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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6,269 Documents
 567   568   569   570   571 
Present and future habitat suitability of Mantheyus phuwuanensis under climate change scenario CHANTIP CHUAYNKERN; NUTTAPONG KHAJITMATHEE; RATCHATA PHOCHAYAVANICH; PHANSAMAI PHOMMEXAY; AINGORN CHAIYES; NATHANAËL MAURY; SOMCHIT SUDAVANH; ANCHALEE AOWPHOL; ATTAPOL RUJIRAWAN; SANTI PAILOBLEE; WARONG SUKSAVATE; PRATEEP DUENGKAE; YODCHAIY CHUAYNKERN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260306

Abstract

Abstract. Chuaynkern C, Khajitmathee N, Phochayavanich R, Phommexay P, Chaiyes A, Maury N, Sudavanh S, Aowphol A, Rujirawan A, Pailoblee S, Suksavate W, Duengkae P, Chuaynkern Y. 2025. Present and future habitat suitability of Mantheyus phuwuanensis under climate change scenario. Biodiversitas 26: 1075-1084. The Phu Wua Rock Agama, Mantheyus phuwuanensis, is a diurnal lizard endemic to northeastern Thailand and western Laos, first described in 1991 from Phu Wua Wildlife Sanctuary (northeastern Thailand). Despite being listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN, little is known about its ecological requirements, population dynamics, and the extent of its distribution. This study aims to provide an updated assessment of the species' range and evaluate its habitat suitability under current and future climate scenarios. Field surveys complemented by literature reviews documented 1,994 occurrences of M. phuwuanensis across its range. Using 28 environmental variables, Species Distribution Modeling (SDM) in MaxEnt achieved exceptional predictive accuracy (AUC: 0.993±0.005). Precipitation during the warmest quarter (average 1,519.58±339.04 mm³; range 825-1,855 mm³), distance to unconsolidated sediments (average 6.09±7.51 km; range 0-16.70 km), and slope (average 7.26±2.64 degrees; range 0.24-11.97o) were identified as the primary environmental factors influencing habitat suitability. Current suitable habitats were estimated at 2,715.90 km², primarily concentrated in Laos. Projections for 2050 and 2070 under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 climate scenarios revealed alarming habitat reductions of 65.93-88.87%, highlighting the species’ high sensitivity to climate change. Conservation measures are urgently needed to mitigate these impacts. We recommend designating M. phuwuanensis as a protected animal under Thai law and upgrading its CITES status to Appendix III to combat potential overexploitation. Future conservation strategies should prioritize habitat protection, ecological restoration, and cross-border collaboration between Thailand and Laos. These findings offer crucial insights into the vulnerability of M. phuwuanensis and underscore the importance of integrating habitat management with regional conservation efforts.
Plant growth modeling in six landraces of Bambara groundnut seed production (Vigna subterranea) ASTRYANI ROSYAD; SATRIYAS ILYAS; ABDUL QADIR; M. RAHMAD SUHARTANTO; DIDY SOPANDIE
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260508

Abstract

Abstract. Rosyad A, Ilyas S, Qadir A, Suhartanto MR, Sopandie D. 2025. Plant growth modeling in six landraces of Bambara groundnut seed production (Vigna subterranea). Biodiversitas 26: 2097-2105. The unavailability of high-quality seeds, low productivity, and lack of information on ecophysiological responses are the major problems in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) seed production. In this context, agro-climate components influencing plant growth include solar radiation and temperature. These components are quantified in the form of a plant model to influence growth through metabolic processes. A dynamic model is used as a solution to the problem. Therefore, this research aimed to create a dynamic model for the seed production of six Bambara groundnut landraces and to study the physiological processes related to yield. The stages in the model construction included (i) identifying system components, (ii) model construction, (iii) simulation, and (iv) validation. The ecophysiological reaction of plants to temperature and solar radiation in photosynthesis and respiration was constructed using the growth model. Model construction used the STELLA software.  Each landrace has different input components at each stage of development, including the carbohydrate partition coefficient, specific leaf area, extinction coefficient, and light usage efficiency. Simulated seed productivity on Tasikmalaya, Sukabumi, Sumedang, Small Sumedang, Bogor, and Gresik landrace was 2,115 kg ha-1, 2,263 kg ha-1, 1,975 kg ha-1, 1,890 kg ha-1, 2,179 kg ha-1, and 1,975 kg ha-1, respectively. The level of validity of the Tasikmalaya landrace, Sukabumi, Sumedang, Small Sumedang, Bogor, and Gresik growth model reached 82.4%, 82.4%, 94.1%, 82.4%, 88.2%, and 82.4%, respectively. These models are considered fit as the validity is greater than 80%. The seed production growth model with pod dry weight output was named 'The BAMSeed Model'. In practice, this model could benefit the researchers in predicting the yield of bambara groundnut using the selected system components.
Forest edge effects on medicinal plants diversity in lowland forest in Gunung Tilu, West Java, Indonesia NINA HERLINA; IMAM WIDHIONO; ELLY PROKLAMASININGSIH; EMING SUDIANA; IING NASIHIN; NURDIN NURDIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260630

