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INDONESIA
AL KAUNIYAH
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 19783736     EISSN : 25026720     DOI : 10.15408/kauniyah
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi (p-ISSN: 1978-3736, e-ISSN: 2502-6720) is an Open Access Journal published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, and established since 2007. Since 2016 Al-Kauniyah has established a collaboration with the Association of Lecturer in Biology and Biology Education throughout the State Islamic Higher University (PTKIN) in Indonesia. Until 2015, Al-Kauniyah covered environmental biology solely, but since 2016 the journal has been extended to cover the entire field of biological science (bioscience). By publishing biannually, on April and October, Al-Kauniyah is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject of biology. Since volume 9 issue 1 April 2016, Al-Kauniyah had been changes the layout. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Manuscripts can be submitted to AL-KAUNIYAH
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Articles 460 Documents
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Identifikasi DNA Ikan Sapu-sapu (Pterygoplichthys sp.) Pada Siomai dengan DNA Barcoding Suseno, Dedy; Razari, Intan
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 17 No. 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i2.34277

Abstract

AbstrakSiomai adalah salah satu jenis makanan yang menggunakan bahan baku utama ikan. Pada dasarnya pembuatan siomai dapat menggunakan berbagai jenis ikan, ikan sapu-sapu bisa jadi salah satunya. Ikan sapu-sapu merupakan salah satu jenis ikan yang banyak hidup di perairan Indonesia misalnya pada Sungai Ciliwung. Tercemarnya air Sungai Ciliwung dengan logam berat Hg, Pb, Cd, dan Ag sangat memungkinkan logam-logam berat tersebut terakumulasi pada ikan sapu-sapu. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi DNA ikan sapu-sapu pada sampel siomai dan menganalisis adanya kandungan logam berat pada sampel siomai yang mengandung ikan sapu-sapu. Sampel siomai yang dianalisis sebanyak 28 sampel. Sampel ini didapatkan dari 28 lokasi berbeda di sekitar stasiun kereta api Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Analisis DNA ikan sapu-sapu menggunakan primer spesifik dan analisis logam berat menggunakan metode Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Sebanyak 9 dari 28 sampel memperlihatkan pita berukuran 496 pb pada gel elektroforesis. Pita tersebut terkonfirmasi spesies ikan sapu-sapu (Pterygoplichthys pardalis dan Hypostomus plecostomus) setelah dianalisis menggunakan sequencing sanger. Sebanyak 9 sampel yang teridentifikasi mengandung ikan sapu-sapu juga mengandung logam berat Pb dengan rentang konsentrasi 0,06 mg/kg sampai 0,12 mg/kg dan logam berat Cd <0,007 mg/kg. Kandungan logam berat pada sampel siomai masih di bawah ambang batas aman sesuai ketentuan SNI dan BPOM.AbstractSiomai is a type of food that uses fish as the main ingredient. Siomai can be made by using various types of fish, suckermouth catfish can be one of them. Suckermouth catfish is a type of fish that lives a lot in Indonesian rivers, for example in the Ciliwung River. Pollution of Ciliwung River water with heavy metals Hg, Pb, Cd, and Ag makes it possible for these heavy metals to accumulate in the suckermouth catfish. The purpose of this study is to identify the suckermouth catfish DNA in the siomai sample and analyze the presence of heavy metals in the siomai sample containing suckermouth catfish. Siomai samples analyzed were 28 samples. This sample was obtained from 28 different locations around the DKI Jakarta Provincial train station. DNA Analysis of the suckermouth catfish using specific primers and analysis of heavy metals using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) method. Nine of the 28 samples showed a 496 bp band on the electrophoretic gel. The band was confirmed by the species of suckermouth catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis and Hypostomus plecostomus) after being analyzed using Sanger sequencing. A total of 9 samples that were identified as containing suckermouth catfish also contained the heavy metal Pb with a concentration range of 0.06 mg/kg to 0.12 mg/kg and the heavy metal Cd <0.007 mg/kg. The heavy metals content in the siomai sample is still below the safe threshold according to SNI and BPOM provisions.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pakan Cacing Sutra dan Jentik Nyamuk Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Cupang Petarung Siam (Betta splendens) Khoiriyah, Nurul; Pratiwi, Rina Hidayati; Tanjung, Emilda
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.34569

