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INDONESIA
AL KAUNIYAH
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 19783736     EISSN : 25026720     DOI : 10.15408/kauniyah
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi (p-ISSN: 1978-3736, e-ISSN: 2502-6720) is an Open Access Journal published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, and established since 2007. Since 2016 Al-Kauniyah has established a collaboration with the Association of Lecturer in Biology and Biology Education throughout the State Islamic Higher University (PTKIN) in Indonesia. Until 2015, Al-Kauniyah covered environmental biology solely, but since 2016 the journal has been extended to cover the entire field of biological science (bioscience). By publishing biannually, on April and October, Al-Kauniyah is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject of biology. Since volume 9 issue 1 April 2016, Al-Kauniyah had been changes the layout. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Manuscripts can be submitted to AL-KAUNIYAH
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Articles 460 Documents
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Uji Potensi Kurkumin Terhadap Perbaikan Disfungsi Testis Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Setelah Paparan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Mimba Agung Janika Sitasiwi; Tyas Rini Saraswati; Silvana Tana; Sri Isdadiyanto; Siti Muflichatun Mardiati
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i1.30801

Abstract

 AbstrakMimba merupakan tanaman yang terbukti memiliki efek antifertlitas. Efek senyawa antifertilitas dapat menyebabkan disfungsi organ reproduksi yang menyebabkan perubahan ukuran organ atau gangguan sintesis hormonal. Kurkumin merupakan sediaan yang dapat meningkatkan sintesis hormon testoteron pada tikus, tetapi belum digunakan untuk meningkatkan potensi reproduksi pada hewan yang telah terpapar senyawa antifertilitas. Penelitian ini menguji potensi kurkumin dalam memperbaiki disfungsi testis yang disebabkan oleh paparan ekstrak etanol daun mimba. Tikus Wistar (R. norvegicus) jantan dewasa digunakan sebagai hewan uji, dikelompokkan menjadi empat kelompok, yaitu P0 (kontrol, hewan uji diberi akuades), P1, P2, dan P3 (kelompok perlakuan, diberi sediaan ekstrak etanol daun mimba masing-masing dengan dosis 60, 80, dan 100 mg/kgBB/hari). Pemberian bahan uji dilakukan secara oral selama 14 hari, dilanjutkan dengan pemberian kurkumin dengan dosis 1,35 mg/200gBB/hari selama 14 hari. Pengambilan sampel testis dan darah untuk pengukuran testoteron dilakukan setelah paparan bahan uji 1 selesai (hari ke-15) dan setelah paparan bahan uji 2 (hari ke-29). Variabel penelitian adalah indeks gonadosomatik, volume testis dan kadar testoteron. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kurkumin mampu meningkatkan kandungan hormon testoteron serta meningkatkan indeks gonadosomatik hewan uji sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kurkumin berpotensi memperbaiki disfungsi testis akibat paparan senyawa antifertilitas.AbstractNeem is a plant that has been proven to have antifertility effects. The effects of antifertility compounds can cause reproductive organ dysfunction which causes changes in organ size or disruption of hormonal synthesis. Curcumin is a preparation that can increase testosterone hormone synthesis in mice, but has not been used to increase reproductive potential in animals that have been exposed to antifertility compounds. This research was conducted to test the potential of curcumin in improving testicular dysfunction caused by exposure to ethanol extract of neem leaves. Adult male Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) were used as test animals, identified into four groups, namely P0 (control, test animals given distilled water), P1, P2, and P3 (treatment groups, given ethanol extract of neem leaves each with doses of 60, 80, and 100 mg/kgBW/day). The test material was administered orally for 14 days, followed by administration of curcumin at a dose of 1.35 mg/200gBW/day for 14 days. Testicular and blood samples were taken for testosterone measurement after exposure to test substance 1 was completed (day 15) and after exposure to test substance 2 (day 29). The research variables were gonadosomatic index, testicular volume and testosterone levels. The results of the study showed that curcumin was able to increase testosterone hormone content and increase the gonadosomatic index of test animals, so it can be concluded that curcumin has the potential to recover testicular dysfunction due to exposure to antifertility compounds.
Endophytic Bacteria From Banana Plants Improves The Growth of Rice (Oryza sativa) and Maize Plants (Zea mays) Yasir Sidiq; Defina Anggita Silviani; Triastuti Rahayu; Alanindra Saputra; Ninik Nihayatul Wahibah; Donny Widianto
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.37884

