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DETEKSI Escherichia coli DAN ANGKA LEMPENG TOTAL BAKTERI PADA LAWAR BABI DI KECAMATAN ABIANSEMAL, KABUPATEN BADUNG, PROVINSI BALI Ni Ketut Febri Antini; Retno Kawuri; I Made Sara Wijana
SIMBIOSIS Vol 10 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

ABSTRACT Lawar babi is a Balinese food that is much liked, both by the locals and by tourists visiting Bali. Good and healthy food must be free of pathogenic bacteria and must meet the maximum threshold for bacterial contamination according to the Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM). The purpose of this research was to determine the presence of Escherichia coli and the total plate count (TPC) of bacteria in lawar putih and lawar merah sold in Abiansemal District, Badung Regency, Bali Province. Samples were taken from 10 random traders in the Abiansemal area. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University. Methods used in this research consists of the plating method. The test results showed that 40% of lawar merah had E. coli contamination exceeding BPOM requirements is < 3 MPN/g, while 30% of lawar putih had E. coli contamination. The highest E. coli contamination occurred in Sangeh, namely lawar merah (6.3 ± 0.76) MPN/g, while lawar putih (4.0 ± 0.49) MPN/g fluctuated. E. coli bacteria contamination in blood was highest in Sangeh at (1.9 ± 0.50) MPN/g. The results of ALT bacteria on lawar merah showed 80% did not meet BPOM requirements is < 1 x 106 CFU/g, while lawar putih did not meet BPOM requirements by 40%. The highest ALT value in pig blood in Sibang Gede II (Banjar Badung) was (18.97 ± 0.42) x 103 CFU/g. The use of fresh blood as a red dye caused an increase in bacterial contamination of lawar merah.

HUBUNGAN ANTROPOMETRI TULANG PANJANG TERHADAP TINGGI BADAN MAHASISWA SUKU BATAK TOBA DI KOTA BEKASI Ezra Oktavia Ambarita; Iriani Setyawati; Dwi Ariani Yulihastuti
SIMBIOSIS Vol 10 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Forensic anthropology is the application of a specific branch of biological anthropology based on human bones and anatomy. Anthropometry is a method of measuring body parts. Height measurement is a forensic anthropological parameter that helps build a person's biological profile. Height can be determined by the size of the long bones including the humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, and fibula. This research on height was carried out on Batak Toba students. This study aims to determine the anthropometric relationship of long bone length to the height of Batak Toba students in the city of Bekasi. This research is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional approach. This research was conducted in the city of Bekasi with the research subjects totaling 60 students consisting of 30 men and 30 women with an age range of 18-22 years from the Toba Batak tribe who did not have bone disorders. Samples were taken by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was performed by Pearson Correlation (r) test. The parameters analyzed in this study were length of humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, fibula, height, sitting height, weight, and body mass index. The results of the Pearson Correlation test analysis (r) showed that there is a significant relationship between the length of the humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, fibula and sitting height with a strong to perfect correlation, while the relationship between body mass index and height there is no significant difference and there is no correlation to Batak Toba students in the city of Bekasi. Keywords: height, long bones, anthropometry, Batak Toba

TINGGI DAN BERAT BADAN SISWA UMUR 10-12 TAHUN DI SEKOLAH PEDESAAN DAN KOTA : SD DI DESA PINANG SEBATANG TIMUR DAN KOTA PEKANBARU PROVINSI RIAU Fita Efi Rafelina Siallagan; I Ketut Junitha; Iriani Setyawati
SIMBIOSIS Vol 10 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

