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INDONESIA
AL KAUNIYAH
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 19783736     EISSN : 25026720     DOI : 10.15408/kauniyah
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi (p-ISSN: 1978-3736, e-ISSN: 2502-6720) is an Open Access Journal published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, and established since 2007. Since 2016 Al-Kauniyah has established a collaboration with the Association of Lecturer in Biology and Biology Education throughout the State Islamic Higher University (PTKIN) in Indonesia. Until 2015, Al-Kauniyah covered environmental biology solely, but since 2016 the journal has been extended to cover the entire field of biological science (bioscience). By publishing biannually, on April and October, Al-Kauniyah is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject of biology. Since volume 9 issue 1 April 2016, Al-Kauniyah had been changes the layout. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Manuscripts can be submitted to AL-KAUNIYAH
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Articles 460 Documents
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The Utilization of Cajuput Leaf Waste as Organic Fertilizer on Plant Tomatoes Growth and Development Widiana, Ana; Ukit, Ukit; Sudrajat, Azat
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.38289

Abstract

AbstractThe annual production of cajuput oil in Indonesia can reach 88,607 tons. This has implications on the accumulation of the waste. One of the efforts to reduce the amount of cajuput waste is to use this waste as organic fertilizer. This study aimed to determine the content of C, N, P, and K of cajuput leaf waste fertilizer and their effect on the growth and development of tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum L.). This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with P0+ treatment (EM4 fertilizer); P0- (no fertilizer); and treatment with the ratio (%) of cajuput leaf waste fertilizer: chicken manure, including P1 (100:0); P2 (75:25); P3(50:50); P4 (25:75); P5(0:100). The results showed that P2 treatment had a higher content of N-total (2.82%) and C-Organic (44.28%) with a C/N ratio of 15.70%, directly proportional to the results of the best vegetative growth response, indicated by a plant height of 125.75 cm, stem diameter 0.665 cm, and the 15.75 number of leaves. The P2 treatment was considered to have the best for tomato plant development by producing fruit sizes (diameter; length) up to 3.40 cm; 3.49 cm with a weight of 20 g.AbstrakProduksi tahunan minyak kayu putih di Indonesia bisa mencapai 88.607 ton. Hal ini berimplikasi pada penumpukan sampah. Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi jumlah limbah daun kayu putih adalah dengan memanfaatkan limbah tersebut sebagai pupuk organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan C, N, P, dan K pupuk limbah daun kayu putih serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Perlakuan P0+ (pupuk EM4); P0- (tanpa pupuk); dan perlakuan dengan perbandingan (%) pupuk limbah daun kayu putih dengan kotoran ayam, di antaranya P1 (100:0); P2 (75:25); P3 (50:50); P4 (25:75); P5 (0:100). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan P2 memiliki kandungan N-total (2,82%) dan C-Organik (44,28%) yang lebih tinggi dengan rasio C/N 15,70%, berbanding lurus dengan hasil respon pertumbuhan vegetatif terbaik yang ditunjukkan oleh tinggi tanaman 125,75 cm, diameter batang 0,665 cm dan jumlah daun 15,75. Perlakuan P2 dinilai paling baik untuk perkembangan tanaman tomat dengan menghasilkan ukuran buah (diameter; panjang) hingga 3,40 cm; 3,49 cm dengan berat 20 g. 
Diversity of The Insect Visitors Species on Lily-Leaf Acriopsis Acriopsis liliifolia (J. Koenig) Ormerod in Ayunan Langit, Kalurahan Purwosari, Girimulyo, Kulon Progo Aini, Lisna Nur; Sumarmi, Siti
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.38514

Abstract

Besides being a microhabitat for insects, Acriopsis liliifolia orchid's economic value can be increased through cultivation techniques, but it is constrained because A. liliifolia flowers can't self-pollinate. Based on their flower structure, insects have the potential to become their pollinator. Insect visitors of A. liliifolia must be identified to know their species diversity and roles during visiting orchids. The research was conducted in Ayunan Langit, Sabrangkidul, Kalurahan Purwosari, Girimulyo, Kulon Progo from September to October 2023. Insect collection was done manually by brush and then put in a flask bottle containing 5 mL of 70% alcohol. The collected specimens were then carried out to the Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University, and identified based on morphology characters. The results showed that there was one member of Cicadellidae and 14 species of insect visitors to the A. liliifolia. The majority of insect visitors acted as herbivores (73.33%), 20% as carnivores, and the rest is unknown. It is predicted that the Braunsapis genus is a pollinator because it has a tonguelike maxilla and labium used to suck nectar. In this study, we conclude that the diversity of insect visitor species in A. liliifolia is moderate (H’= 1.95) and Braunsapis has potential as a pollinators
COVER AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI VOL. 17 NO. 2 OKTOBER 2024 oktober, cover
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 17 No. 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i2.38670

Abstract

INDEX AL-KAUNIYAH: JURNAL BIOLOGI VOL. 17 NO. 2 OKTOBER 2024 oktober, index
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 17 No. 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i2.38671