Abstract

AbstractFive isolates of endophytic bacteria from the roots of klutuk and ambon banana plants produce indole acetic acid (IAA) hormone. However, the evidence of its potential as Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) has not been observed. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of bacterial isolate to increase the growth of rice and maize plants. The growth rates of bacterial isolates were measured before the inoculation into the plant root. The root inoculation was performed following a complete randomized design. Root inoculation was carried out using 5 isolates of endophytic bacteria in rice and maize plant seedlings, and the process was repeated 15 times (n=15). The growth of rice and maize plants was monitored from 1st day after planting (dap) to the 14th dap. The collected data were analyzed by student t-test with a significant level of 5% (a= 0.05). The results showed that the logarithmic phase of all isolates was reached at 4 to 16 hours and K10, K25, K35, K111, and A41 isolates increased the height of plants while the K111 isolate can significantly increase the plant height compared to the control. This experiment revealed that the endophytic bacteria from banana plants increase the rice and maize plant’s growth.AbstrakLima isolat bakteri menghasilkan hormon indole acetic acid (IAA) yang berpotensi memacu pertumbuhan tanaman. Namun, bukti empiris potensinya sebagai Plant Growth Promoter Bacteria (PGPB) belum didapatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh isolat bakteri terhadap peningkatan pertumbuhan padi dan jagung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain rancangan acak lengkap dan setiap perlakuan diulang 15 kali (n= 15). Hasil pertumbuhan tanaman yang diinokulasi dengan isolat bakteri masing-masing dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. Sebelum perlakuan, tingkat pertumbuhan bakteri endofit diukur sehingga didapatkan fase logaritmik yang cocok untuk dilakukan inokulasi ke akar tanaman. Setelah perlakuan, pertumbuhan tanaman padi dan jagung dipantau dari hari ke-1 setelah tanam (hat) sampai dengan ke-14 hat. Data dianalisis dengan uji t dengan taraf signifikan 5% (α= 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 5 isolat yang berasal dari tanaman pisang mengalami fase logaritmik pada masa inkubasi 4 hingga 16 jam dan semua isolat bakteri meningkatkan tinggi tanaman serta isolat K111 dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan kemampuan bakteri endofit dari tanaman pisang untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman.
Effectiveness of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Extract on Increasing Stamina in Male Mice (Mus musculus) Raina Aulia Melita; Delima Engga Maretha; Amin Nurokhman
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.35311

Abstract

AbstractResearch using ethanol extract from black cumin seeds aims to find out whether black cumin seed extract (Nigella sativa) can be effective in increasing the stamina of male mice. The research design used was a completely randomized design (RAL). The samples used were 24 male mice consisting of four treatments and six repetitions. The dosing treatment consisted of a normal control group (P0), 30 mg/kg weight (P1), 60 mg/kg weight (P2), and 120 mg/kg weight (P3). The swimming test method was used to determine the effect of increasing stamina on mice. Data on the swimming duration of mice were analyzed using the ANOVA test then continued using the Post Hoc Test, namely LSD. The average stamina of mice based on swimming duration was the highest, namely at a dose of 120 mg/kgW (P3). Administration of black cumin seed extract (Nigella sativa) at doses of 30 mg/kgBW, 60 mg/kgW, and 120 mg/kgW for 14 days provided effectiveness in increasing stamina in male white mice (Mus musculus) as indicated by an increase in the swimming duration of the mice in each treatment.AbstrakPenelitian menggunakan ekstrak etanol biji jinten hitam bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak biji jinten hitam (Nigella sativa) dapat berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan stamina mencit jantan. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan ialah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 24 ekor mencit jantan yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dan enam pengulangan. Perlakuan pemberian dosis terdiri atas kelompok kontrol normal (P0), 30 mg/kgBB (P1), 60 mg/kgBB (P2), dan 120 mg/kgBB (P3). Metode swimming test digunakan untuk mengetahui efek peningkatan stamina terhadap mencit. Data durasi renang mencit dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA kemudian dilanjutkan menggunakan uji Post Hoc Test yaitu LSD. Rata-rata stamina mencit berdasarkan durasi renang yang paling tinggi yaitu pada dosis 120 mg/kgBB (P3). Pemberian ekstrak biji jinten hitam (Nigella sativa) pada dosis 30 mg/kgBB, 60 mg/kgBB, dan 120 mg/kgBB selama 14 hari dapat berpengaruh dalam peningkatan stamina pada mencit putih jantan (Mus musculus) ditandai meningkatnya durasi renang mencit dimasing-masing perlakuan. 
Pengaruh Penambahan Ekstrak Daun Katuk (Sauropus androgynus) Pada Pakan Terhadap Performa Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) Kartina Kartina; Ramli Ramli; Awaludin Awaludin; Nurasmi Nurasmi
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v16i2.1.27374

