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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Tropical gastropod density and diversity in the mangrove forest of Totobo Village, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia MUHAMMAD FAJAR PURNAMA; SLAMET B. PRAYITNO; MAX R. MUSKANANFOLA; SURYANTI SURYANTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250436

Abstract

Abstract. Purnama MF, Prayitno SB, Muskananfola MR, Suryanti. 2024. Tropical gastropod density and diversity in the mangrove forest of Totobo Village, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1663-1675. The mangrove ecosystem of Totobo Village, Southeast Sulawesi, is a habitat for various species of edible and economically important gastropods. This research aims to determine mangrove gastropods' density and ecological index (diversity). This research was carried out from June to September 2023 in the mangrove ecosystem of Totobo. This research adopts purposive sampling and systematic random sampling techniques to determine stations and place the distribution of sampling points (sub-stations). The gastropod sample collection was done using the handpicking method or manually. More than 34 species of gastropods (14 families and 24 genera) were found in the mangrove ecosystem of Totobo. The diversity index (H' = 3.07) of gastropods in the Totobo mangrove ecosystem is directly proportional to the species richness value (R = 4.43), which is in the high category. The evenness index is in the medium category (E = 0.89), and the dominance index (C) has a value of 0.01, meaning no dominance of a particular species. The condition described is a representation of a system of homeostasis or environmental balance that is currently being maintained. This directly impacts the optimal biological activity (physiology) of the gastropod community and other aquatic organisms in the mangrove ecosystem (estuary) of Totobo Village.
Exploring meiofaunal assemblages in Pujada Bay, Philippines: A glimpse into one of the world's most beautiful bays CIRILO O. YBAÑEZ JR.
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250511

Abstract

Abstract. Ybañez JR CO. 2024. Exploring meiofaunal assemblages in Pujada Bay, Philippines: A glimpse into one of the world's most beautiful bays. Biodiversitas 25: 1946-1954. This study explores the meiofaunal communities within Pujada Bay's intertidal zone, Philippines, meticulously recording 18,193 individuals across 18 taxa. Differences in composition and abundance across sites were observed, with conservation efforts at Guang-guang yielding higher densities (4,613 ind/10 cm-2) compared to less-managed sites such as Magsaysay (928 ind/10 cm-2) and Badas (1,438 ind/10 cm-2). Furthermore, Macambol, distant from direct threats, exhibited notable densities (4,483 ind/10 cm-2), indicating the importance of geographic isolation in ecosystem preservation. Dominant taxa include Nematoda (41%), Copepoda (28%), Foraminifera (22%), and Polychaeta (5%), underscoring their ecological significance in Pujada Bay's meiofaunal community. These findings highlight the efficacy of conservation measures in fostering resilient meiofaunal communities, where management strategies and geographic location play vital roles in biodiversity preservation. This research offers valuable insights into the ecological dynamics of Pujada Bay, emphasizing the indispensable role of conservation in maintaining biodiversity. By elucidating meiofaunal dynamics, this study advances our understanding of the local marine ecosystem and lays the groundwork for broader discussions on marine conservation strategies. Pujada Bay, considered one of the most beautiful bays in the world, exemplifies the delicate balance between human activities and the imperative of preserving biodiversity in marine environments.
The importance of riparian vegetation in maintaining spring water quality in Yeh Penet Watershed, Bali, Indonesia FEBRI ARIF CAHYO WIBOWO; ARISKA DWI PRAMUDYA ARISKA DWI PRAMUDYA; TATAG MUTTAQIN; MOCHAMMAD NICKO AGUNG PANGESTU
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250523

