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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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In vitro characterization of UB Forest (Malang, Indonesia) indigenous bacteria as plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) LUQMAN QURATA AINI; IRISA TRIANTI; SHOLIKAH WIDYANITTA RACHMAWATI; ANTON MEILUS PUTRA; NABILLA ALYA ANASTASYA; ADI SETIAWAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240837

Abstract

Abstract. Aini LQ, Trianti I, Rachmawati SW, Putra AM, Anastasya NA, Setiawan A. 2023. In vitro characterization of UB Forest (Malang, Indonesia) indigenous bacteria as plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). Biodiversitas 24: 4558-4565. UB Forest, an educational forest of Universitas Brawijaya in Malang, East Java, has a mega-biodiversity of microbial germplasm. Previously, we obtained several UB Forest indigenous bacterial isolates and tested them on various plant commodities. However, the comprehensive characterization of the bacteria to produce IAA hormone, to overcome biotic and abiotic stresses as well as their potency as biofertilizers in vitro has not been carried out yet. In this study, we conducted in vitro assays to elucidate the potency of UB Forest indigenous bacterial isolates as Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). The molecular identification showed that the bacterial strains were dominated by the Pseudomonads, namely Pseudomonas versuta UB-36, P. aeruginosa UB-52, P. lundensis UB-53, P. migulae UB-54, and P. koreensis UB-62. Other strains were Enterococcus gallinarum UB-55 and Lysinibacillus fusiformis UB-64. Of the 7 bacterial strains, only 3 could inhibit Xanthomonas campestris. All bacterial strains were able to produce IAA, whereas five bacteria can solubilize phosphate, six bacteria can fix nitrogen, and four bacteria have both activities. All bacterial strains can grow at pH 5-6, salinity 5-15%, temperature 60°C, and 15% polyethylene glycol (PEG) drought stress media. The results suggested that the UB Forest indigenous bacterial strains have a role as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and are expected to support the growth of plants grown under biotic and abiotic stress conditions.
Bioremediation potential of rhizosphere bacterial consortium in lead (Pb) contaminated rice plants MOHAMMAD UBAIDILLAH; NURHALIZA THAMRIN; FADIA INTAN CAHYANI; DINA FITRIYAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240838

Abstract

Abstract. Ubaidillah M, Thamrin N, Cahyani FI, Fitriyah D. 2023. Bioremediation potential of rhizosphere bacterial consortium in lead (Pb) contaminated rice plants. Biodiversitas 24: 4566-4571. Lead (Pb) is one of the toxic heavy metals detected in various chemical fertilizers and pesticides used in Indonesia. These chemicals can increase plant lead (Pb) accumulation and affect other organisms through its circulation with food chain. Excess amounts of Pb in soil may be remediated using different approaches such as bioremediation. Rhizosphere bacteria can be used as bioremediation agents to reduce Pb accumulation in plants and also increase plant growth. Actinomycetes, Azotobacter sp., Azospirillum sp., Rhizobium sp., Pseudomonas sp., Lactobacillus sp., Bacillus sp., and Streptomyces sp. are some of the several bacteria that can reduce lead (Pb) accumulation in plants by the ability to sequester Pb, change its oxidation state, or enable Pb to precipitate. This research was conducted to determine the ability of the rhizosphere bacterial consortium to prevent lead (Pb) accumulation in rice plants. This study confirmed that the application of rhizosphere bacterial consortium to rice plants contaminated with lead (Pb) can reduce the plant's lead (Pb) content by up to 45%. The use of a bacterial consortium did not significantly affect the growth parameters of the plant but increased root length by 41%, fresh weight by 32%, dry weight by 26%, and chlorophyll content by 25%, in rice plants contaminated with Pb.
Probiotics potential of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Slender Walking Catfish (Clarias nieuhofii) RAHMAD LINGGA; SUDIRMAN ADIBRATA; OCCA ROANISCA; SIPRIYADI SIPRIYADI; RISKY HADI WIBOWO; AHMAD ARSYADI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240839