Abstract

 AbstrakKatuk (Sauropus androgynus) merupakan tumbuhan herbal yang mengandung protein dan asam lemak yang banyak dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan hewan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis ekstrak daun katuk pada pakan yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan survival rate benih ikan bandeng. Benih ikan bandeng yang digunakan berukuran 1,8–1,9 cm dan dipelihara pada akuarium bervolume 15 L dengan padat tebar 15 ekor dalam setiap akuarium. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan berupa penambahan ekstrak daun katuk pada pakan dengan dosis 0 g/kg (kontrol atau P1), 37,5 g/kg (P2), 75 g/kg (P3), 150 g/kg (P4), dan 300 g/kg (P5) pakan. Penambahan ekstrak daun katuk pada pakan berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan mutlak dan Survival Growth Rate (SGR) benih ikan bandeng (P<0,05), dan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap survival rate (SR) (P>0,05). Penambahan ekstrak daun katuk sebesar 150 g/kg pakan (P4) menunjukan nilai terbaik pada pertumbuhan mutlak dan SGR benih. Nilai SR tertinggi ditunjukan pada penambahan ekstrak sebesar 300 g/kg pakan (P5) yaitu mencapai 80%. Data pengukuran kualitas air dalam nilai yang baik yaitu suhu 24–30 °C; pH 6–8; salinitas 24–30 ppt; dissolved oxygen (DO) 4,27–5,98 mg/L; dan amoniak 0,07–0,11 mg/L.AbstractKatuk (Sauropus androgynus) is a herbal plant that contains protein and fatty acids which are widely used to increase animal growth. This research aims to determine the dose of katuk leaf extract in feed that can increase the growth and survival rate of milkfish fry. The milkfish seeds used were 1.8–1.9 cm in size and were maintained in 15 L volume aquariums with a stocking density of 15 fish in each aquarium. This research is an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment consisted of adding katuk leaf extract to the feed, namely control P1 0 g/kg, P2 37.5 g/kg, P3 75 g/kg, P4 150 g/kg, and P5 300 g/kg feed. The results of statistical analysis showed that the addition of katuk leaf extract to feed had a significant effect on the absolute growth and Survival Growth Rate (SGR) of milkfish seeds, while the survival rate (SR) showed values that were not significantly different. The addition of katuk leaf extract at 150 g/kg feed (P4) showed the best value for absolute growth and SGR of seeds. The highest SR value was shown when the extract was added at 300 g/kg feed (P5), reaching 80%. The water quality measurement data is in good value, namely a temperature of 24–30 °C; pH 6–8; salinity 24–30 ppt; dissolved oxygen (DO) 4.27–5.98 mg/L; and ammonia 0.07–0.11 mg/L.
Random Mutagenesis of Lipomyces maratuensis InaCC Y720 Using Commercial UV Lamp To Increase Lipid Production Agis Dwi Lestari; Atit Kanti; Miftahul Ilmi
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i2.29300