Abstract

Abstract. Wibowo FAC, Pramudya AD, Muttaqin T, Pangestu MNA. 2024. The importance of riparian vegetation in maintaining spring water quality in Yeh Penet watershed, Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2051-2062. Water quality changes along with population growth and human activities. Riparian ecosystems play an important role in maintaining water quality since riparian vegetation have a complex root system which acts as a filter of toxic substances to not enter the spring water. This research analyzes the relationship between riparian vegetation and water quality at five springs in the bamboo rehabilitation area of the Environment Bamboo Foundation (YBLL) in the Yeh Penet Watershed, Bali, Indonesia. At each spring, vegetation analysis was carried out to determine the diversity and composition of riparian vegetation, as well as water quality assessment based on bio-physiochemical parameters. The result of vegetation analysis found that spring 1 was dominated by Equisetum hyemale, spring 2 by Diplazium esculentum, spring 3 by Digitaria longiflora and springs 4 and 5 by Musa paradisiaca. The analysis of bio-physicochemical parameters showed that the water from the five springs was suitable for consumption, but it needs to be heated to a temperature of ±100°C before consuming it due to the presence of coli bacteria. Riparian vegetation diversity had a strong relationship with water quality parameters especially Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) values, Ammonia (NH3), and total coliform. Our findings confirm the importance of riparian vegetation in maintaining water quality in water springs within a watershed.
Performance and yield stability of cayenne peppers (Capsicum frutescens) in multilocation trials in the Indonesian lowlands TRI WAHONO DYAH AYU SAYEKTI; MUHAMAD SYUKUR; SRI HENDRASTUTI HIDAYAT; AWANG MAHARIJAYA; SOBIR SOBIR; KARLIN AGUSTINA; EVRIANI MAREZA; ANUNG WAHYUDI; BAMBANG SUPRIYANTA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250722

Abstract

Abstract. Sayekti TWDA, Syukur M, Hidayat SH, Maharijaya A, Sobir, Agustina K, Mareza E, Wahyudi A, Supriyanta B. 2024. Performance and yield stability of cayenne peppers (Capsicum frutescens) in multilocation trials in the Indonesian lowlands. Biodiversitas 25: 3008-3017. Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) plant breeding is becoming an increasingly interesting topic due to various usages. The diversity of uses of chilies needs to be balanced with high production and good product quality so that it can meet market needs. This experiment aimed to evaluate the performance and plant diversity of eight elite lines and six commercial varieties of cayenne pepper (C. frutescens) in three different environments. The development of location-specific superior genotypes can be guided to create varieties suited to the targeted environment. This study was conducted in three locations (environments) namely “Lampung”, “Yogyakarta” and “Palembang”. The experiment was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for each location. Analysis of yield stability was conducted using three methods, namely “Francis-Kanneberg”, “Finlay-Wilkinson” and “AMMI” methods. Among the three locations, the Lampung location experienced a very significant yield loss. This is thought to be due to disease attacks on the plantations. Some genotypes are more suitable for planting at one of the test locations compared to the other two locations. However, there are two genotypes that are stable at three locations based on the three analysis methods used. Genotypes "F1.323340" and "F1.285290” were observed to be stable and produced well at all test locations. Both genotypes can be recommended for planting in lowland environment.
Population of Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) at several habitat conditions in Jambi Province, Indonesia FEVI MAWADHAH PUTRI; AHMAD SYUKRON PRASAJA; PUTRA TRI KURNIAWAN; YULI SULISTYA FITRIANA; SIGIT WIANTORO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250948

Abstract

Abstract. Putri FM, Prasaja AS, Kurniawan PT, Fitriana YS, Wiantoro S. 2024. Population of Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) at several habitat conditions in Jambi Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3254-3262. The Long-Tailed Macaque (LTM; Macaca fascicularis (Raffles, 1821)) plays a crucial role in forest regeneration through seed dispersal. However, recent ecological shifts have impacted their survival, pushing them to expand into human settlements. This study aims to investigate the current LTM population across various habitats in Jambi Province. Data on the number, gender, age, sex ratio, population density, and habitat conditions were collected. Sampling was conducted at sites previously reported for LTM-human conflicts and potential harvesting areas. The study employed point counts at 12 locations and line transects at 2 locations across five administrative regions. The results indicated a higher female-to-male ratio, with the largest population of LTMs (n = 923) found at PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) VI Bunut, followed by the Berbak River (n = 740). The smallest populations were observed at Mendalo Darat (n = 74) and Talang Bakung (n = 76). The line transect method was employed to estimate the population density at PTPN VI Bunut, resulting in approximately 0.742 individuals per hectare, translating to an estimated population of 3,436 individuals. At Muaro Jambi Temple, the density was approximately 0.826 individuals per hectare, with an estimated population of 1,884. Habitat-type Watersheds had the highest average number of individuals (713.5), followed by agricultural land (407.33), indicating that these habitats have a high carrying capacity for Long-tailed Macaques due to the availability of water and food. One limitation of this study is the single-instance sampling in 2023, which underscores the need for further research to capture population dynamics fully. The urgency and importance of this topic cannot be overstated.
Molecular detection of hlyF gene on multidrug resistance of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from ducks on wet markets of Surabaya, Indonesia IRFAN ALIAS KENDEK; MARIANA FEBRILIANTI RESILINDA PUTRI; FRESHINTA JELLIA WIBISONO; MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI; WIWIEK TYASNINGSIH; EMMANUEL NNABUIKE UGBO; NNABUIFE BERNARD AGUMAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250341

