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AL KAUNIYAH
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 19783736     EISSN : 25026720     DOI : 10.15408/kauniyah
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi (p-ISSN: 1978-3736, e-ISSN: 2502-6720) is an Open Access Journal published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, and established since 2007. Since 2016 Al-Kauniyah has established a collaboration with the Association of Lecturer in Biology and Biology Education throughout the State Islamic Higher University (PTKIN) in Indonesia. Until 2015, Al-Kauniyah covered environmental biology solely, but since 2016 the journal has been extended to cover the entire field of biological science (bioscience). By publishing biannually, on April and October, Al-Kauniyah is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject of biology. Since volume 9 issue 1 April 2016, Al-Kauniyah had been changes the layout. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Manuscripts can be submitted to AL-KAUNIYAH
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Articles 460 Documents
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Phytoplankton Diversity as Bioindicator of Pollution in Jenes River, Surakarta Endah Pratiwi; Dhiya' Choirunnisa; Riannisa Shafira; Alanindra Saputra
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.36917

Abstract

AbstractThis research aims to identify the types of phytoplankton, identify the abundance of phytoplankton, and study the relationship between environmental factors and the abundance of phytoplankton. This research was carried out on January 10, 2023, at the Jenes River, Surakarta. Sampling was carried out at 3 observation stations to identify environmental factors (pH, DO, CO2, salinity, BOD, light intensity, temperature, and brightness). Observations were carried out at three stations, namely upstream, middle and downstream, namely, in the morning (06.00–07.00 WIB) and during the day (12.00–14.00 WIB). Measurements of environmental factors were carried out at the integrated laboratory at Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. The results of the research showed that the phytoplankton found were 9 families consisting of 11 species with an average abundance of 6,834 individuals/L in the morning day and an average abundance of 13,088 individuals/L during the day. The most abundant phytoplankton in the morning observations was Ulothrix sp. Meanwhile, the most abundant phytoplankton in the afternoon observations was Chroococcus sp. This abundance is also influenced by environmental factors such as pH, DO, Salinity, BOD, CO2, and temperature. The research found that the middle station had the highest phytoplankton diversity index during the day (1.6), possibly because it was indicated to be lightly polluted, allowing the life of many phytoplankton such as Closterium sp. and Quadrigula sp. The highest abundance of phytoplankton in the morning is Ulothrix sp., in the afternoon, it is Chroococcus sp.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasikan jenis fitoplankton, kelimpahan fitoplankton, dan analisis hubungan faktor lingkungan dengan kelimpahan fitoplankton di Sungai Jenes Surakarta. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada 10 Januari 2023 di Sungai Jenes, Surakarta. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di 3 stasiun pengamatan untuk mengukur faktor lingkungan (pH, DO, CO2, salinitas, BOD, intensitas cahaya, suhu, dan kecerahan). Pengamatan dilakukan di tiga stasiun yaitu hulu, tengah dan hilir sebanyak 2 yaitu, pagi hari (06.00–07.00 WIB) dan siang hari (12.00–14.00 WIB). Pengujian faktor lingkungan dilakukan di laboratorium terpadu Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fitoplankton ditemukan berjumlah 9 famili terdiri dari 11 spesies dengan rata-rata kelimpahan 6.834 individu/L pagi hari dan rata rata kelimpahan 13.088 individu/L pada siang hari. Fitoplankton yang paling melimpah pada pengamatan pagi hari adalah Ulothrix sp., sedangkan siang hari adalah Chroococcus sp. Kelimpahan ini juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti pH, DO, Salinitas, BOD, CO2 , dan suhu. Penelitian menemukan bahwa stasiun tengah memiliki indeks keanekaragaman fitoplankton tertinggi pada siang hari (1,6), kemungkinan karena terindikasi tercemar ringan, memungkinkan hidupnya banyak fitoplankton seperti Closterium sp. dan Quadrigula sp. Kelimpahan fitoplankton tertinggi pada pagi hari adalah Ulothrix sp., sementara pada sore hari adalah Chroococcus sp. 
Analisis Pertumbuhan Khamir Endofit Buah Salak (Salacca edulis Reinw.) dengan Penambahan Zinc Nur Kusmiyati; Ulfah Utami; Muhammad Riefki Pratama; Liliek Harianie
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i2.31921