ABSTRACT The difference in height and weight is influenced by genetic traits and environmental factors. The study population was primary school children from one elementary school in the area of Pinang Sebatang Timur Village, Tualang Regency and one elementary school in urban areas covering Pekanbaru City. The two research areas are located in the province of Riau. The research sample was 60 students from Nusantara elementary school in Pinang Sebatang Timur Village and 60 students from Santa Maria elementary school, which consisted of (30 boys and 30 girls). The age range of the probandous is about 10-12 years old. The method that is being used for the research is purposive sampling method using online survey. The parameters studied were height, weight, age, parental education, parental occupation, parental income, body mass index (BMI), age of manarche and first wet dreams. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated by dividing body weight (kg) by height square (m2).According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, BMI is categorized based on 4 categories, namely underweight (<18), normal (18-25), overweight (25-27), and obese (>27). The average of heights, weights and body mass indexes of male and female students in Pekanbaru city are higher than in the Pinang Sebatang Timur’s village. Factors that are affecting student’s heights and weights are their parent’s job, their parent’s allowances, heights, the age of menarche on the female children or wet dream on the male children, and also the physical activities the students do. Keywords: Growing pattern, height, weight, age, Body Mass Index (BMI)

POTENSI KONSORSIUM BAKTERI UNTUK BIOREMEDIASI LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH POTONG HEWAN PESANGGARAN BALI Gusti Ngurah Wisnanda Putra; Retno Kawuri; Job Nico Subagio
SIMBIOSIS Vol 10 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Slaughterhouses produce solid waste and liquid waste. The liquid waste consists of urine, blood, fat, and carcass washing water which causes pollution to the environment if not treated in a good way. This study aims to determine the potential of a consortium of bacteria (Bacillus sp., Klebsiella sp.) in remediating the abattoir wastewater. This research was conducted from January to April 2021 at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Biology Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, and the Analytical Laboratory of Udayana University, using the Sequence Batch Reactor (SBR) method, with the varying treatment of a consortium of bacteria concentration i.e 0 (as control), 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mL in 2 liters of liquid waste. Parameters observed were changes in physical parameters, BOD5, Total Plate Number (ALT), and nitrite and nitrate content of waste samples. The results of this study showed that treatment 5 is giving a bacterial consortium dose of 50 mL/2 liters of wastewater was the most effective dose with a BOD5 value of 0.82 g/L, clear yellow without odor, TDS Final Value 539.6 mg/L, and the number of bacteria 9.54 x 1010 and a decrease in nitrite and nitrate by -0.001 and 1.743 mg/L

EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN AIR BERSIH PADA ALILA VILLAS ULUWATU, BALI Fanny Elizabeth Marbun; Anak Agung Gde Raka Dalem; I Ketut Muksin
SIMBIOSIS Vol 10 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Human beings depend on water not only to fulfill domestic needs but also to fulfill production, industry and other needs. Because of high quality of water is needed for the hotel industries, it is necessary to conduct observations to find out efficiency use of clean water in hotels or villas. Alila Villas Uluwatu Bali is one of the luxurious five-star villas which has various facilities and infrastucture that are provided so that the use of clean water is certainly quite a lot. This research is carried out with purpose to know efficiency effort of using clean water at Alila Villas Uluwatu Bali. The methods used in this study are interview, document examination and field observation. The data obtained is analyzed qualitatively. Based on the result of this study, the average clean water consumption of Alila Villas Uluwatu in 2017 was 2.80 liters/visitor and in 2018 it was 2.73 liters/visitor. In 2018 the efficiency of clean water use at Alila Villas Uluwatu was 2.5% compared to 2017. Other efforts that can be made to minimize clean water consumption at AVU are by using water fixtures and sanitary, absorbing water through biopori and infiltration wells on green land, optimizing water pipes, limiting shower flow and controlling leaks and regulating water pressure periodically. The meaning of the results of this study is that Alila Villas Uluwatu has reduced waste that is not good for the environment, but Alila Villas Uluwatu reprocesses it for hotel operations.