Abstract

AbstractOleaginous yeasts are capable of accumulating high lipid concentration up to 20% of dry cell weight. High lipid content, a shorter life cycle, and similar a fatty acid composition to vegetable oils makes oleaginous yeast a potential lipid producer. Lipomyces maratuensis InaCC Y720 is a novel species isolated from Maratua Island, East Kalimantan, which has been reported as a potential yeast lipid producer. However, lipid productivity of the yeast is needed to be increased to make it suitable for an industrial scale. The aim of this study is to obtain potential mutant strains for the biodiesel industry. Random mutagenesis was applied by using commercial UV-C lamp on the strain which resulting in an 80% death rate after three hours irradiation. Subsequent treatment was carried out using cerulenin as a selection agent for mutans, yielding six mutant strains. Among these strains, mutant 1 produced the highest lipid production, with a lipid concentration of 0.072 g/L and a lipid percentage of 8.603%.  Nevertheless, when compared to the wild type, the lipid productivity of mutant 1 is low. Based on these results, the mutagenesis approach using commercial lamp UV-C has not obtained the expected mutants, so it is recommended to use different methods for future study.AbstrakKhamir oleaginous memiliki kemampuan dapat mengakumulasi lipid hingga 20% dari berat kering selnya. Tingginya kadar lipid yang diproduksi, siklus hidup yang pendek serta komposisi lipid yang mirip dengan minyak tumbuhan dapat menjadikan khamir sebagai alternatif penghasil lipid. Lipomyces maratuensis InaCC Y720 merupakan spesies baru yang diisolasi dari Pulau Maratua, Kalimantan Timur yang dilaporkan sebagai khamir penghasil lipid potensial. Namun, produktivitas lipid khamir tersebut perlu ditingkatkan agar sesuai untuk skala industri. Tujuan dalam studi ini adalah mendapatkan strain mutan yang potensial untuk industri biodiesel. Metode mutagenesis secara acak dilakukan dengan menggunakan lampu UV-C komersial pada strain yang menghasilkan tingkat kematian 80% selama tiga jam penyinaran. Setelah itu, dilakukan perlakuan lebih lanjut dengan penggunaan serulenin sebagai agen seleksi mutan. Proses seleksi menghasilkan enam strain mutan. Di antara keenam strain mutan, mutan 1 menghasilkan jumlah lipid tertinggi dengan berat lipid 0,072 g/L dengan persentase lipid yaitu 8,603%. Namun, dibandingkan dengan wild type, produktivitas lipid mutan 1 lebih rendah. Berdasarkan hasil ini, mutagenesis menggunakan lampu UV-C komersial belum mendapatkan mutan yang diharapkan sehingga disarankan penggunaan metode yang berbeda untuk penelitian selanjutnya. 
Isolation And Characterization of Bacteria from Shallots (Allium cepa L.) as In-vitro Biocontrol Agent of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cepae Nani Radiastuti; Wuliani Amalia; Yadi Suryadi; Dwi N Susilowati; Jajang Kosasih
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i2.38132