Abstract

Abstract. Lingga R, Adibrata S, Roanisca O, Sipriyadi, Wibowo RH, Arsyadi. 2023. Probiotics potential of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Slender Walking Catfish (Clarias nieuhofii). Biodiversitas 24: 4572-4580. Probiotics are living microorganisms or bioactive agents that positively impact animal digestion. They have successfully isolated from various sources. Recently, we isolated and characterized lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from slender walking fish (Clarias nieuhofii Valenciennes, 1840). The fish sample was obtained from Batu Rusa and Paya Benua Rivers in Bangka Island, Indonesia. LAB was isolated from the fish intestine using the pour plate method. The isolated LAB was then characterized based on their phenotypic traits, biochemical properties, and the 16S rRNA gene identification. The chosen isolates were tested to determine their ability to produce lactic acid, hemolytic and antibacterial activity, and antibiotic resistance. All isolates have the characteristic of rod-shaped and short rod-shaped cells with Gram-positive properties. Isolate KP1 showed the number of populations (2.89 x 107 CFU/mL) and lactic acid production with a concentration of 1.85%. All isolates exhibited no hemolysis activity and displayed sensitivity to antibiotics. The twelve lactic acid bacteria formed clear zones against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The results of the 16S rRNA gene identification indicated that isolates KB4, KB7, KB8, and KP1 belong to Lactobacillus vaginalis, Lactobacillus fermentum, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, and Levilactobacillus brevis, respectively. Lactic acid bacteria isolated from slender walking fish exhibited potential probiotic traits.
Reproductive performance of Belgian Blue and Wagyu cross cows YUSNI KHAIRANI TAMPUBOLON; ALI AGUS; TETY HARTATIK; SIGIT BINTARA; ISMAYA ISMAYA; BUDI PRASETYO WIDYOBROTO; I GEDE SUPARTA BUDISATRIA; PASCAL LEROY; NICOLAS ANTOINE-MOUSSIAUX; PANJONO PANJONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241017

Abstract

Abstract. Tampubolon YK, Agus A, Hartatik T, Bintara S, Ismaya, Widyobroto BP, Budisatria IGS, Leroy P, Antoine-Moussiaux N, Panjono. 2023. Reproductive performance of Belgian Blue and Wagyu cross cows. Biodiversitas 24: 5352-5358. Double-Muscle (DM) cattle have been used in cattle breeding programs to increase body weight. This research aims to determine the reproductive performance of using DM cattle. Currently, cattle are produced from a cross between two breeds, namely Belgian Blue (BB) cross (50% BB, 50% BX) and Wagyu cross (50% Wagyu, 50% BX). Natural mating was carried out on nine BB cross cows mated with Wagyu cross bulls and nine Wagyu cross cows bred with BB cross cows. After calving, the cows were raised together with their calves for six months prior to weaning. The collected data were analyzed using One-Way analysis of variance. Calving Interval (CI), Cow Reproductivity Index (CRI), calf weaning weight, and Cow Productivity Index (CPI) of BB and Wagyu cross cows were 426.00±24.92 and 411.55±37.52 days, 0.86±0.05 and 0.89±0.08 head/year, 175.53±24.50 and 121.19±19.80 kg, and 148.46±24.61 and 102.41±20.84 kg/year, respectively. There was no significant difference in the CI and CRI between crosses. However, the weaning weight of BB cross calves was higher (p<0.05) than that of Wagyu cross calves, whereas the CPI of BB cross cows was higher (p<0.01) than that of Wagyu cross cows. It was concluded that the best reproductive performance was the BB cross, which had DM blood.
Morphological characteristics and variability of traditional starch forming coix (Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen) populations from Mindanao Island, Philippines SANCHO G. BON; GERLIE P. ANTESCO; ELMER E. ENICOLA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 8 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240819

Abstract

Abstract. Bon SG, Antesco GP, Enicola EE. 2023. Morphological characteristics and variability of traditional starch forming coix (Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen populations from Mindanao Island, Philippines. Biodiversitas 24: 4382-4391. Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen (Rom.Caill.) Stapf) is an underutilized crop in the Philippines with high potential. Characterization and elucidation of the available variability among the local adlay populations are essential information for its improvement and better utilization. The study aimed to characterize the qualitative morphological traits of 34 traditional adlay populations from Mindanao Provinces and assess diversity by the Shannon Index and similarity by multivariate clustering. Results showed that all populations shared the same morphotypes in five descriptors but were variable for the rest. Six populations showed intense leaf anthocyanin coloration, and 23 expressed upright growth habits. Three types of leaf blade colors were observed, while the intensity of anthocyanin coloration of culms was expressed in four types. Most populations had semi-pubescent or highly pubescent leaves, generally intermediate leaf orientation and non-glaucous leaves. Immature grains were generally light green but expressed four color types at maturity, mostly circular with furrows on the surface. Diversity Indices (H') ranged from low to high. Leaf blade pubescence, anthocyanin coloration of culm, and mature grain color had high H' values. Cluster analysis showed that the variability was narrow, where overall clustering achieved 0.50 similarity. At 0.65 similarity, three groups can be derived with three populations as outliers. Clustering can be attributed to the differences in seedling color, anthocyanin coloration, plant growth habit, immature grain color, mature grain color, and shape. The study established the morphological description of the qualitative traits of traditional Philippine adlay and assessed diversity to be generally intermediate, where populations can be clustered into subgroups according to the degree of morphotype similarities. Clustering, however, was not related to provenances. It is recommended to conduct further geographic germplasm sampling, marker-based characterization, and agronomic evaluation to dissect further the genetic diversity and crop potential of the local adlay populations.
Description of the termite genus Prohamitermes (Termitinae) with new characters from the Leuser Ecosystem, Sumatra, Indonesia SAMSUL MUARRIF; SAMADI SAMADI; JAUHARLINA JAUHARLINA; SYAUKANI SYAUKANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 11 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241133