Abstract

Abstract. Herlina N, Widhiono I, Proklamaningsih E, Sudiana E, Nasihin I, Nurdin. 2025. Forest edge effects on medicinal plants diversity in lowland forest in Gunung Tilu, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 2873-2881. Forest edge effect is an ecological phenomenon that affects diversity of medicinal plants in the border area between forest edge and the interior. Gunung Tilu in West Java, Indonesia, is a lowland forest area with abundant natural resource potential, but the surrounding communities often use various resources in the form of wood and non-wood forest products, specifically medicinal plants which might cause edge effect. This study aims to analyze the diversity of medicinal plants and determine the effect of forest edges on the diversity of medicinal plants on the northern slopes and western slopes in the Gunung Tilu forest area. Line transect method was used to collect medicinal plant data. Sampling was done by making plots to analyze the composition, dominant species, diversity index, evenness index, and community similarity index. Furthermore, environmental variables such as temperature, humidity, sunlight intensity and soil pH were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The results showed that there were 89 species of medicinal plants classified into 41 families. The families with the largest number of medicinal plants came from the Asteraceae and Moraceae families. On the western slope, the understory, seedling, pole, and tree levels did not experience significant composition at various distance, but at the sapling level, changes occurred at a distance of 260 meters. On the northern slope, there were different variations in edge depth at each growth level where in understory, seedlings, and saplings, the edge depth reached up to 260 meters, while at the pole level, changes occurred at a distance of 240 meters and trees at 120 meters. This shows that tree communities adapt more quickly to environmental condition in the forest compared to other stages.
DNA barcoding of bats from two selected forest reserves in Peninsular Malaysia SAIDATUL NUR HANIM ABDUL MALEK; IZZATI ADILAH AZMIR; NUR JULIANI SHAFIE; YUZINE ESA; WAN NURHAYATI WAN HANAFI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260628

Abstract

Abstract. Abdul Malek SNH, Azmir IA, Shafie NJ, Esa Y, Hanafi WNW. 2025. DNA barcoding of bats from two selected forest reserves in Peninsular Malaysia. Biodiversitas 26: 2843-2856. Bats (order Chiroptera) are notable for their species diversity and a variety of distinct characteristics. However, as several molecular studies have shown, morphological similarities in some taxa of this group can result in neglected diversity. DNA barcodes can help by providing an accurate, rapid, and effective method of species recognition. In this study, we used DNA barcoding to identify bats captured from two selected regions in Peninsular Malaysia: Kenyir, Terengganu and Taman Alam Liar Negeri Kenaboi (TALNK), Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan. DNA barcoding analysis was performed on 38 bat specimens to further verify the species identification of the captured bats from morphological characteristics. The COI gene (603-604 bp) was successfully sequenced from the 38 bat species, representing 3 families, 5 genera, and 15 species. The phylogenies of NJ, ML, and Bayesian methods resulted in most of the specimens of the same species being clustered together. According to the IUCN Red List, Rhinolophus trifoliatus is listed as Near Threatened (NT), whereas 14 species were listed as Least Concern (LC). The findings reported in this study confirm the usefulness of DNA barcoding to identify bat species and to measure bat diversity in Kenyir and TALNK forest reserves. Improving habitat conservation in forest reserves is necessary to guard against the disruption and extinction of bat species.
Reproductive characteristics of Keudawah (Rasbora arundinata (Lumbantobing, 2014)): Insights into a native species of Krueng Lanca River, Nagan Raya District, Aceh Province, Indonesia MU’AMAR ABDAN; SULISTIONO SULISTIONO; MOHAMMAD MUKHLIS KAMAL; ALI MASHAR; NURLISA ALIAS BUTET
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260347