Abstract

AbstractShallot is one of the leading vegetable commodities with many benefits such as for seasonings and herbal medicinal ingredients. The demand for shallots continues to increase; however, shallot production is still relatively low. One of the limiting factors causing low shallot production is due to wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cepae (Foc). Bacteria have many roles in suppressing the growth of Foc, and this study aims to obtain potential bacterial isolates from the shallot plant to inhibit the growth of Foc Based on fungal diameter zone inhibition, degree of inhibition, and chitinase test, it was obtained 9 isolates which could suppress the growth of Foc. The results indicated that the AB3, TB2, and UB1 bacterial isolates could inhibit the growth of Foc with a percentage of inhibition of 46.80; 40.24; and 35.11%, respectively. The analysis showed that AB3, TB2, and UB1 isolates were categorized as moderate in suppressing the growth of Foc. The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that AB3 and TB2 isolate had similarities with Bacillus subtilis by 99,75%, and 100%, respectively, while UB1 isolate had similarities with Pseudomonas nitroreducens by 89,35%. Based on the result showed that Bacillus sp. AB3 and TB2 isolates, and P. nitroreducens UB1 isolate have more potential as biological control agents to control the Fusarium wilt at in vitro assay. The field efficacy studies on these potential antagonists need to be done in the future.AbstrakSalah satu faktor pembatas yang menyebabkan rendahnya produksi bawang merah adalah penyakit layu yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cepae (Foc). Bakteri antagonis memiliki banyak peran dalam menekan pertumbuhan Foc, dan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat bakteri antagonis potensial asal tanaman bawang merah untuk menghambat pertumbuhan Foc. Berdasarkan nilai zona hambat diameter jamur, derajat hambat dan uji kitinase, diperoleh 9 isolat yang dapat menekan pertumbuhan Foc. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri AB3, TB2, dan UB1 mampu menghambat pertumbuhan Foc dengan persentase penghambatan masing-masing sebesar 46,80; 40,24; dan 35,11% dengan kategori penghambatan pertumbuhan Foc moderat. Hasil sekuensing 16S rRNA, menunjukkan bahwa isolat AB3 dan TB2 memiliki kemiripan dengan Bacillus subtilis masing-masing sebesar 99,75%, dan 100%, sedangkan isolat UB1 memiliki kemiripan dengan Pseudomonas nitroreducens sebesar 89,35%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Bacillus sp. isolat AB3, TB2, dan P.nitroreducens isolat UB1 berpotensi digunakan sebagai agen pengendali hayati untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu Fusarium pada uji in vitro. Studi kemanjuran lapangan terhadap isolat antagonis potensial ini perlu dilakukan di masa depan.
Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Pada Kombinasi Pupuk Organik Granular dan Anorganik Ardian Khairiah; Sulyanah Sulyanah; Dasumiati Dasumiati
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i1.35754

Abstract

AbstrakPenggunaan pupuk anorganik dalam budi daya tanaman yang berlebihan dapat mengakibat kerusakan lingkungan. Pemberian Pupuk Organik Granul (POG) diharapkan dapat mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik sekaligus meningkatkan produksi padi Galur Mukti Padi (GMP) 04. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi penggunaan POG dan pupuk anorganik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi padi GMP 04, dan memperoleh dosis POG yang dapat mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) split plot dua faktor. Faktor pertama dosis POG (0, 70, dan 140 g/m2) dan faktor kedua dosis pupuk anorganik (0, 25, 50, dan 100% dari dosis rekomendasi). Data dianalisis dengan uji ANOVA menggunakan aplikasi SAS. Hasil menunjukkan pemberian POG dosis 70 g/m2 dan 140 g/m2 berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi padi GMP 04 (P <0,05). Perlakuan POG 140 g/m2 menghasilkan persentase gabah isi tertinggi. Kombinasi antara POG dan pupuk anorganik berpengaruh nyata pada parameter jumlah gabah isi/malai, bobot kering/rumpun dan bobot 500 bulir/rumpun (P <0,05). Perlakuan POG 70 g/m2+pupuk anorganik 100% menghasilkan jumlah gabah isi/malai, bobot kering/rumpun, dan bobot 500 bulir/rumpun yang lebih tinggi dari perlakuan lainnya. Penambahan POG belum mampu  mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik, namun dapat memaksimalkan pertumbuhan dan produksi padi GMP 04 pada dosis 70 g/m2.AbstractExcessive use of inorganic fertilizers in plant cultivation can result in environmental damage. The provision of Granulated Organic Fertilizer (POG) is expected to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizer while increasing production of Mukti Padi (GMP) 04 rice strains. The research aims to determine the effect of the combination of using POG and inorganic fertilizer on the growth and production of GMP 04 rice, and to obtain the correct dose of POG. can reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers. The research used a split plot randomized block design (RAK) with two factors. The first factor is the dose of POG (0, 70, and 140 g/m2) and the second factor is the dose of inorganic fertilizer (0, 25, 50, and 100 of the recommended dose). Data were analyzed using the ANOVA test using the SAS application. The results showed that giving POG doses of 70 g/m2 and 140 g/m2 had an effect on the growth and production of GMP 04 rice (P<0.05). Treatment G2 (140 g/m2) produced the highest percentage of filled grain. The combination of POG and inorganic fertilizer had a significant effect on the parameters of number of filled grains/panicle, dry weight/clump and weight of 500 grains/clump (P<0.05). The G1A3 treatment (70 g/m2, 100%) produced a higher number of filled grains/panicles, dry weight/clump, and weight of 500 grains/clump than other treatments. The addition of POG has not been able to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizer, but it can maximize the growth and production of GMP 04 rice at a dose of 70 g/m2.
Effect of EM4 (Effective Microorganism 4) on Growth and Productivity of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Ratna Yuniati; Margaretta Elsa Damayanti; Wisnu Wardhana
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 18, No 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.37561