Abstract

AbstrakKhamir endofit buah salak (Salacca edulis Reinw.) dengan kode YIS-3, YIS-4, dan YIS-7 dapat dimanfaatkan untuk fermentasi adonan roti. Kemampuan tersebut dapat ditingkatkan dengan penambahan sumber zinc pada media pertumbuhannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pertumbuhan khamir endofit buah salak dengan penambahan zinc dan kualitas roti hasil fermentasi. Metode yang digunakan meliputi peremajaan isolat khamir, penambahan nutrisi pada media pertumbuhan, analisis biomassa khamir, jumlah sel, volume adonan, dan organoleptik. Hasil penelitian pada parameter pertumbuhan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dengan penambahan zinc 0,1 g/L menghasilkan biomassa dan jumlah sel lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol. Biomassa tertinggi dihasilkan oleh YIS-4 yakni 4,13 g/300 mL, sedangkan jumlah sel tertinggi dihasilkan oleh YIS-3 yakni 27,84 x 106 sel/mL. Pada persentase pengembangan menunjukkan bahwa isolat khamir dengan perlakuan zinc 0,1 g/L membutuhkan waktu lebih lama untuk mencapai pengembangan tertinggi, namun volume roti setelah pemanggangan menunjukkan hasil yang lebih baik dibanding perlakuan kontrol. Isolat YIS-4 dengan perlakuan zinc 0,1 g/L menghasilkan volume roti tertinggi (949,54 cm3). Berdasarkan analisis organoleptik dengan parameter warna, aroma, rasa dan tekstur menunjukkan bahwa semua panelis lebih menyukai roti hasil fermentasi isolat YIS-4 dengan perlakuan zinc 0,1 g/L.AbstractThe endophytic yeast of salak fruit (Salacca edulis Reinw.) with codes YIS-3, YIS-4, and YIS-7 can be used for bread dough fermentation. This ability can be increased by adding a zinc source to the growth medium. The purpose of this study was to analyze the growth of the endophytic yeast of salak fruit with the addition of zinc and the quality of fermented bread. The methods used include rejuvenation of yeast isolates, addition of nutrients to growth media, analysis of yeast biomass, cell count, dough volume and organoleptic. The results of research on growth parameters showed that treatment with the addition of zinc 0.1 g/L resulted in higher biomass and cell count than the control treatment. The highest biomass was produced by YIS-4 which was 4.13 g/300 mL, while the highest number of cells was produced by YIS-3 which was 27.84 x 106 cells/mL. The swelling percentage showed that yeast isolates treated with 0.1 g/L zinc took longer to reach the highest swelling, but the volume of bread after baking showed better results than the control treatment. YIS-4 isolate treated with 0.1 g/L zinc produced the highest bread volume (949.54 cm3). Based on organoleptic analysis with parameters of color, aroma, taste and texture, it showed that all panelists preferred bread fermented YIS-4 isolate with 0.1 g/L zinc treatment.
Komposisi Pakan Lutung Jawa (Trachypithecus auratus E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812) di Kebun Binatang Gembira Loka, Yogyakarta Laurentia Henrieta Permita Sari Purba; Jeremia Frandy Apitalau; Guruh Prihatmo
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i1.27539