Abstract

AbstrakIkan cupang petarung siam (Betta splendens) merupakan jenis ikan hias yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Namun, pembudidaya ikan cupang sering mengalami kesulitan dalam hal proses pemeliharaan ikan, salah satunya adalah tentang pemenuhan pakan yang kaya akan nutrisi untuk pertumbuhan ikan cupang petarung siam. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pakan cacing sutra dan jentik nyamuk terhadap pertumbuhan ikan cupang petarung siam. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dan 4 pengulangan dengan pemberian pakan cacing sutra (Tubifex sp.) dan jentik nyamuk dari spesies nyamuk Culex spp. Parameter yang diamati berupa pertumbuhan panjang dan pertambahan berat (biomassa) tubuh ikan cupang petarung siam. Hasil pengamatan panjang dan berat tubuh ikan cupang petarung siam dengan perlakuan yang berbeda, yaitu perlakuan A (cacing sutra 12 ekor), perlakuan B (jentik nyamuk 12 ekor), perlakuan C (cacing sutra 6 ekor dan jentik nyamuk 6 ekor), dan perlakuan D (pelet 7–8 butir). Dalam waktu perhitungan panjang dan berat tubuh ikan cupang petarung siam pada minggu ke-7 sampai dengan minggu ke-35 menghasilkan rata-rata panjang tubuh ikan 5,35; 5,26; 5,48; dan 4,79 cm secara berturut-turut. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian jenis pakan alami yang berbeda pada ikan cupang petarung siam, yaitu dengan pemberian 6 ekor cacing sutra dan 6 ekor jentik nyamuk memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan panjang, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata untuk pertambahan berat.AbstractThe Siamese fighting betta fish (Betta splendens) is a type of ornamental fish that has high economic value. However, Betta fish breeders often experience difficulties in the process of raising fish, one of which is the provision of feed that is rich in nutrients for the growth of Siamese fighting Betta fish. The research aims to determine the effect of feeding silk worms and mosquito larvae on the growth of Siamese fighting betta fish. The method used in this research was the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method which consisted of four treatments and 4 repetitions by feeding silkworms (Tubifex sp.) and mosquito larvae from the Culex spp. mosquito species. The parameters observed were length growth and weight gain (biomass) of the body of the Siamese fighting betta fish. Results of observations of body length and weight of Siamese fighting betta fish with different treatments, namely treatment A (12 silkworms), treatment B (12 mosquito larvae), treatment C (6 silk worms and 6 mosquito larvae), and treatment D (7–8 grain pellets). When calculating the body length and weight of the Siamese fighting Betta fish from the 7th week to the 35th week, the fish's body length was 5.35; 5.26; 5.48; and 4.79 cm respectively. It can be concluded that giving different types of natural food to Siamese fighting betta fish, namely by giving 6 silk worms and 6 mosquito larvae, has a significant effect on length growth, but has no real effect on weight gain.
Ulasan: Beberapa Jamur Liar yang Berpotensi Menyebabkan Keracunan di Indonesia Permatananda, Pande Ayu Naya Kasih; Pandit, I Gede Suranaya; Putra, Ivan Permana
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.34781