Abstract

Abstract. Muarrif S, Samadi S, Jauharlina J, Syaukani S. 2023. Description of the termite genus Prohamitermes (Termitinae) with new characters from the Leuser Ecosystem, Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 6119-6125. Prohamitermes is a termite genus that belongs to the subfamily Termitinae, alongside 61 other genera, within the family Termitidae. Termitidae, comprising 70% of all termite species, is the most prominent family in Isoptera. However, limited information about this Prohamitermes genus is available. Consequently, researchers and experts in the field have encountered challenges in acquiring comprehensive knowledge about the genus due to the need for more relevant literature. This paucity of information needs to improve our understanding of its characteristics, behavior, and ecological significance. Therefore, describing Prohamitermes is necessary to taxonomically identify termites from the subfamily Termitinae. This comprehensive study was meticulously conducted within the pristine Leuser Ecosystem (LE), employing a rigorously standardized transect protocol specifically developed to ensure accurate termite analysis. The genus is characterized by certain features present in its head capsule. Firstly, the shape of the front in a lateral view is a distinguishing characteristic, followed by the shape of the lateral sides (left and right) of the head capsule as observed from a dorsal view. While previous journals have described this termite genus based on the shape of its labrum and mandibles, this article focuses on the shape of its head capsule, specifically the front and lateral head capsule. Additionally, the article discusses the ecology of Prohamitermes. The morphological description presented in this study is expected to contribute to termite research, particularly in termite taxonomy and control.
Relationship analysis based on phytochemical contents among coffee pulp from three coffee species collected in Southern Thailand and Jambi, Indonesia YUDITHIA MAXISELLY; HARIS MAULANA; AMORNRAT CHUMTHONG; RAWEE CHIARAWIPA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241026

Abstract

Abstract. Maxiselly Y, Maulana H, Chumthong A, Chiarawipa R. 2023. Relationship analysis based on phytochemical contents among coffee pulp from three coffee species collected in Southern Thailand and Jambi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5439-5445. Coffee pulp is part of the coffee cherry, except for the seed, and has many benefits for human health. The research aimed to analyze phytochemical contents and the relationship among the coffee pulp of three coffee species: Coffea arabica (Arabica), Coffea canephora (Robusta), and Coffea liberica (Liberica), collected in southern Thailand and Jambi, Indonesia. The coffee pulp of Arabica from Indonesia dominated in three variables: antioxidant activity (67.37±11.83 mg/100g DW), tannin (40.71 ±3.52 mg/100g DW), and phenolic (50.47±5.43 mg/100g DW). Robusta coffee pulp from Thailand contained a lower value of all phytochemical components. However, the coffee pulp of Liberica from Thailand had the highest value for flavonoid content (18.19±0.95 mg/100g DW) and saponin content (0.77±0.09 g/100g DW) among the three species in both countries. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) also supports the result, which shows connectivity among antioxidant activity, tannin, and phenolic to Arabica from Indonesia, with flavonoid and saponin to Liberica from Thailand. These results indicate both the species and the environment influenced the phytochemical compositions of coffee pulp. Thus, Indonesia may benefit from developing more Arabica and Robusta coffee pulp products, while Thailand may benefit from creating the Liberica coffee pulp product.
Ammonium enrichment reduces the diversity and changes the composition of ammonia-oxidizing microbial communities in agricultural soil media SHERLY ASNATH SAUKOLY; VINCENTIA IRENE MEITINIARTI; RULLY ADI NUGROHO; AGNA SULIS KRAVE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250302