Abstract

Saccharomyces cerevisiae’s Potential Application in Improving Quality of Yogurt Produced in Suboptimal Fermentation Conditions Sukmana, Andreas Binar Aji; Kristiani, Elizabeth Betty Elok; Wicaksono, Rifky Adi
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.38675

Abstract

The quality of a yogurt highly depends on the milk’s quality, the culture, and the incubation temperature. However, many home yogurt makers do not have access to fresh milk and incubator which may lead to subpar-quality yogurt. This research explored the potential of using Saccharomyces cerevisiae to improve yogurt quality when fermentation conditions are suboptimal. The experiment was conducted by inoculating ultra-high temperature (UHT)--sterilized milk with a 10% yogurt starter containing Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus, also various S. cerevisiae concentrations (0; 0.156; 0.625; 2.5; and 10%). The inoculated milk was fermented at 30 °C for 24 hours. Their sensory qualities were examined by the panelists. Their acidity, pH, and microorganism count were examined before and after incubation. S. cerevisiae addition at 2.5% displayed better taste and texture without discernable unpleasant aroma. These improvements might be due to the ethanol production by S. cerevisiae. S. cerevisiae addition was also found to slightly inhibit the growth of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus. However, the combined number of these probiotic microorganisms (2.7 × 108 CFU/mL) was still by the national standard.  S. cerevisiae addition potentially improves yogurt quality made from UHT milk incubated at lower temperatures.
Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus sp.) in The Northern Waters of Jepara Used DNA Barcoding Lazuardhi, Risqi; Sabdaningsih, Aninditia; Ayuningrum, Diah; Saputra, Suradi Wijaya; Hartoko, Agus; Haeruddin, Haeruddin
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.38705

Abstract

The Awur Bay and Kartini Beach in Jepara, Central Java, are fishing areas with blue swimming crab as a main catch. This study aims to examine the species of blue swimming crabs captured in the Northern Waters of Jepara from different locations, analyze the molecular characteristics based on gender differences, obtain GenBank accession numbers as genetic conservation, and construct their phylogenetic tree. The research used a quantitative descriptive method. Samples were collected using purposive sampling from fishermen's catches and selected based on the difference in crab claws and carapace color, with a total of 4 samples. The samples were extracted using a DNA extraction kit and tested using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to visualize mitochondrial DNA (COI gene) and processed using MEGA 11. BLAST results showed that the similarity of the samples to Portunus pelagicus ranged from 97.02% to 99.42%. The different colors of claws and carapace did not affect the DNA sequence composition, hence indicating sexual dimorphisms. The DNA sequences from this study were deposited to GenBank with accession number LC836055.1-LC836058.1. Based on the phylogenetic tree construction, the clade of all samples shows a close relationship with the species Portunus pelagicus.
Riparian Vegetation Profile in The Boyong River Segment, Sleman, Yogyakarta Aliwafa, Ahmad; Aisah, Siti
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i1.38736

Abstract

Boyong River is upstream of Code River and one of the areas potentially affected by volcanic mudflow and pyroclastic flow of Mount Merapi. Boyong River is the upstream of Code River that passes through Hargobinangun Village to Sinduharjo Village. Vegetation data collection in this study used the Belt Transect method as far as 50 meters. Each station consisted of 10 continuously placed plots, and vegetation measurements were taken on each 10 × 10 m plot. Data were analyzed using the Spatially Explicit Individual-based Forest Simulator (SExI-FS) software version 2.1.0. The diversity of riparian vegetation in the Boyong River was found to be as much as 29 species. Albizia falcataria had the highest IVI rate, with 96% and 63% at stations 1 and 3, respectively.Swietenia mahagoni had the highest IVI rate at station 2, with 91%. The Boyong River has varied canopy stratification, and there is one location that has complete strata (strata A, B, C, and D), namely Candibinangun Village, while Hargobinangun Village and Sinduharjo Village only have three canopy strata. Canopy closure in the Boyong River still left canopy gaps that allowed other plants to grow and occupy empty space, while Candibinangun and Sinduharjo villages formed layers that overlapped each other.
Diversity of Diurnal Butterflies (Lepidoptera) in Three Different Habitats in Batutegi Protected Forest, Lampung Ruslan, Hasni; Sumayyah, Sumayyah; Darmawan, Reza Taufiq; Murti, Alena Puspa; Cahyani, Regitha; Birowo, Wirayudho
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.38870