Abstract

AbstractCucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a nutritious and healthy vegetable that is commonly consumed by Indonesian people. To fulfill self-sufficiency for household scale needs during the COVID-19 pandemic, cucumber cultivation can be carried out in home gardens, using containers such as polybags. Growing cucumbers on limited land requires a carefully optimized planting media composition by applying Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) to the polybag media when planting. The research has been conducted which aims to determine the best EM4 dosage for the growth and productivity of cucumbers. The study used a Randomized Block Design consisting of control and three treatment doses of 10% concentration EM4, namely 20, 40, and 60 mL per polybag with six replications. The planting media used is a mixture of loam soil and goat manure. NPK fertilizer is given as an additional nutrient. The EM4 application is done by pouring it every eight days into the planting media in polybags. The results showed an increase in growth parameters and productivity of cucumber plants namely plant height, leaf chlorophyll content, time of flower emergence, number of flowers, and number of flowers that form fruit. 40 mL EM4 is the dose that showed the highest growth and productivity.AbstrakMentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) merupakan sayuran bergizi dan menyehatkan yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia. Untuk memenuhi swasembada kebutuhan skala rumah tangga di masa pandemi COVID-19, budidaya mentimun dapat dilakukan di pekarangan rumah, dengan menggunakan wadah polybag. Menanam mentimun di lahan terbatas memerlukan optimalisasi komposisi media tanam secara cermat dengan menerapkan Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) pada media dalam polybag. Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis EM4 terbaik untuk pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman mentimun. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri atas kontrol dan tiga perlakuan dosis EM4 konsentrasi 10% yaitu 20, 40, dan 60 mL per polybag dengan enam ulangan. Media tanam yang digunakan adalah campuran tanah lempung dan kotoran kambing. Pupuk NPK diberikan sebagai unsur hara tambahan. Penerapan EM4 dilakukan dengan cara disiram setiap delapan hari sekali ke dalam media tanam di polybag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan parameter pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman mentimun yaitu tinggi tanaman, kandungan klorofil daun, waktu munculnya bunga, jumlah bunga, dan jumlah bunga yang membentuk buah. Dosis yang menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tertinggi adalah 40 mL EM4.
Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis Biolarvicide and Temephos Synthetic Larvicides on Culex quinquefasciatus Larvae Niken Subekti; Citra Anisah Zahra; Anita Fadhila
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i2.32788