Abstract

Abstract. Saukoly SA, Meitiniarti VI, Nugroho RA, Krave AS. 2024. Ammonium enrichment reduces the diversity and changes the composition of ammonia-oxidizing microbial communities in agricultural soil media. Biodiversitas 25: 916-923. Nitrification is the process of ammonium oxidation to form nitrites and nitrates. Ammonium availability in the soil is one of the factors influencing the activity, abundance, and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOM). This study aimed to determine the effect of enriching a soil media with different ammonium concentrations on the abundance and diversity of AOM as well as the potential for nitrification. Soil as the media was prepared from an agricultural land receiving cow dung sewage. The media was then placed in the microcosms, and was added to a nitrification medium containing ammonium at three levels; 0 (control soil), 200 (low ammonium-enriched soil), and 500 mg L-1 (high ammonium-enriched soil). The microcosms were further incubated for 42 days at room temperature. The nitrification potential determination was based on the formation of nitrite from ammonium oxidation. The abundance of AOM and the potential nitrification were measured every 14-day interval, including day 0 as the initial condition. The AOM composition was analyzed based on the similarity level of the amoA gene sequence to the NCBI BLAST GenBank database. However, this analysis was only conducted for the control and high ammonium-enriched soil. This study indicated that ammonium enrichment increased the nitrification activity and the abundance of AOM, but it decreased the diversity of AOM communities. There were positive correlations between nitrification and nitrate potential, as well as between ammonium content and AOM abundance. Negative correlations appeared between pH and nitrification potential, nitrate concentrations, ammonium concentrations, and MPN. The diversity of ammonium-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in the control soil was higher than in the high ammonium-enriched soil. The enrichment with ammonium also changed the AOA composition. The Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus oleophilus strain of the MY3 chromosome was the most dominant archaea in the control and high ammonium-enriched soil. This implies that the high diversity of AOA in this soil may be beneficial for further use of the soil as a source for inocula in the development of nitrifiers-based biofertilizers.
Molecular identification of peacock bass (Cichla ocellaris) from the Bedog River, Yogyakarta, Indonesia SAPTO ANDRIYONO; HIMAWAN AKHMAD; MD. JOBAIDUL ALAM; NINA NURMAULINA DEWI; LAILATUL LUTFIYAH; SUCIYONO SUCIYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260408

Abstract

Abstract. Andriyono S, Akhmad H, Alam MJ, Dewi NN, Lutfiyah L, Suciyono. 2025. Molecular identification of peacock bass (Cichla ocellaris) from the Bedog River, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 1565-1572. The introduction of non-native fish species can lead to the establishment of invasive species groups that pose environmental threats and contribute to biodiversity loss. The primary aim of this study was the precise molecular identification of specific Cichla spp. from the Bedog River in Yogyakarta. Seven Cichla fish samples were collected from the Bedog River (upstream and downstream area) from August to October 2020 using a fish net. The cytochrome C Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene region serves as the basis for species identification, with comparisons made against the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. In this study, the primers used in PCR were Universal Fish BCL-BCH primers. The PCR results were followed by sequencing using the Sanger platform. Of the seven samples procured from the Bedog River, all unequivocally indicated the presence of the Cichla species, identified explicitly as Cichla ocellaris (99.68-100% similarity to reference NC030272). Furthermore, upon phylogenetic tree construction, these sequences consistently clustered with C. ocellaris and Cichla temensis sequences. Nevertheless, discerning characteristics of the color pattern align more closely with C. ocellaris. The identification of non-native species in the Bedog River underscores the imperative for vigilant monitoring of fish introductions to avert potential harm to indigenous fish populations. The predatory nature of C. ocellaris raises concerns about its capacity to exert pressure on local fish populations, potentially culminating in its invasive establishment—a phenomenon with deleterious implications for tropical fish biodiversity in Indonesia. DNA Barcode applications are essential in supporting the provision of accurate data and in preventing the illegal spread of non-native fish.
Carrying capacity of mangrove ecotourism area in Pantai Indah Kapuk, North Jakarta, Indonesia KEVIN EWALDO; MAHAWAN KARUNIASA; NOVERITA DIAN TAKARINA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 10 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241063

Abstract

Abstract. Ewaldo K, Karuniasa M, Takarina ND. 2023. Carrying capacity of mangrove ecotourism area in Pantai Indah Kapuk, North Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 5809-5820. Mangroves are crucial in providing various ecological and economic benefits to local communities. This study focuses on the economic aspect of mangroves by analyzing their potential as a tourist attraction in the Mangrove Ecotourism, Pantai Indah Kapuk (PIK). The objective of this study is to analyze the carrying capacity of the mangroves as a tourist attraction to ensure sustainable tourism development. The study was conducted in the Mangrove Ecotourism area, Pantai Indah Kapuk, from January to March 2023, utilizing a quantitative approach. The carrying capacity of the mangrove ecosystem was assessed using the Physical Carrying Capacity (PCC), Real Carrying Capacity (RCC), and Effective Carrying Capacity (ECC) methods. The calculated values for PCC, RCC, and ECC were 107, 16, and 313 visitors/day, respectively. The analysis revealed that the number of visitors at the PIK Mangrove Ecotourism in 2022 had exceeded the PCC and RCC limits, indicating potential ecological impacts. However, the number of visitors had remained within the ECC limits, suggesting that with proper management, the site could accommodate the current visitor levels sustainably. To achieve long-term sustainability, several initiatives are recommended, such as creating zoning in tourist areas to distribute visitor pressure, increasing the number of field officers to monitor the site, and implementing an online ordering system to manage visitor flow efficiently. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the carrying capacity concept in ecotourism and provide valuable insights for the management and conservation of mangrove ecosystems as tourist attractions.

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