Abstract

AbstractBatutegi protected forest has various ecosystems that are habitat for butterfly species despite being largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of diurnal butterflies in three different habitats of Batutegi Protected Forest, Lampung. Sampling using exploration methods was conducted in forest, river, and swamp habitat. The results showed that swamp habitat had 28 species, river habitat had 19 species, and forest habitat had 20 species. Shannon-Wiener diversity index for all habitat was at moderate level. Hutchinson's t-test results showed diversity index between three habitats was significantly different. Evenness index was at high level. The Nymphalidae family had the greatest number of species and individuals, while Lycaenidae and Riodinidae had the least. Eurema hecabe was found the highest in swamp vegetation. Cupha erymanthis was found the highest in river vegetation. Euthalia monina was found the highest in forest vegetation. Two protected species, Trogonoptera brookiana and Troides helena, were observed. Butterfly diversity was affected by habitat condition. This study can serve as fundamental reference in determining vegetation suitability for stabilizing Batutegi Protected Forest for educational and ecotourism purposes.AbstrakHutan Lindung Batutegi memiliki beragam ekosistem yang menjadi habitat spesies kupu-kupu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis kupu-kupu di tiga habitat Hutan Lindung Batutegi, Lampung.  Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode eksplorasi di habitat rawa, sungai dan hutan. Jumlah spesies kupu-kupu ditemukan terbanyak pada habitat rawa sebanyak 28 spesies, spesies kupu-kupu di habitat hutan sebanyak 20 spesies, dan di habitat sungai sebanyak 19 spesies. Komposisi spesies kupu-kupu yang terdapat di habitat rawa dan sungai memiliki tingkat kesamaan yang tinggi. Indeks keanekaragaman kupu-kupu pada tiga habitat tergolong sedang. Hasil uji Hutchinson menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antar habitat. Indeks kemerataan kupu-kupu di tiga habitat bernilai tinggi. Famili Nymphalidae memiliki spesies dan individu terbanyak, sedangkan famili Lycaenidae dan Riodinidae paling sedikit. Eurema hecabe ditemukan terbanyak di habitat rawa. Cupha erymanthis ditemukan terbanyak di habitat sungai. Euthalia monina ditemukan terbanyak di habitat hutan. Terdapat dua spesies kupu-kupu yang dilindungi, yaitu Troides helena dan Trogonoptera brookiana. Keanekaragaman kupu-kupu dipengaruhi oleh kondisi habitat. Penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pertimbangan kesesuaian habitat yang  perlu dipertahankan untuk menyeimbangkan daerah kawasan Hutan Lindung Batutegi sebagai sarana edukasi  dan ekowisata.
Keanekaragaman Liken di Kawasan Cemoro Kandang, Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah Roziaty, Efri; Arwantara, Rayhandika Duan
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v18i2.39073

Abstract

Cemoro Kandang merupakan kawasan yang terletak di kaki Gunung Lawu, Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah yang memiliki faktor abiotik yang mendukung pertumbuhan liken. Liken adalah makhluk hidup simbiotik antara alga dan fungi yang hidup menempel pada batang, dahan, dan daun pada inang. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman liken di kawasan Cemoro Kandang, Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksploratif dengan penjelajahan secara bertingkat. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan tehnik purposive sampling. Sampling dilakukan di tiga stasiun, yakni Stasiun 1 ketinggian 1.800–1.820 mdpl, Stasiun 2 ketinggian 1.820–1.840 mdpl, dan Stasiun 3 ketinggian 1.840–1.860 mdpl. Untuk mengetahui distribusi liken ditentukan berdasarkan Indeks Shannon-Wiener, yaitu indeks keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dan dominansi. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan 29 spesies liken, yakni Cryptothecia punctosorediata Sparrius, Cryptothecia striata, Graphis afzelii, Graphis elegans, Graphis scripta, Graphis insidiosa, Lecanora strobilina, Lecanora phaeostigma, Lecanora allophane, Lecanora subpallens, Lecidella elaeochroma, Lepraria barbatica, Lepraria incana (L.), Lepraria rigidula, Opegrapha gyrocarpa, Heterodermia japonica, Heterodermia leucomela, Heterodermia obscurata, Menegazzia terebrata, Parmelia caperata (L.), Parmotrema Crinitum, Parmotrema xanthinum, Peltigera collina, Ramalina farinacea, Ramalina intermedia, Ramalina montagnei, Usnea cornuta, Usnea hirta (L.), dan Usnea trichodea Ach. Liken tersebut termasuk dalam kelompok thallus crustose, foliose, dan fruticose.
Histological Structure of Rat Uterine After Treatment with Nanochitosan Preparation of Ethanolic Neem Leaves Extract Putra, Alfisah Gama; Sitasiwi, Agung Janika; Suprihatin, Teguh
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v19i1.39811

Abstract

Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) contain compounds that have antifertility potential. The constraint in giving medicine orally is the low bioavailability and distribution of active compounds in herbal plants. This problem can be solved by packing herbal plant extracts in nanochitosan. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of treating with a nanochitosan ethanol extract of neem leaves on the histological structure of the white rat uterine. This study was conducted for 8 months used a randomized design (CRD), which was divided into 3 treatment groups with 4 repetitions. Treatments is given for 21 days, including P0 (an aquades 2 mL/animal/day), P1 (an ethanol extract of neem leaves 2 mL/animal/day, and P2 (a nanochitosan preparation of neem leaves 2 mL/head/day. The variables measured were endometrial thickness, number of uterine glands, uterine diameter, and uterine weight. Numeric datas were analyzed statistically parametrically using the ANOVA test at a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the endometrial thickness, uterine diameter, number of uterine glands, and uterine weight of P0 were normal, and did not significantly different (P >0.05) from P1 and P2. The conclusion of this study is that the treatment of nanochitosan ethanol extract of neem leaves has the same potential with ethanol extract of neem in affecting the histological structure of white rats uterine.

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