Abstract

 AbstrakKemampuan untuk menemukan, memanen, dan memproses makanan sangat penting untuk kelangsungan hidup hewan. Pemilihan jenis pakan pada hewan sangat bergantung pada ketersediaan makanan di habitatnya dan adaptasi morfologi khususnya organ pencernaan hewan.  Trachypithecus auratus adalah primata endemik Pulau Jawa, Bali, dan Lombok yang terdaftar sebagai satwa rentan oleh IUCN (vulnerable) dan CITES (Appendix II). Upaya konservasi Lutung Jawa antara lain dengan sistem ex-situ di Kebun Binatang Gembira Loka, Yogyakarta. Pemberian jenis pakan yang disesuaikan dengan pakan alami Lutung Jawa menjadi salah satu upaya untuk mencapai kesejahteraan hewan konservasi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengamati komposisi pakan populasi Lutung Jawa di Kebun Binatang Gembira Loka dengan total waktu 480 jam melalui metode scan sampling. Komposisi pakan Lutung Jawa yang diberikan oleh Kebun Binatang Gembira Loka terdiri adalah daun (7%), buah dan sayur (92%), dan suplemen (4%), Jenis pakan yang paling banyak dikonsumsi oleh Lutung Jawa di Kebun Binatang Gembira Loka adalah buah dan sayur. Hal ini menunjukkan perilaku makan Lutung Jawa di Kebun Binatang Gembira Loka berbeda dengan perilaku makan alaminya, yaitu sebagai pemakan daun (folivor) sehingga diperlukan penyesuaian komposisi pakan lutung Jawa di Kebun Binatang Gembira Loka, Yogyakarta.AbstractThe ability to find, harvest, and process food is critical to animal survival. The choice of food type for animals is very dependent on the availability of food in their habitat and morphological adaptations, especially the animal's digestive organs. Trachypithecus auratus is a primate endemic to the islands of Java, Bali and Lombok which is listed as vulnerable by IUCN (vulnerable) and CITES (Appendix II). Javanese langur conservation efforts include an ex-situ system at the Gembira Loka Zoo, Yogyakarta. Providing types of feed that are compatible with the natural diet of Javan langurs is one of the efforts to achieve the welfare of conservation animals. Therefore, this research was conducted to observe the food composition of the Javan langur population at Gembira Loka Zoo for a total of 480 hours using the scan sampling method. The composition of the Javanese langur feed provided by the Gembira Loka Zoo consists of leaves (7%), fruit and vegetables (92%), and supplements (4%), where fruit and vegetable feed has the highest percentage of consumption by each individual. Apart from that, the group of food consumed was compared with wild populations from the results of research that has been carried out, where Javan langurs at the Gembira Loka Zoo consume more fruit and vegetables. This shows that the eating behavior of Javan langurs at Gembira Loka Zoo is different from their natural eating behavior, namely leaf eating (folivor), so it is necessary to adjust the food composition of Javan langurs at Gembira Loka Zoo, Yogyakarta.
The Effect of Moringa Leaf Extract Administration on Sperm Morphology and Blood Glucose Reduction in Alloxan-Induced Sprague Dawley Rats Dinda Nuraini Hanifah Wahab; Uswatun Hasanah; Erna Harfiani; Maria Selvester Thadeus
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.37286

Abstract

AbstractIncreased blood sugar levels can be triggered by increased intake or insulin resistance, leading to increased oxidative stress that affects sperm quality during spermatogenesis. Moringa oleifera, rich in antioxidants, has been proven effective in improving sperm quality through several studies. This study aims to evaluate the influence of moringa leaf extract on sperm morphology and the reduction of blood sugar levels in Sprague Dawley white rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by alloxan. Fasting blood sugar tests showed that rats induced with alloxan without moringa leaf extract had the highest blood sugar levels among the groups. In contrast, the negative control and treatment groups with moringa leaf extract successfully maintained blood sugar levels at normal levels. Normal sperm morphology reached 94.5% in the treatment group with the highest dose of moringa leaf extract. The results of the study indicate a significant relationship between blood sugar levels and sperm morphology in alloxan-induced white rats after the administration of moringa leaf extract. Moringa oleifera has the potential to be a therapeutic intervention to improve sperm quality and control blood sugar levels in hyperglycemic conditions.AbstrakPeningkatan kadar gula darah dapat dipicu oleh peningkatan asupan atau resistensi insulin menyebabkan peningkatan stres oksidatif yang mempengaruhi kualitas sperma selama spermatogenesis. Tanaman kelor (Moringa oleifera), tumbuhan yang kaya akan antioksidan, telah terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan kualitas sperma melalui beberapa penelitian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh ekstrak daun kelor terhadap morfologi sperma dan pengurangan kadar gula darah pada tikus putih Sprague Dawley (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi aloksan. Uji gula darah puasa menunjukkan bahwa tikus yang diinduksi aloksan tanpa perlakuan ekstrak daun kelor memiliki kadar gula darah tertinggi di antara kelompok-kelompok lainnya. Sebaliknya, kelompok kontrol negatif dan kelompok perlakuan dengan ekstrak daun kelor berhasil menjaga kadar gula darah pada tingkat normal. Morfologi sperma normal mencapai 94,5% pada kelompok perlakuan dengan dosis 400 mg/kgBB ekstrak daun kelor. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini berkaitan dengan temuan hubungan signifikan antara kadar gula darah dan morfologi sperma pada tikus putih yang diinduksi aloksan setelah pemberian ekstrak daun kelor. Tanaman kelor (Moringa oleifera) memiliki potensi sebagai intervensi terapeutik untuk meningkatkan kualitas sperma dan mengendalikan kadar gula darah dalam kondisi hiperglikemia. 
Characterization of Peronosclerospora maydis and Its Effect on Plant Growth and Disease Incidence Under Fungicides Treatment on Maize (Zea mays L.) Elzahra Nadya Putri; Rina Sri Kasiamdari
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.32399