Abstract

Abstract. Abdan M, Sulistiono, Kamal MM, Mashar A, Butet NA. 2025. Reproductive characteristics of Keudawah (Rasbora arundinata, Lumbantobing 2014): Insights into a native species of Krueng Lanca River, Nagan Raya District, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 1451-1463. Keudawah (Rasbora arundinata (Lumbantobing, 2014)) is a freshwater fish native to Indonesia, particularly found in the waters of Nagan Raya. Understanding its reproductive biology is crucial for developing sustainable management and conservation strategies. Given this importance, this study aimed to assess the spawning season, sex ratio, Gonadal Maturity Stage (GMS), size at first gonadal maturity (LM50), and fecundity of R. arundinata in the Krueng Lanca River, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted from January to December 2023 at six stations selected based on habitat characteristics and local fishermen’s recommendations. Fish were caught using gill nets with mesh sizes of 0.5 and 1.0 inches, as well as throw nets with a 6-meter diameter and a 0.5-inch mesh size during monthly sampling. The collected specimens were measured for total length and weighed, after which their gonads were analyzed to determine maturity stage, Gonadosomatic Index (GSI), and fecundity. The size at first gonadal maturity (LM50) was estimated using the Spearman-Karber method. A total of 2,225 specimens were collected, comprising 1,162 males and 1,063 females, with size distributions ranging from 34 to 121 mm (males) and 46 to 135 mm (females). The length-weight relationship is expressed as W = 8.17E-05L2.55 (R² = 0.88), while in females, it follows the equation W = 8.17E-05L2.11 (R² = 0.89). The results indicated that the sex ratio was slightly male-biased, averaging 1.09:1 (M:F). The LM50 was estimated at 86.98 mm for males, with a Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) of 6.96%-9.10%, and 94.77 mm for females, with a GSI of 10.30%-12.61%. Fecundity of R. arundinata ranged from 1,156 to 2,090 oocytes. The findings suggest that R. arundinata exhibits year-round reproductive activity, with peak spawning occurring in April and September. These insights are valuable for conservation planning and provide a foundation for future aquaculture development.
Plant diversity and their importance for conservation in Don Pa Puei Sacred Forest, Si Chiang Mai District, Nong Khai, Thailand NATNAREE MANEEWONG; RATCHATA POCHAYAVANICH; NUTCHANAT PHONKERD; SURAPON SAENSOUK; NARUMOL PIWPUAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260334

Abstract

Abstract. Maneewong N, Pochayavanich R, Phonkerd N, Saensouk S, Piwpuan N. 2025. Plant diversity and their importance for conservation in Don Pa Puei Sacred Forest, Si Chiang Mai District, Nong Khai, Thailand. Biodiversitas 26: 1343-1354. The plant's diversity, traditional utilizations, and the importance of their conservation status in Don Pa Puei Sacred Forest in Ban Mo Village, Si Chiang Mai District, Nong Khai Province, Thailand, were studied from February 2023 to March 2024. Species richness data were surveyed along the nature trails and walkways around the forest. Plant specimens were collected, and their photos were recorded. Quantitative data of tree species were gathered in five randomly placed plots (20×20 m2). Diversity indices, including Shannon-Weiner's diversity index (H'), evenness index (J'), Important Value Index (IVI), Relative Density (RD), Relative Frequency (RF), and Relative Dominance (RDo) were calculated. A total of 36 families, 62 genera, and 65 species were identified. Tree species represented the highest proportion (49.23%) among all habit types. The Arecaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Leguminosae families each had the highest number of species (4). The H' and J' indices for tree species were 1.93 and 0.73, respectively. Lagerstroemia calyculata had the highest IVI value (78.65%). Four species, Afzelia xylocarpa, Dipterocarpus alatus, Hopea odorata, and Shorea roxburghii are threatened according to IUCN Red List. Capparis pyrifolia is considered as a rare species according to the threatened plants in Thailand checklist. Fifteen species (23.07%) out of 65 had traditional uses by local people, and 19 species (29.23%) have the potential for medicinal uses. The eradication of invasive species, management of climbers, and protection of the area from land-use changes are urgently needed for the conservation of the forest's biodiversity; this treasure demands our utmost respect and protection.
Cellulolytic bacteria from Coptotermes curvignathus termite gut isolated from coastal area of Bengkulu, Indonesia DWITA OKTIARNI; LUSIANA LUSIANA; ANDRIAN MARSUGANDA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 7 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260717