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KULIT BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) DAN CANGKANG TELUR AYAM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis L.) Novita Sari; Made Ria Defiani; Ni Luh Suriani
SIMBIOSIS Vol 10 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak kulit bawang merah dan cangkar telur ayam terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman sawi (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis L.). Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan dan Geenhouse Progam Studi Biologi, Fakultas MIPA Universitas Udayana. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor yaitu penambahan bahan organik dengan 4 taraf sebagai berikut, perlakuan 1 (Kontrol) disiram dengan air, perlakuan 2 (disiram ekstrak kulit bawang merah 100 ppm), perlakuan 3 (disiram ekstrak cangkang telur ayam 300 ppm), perlakuan 4 (disiram ekstrak cangkang telur ayam 300 ppm + ekstrak kulit bawang merah 100 ppm). Parameter pertumbuhan yang diamati meliputi bobot basah tanaman, bobot kering tanaman, dan jumlah daun. Pengamatan parameter jumlah daun dilakukan setiap 1 minggu sekali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian ekstrak kulit bawang merah, cangkang telur ayam serta kombinasi antara kulit bawang merah 100 ppm + cangkang telur ayam 300 ppm berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot basah total, bobot basah tajuk, bobot kering total, dan bobot kering tajuk.

EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BUNGA KENANGA (Cananga odorata) UNTUK MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR Colletotrichum acutatum PENYEBAB PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA PADA TANAMAN CABAI BESAR (Capsicum annum) Silviana Febrionita Meiskia Agung; Sang Ketut Sudirga; Anak Agung Ketut Darmadi
SIMBIOSIS Vol 10 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Jenis Colletotrichum acutatum merupakan jamur patogen penyebab penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman budidaya, salah satunya tanaman cabai. Pengendalian penyakit antraknosa umumnya menggunakan pestisida sintetis. Penggunaan pestisida sintetis secara terus menerus dapat menimbulkan efek samping yang merugikan, sehingga diperlukan senyawa lain untuk mengendalikan jamur patogen tersebut salah satunya melalui penggunaan fungisida nabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak bunga kenanga dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Colletotrichum acutatum dan untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa aktif yang terkandung dalam ekstrak bunga kenanga. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tujuh perlakuan yaitu P0: kontrol negatif, P1: kontrol positif, P2: konsentrasi ekstrak 1% (b/v), P3: konsentrasi ekstrak 2% (b/v), P4: konsentrasi ekstrak 3% (b/v), P5: konsentrasi ekstrak 4% (b/v), P6: konsentrasi ekstrak 5% (b/v) dengan masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Parameter yang diamati yaitu terbentuknya diameter zona hambat, diameter koloni, kerapatan spora, dan uji fitokimia ekstrak. Hasil penelitian uji sumur difusi menunjukan zona hambat terbesar terdapat pada konsentrasi 5% (P6) yaitu sebesar 10,05 mm dan zona hambat terkecil pada konsentrasi 1% (P2) sebesar 7,53 mm. Hasil uji koloni menunjukan diameter koloni terkecil pada hari ke-10 terdapat pada konsentrasi 3% (P4) sebesar 7,09 cm dan diameter koloni terbesar pada konsentrasi 1% (P2) sebesar 8,46 cm. Hasil uji kerapatan spora menunjukan jumlah kerapatan spora terbesar terdapat pada konsentrasi 1% (P3) yaitu 3,24×104 spora/mL dan jumlah spora terkecil terdapat pada konsentrasi 3% (P4) sebesar 2,36×104 spora/mL. Golongan senyawa aktif yang ditemukan dalam ekstrak bunga kenanga meliputi alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid, fenolik, saponin dan tanin.