Abstract

AbstractDowny mildew disease on maize (Zea mays L.) is generally caused by fungi from the genus Peronosclerospora. This study aims to identify the type of fungi that cause downy mildew in Sleman, to determine the effect of a fungicide on the growth of maize plants, the disease incidence, and severity. Fungi isolates were taken from the maize plantation area in Tirtoadi Village, Sleman. Observation of fungal spores was carried out using a binocular microscope. Application of metamorph (PMD), metalaxyl (PMMe), propineb (PMP), and mancozeb (PMMz) fungicides was carried out when the plants were 7 days after planting (DAP). Maize plants were inoculated with downy mildew spores when the plants were 8 DAP. The parameters measured were plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight, disease incidence, and severity. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS version 23 and tested by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the fungi causing downy mildew in Sleman was Peronosclerospora maydis. Plants treated with mancozeb (PMMz) had the highest growth in plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight, and dry weight, followed by PMP, PMD, and PMMe treatments. The results of the DMRT test showed that the disease incidence and disease severity of PMD, PMMe, and PMP were significantly reduced compared to the P. maydis (PM) treatment. Plants with metalaxyl treatment had the highest ability to reduce disease severity by 92.70%, followed by prominent at 78.10%, metamorph 58.66%, and mancozeb 16.79%.AbstrakPenyakit bulai pada tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) umumnya disebabkan oleh jamur dari genus Peronosclerospora. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis jamur penyebab penyakit bulai di Sleman, mengetahui pengaruh fungisida terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jagung, kejadian, dan keparahan penyakit. Isolat jamur diambil dari area persawahan Desa Tirtoadi, Sleman. Pengamatan spora jamur dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroskop binokuler. Pemberian fungisida dimetomorf (PMD), metalaksil (PMMe), propineb (PMP), dan mankozeb (PMMz) dilakukan saat tanaman berumur 7 hari setelah tanam (HST). Tanaman jagung diinokulasi dengan spora bulai pada saat tanaman berumur 8 HST. Parameter yang diukur adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah, berat kering, kejadian penyakit, dan tingkat keparahan. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA menggunakan SPSS versi 23 dan diuji dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jamur penyebab bulai di daerah Sleman adalah P. maydis. Tanaman dengan perlakuan PMMz memiliki pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah, dan berat kering tertinggi, diikuti dengan perlakuan PMP, PMD, dan PMMe. Hasil uji DMRT menunjukkan angka kejadian penyakit dan keparahan penyakit pada perlakuan PMD, PMMe, dan PMP menurun secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan perlakuan P. maydis (PM). Tanaman dengan perlakuan metalaksil memiliki kemampuan terbaik dalam menurunkan keparahan penyakit sebesar 92,70%, kemudian propineb 78,10%, dimetomorf 58,66%, dan mankozeb 16,79%. 
Efikasi Asap Cair Dari Kayu Mundu (Garcinia dulcis) Terhadap Penghambatan Pertumbuhan Jamur Aspergillus niger dan Aspergillus fumigatus Elvi Rusmiyanto Pancaning Wardoyo; Rikhsan Kurniatuhadi
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i2.30952

