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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
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Review: The effect of climate change on the distribution pattern of small pelagic fish around the world ALFIRA YUNIAR; MUKTI ZAINUDDIN; RACHMAT HIDAYAT; SITI KHADIJAH SRIOKTOVIANA; SAFRUDDIN SAFRUDDIN; MUZZNEENA AHMAD MUSTAPHA; ST. AISJAH FARHUM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250804

Abstract

Abstract. Yuniar A, Zainuddin M, Hidayat R, Srioktoviana SK, Safruddin, Mustapha MA, Farhum SA. 2024. Review: The effect of climate change on the distribution pattern of small pelagic fish around the world. Biodiversitas 25: 3325-3341. Small pelagic fish populations, which are critical to marine ecosystems and play a crucial part in food availability worldwide, are significantly impacted by climate change. Variations of small pelagic catch could be indicated by indices of climate variability such as AMO (Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation), ENSO (El-Nino Southern Oscillation), IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole), and Monsoon. The purpose of this study was to provide important insight into the relationship of climate variability with the distribution of dominant species of small pelagic fish such as European sardines, mackerel, Decapterus sp., anchovy, and Sardinella sp. from 1974-2022. On average, the temperature optimum of small pelagic fish is generally 28.31±1.97°C, chlorophyll concentration of 0.68±0.37 mg.m-3, and salinity of 31.44±2.40 psu. In North Atlantic Waters, the dynamic migration and abundance of pelagic fish are influenced by the climate variability of AMO tharough the warm phase and cold phase. The impact of ENSO, IOD, and chlorophyll variability affect the distribution pattern and abundance of small pelagic species (mackerel, lemuru, anchovy, indian scad, and sardine) in tropical and subtropical waters. In the context of climate change impacts, the results show that small pelagic fish with a preference for warm temperatures tend to migrate to higher latitudes. Understanding the effect of climate change on the spatial and temporal dynamics of small pelagic fish could help improve the performance of future small pelagic fishing strategies and management around the world.
Short Communication: Carbon stock of mangrove forest in Pantai Sederhana, Bekasi District, West Java, Indonesia IKKA ERNIASARI; ENDANG HERNAWAN; MULYANINGRUM MULYANINGRUM
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250918

Abstract

Abstract. Erniasari I, Hernawan E, Mulyaningrum. 2024. Short Communication: Carbon stock of mangrove forest in Pantai Sederhana, Bekasi District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2974-2980. Mangrove forests play an important role in the carbon cycle because this forest can store greater amounts of carbon than other ecosystems including tropical rainforests. Mangrove forests in Bekasi District, West Java, Indonesia have enormous potential to absorb carbon in this industrial area. In this research, we estimate the aboveground carbon (AGC), belowground carbon (BGC), and soil organic carbon (SOC) of mangrove forest in Pantai Sederhana, Muaragembong Subdistrict, Bekasi District. Carbon estimation of AGC and BGC was carried out using the allometric method, while SOC at four depth intervals (0-15, 15-30, 30-50, and 50-100 cm) was estimated using the LOI (Loss of Ignition) method. There were four mangrove species in Pantai Sederhana, namely Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, Rhizophora apiculata, and Rhizophora mucronata. The total carbon stock was 329.54 Mg.C.ha-1, which was composed by aboveground carbon (114.51 Mg.C.ha-1), belowground carbon (61.46 Mg.C.ha-1) and soil carbon (153.56 Mg.C.ha-1). The largest carbon pool was contributed from soils with 47% of the total carbon stock. The result of this study can be used as the initial information of the importance of the mangrove ecosystem in Bekasi District.
Bioremoval of Pb2+ by Aspergillus niger D1RA, A heavy metal-resistant fungus isolated from an illegal gold mining site RISA NOFIANI; RITA MU’IN; HAFIZAH HAFIZAH; PUJI ARDININGSIH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250822