Abstract

Abstract. Kendek IA, Putri MFR, Wibisono FJ, Effendi MH, Tyasningsih W, Ugbo EN, Agumah NB. 2024. Molecular detection of hlyF gene on multidrug resistance of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from ducks on wet markets of Surabaya, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1246-1252. Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a strain of pathogen that can cause colibacillosis in poultry, including ducks worldwide. This disease can be influenced by various virulence genes, one of which is the hlyF gene which can cause systemic disorders and potentially become zoonotic in poultry. This study aimed to detect the hlyF virulence gene from the multidrug resistance (MDR) properties of Escherichia coli originating from 158 duck cloacal swab samples from seven live markets in Surabaya. Samples were isolated and identified using Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA) and MacConkey Agar (MCA) media, Gram staining, and then continued with biochemical tests of Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA), Simmons Citrate Agar (SCA), Sulfide Indole Motility (SIM), Methyl red (MR) and Voges-Proskauer (VP). Samples were tested for MDR properties and continued with confirmation of the hlyF virulence gene using PCR. Based on the results of this study, it showed that 85% (134/158) were positive for Escherichia coli. Escherichia coli bacteria experienced resistance to the antibiotic erythromycin 96% (129/134), ciprofloxacin 16% (22/134), antibiotics gentamicin 15% (20/134), aztreonam 4.4% (6/134) and chloramphenicol 3% (5/58). The MDR test results in this study were 15% (20/134), while the PCR test results for the hlyF gene were 60% (12/20). Therefore, Escherichia coli was found to have the hlyF virulence gene, an MDR in Escherichia coli bacteria at the Surabaya live market. Furthermore, APEC strains with the hlyF gene, an MDR, potentially affect public health.
Molecular detection and hematological profile of Trypanosoma evansi in livestock NILA QUDSIYATI; RADEN WISNU NURCAHYO; DWI PRIYOWIDODO; SOEDARMANTO INDARJULIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250937

Abstract

Abstract. Qudsiyati N, Nurcahyo RW, Priyowidodo D, Indarjulianto S. 2024. Molecular detection and hematological profile of Trypanosoma evansi in livestock. Biodiversitas 25: 3154-3159. Trypanosoma evansi, which assaults a variety of hosts and is found around the world, and is the causative agent of Surra sickness. The greatest Surra outbreak occurred in Indonesia in 2010-2012, primarily in Sumba, killing about 2,000 animals. The research purpose is to confirm T. evansi infection in livestock and determine hematological parameters in naturally infected livestock compared to non-infected (control). This study used molecular and parasitological testing techniques to identify Surra illness in the field. The buffy coat technique, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and thin blood smear test are used in the research methodology. Hematological parameters (red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, red cell distribution width, and white blood cell count) were analyzed. According to the PCR results, out of 222 blood samples, only 1 horse blood sample from Sumba shows a positive result for T. evansi. PCR is the most effective diagnostic tool for trypanosomiasis. This was the first time T. evansi DNA was discovered in Konga Loko Hamlet, Karuni Village, Sumba, Indonesia.
The effects of Lactobacillus plantarum addition to robusta coffee (Coffea canephora L.) during wet fermentation YULIANA RENI SWASTI; LAI PENG LEONG; EKAWATI PURWIJANTININGSIH; FRANCISCUS SINUNG PRANATA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250935