INTERPRETASI EKOWISATA OLEH PRAMUWISATA (PEMANDU WISATA) PADA DAYA TARIK WISATA KUPU-KUPU DI BALI Ni Kadek Siska Apriska; Anak Agung Gde Raka Dalem; Ni Made Suartini
SIMBIOSIS Vol 10 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Research on ecotourism interpretation by tourist guides on butterfly attractions in Bali has been carried in 2020-2021. Objectives of this research were to find out the type of interpretation, means (tools) of interpretation and the quality of interpretation given to tourists. The method of data collection was by accidental sampling, conducting interviews, direct observation in the field, distributing questionnaires and examining documents. Data analysis was carried out quantitatively and qualitatively. The results obtained indicated that the types of interpretation applied by tour guides on butterfly parks in Bali were 9 types, namely guided tour, point duty, roving interpretation, presentation, demonstration, living history, interactive, talk and drama. There were 10 types of interpretation facilities utilized namely print, self guiding program, interpretive panel, use of audio tape, exhibit, visitor center, museum, computer, laser disc and observation hides. The quality of the interpretation by the tour guides in general could be classified as good. Based on this finding, there were some points need to be improved by the butterfly tour guides.

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS CAPUNG DI SEPANJANG SUNGAI AYUNG Ayu Wulan Trisna; Ni Luh Watiniasih; I Ketut Ginantra
SIMBIOSIS Vol 10 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

This research was conducted from february to April 2020 in three different areas, including in Petang in Penikit Village, Sayan Village, Ubud, and in Padang Galak Village, Sanur using sweeping techniques. This study aims to determine the diversity of dragonflies along the Ayung river. The analyzes carried out include analyzing the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), evenness index (E), dominance index (D) sympons, frequency of presence and water quality of the Ayung River. The results showed as many as 11 species of dragonflies. The most common individuals found were Orthetrum Sabina (23 individuals), while the lowest individuals were from the Libellulidae family as many as 5 individuals. Most species and individuals were found at the Sayan location with 11 species with a total of 124 individuals (H'=2.24, E=0.93, D=0.19), followed by 6 species in the Petang location with a total of 27 individuals (H' =1.60, E=0.89, D=0.30), while the lowest was the Sanur location with 4 species with a total of 15 individuals (H'=0.94, E=0.69, D=0.67 ). Diversity of dragonflies in the Ayung River is classified as moderate (H'=2.36), the evenness index of species at the Petang and Sayan locations is in the almost evenly distributed category. Petang (0.89) and Sayan (0.93), while the Sanur location was in the fairly even category (0.69). The highest frequency of presence in Orthetrum sabina species was 89% with frequent or absolute presence categories. The BOD and DO values ??in the Ayung River do not meet the requirements of water quality standards, while COD meets the requirements based on PP No. 82 of 2001. Keywords: Diversity, dragonflies, Ayung River.

EKSTRAKSI DNA DARI SIKAT GIGI BERDASARKAN LAMA PEMAKAIAN DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN SETELAH DIPAKAI Agriani Dewinta; I Ketut Junitha; Made Pharmawati
SIMBIOSIS Vol 10 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

In recent years in Indonesia there have been frequent disasters, including natural disasters, non-natural disasters, and social disasters that have resulted in many casualties. The identification process of victims who have experienced natural disasters, non-natural disasters, and social disasters often uses DNA. The primary identification method commonly used in DVI is DNA. Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) is a procedure for identifying victims who died from a mass disaster that can be scientifically accounted for and refers to the Interpol standard. Sources of DNA data consist of primary and secondary data sources. Toothbrush is a secondary source of DNA data. Toothbrush is commonly used as a source of comparative DNA samples selected in cases of identification of dead victims without a family as a comparison. In this study, it was shown that the time of use and the part of the toothbrush had no significant effect (P> 0.01) on the amount of DNA. The results of the quality test using gel electrophoresis were only 7 samples, namely 2b, 3a, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12b which showed that there was a thin band of luminescence and DNA smears. PCR-RAPD test was performed to test the extracted DNA could be amplified. PCR-RAPD results from 12 DNA samples, 7 samples were successfully amplified, indicating that the DNA extracted from a toothbrush could be amplified.

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Journal Mail Official
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Location
Kota denpasar,

Bali

INDONESIA