Abstract

AbstrakAspergillus merupakan genus jamur patogen yang menyerang pasca panen hasil tanaman hortikultura, seperti jagung dan kacang-kacangan. Pemanfaatan asap cair untuk mengendalikan pertumbuhan jamur patogen saat pasca panen merupakan salah satu alternatif yang alami dan aman untuk diterapkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kemampuan daya hambat dan kategori aktivitas antifungi asap cair berbahan dasar kayu mundu (Garcinia dulcis) terhadap jamur Aspergillus niger dan Aspergillus fumigatus serta kandungan senyawa kimianya. Kayu mundu yang digunakan berasal dari Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Media Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) digunakan untuk uji aktivitas antifungi asap cair. Enam konsentrasi asap cair yaitu 0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5, 2,0 dan 2,5% digunakan untuk uji dengan dithane M45 sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asap cair berbahan dasar kayu mundu mampu menekan pertumbuhan jamur A. niger dan A. fumigatus secara signifikan (P <0,05). Konsentrasi asap cair berbahan dasar kayu mundu sebesar 2,5% memberikan hasil terbaik dengan nilai rata-rata penghambatan terhadap jamur A. niger dan A. fumigatus masing-masing sebesar 100 dan 91,81% dan tergolong kategori aktivitas sangat kuat. Uji kandungan senyawa kimia asap cair berbahan dasar kayu mundu mengandung 5 senyawa utama, yaitu 2-propanone, 1,2 ethanediol, acetid acid, phenol 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-(CAS) eugenol, dan 3-furaldehyde. Asap cair berbahan dasar kayu mundu berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai pengendali serangan jamur patogen A. niger dan A. fumigatus pada pasca panen tanaman hortikultura.AbstractAspergillus is pathogenic fungi that infect post-harvest yields of horticultural crops, i.e., Zea mays and legum. Using liquid smoke is one of the natural and safe alternatives to control fungus and the growth of pathogenic fungi that attack post-harvest yields of cultivated plants. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal properties of liquid smoke from mundu (Garcinia dulcis) wood against the fungus Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus. Mundu wood is from Kubu Raya Regency. The Agar media used was Potato Dextrin Agar (PDA), and concentrations of liquid smoke were 0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0; and 2.5%. The results indicated that the liquid smoke from Mundu wood significantly inhibited the A. niger and A. fumigatus growth (P <0.05). The highest result of liquid smoke from Mundu wood against A. niger and A. fumigatus is a concentration of 2.5% with an average inhibition value of 100 and 91.81%, respectively, with a firm activity level. The contents of liquid smoke contained five dominant compounds, i.e., 2-propanone, 1,2 ethanediol, acetic acid, phenol 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-(CAS) eugenol, and 3-furaldehyde. Liquid smoke produced from mundu wood has the potential to be developed for the control of pathogenic fungi A. niger and A. fumigatus in post-harvest horticultural crops. 
Aktivitas Inhibitor Lipase Ekstrak Daun Mangga Arum Manis dan Mangga Kweni Secara In Vitro Oktira Roka Aji; Nora Bastiani; Merlia Rahma Tari; Diah Asta Putri
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i2.1.18776