Abstract

AbstractAn open environment with drainage and lush green grass around the hotel allows mosquitoes to breed. Mosquitoes from the genus Culex are one of the vectors for transmitting arboviruses and filariasis. Temephos is an active ingredient often used to control Culex quinquefasciatus and considered as environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop environmentally friendly larvicides, such as the Bacillus thuringiensis biolarvicide. Many studies were conducted to control Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae using these microbial agents, but very little for controlling Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of temephos and B. thuringiensis biolarvicides. Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae were divided into the insect sample group with temephos and the B. thuringiensis biolarvicide group at concentrations of 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 mg/L. The number of dead larvae was calculated at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 24 hours. Data analysis was performed using probit analysis of lethal time (LT50 and LT90). From statistical analysis, B. thuringiensis as larvicides showed 100% mortality of mosquito larvae. B. thuringiensis biolarvicide can be used as a substitute for chemical larvicide since it is proven effective in killing Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae in 24 hours and is environmentally friendly.AbstrakLingkungan terbuka dengan sistem pembuangan dan rumput yang hijau di sekitar hotel memungkinkan nyamuk berkembang biak. Nyamuk dari genus Culex adalah salah satu vektor yang mengirimkan arbovirus dan filariasis. Temephos adalah bahan aktif yang sering digunakan untuk mengendalikan Culex quinquefasciatus dan dianggap mencemari lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, perlu untuk mengembangkan larvasida yang ramah lingkungan, seperti Bacillus thuringiensis biolarvasida. Banyak penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengendalikan larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti menggunakan agen mikroba ini, tetapi sangat sedikit untuk mengendalikan larva nyamuk Cx. quinquefasciatus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas temephos dan B. thuringiensis biolarvasida. Larva Cx. quinquefasciatus dibagi menjadi kelompok sampel serangga dengan temephos dan kelompok B. thuringiensis biolarvasida pada konsentrasi 0,01, 0,02, dan 0,03 mg/L. Jumlah larva yang mati dihitung pada 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 24 jam. Analisis data dilakukan analisis waktu letal probit (LT50 dan LT90). Analisis statistik, B. thuringiensis sebagai larvasida menunjukkan 100% kematian larva nyamuk. B. thuringiensis biolarvasida dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti larvasida kimia karena terbukti efektif dalam membunuh larva nyamuk Cx. quinquefasciatus dalam waktu 24 jam dan ramah lingkungan.
Keanekaragaman Makroinvertebrata di Sungai Kampai, Bengkulu Abdul Rahman Singkam; Moh Aziz Pathori; Irwandi Ansori; Talib Chitheer
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 17, No 1 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i1.27892

Abstract

 AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman makroinvertebrata di Sungai Kampai, Bengkulu. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di tiga stasiun, yaitu Muara Simpur, Pagar Agung, dan Lubuk Gio dengan dua kali periode sampling setiap stasiun, yaitu April 2019 mengikuti puncak musim hujan dan September 2019 mengikuti puncak musim kemarau. Pengambilan sampel makroinvertebrata menggunakan metode three minutes sampling. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 501 individu makroinvertebrata yang terdiri dari 25 spesies (24 genus; 22 famili; 5 kelas; 4 filum). Epeourus aculeatus merupakan spesies dengan kelimpahan relatif tertinggi secara keseluruhan, yaitu sebesar 62,08%. Indeks keanekaragaman (H’) berturut-turut adalah 1,72; 1,13; 1,80 mengindikasikan bahwa Sungai Kampai mengalami degradasi ringan. Jumlah individu Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, dan Trichoptera (EPT)  per stasiun dari hulu ke hilir adalah 128; 196; dan 20 dengan Indeks Biotik Famili (IBF) adalah 3,34; 4; dan 4. Berdasarkan gabungan dari beberapa indeks ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi Sungai Kampai masih tergolong sangat baik.AbstractThis research aims to analyze macroinvertebrate diversity in the Kampai River, Bengkulu. Sampling was carried out at three stations, namely Muara Simpur, Pagar Agung, and Lubuk Gio with two sampling periods for each station, namely April 2019 following the peak of the rainy season and September 2019 following the peak of the dry season. Macroinvertebrate sampling used the three minutes sampling method. The research results found 501 macroinvertebrate individuals consisting of 25 species (24 genera; 22 families; 5 classes; 4 phyla). Epeourus aculeatus is the species with the highest relative abundance overall, namely 62.08%. The diversity index (H') is 1.72; 1.13; 1.80 indicates that the Kampai River is experiencing mild degradation. The number of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) individuals per station from upstream to downstream is 128; 196; and 20 with a Biotic Family Index (IBF) of 3.34; 4; and 4. Based on a combination of several indices, it shows that the condition of the Kampai River is still considered very good. 

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