Abstract

Abstract. Nofiani R, Mu’in R, Hafizah, Ardiningsih P. 2024. Bioremoval of Pb2+ by Aspergillus niger D1RA, A heavy metal-resistant fungus isolated from an illegal gold mining site. Biodiversitas 25: 2504-2511. Heavy metal pollution can cause serious problems for the environment and human health. One of the methods to eliminate this pollution is to use heavy metal-resistant fungi isolated from heavy metal-polluted environments. This study aimed to investigate the ability of heavy metal-resistant fungi to remove Pb2+ in liquid media, Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB). Samples were collected from two locations, namely an abandoned illegal gold mining site and illegal gold mine, Samalantan, Bengkayang District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Each sample was inoculated on two different agar media (PDA= Potato Dextrose Agar and MEA= Malt Extract Agar) supplemented with 7.5 ppm HgCl2. All fungal species that grew on the surface media were isolated, identified (based on spore morphology and Internal Transcribed Spacer [ITS]), evaluated (tolerance index [TI] against Hg2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+), and assessed for their bioaccumulation capacity and Pb2+removal efficiency. Four isolates (Aspergillus sp. OK2A, Aspergillus sp. OEA, Aspergillus sp. OEB and OEC) were successfully isolated from the abandoned illegal gold mine, while only one isolate (Aspergillus niger D1RA) was isolated from the illegal gold mining site. On the eighth day of incubation, the high tolerance level of each fungus to various selected metal concentrations was Aspergillus sp. OK2A in 40 ppm HgCl2 and 300 ppm ZnCl2; Aspergillus sp. OEA in 40 ppm HgCl2 and 1,200 ppm ZnCl2; Aspergillus sp. OEB in 800 ppm Pb(NO3)2; OEC in 20 ppm HgCl2; A. niger D1RA in 40 ppm HgCl2, 1,200 ppm Pb(NO3)2, 300 ppm ZnCl2. Only A. niger D1RA showed a high tolerance for three metals and was further analyzed to determine the bioaccumulation capacity and removal efficiency of Pb2+. The best bioaccumulation capacity and removal efficiency of Pb2+ in PDB medium supplemented with 100 ppm Pb(NO3)2 at pH 4 were 237.776 mg/g dried biomass and 93.266 %, respectively. In conclusion, A. niger D1RA has the potential as a bioremediation agent to remediate Pb2+ environments.
Feeding habits of Gobiopterus brachypterus (Gobiiformes: Oxudercidae) in Ranu Grati Lake, East Java, Indonesia and their relationship with food availability SEPTI ANITASARI; DIANA ARFIATI; SUSILO SUSILO; AGUNG PRAMANA WARIH MARHENDRA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250912