Abstract

Abstract. Swasti YR, Leong LP, Purwijantiningsih E, Pranata FS. 2024. The effects of Lactobacillus plantarum addition to robusta coffee (Coffea canephora L.) during wet fermentation. Biodiversitas 25: 3132-3140. Robusta coffee from the slopes of Merapi volcano in Indonesia is processed using a wet fermentation method. Its chemistry compound quality depends on the spontaneous microorganism during wet fermentation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum in increasing the antioxidant activity and reducing the concentration of caffeine and mutagenic compounds during fermentation. After fermentation, the chemical compounds of green and roasted beans were determined. The furfuryl alcohol compound and protein were only analyzed in the roasted beans. Results showed that the addition of L. plantarum was able to alter the Chlorogenic Acid (CGA) concentration of robusta coffee. The concentration of CGA in the unroasted robusta coffee with the addition of L. plantarum after 6-hour of fermentation tends to be higher than in without the addition of L. plantarum, while caffeine concentration was slightly reduced. The CGA in unroasted and roasted coffee with 12-hour fermentation period resulted in the highest radical ABTS scavenging capacity. Moreover, caffeine in unroasted and roasted coffee with 6-hour fermentation period showed high radical ABTS scavenging capacity. The furfuryl alcohol content tends to be stable.
The traditional ecological knowledge of the local people of Cijambu Village, Sumedang, Indonesia, on the diversity, utilization, management, and conservation of bamboo MUHAMMAD IHSAN; BUDI IRAWAN; JOHAN ISKANDAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250446

Abstract

Abstract. Ihsan M, Irawan B, Iskandar J. 2024. The traditional ecological knowledge of the local people of Cijambu Village, Sumedang, Indonesia, on the diversity, utilization, management, and conservation of bamboo. Biodiversitas 25: 1754-1770. Bamboos have been known to play an important role in the socio-economic, cultural, and ecological benefits of rural people in West Java. However, many bamboo gardens have been converted to other land-use types, including commercial vegetable gardens. The study aimed to record local people's Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) in Cijambu, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia, regarding the diversity, utilization, management, and conservation of ethnobotany and bamboo. The mixed method, combining approaches with an ethnobotanical perspective, was employed in this study through semi-structured and structured interviews with informants. The study results showed a diversity of bamboo landraces with six types of bamboo identified by the community: Awi Tali (Gigantochloa apus), Awi Gombong/Awi Surat (Gigantochloa verticillata), Awi Temen (Gigantochloa atter), Awi Bitung (Dendrocalamus asper), Haur Héjo (Bambusa vulgaris var. vulgaris), and Haur Konéng (Bambusa vulgaris var. striata). Bamboo has 41 uses: 3 ecological uses, 32 economic uses, and 6 socio-cultural uses. Bamboo management involves maintaining and transforming bamboo gardens into mixed gardens, combining vegetables and coffee plants to increase income. Community conservation efforts involve selective logging to ensure the sustainability and regeneration of bamboo. The conservation process is influenced by cultural beliefs and myths, such as refraining from cutting or taking bamboo on Fridays. Bamboo people believe in Tolak Bala, which uses Haur Konéng bamboo.
Identification and validation of reference genes for gene expression study using Quantitative Real-Time PCR in shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) based on bulb development phase ENDANG SULISTYANINGSIH; WIDHI DYAH SAWITRI; VALENTINA DWI SUCI HANDAYANI; ADDIN WAHYU WICAKSONO; CLARENCIA MARGARETH SILALAHI; RUDI HARI MURTI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250634

Abstract

Abstract. Sulistyaningsih E, Sawitri WD, Handayani VDS, Wicaksono AW, Silalahi CM, Murti RH. 2024. Identification and validation of reference genes for gene expression study using Quantitative Real-Time PCR in shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) based on bulb development phase. Biodiversitas 25: 2645-2651. Shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) is cultivated vegetatively using bulbs (produce many bulbs) and generatively using TSS (True Seed of Shallot) which tends to produce single bulbs. Bulb aggregation is influenced by activity of genes and the gene expression could be analyzed using quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). The qRT-PCR analysis requires reference gene data (housekeeping gene) as a comparison gene against our target gene. This study aimed to select and validate three housekeeping genes in shallot as an initial study for qRT-PCR analysis. The research flow began with the preparation of shallot 'TukTuk' leaves and bulb samples in bulb formation from bulb initial phase to mature phase. Furthermore, a specific primer design based on actin, tubulin, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene sequences were obtained from gene bank data. The results showed that the actin, tubulin, and GAPDH genes were successfully amplified and the products were 142 bp, 116 bp, and 136 bp in size, respectively and the genes were expressed almost constantly in leaves and bulbs in all phases of bulb formation. The tubulin gene had the potential as a reference gene for qRT-PCR analysis in shallot with the most consistently expressed.

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