMET OZTURK; NOUREDDINE GHERRAF
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230724

Abstract

Abstract. Arab Y, Sahin B, Ceylan O, Zellagui A, Olmez OT, Kucukaydin S, Tamfu AN, Ozturk M, Gherraf N. 2022. Assessment of in vitro activities and chemical profiling of Senecio hoggariensis growing in Algerian Sahara. Biodiversitas 23: 3498-3506. The in vitro antioxidant, anticholinesterase, tyrosinase inhibitory, antibiofilm, and anti-quorum sensing activities of the ethyl acetate extract of Senecio hoggariensis,growing in Algerian Sahara, were studied along with its chemical constituents using HPLC-DAD. The chromatographic analysisunveiled seven phenolic compounds, including p-coumaric acid as a major component. Additionally, the extract showed moderate DPPH radical scavenging activity, compared to known standards. At 200 ?g/mL, the extract disclosed equitable acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyryl-cholinesterase (BChE) and tyrosinase inhibition rates with respective values of 37.01±1.48%, 18.87±4.18% and 45.99±1.81%. Likewise, the extract exhibited a good antibiofilm activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10239 biofilm production with an inhibition ratio of 59.56±0.40%, at 50µg/mL. The anti-quorum sensing by QS-regulated violacein pigment production inhibition test was determined using Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 and CV12472. The swarming motility inhibition assay was determined using Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01. It is evident from the findings that Senecio hoggariensis could be considered potential antioxidant, anti-QS, and antibiofilm compounds. However, the origin of anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing activities of the ethyl acetate extract could be revealed by further studies on the mechanism of action of active compounds that can be isolated via activity-guided fractionation.
Isolation of indigenous microorganisms from the liquid produced by the bioprocess of corn straw as direct fed microbials DIDIN SUPRIAT TASRIPIN; ENDAH YUNIARTI; BAMBANG KHOLIQ MUTAQIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230718

Abstract

Abstract. Tasripin DS, Yuniarti E, Mutaqin BK. 2022. Isolation of indigenous microorganisms from the liquid produced by the bioprocess of corn straw as direct fed microbials. Biodiversitas 23: 3452-3456. Digestion of ruminants is highly dependent on microbial activity of rumen. Rumen microbes are responsible for degrading food nutrients into simpler components that can be easily utilized by the body. In order to improve the rumen ecosystem, the Direct Fed Microbials (DFM) was added. The addition of DFM to feed can be in the form of a mixture of several beneficial microbes (such as from the group of bacteria, yeast, and fungi) for the body of livestock. This group of microorganisms can be obtained from the results of the bioprocess of bioprocessed materials such as corn straw. In order to obtain the right microorganisms to be used as DFM, it is necessary to isolate the results of the bioprocess. The analysis was carried out by purification of indigenous microorganisms from the bioprocess of corn straw. Microbial purification can be done by isolation of microbes on agar media such as Nutrient Agar, MRS, and PDA by incubation to obtain a single cell. The results showed that isolation of the liquid from the bioprocess of corn straw was obtained in the form of Coccus and Bacilli which included gram-positive bacteria which were found to be dominant after incubation and microbial staining.
Herpetofauna distribution in different land cover types of West Java, Indonesia ERRI NOVIAR MEGANTARA; JIRJIZ JAUHAN; SYA SYA SHANIDA; TEGUH HUSODO; DERRI ACHMAD FAUZI; RANDI HENDRAWAN; INDRI WULANDARI; YUANSAH YUANSAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230626

Abstract

Abstract. Megantara EN, Jauhan J, Shanida SS, Husodo T, Fauzi DA, Hendrawan R, Wulandari I, Yuansah. 2022. Herpetofauna distribution in different land cover types of West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2990-2999. Herpetofauna is very sensitive and can be used as a biodiversity indicator. Herpetofauna can experience environmental stress due to agricultural activities, tourism, and other disturbances that result in habitat loss. Herpetofauna can be found on various land covers, such as natural forests and human-modified land. This study revealed species associated with natural forests, human-modified land, and both. This study aims to investigate: 1) herpetofauna distribution based on land cover types and 2) the disturbance that threatens the herpetofauna habitat in West Java. Visual Encounter Survey combination with the Auditory Encounter Survey, was applied in this study. The result of this study, the species were found in the natural forest (53 species), human-modified land (63 species), and crater (2 species). Thirty-nine species were found both in the natural forest and human-modified land. The habitat disturbance potentially threatens the species, such as land clearing (it will affect the microclimate of land cover), roadkill, infrastructure development, and tourism activities.
Range of host plants, spatial distribution, and insect predator of Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) as an emerging pest of cassava plants in Bali, Indonesia I Wayan Supartha; Dwi Widaningsih; I Wayan Susila; I Kadek Wisma Yudha; I Wayan Eka Karya Utama; Putu Angga Wiradana
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 6 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230629

Abstract

Abstract. Supartha IW, Widaningsih D, Susila IW, Yudha IKW, Utama IWEK, Wiradana PA. 2022. Range of host plants, spatial distribution, and insect predator of Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) as an emerging pest of cassava plants in Bali. Biodiversitas 23: 3022-3030. The cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a very destructive pest in cassava farming in Indonesia. The insect has already made its way into Indonesia, where it has attacked cassava plants with indications of a bunchy top, which may cause plant death. The objectives of this study were to 1) discover and identify an invasive pest of cassava mealybug pest, P. manihoti, that attacks cassava plants in Bali; 2) map the distribution and abundance of these pest species populations on cassava plants in Bali; 3) describe the structure of the pest population in cassava plantations in Bali; 4) identify the dominant factors that influence the population structure of P. manihoti in Bali, and 5) evaluate the predator fauna in regulating the population. The findings revealed that the mealybug species that attacked cassava in Bali was P. manihoti, an exotic species that had never been published earlier. With a high population abundance, the pest has spread far and effectively overall in regencies/cities in Bali Province. In all regency/city regions, the population structure of P. manihoti was dominated by age groups of instar-1 and two nymphs, with the exception of the Buleleng Regency, which was dominated by age groups of nymphs instar 3 and 4. The nature of polyphagy and cosmopolite features that are readily adaptable to the environment and host plant variables, farming pattern, temperature and rainfall factors were the key factors impacting the population structure of P. manihoti in the field. Cryptolaemus montrouzieri, Chrysoperla carnea, and Scymnus sp. were discovered to have a role in managing P. manihoti populations in the field. The predator fauna community is structurally diverse, abundant, and has a low dominance. Cryptolaemus montrouzieri was the most dominant of the three producer species in the field. These results indicate that there is a positive potential shown by predatory mealybugs in the field and can be used as an initial model by related parties in formulating policies related to controlling insect pests of cassava plants.

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