Abstract

 AbstrakObesitas disebabkan adanya kelebihan kalori dalam tubuh. Penurunan obesitas dapat dilakukan dengan cara menghambat penyerapan lemak sebagai sumber utama kelebihan kalori. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk menghambat penyerapan lemak adalah dengan menghambat aktivitas lipase pankreas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan aktivitas inhibitor lipase ekstrak metanol daun mangga arum manis (Mangifera indica L. cv Arum manis) dan kweni (Mangifera odorata Griff.). Tahapan penelitian diawali dengan ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi lalu diikuti dengan uji kadar total fenol, kadar flavonoid, dan uji aktivitas inhibitor lipase ekstrak daun mangga arum manis serta kweni. Hasil uji kadar total fenol menunjukkan total fenol pada ekstrak daun mangga arum manis dan kweni berturut-turut yaitu 246,94 mg GAE/g dan 176,11 mg GAE/g. Kadar flavonoid daun mangga arum manis, yaitu 129,95 mg.QE/g, sedangkan daun mangga kweni yaitu 26,50 mg.QE/g. Masing-masing ekstrak diuji kemampuannya dalam menghambat lipase pankreas secara in vitro. Nilai IC50 ekstrak daun mangga arum manis dan kweni, yaitu 61,55 µg/mL dan 79,98 µg/mL. Nilai tersebut lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol positif, yaitu orlistat (18,01 µg/mL). Dengan demikian, ekstrak daun mangga arum manis dan kweni dapat menghambat aktivitas lipase pankreas dan berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai antiobesitas.AbstractObesity is caused by excess calories in the body. Reducing obesity can be done by inhibiting the absorption of fat as the main source of excess calories. One way that can be done to inhibit fat absorption is by inhibiting pancreatic lipase activity. This research was conducted to determine the lipase inhibitor activity of methanol extract of arumanis (Mangifera indica L. cv Arumanis) and kweni (Mangifera odorata Griff.) mango leaves. The research stages began with extraction using the maceration method, followed by testing the total phenol content, flavonoid content, and testing the lipase inhibitor activity of arumanis and kweni mango leaf extracts. The results of the total phenol content test showed that the total phenol in Arumanis and Kweni mango leaf extracts was 246.94 mg GAE/g and 176.11 mg GAE/g, respectively. The flavonoid content of Arumanis mango leaves is 129.95 mg.QE/g, while that of Kweni mango leaves is 26.50 mg.QE/g. Each extract was tested for its ability to inhibit pancreatic lipase in vitro. The IC50 values of Arumanis and Kweni mango leaf extracts are 61.55 µg/mL and 79.98 µg/mL. This value is higher than the positive control, namely orlistat (18.01 µg/mL). Thus, Arumanis and Kweni mango leaf extracts can inhibit pancreatic lipase activity and have the potential to be developed as an anti-obesity agent.
COVER AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI VOL. 17 NO. 1 APRIL 2024 Cover cover
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i1.36730

Abstract

Identifikasi Mikroplastik Pada Insang dan Saluran Pencernaan Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) dari Tambak Tradisional Kecamatan Sedati, Kabupaten Sidoarjo Gunawan Aliyansyah; Kholifah Holil
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i2.33861

Abstract

AbstrakSampah plastik di perairan akibat dari peningkatan populasi manusia menjadi sumber kontaminasi mikroplastik pada ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos) di sistem tambak tradisional di kecamatan Sedati kabupaten Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tipe dan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan bandeng serta polimer yang terkandung dalam mikroplastik. Jenis penelitian termasuk ke dalam penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksploratif. Metode penentuan lokasi menggunakan purposive sampling pada 3 stasiun dengan 3 pengulangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 3 tipe mikroplastik yaitu fiber, fragment, dan film dengan nilai kelimpahan tertinggi diperoleh pada tipe fiber yaitu 11,11 partikel/individu (insang) dan 9,05 partikel/individu (saluran pencernaan) dari sampel stasiun 2. Nilai mikroplastik yang ditemukan di insang paling tinggi nilai kelimpahannya (2,34 partikel/individu) dibandingkan dengan yang terdapat pada saluran pencernaan (1,86 partikel/individu). Sedangkan jenis polimer yang ditemukan adalah nilon (poliamida), polivinil klorida (PVC), dan low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Oleh karena itu, berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang didapatkan perlu diteliti lebih lanjut nilai lethal dosis mikroplastik dan pengaruh yang ditimbulkan sebagai akibat ditemukannya berbagai tipe mikroplastik pada organ insang dan saluran pencernaan terhadap pertumbuhan ikan bandeng.AbstractPlastic waste in waters that is increased by the human population is the most common source of microplastic contamination in milkfish (Chanos chanos) from the traditional pond system at Sedati district Sidoarjo regency. This research aims to identify the microplastic type, abundance, and polymers in the microplastics. This type of research includes qualitative and quantitative descriptive with an explorative approach. The location determination method uses purposive sampling at 3 stations with 3 repetitions. The study revealed three types of microplastics, which are fiber, fragment, and film with fiber exhibiting the highest abundance at 11,11 particles/ind in gills, while gastrointestinal tracts showed 9.05 particles/ind at station 2. Additionally, Chanos chanos gills displayed the highest microplastic abundance (2.34 particles/ind) compared to the gastrointestinal tract (1.86 particles/ind). The study identified various polymers within the microplastics, including nylon (polyamide), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Further research is needed to determine the lethal dosage of microplastics and their specific effects on Chanos chanos growth in both the gill and gastrointestinal tract.
Keragaman Kultivar Lokal Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) di Kabupaten Kutai Timur-Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia Maysavitrie Citra Wijayanti Kristianto; Medi Hendra; Linda Oktavianingsih
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i1.30539