Abstract

Abstract. Anitasari S, Arfiati D, Susilo, Marhendra APW. 2024. Feeding habits of Gobiopterus brachypterus (Gobiiformes: Oxudercidae) in Ranu Grati Lake, East Java, Indonesia and their relationship with food availability. Biodiversitas 25: 2925-2936. Ranu Grati, a volcanic lake located in Pasuruan District, East Java, Indonesia, is home to the endemic Gobiopterus brachypterus (Bleeker 1855) locally known as the lempuk fish. This research aims to elucidate the feeding habits of G. brachypterus and their relationship with food availability in Ranu Grati. The study investigates the food ecology of including their diet composition, habitat preferences, and feeding habits in relation to natural food availability including plankton abundance, relative abundance, uniformity index, dominance index plankton sampling was conducted at five stations by with the samples preserved in formalin and concentrated in the lab for analysis under a microscope. Fish were also collected at these stations using random sampling, dissected in the field, and their digestive tracts were preserved and later examined microscopically to identify the food types down to the lowest taxonomic level. The results reveal that the phytoplankton community in Ranu Grati Lake includes nine classes: Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Coscinodiscophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, Dinophyceae, Zygnematophyceae, Raphidophyceae, and Euglenoidea. The zooplankton community comprises four classes: Monogononta, Copepoda, Branchiopoda, and Tubulinea. Phytoplankton in Ranu Grati Lake exhibit high diversity, with a diversity index of 3.739, and high uniformity, indicated by an evenness index of 0.957, showing no dominance (dominance index: 0.115). In contrast, zooplankton demonstrate moderate diversity (diversity index: 2.528), moderate evenness (evenness index: 0.647), and similarly show no dominance (dominance index: 0.216). The relative lengths of the intestines of G. brachypterus. are 0.163 and 0.132, indicating a carnivorous diet. The index of preponderance values highlights that Bacillaria sp., Oscillatoria sp., Microcystis sp., Oocystis sp., and Volvox sp. are significant dietary components for G. brachypterus, whereas Pinnularia sp., Entomoneis sp., Cymbella sp., Thalassiosira sp. and others contribute minimally or are absent. This highlights the dietary preferences of G. brachypterus. The stomach contents confirm that G. brachypterus exhibit a preference for phytoplankton, demonstrating opportunistic, carnivorous feeding behavior based on the availability of food in their natural environment.
Economic value of forest ecosystems in the Nipa-Nipa Grand Forest Park, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia SAFRIL KASIM; TRI ASTUTI; ABHISHEK AGARWAL; HASDDIN HASDDIN; LA FARIKI; NURDIN SULISTIYONO; LA ODE RUSTAM; NUR ASIZAH; FAJAR SARANANI; AHMAD AHMAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 11 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251129

Abstract

Abstract. Kasim S, Astuti T, Agarwal A, Hasddin, Fariki L, Sulistiyono N, Rustam LO, Asizah N, Saranani F, Ahmad. 2024. Economic value of forest ecosystems in the Nipa-Nipa Grand Forest Park, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 4292-4303. The economic value of ecosystem services is crucial for development planning that prioritizes the sustainability of natural resources. Research aimed at determining the economic value of forest ecosystems is very important. The total economic value of this ecosystem is based on the number of tourist visits, utilization of water resources, and carbon absorption. The research was conducted in the Nipa-Nipa Grand Forest Park, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The research sample was 150 visitors selected using incidental techniques. The main data of the research used surveys and field measurements supported by secondary data. The TEV equation calculates the total economic value of forest ecosystem services. The monetary value of water resource environmental services is based on Household Water Value (NART), EWTP, and TWTP. The value of water resources for agricultural irrigation is calculated using the Water Value for Rice Agricultural Irrigation (NAUT) equation. The carbon absorption value is determined using the Carbon Uptake Value (CAV) equation. The total economic value of environmental services based on the number of visits, utilization of water resources, and carbon absorption capacity is IDR 186,742,287,967 per year or USD 11,694,269.91 per year. This value is equivalent to 40% of the GRDP of the forestry business sector in Southeast Sulawesi Province. Theoretically, this further emphasizes the importance of environmental services in the economy and human survival. Further research should focus on calculating the value of carbon absorption according to vegetation type and carbon stock to see the balance curve.
Analysis of the relationship between the population size of Kalimantan orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) and land cover changes in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia ELISABETH BEWA LODANARITA OPENG; YANTO SANTOSA; I NENGAH SURATI JAYA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250818