Abstract

Abstract. Oktiarni D, Lusiana, Marsuganda A. 2025. Cellulolytic bacteria from Coptotermes curvignathus termite gut isolated from coastal area of Bengkulu, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 3252-3261. The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into bioethanol addresses both renewable energy production and waste management challenges on a global scale. Utilizing diverse types of biomass is particularly advantageous, as lignocellulosic biomass is not a food source for humans and offers an economically viable alternative for waste processing while also enhancing bioethanol production. As highly social insects, termites degrade cellulosic biomass into glucose with the aid of cellulolytic enzymes produced by bacteria residing in their guts. This research aimed to isolate cellulolytic bacteria suitable for hydrolyzing cellulose biomass into glucose for bioethanol production. Cellulolytic bacteria were isolated from the guts of Coptotermes curvignathus (Holmgren, 1913) termites collected in the coastal area of Bengkulu, a region known for its abundant termite populations. The isolated bacteria were characterized and analyzed using biomolecular assays. The identification of cellulolytic bacterial species was performed through biomolecular techniques, by using the PCR method. Eight isolates of cellulolytic gut bacteria were obtained, and showed cellulolytic activity. The PCR results revealed that the cellulolytic bacteria belonged to the species Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis. Eight isolates of cellulolytic gut bacteria that obtained, have potential as a source of microbial cellulases for use in hydrolyzing cellulosic biomass into ethanol production.
Assessing the economic value of a seagrass ecosystem in Southern Cebu, Philippines JAN AXEL B. INOCENTES; KHERSTINE D. ESCALANTE; ANGELINE I. GINOO; GODWIN T. PRADO; GRACIELA MAE L. UY; ARABELLE E. JUSTOL; JANEYLYN L. FERNANDEZ; JELYN O. GACANG; CATHERINE D. LACORTE; SYLVESTER T. CORTES; ZERRY AYN Z. RETUBADO; ANNE S. LORCA; JOSEPH JOEL N. ALMAGRO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260439

Abstract

Abstract. Inocentes JAB, Escalante KD, Ginoo AI, Prado GT, Uy GML, Justol AE, Fernandez JL, Gacang JO, Lacorte CD, Cortes ST, Retubado ZAZ, Lorca AS, Almagro JJN. 2025. Assessing the economic value of a seagrass ecosystem in Southern Cebu, Philippines. Biodiversitas 26: 1898-1912. Seagrass meadows are critical habitats that support marine biodiversity, enhance coastal protection, and serve as nurseries for various fish species, which are the foundation for local fisheries and tourism. By assigning a monetary value to these resources, we can better implement conservation efforts that safeguard and ensure their sustainability. In this regard, this study investigates the economic valuation of the seagrass ecosystem in Argao, Cebu, Philippines, a coastal municipality rich in marine biodiversity and dependent on fishing and ecotourism. We employ a mixed-methods approach, integrating surveys, interviews, and observations to collect data from stakeholders, including fishers, tourists, and local officials from ten coastal barangays. The economic assessment employs the Total Economic Value (TEV) framework, encompassing direct uses like fisheries and tourism, indirect benefits such as coastal protection and carbon sequestration, and non-use values, including bequest and existence values. Through a comprehensive assessment of the ecosystem services provided by seagrass beds, the findings highlight the critical role of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Argao, which include ten key areas essential for marine life. The study reveals that the total economic value of the seagrass ecosystem is ?56,299,100.61 (USD 960,080.16). The findings aim to offer a holistic understanding of the seagrass ecosystem's contribution to local livelihoods and global ecological services, thereby informing sustainable management and conservation strategies. The study also identifies key challenges, such as temporal data limitations and complexities in estimating non-market values, but it also underscores the potential for further research to address both ecological and social dimensions fully, offering hope for the future.
Isolation and identification of pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum isolated from soybean leaves I WAYAN SUANDA; I KETUT WIDNYANA; A. A. ISTRI MIRAH DHARMADEWI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260523