Abstract

 AbstrakUbi jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan yang memiliki banyak manfaat di beberapa daerah di Indonesia termasuk di Kabupaten Kutai Timur. Informasi tentang keragaman morfologi kultivar lokal ubi jalar diperlukan untuk pemuliaan tanaman ke depannya. Penelitian dilakukan pada Maret-Juli 2021 untuk mengetahui keragaman dan hubungan kekerabatan kultivar lokal ubi jalar berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Kultivar lokal ubi jalar diambil secara purposive sampling melalui metode jelajah di 11 kecamatan, Kabupaten Kutai Timur. Karakterisasi morfologi menggunakan 32 karakter berdasarkan panduan International Board for Plant Genetic Resource (IBPGR). Analisis klaster untuk melihat hubungan kekerabatan antar kultivar menggunakan software MVSP versi 3.1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat keragaman kultivar lokal ubi jalar yang ada di Kutai Timur berdasarkan karakter daun (bentuk, tipe cuping), umbi (bentuk, warna daging), bunga (bentuk dan warna). Hasil analisis klaster membentuk dua kelompok besar dari 23 aksesi kultivar lokal ubi jalar yang ditemukan dengan koefisien 9,671. Kelompok A dengan satu anggota, yaitu kultivar lokal 9 (Gei Meng Hom) yang terpisah dari kultivar lokal lainnya berdasarkan karakter umbi. Kultivar ini dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat asli Kalimantan (suku Dayak Wehea). Kelompok B terdiri dari 22 aksesi kultivar lokal yang dapat dikelompokkan berdasarkan karakter daun.AbstractSweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) is a food crop that has many benefits in several regions in Indonesia, including East Kutai Regency. Information about the morphological diversity of local sweet potato cultivars is needed for future plant breeding. The research was conducted from March-July 2021 with the aim of determining the diversity and relationships of local sweet potato cultivars based on morphological characters. The collection of local sweet potato cultivars was carried out using purposive sampling using the roaming method in 11 sub-districts, East Kutai Regency. Morphological characterization uses 32 characters based on the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR) guidelines. Cluster analysis to see the kinship relationships formed between local sweet potato cultivars using MVSP software version 3.1. The results of the research show the diversity of local sweet potato cultivars in East Kutai based on leaf characters (shape, lobe type), tubers (shape, flesh color), flowers (shape and color), as well as forming two large groups based on the results of cluster analysis on 23 accessions which was found with a coefficient of 9.671. Group A with one member, namely local cultivar 9 (Gei Meng Hom) which is separated from other local cultivars based on tuber characteristics and is a local cultivar of sweet potato cultivated by the indigenous people of Kalimantan (Wehea Dayak tribe). Group B consists of 22 local cultivar accessions resulting from community cultivation which can be grouped based on leaf characteristics.  

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