Abstract

Abstract. Openg EBL, Santosa Y, Jaya INS. 2024. Analysis of the relationship between the population size of Kalimantan orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) and land cover changes in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3468-3475. Land cover change, a major driver of habitat change, significantly influences the distribution of wildlife species, including the Kalimantan orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus Linnaeus, 1760) in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. This analysis, aimed at quantitatively assessing the relationship between changes in land cover and the population of Kalimantan orangutans in 2014-2019, underscores the urgent need for orangutan conservation. Using data on the population of Kalimantan orangutans and updated Landsat images with land cover data from the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry, we conducted a multiple linear regression analysis to unveil the relationship between the two. The research results from three specific conservation area locations reveal a decrease in the orangutan population in Lamandau, with the largest increase in open land cover types, a trend largely influenced by anthropogenic factors. Conversely, an increase in population was observed in Sebangau, with the largest increase in the swamp land cover type, and population fluctuations occurred in Tanjung Puting, with the largest increase in the open land cover type. The decline in the orangutan population is attributed to anthropogenic factors and natural predators, while the population increase occurs naturally and through orangutan reintroduction activities. The analysis concludes that secondary swamp forests, bushes, and open land cover are closely related to the size of the Kalimantan orangutan population at the research location, thereby highlighting the urgency and concern for orangutan conservation.
Vegetation characteristics of the Javan slow loris habitat in Mount Masigit Kareumbi Protected Area, West Java, Indonesia ANESHA ALLASSELCIDA; ELHAM SUMARGA; SOFIATIN SOFIATIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250823

Abstract

Abstract. Allasselcida A, Sumarga E, Sofiatin. 2024. Vegetation characteristics of the Javan slow loris habitat in Mount Masigit Kareumbi Protected Area, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2512-2520. Habitat loss and degradation are major threats to the conservation of endemic wildlife in Indonesia, owing to the high rates of deforestation over the past decades. Most of these endemic animals are now at risk of extinction. Javan slow loris (Nycticebus javanicus) is a primate endemic to Java Island and is currently classified as critically endangered by the IUCN. This study analyzes four key aspects of the loris' habitat in Mount Masigit Kareumbi Protected Area (MMKPA), West Java: plant diversity, vegetation community structure and composition, plant species as food sources, and canopy density. A vegetation survey was conducted in three research sites using 41 nested plots measuring 20x20 m for trees, 10x10 m for poles and shrubs, 5x5 m for saplings, and 2x2 m for herbaceous plants. Data on plant species, diameter at breast height (DBH), and abundance (number of individuals) were collected within each plot. Forest Canopy Density (FCD) was mapped using Landsat 8 RAW Imagery and Landsat 8 TOA Reflectance Imagery, involving calculating several indices: Advanced Vegetation Index (AVI), Bare Soil Index (BI), Shadow Index (SI), and Thermal Index (TI). This study identified 104 plant species from 40 families across the three studied sites with dominant tree species were Pinus merkusii, Schima wallichii, Actinodaphne procera, Pinanga coronata, Miconia crenata, and various Setaria species. The diversity index at the three locations ranged from 3.02 to 3.41. This study found 35 species, including the dominant tree species, which served as food sources for slow lorises. The primary food sources available to slow lorises are sap (92.4%), followed by fruit (3.9%) and flowers/nectar (3.7%). The results of FCD analysis indicated that 83% of MMKPA has a "high" category, suggesting the presence of a continuous branch network that facilitates the easy movement of Javan slow loris. This information can be used to develop strategies for improve habitat management in the area, such as enriching fruit-bearing crops to increase food diversity.
Determining key mammalian species and food web robustness across different land cover vegetation using network analysis IDUNG RISDIYANTO; YANTO SANTOSA; NYOTO SANTOSO; ARZYANA SUNKAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250738