Abstract

Abstract. Suanda IW, Widnyana IK, Dharmadewi AAIM. 2025. Isolation and identification of pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum isolated from soybean leaves. Biodiversitas 26: 2261-2268. Not all fungi isolated from soybeans are pathogenic. Understanding the identity and pathogenicity of the fungi found is crucial for providing appropriate control recommendations, which can significantly impact soybean farming. This research aimed to compare the pathogenicity of various fungi isolates obtained from soybean plants with withering symptoms in fields in Bali, along with morphological and molecular identification. Five fungi isolates were chosen for the pathogenicity test, and the most aggressive isolate was further tested for morphological and molecular detection with PCR by using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The pathogenicity test was performed by inoculating fungi into healthy soybeans from Anjasmoro, Argomulyo, and Argopuro cultivars, and the symptoms were assessed five days after inoculation. Five days after inoculation, the soybean leaves turned yellowish brown, the roots were few and short on all tested fungi isolates, while the uninoculated control seed remained asymptomatic. The five isolates were different in aggressiveness; the disease area percentage ranged between 81% and 98%, depending on the isolate. The most aggressive isolates inoculated in soybeans are the JKP2 and JKP3 isolates; the highest plant proportion inoculated by these isolates showed the most severe symptoms (the diseased area was 98% or complete plant rot). The JKP2 culture grown in PDA media is generally characterized by white to greenish purple, reverse white, and fluffy. At the same time, the mycelium of JKP3 isolate is white, reverse purple in the center, and white at the margins. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the two isolates observed to be Fusarium oxysporum. To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. oxysporum isolated from soybeans in Bali.
Ecological insights post-restoration from two decades of mangrove forest succession in Pangpang Bay, East Java, Indonesia HARI SULISTIYOWATI; RENDY SETIAWAN; ARIF MOHAMMAD SIDDIQ; RETNO WIMBANINGRUM; MUHAMMAD AFRIYANTO; ELA APRILIYANTI HASANAH; BUDI PUTRA MULYADI; ABDILLAH BARAAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260527

Abstract

Abstract. Sulistiyowati H, Setiawan R, Siddiq AM, Wimbaningrum R, Afriyanto M, Hasanah EA, Mulyadi BP, Baraas A. 2025. Ecological insights post-restoration from two decades of mangrove forest succession in Pangpang Bay, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 2299-2308. The Mangrove Pangpang Bay (MPB) in Banyuwangi District, East Java, Indonesia, has suffered significant degradation from anthropogenic pressures. A restoration project was launched in the late 1990s, and between 2000 and 2003, approximately 300,000 trees were planted across 70 ha. However, 22 years later, little is known about the structural and functional dynamics of the mangrove forest's succession. This study assesses the structural complexity, ecological functionality, and environmental resilience of the restored mangrove forest in MPB. Tree vegetation data were collected using 10x10 m² plots, and functional data were obtained through a semi-destructive method. Secondary data on species conservation status and geographic distribution were sourced from the IUCN Red List, while abiotic factors, including temperature, pH, and salinity, characterized environmental conditions. The MPB comprises 11 mangrove species from 5 families and 7 genera, dominated by Rhizophora mucronata and Sonneratia alba. Abiotic conditions, salinity (31.85%), soil pH (7.96), and temperature (29.89?) are favorable for mangrove growth, particularly for the Rhizophora. The Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H') was low (0.98), indicating secondary succession influenced by human-led planting. Mangrove tree density averaged 3,719 trees/ha, with 1,392 seedlings/ha, and vegetation volume was 18,556.10 m3/ha. The estimated carbon stock was 104.58 Mg C/ha, equating to 383.49 Mg CO2/ha and 277.42 Mg O2/ha. Salinity correlated positively with carbon stock and tree volume, while pH, temperature, and diversity showed negative correlations, indicating potential trade-offs in shaping the restored ecosystem of MPB. Additionally, the total biodiversity value of MPB was calculated to be 9,733,952,191.99 IDR per hectare.

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