Abstract

Abstract. Risdiyanto I, Santosa Y, Santoso N, Sunkar A. 2024. Determining key mammalian species and food web robustness across different land cover vegetation using network analysis. Biodiversitas 25: 3175-3190. The ecosystem's food web depicts the intricate energy flow and complex interactions among its diverse organisms. Organisms are not confined to single trophic levels or food chains; they establish multiple food connections with other organisms within the ecosystem. This study aims to identify critical mammalian species and assess the robustness of various ecosystem types, considering the diversity of species presence, through food web analysis. Computational graphic-based network analysis is employed to achieve this goal. Ecosystem types, categorized by their land cover, include plantation/agricultural forests, Bushes and shrubss, forests, and mixed landscapes. Network centrality metrics such as degree, closeness, betweenness, and eigenvector centrality are utilized to evaluate the presence of key species and ecosystem robustness. The relative contribution of mammalian species as connectors and regulators of energy flow in the food web ranges from 8-23% of all nodes involved. Key mammalian species are classified into ecosystem stability and sustainability keys. In Bushes and shrubss ecosystems, key species predominantly consist of mammalian predator species that are crucial for maintaining ecosystem stability through population control. Conversely, in other ecosystems, key species are primarily connectors, ensuring the sustained energy flow. The most resilient food webs are observed in Bushes and shrubss and mixed ecosystems due to their higher biomass growth rates and abundant presence of mammalian species. Utilizing food web analysis can significantly contribute to species and ecosystem conservation efforts by offering a comprehensive understanding of interspecies interactions, food web structures, and ecosystem dynamics.
Ethnobotany of traditional medicine in Akit Tribe, Teluk Setimbul Village, Karimun District, Indonesia TISRIN MAULINA DEWI; WORO SUMARNI; LANGLANG HANDAYANI; MUHIRI MUHIRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250842

Abstract

Abstract. Dewi TM, Sumarni W, Handayani L, Muhiri. 2024. Ethnobotany of traditional medicine in Akit Tribe, Teluk Setimbul Village, Karimun District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2696-2704. The Akit Tribe has long been using indigenous knowledge of medicinal herbs for their purposes. Unfortunately, due to their wasteful lifestyle, lack of written records, and oral transmission of knowledge, the Akit Tribe's native wisdom is today in danger of disappearing. This study aims to document traditional medicinal plants used by the Akit Tribe. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative using a field survey. Informants were selected using the purposive sampling method. The informants interviewed consisted of the main resource person (customary leader), key resource person (shaman), and individuals knowledgeable in the identification and collection of medicinal plants. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews and participatory observations. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative. This study obtained 40 plants from 23 families used for traditional medicine of the Akit Tribe, were with the Zingiberaceae family as the most widely used family (5 species). The parts of the plant used by the Akit Tribe for treatment are leaves, roots, stems, fruits, flakes, rhizomes, and the whole plant with leaves being the most widely used part of the plant (19 species). The way of processing medicinal plants is also still considered simple, processing by boiling and then drinking is the most widely used. This research has significant implications for cultural preservation, biodiversity conservation, pharmacological research, socio-economic development, public health, and education. It serves as a critical step in safeguarding the traditional knowledge of the Akit Tribe while also exploring its potential contributions to wider fields.
Distribution of ESBL-producing and non-ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from sputum specimens in the Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia SUHARTONO SUHARTONO; ZINATUL HAYATI; WILDA MAHDANI; FIRA ANDINI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 7 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250746

Abstract

Abstract. Suhartono S, Hayati Z, Mahdani W, Andini F. 2024. Distribution of ESBL-Producing and Non-ESBL-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from sputum specimens in the Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3247-3254. Klebsiella pneumoniae, a significant nosocomial pathogen, particularly in the case of strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), was the focus of this study. The study aimed to determine the distributions stratified by patients’ age, sex, hospital wards, and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of ESBL and non-ESBL K. pneumoniae isolated from expectorate sputum at Zainoel Abidin General Hospital (RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin), Banda Aceh, Indonesia, from January 2021 to January 2024. The prevalence of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae was 79.84% (103/129 isolates), with the highest incidence found in patients aged >45 years (74.76%) and males (67.96%). The prevalence of non-ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae was 20.16% (26 isolates), with the highest incidence in patients aged >45 years (76.92%) and males (62.23%). The surgical ward had the highest incidence of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae (14.56%), followed by the cardiopulmonary ward (14.56%). The cardiopulmonary ward also had the highest incidence of non-ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae (38.47%). The ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates were more sensitive to amikacin than non-ESBL isolates, while the non-ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime, amikacin, and tobramycin. The increasing prevalence of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae underscores the significance of the study's findings, providing valuable insights into the epidemiology and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of K. pneumoniae in this clinical setting and the importance of reasonable antibiotic use.

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