Abstract

AbstrakJamur merupakan fungi dengan bentuk makroskopik yang terdistribusi pada berbagai relung ekologi. Pemanfaatan jamur sebagai bahan pangan dan medis telah dilakukan sejak lama di seluruh dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Namun, karena secara morfologi tubuh buah jamur sering kali terlihat identik antara satu dengan lainnya, keracunan jamur menjadi resiko yang sering muncul. Hingga saat ini catatan keragaman, potensi pemanfaatan, dan informasi mengenai keracunan jamur liar di Indonesia masih sangat minim. Ulasan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi beberapa jamur liar beracun (hasil penelitian penulis, diskusi dengan penggiat jamur, dan studi literatur) yang dilengkapi dengan deskripsi jamur sebagai media diseminasi ilmu mikologi. Sebanyak 11 kelompok jamur diuraikan pada tulisan ini yaitu Amanita spp., Chlorophyllum molybdites, Clarkeindat trachodes, Cantharocybe cf. virosa, dan Coprinus spp. Pada fase tua, Gymnopilus sp., Inocybe sp., Lepiota sp., Panaeolus sp., Podostroma cornu-damae, dan Scleroderma spp.Beberapa jamur tersebut telah dilaporkan menyebabkan keracunan hingga kematian di Indonesia. Sebagian besar kasus keracunan terjadi akibat kesalahan identifikasi beracun sebagai jamur edible. Namun, beberapa  genus jamur yang dilaporkan juga memiliki spesies yang bisa dikonsumsi pada jenis yang tepat atau umur tubuh buah. Identifikasi yang baik dan pengalaman saat merambah jamur liar merupakan salah satu cara untuk membedakan jamur liar beracun dan konsumsi.AbstractMushrooms are macroscopic forms of fungi that are distributed in various ecological niches. The utilization of mushrooms as food and medical ingredients has been done for a long time all over the world, including Indonesia. However, because morphologically the fruiting bodies of mushrooms often look identical to each other, mushroom poisoning is a risk that often arises. Until now, records of diversity, potential utilization, and information on wild mushroom poisoning in Indonesia are still minimal. This review aims to provide information on several poisonous wild mushrooms (the results of the author's research, discussions with mushroom activists, and literature studies) equipped with mushroom descriptions as a medium for disseminating mycological science. A total of 11 groups of fungi are described in this paper, namely Amanita spp., Chlorophyllum molybdites, Clarkeindat trachodes, Cantharocybe cf. virosa, and Coprinus spp. in the old phase, Gymnopilus sp., Inocybe sp., Lepiota sp., Panaeolus sp., Podostroma cornu-damae, and Scleroderma spp. Some of these fungi have been reported to cause poisoning and death in Indonesia. Most of the poisoning cases occurred due to misidentification of the poisonous mushrooms as edible mushrooms. However, some of the reported fungal genus mushrooms also have species that can be consumed at the right type or age of the fruiting body. Good identification and experience when foraging for wild mushrooms is one way to differentiate between poisonous and edible wild mushrooms.
In Silico Evaluation Reveals The Potential Risk of Antimicrobial Resistance in Bifidobacterium Rovik, Anwar; Maulana, Ahmad Reza; Aini, Silmi Qurrotu; Kushayarti, Dyah Fitri
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.34873

Abstract

AbstractBifidobacteria have beneficial health effects for their hosts. However, they may acquire antibiotic-resistance genes. They may transfer antibiotic-resistance genes to pathogenic microbes found in the human intestine resulting in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. This study aimed to predict their resistance to antibiotics by analyzing the whole genome sequence. The entire genome data of Bifidobacterium spp. were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). This study included five Bifidobacterium strains of human origin, five strains of animal origin, and three strains isolated from the environment. The genomic sequences were analyzed using ResFinder and CARD web service. Antibiotic-resistance genes were detected in Bifidobacterium spp. from all sample sources. Bifidobacteria were potentially resistant to various antibiotics, such as tetracycline, rifamycin, chloramphenicol, macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin, and mupirocin-like antibiotics. This study suggests the safety aspect consideration of applying Bifidobacterium spp. as a potential probiotic.AbstrakBifidobacteria memiliki efek kesehatan yang menguntungkan bagi inangnya. Namun, sel Bifidobacteria dapat memperoleh gen resistensi antibiotik. Hal ini memunculkan potensi transfer gen resistensi antibiotik ke mikroba patogen yang ditemukan di usus manusia yang mengakibatkan munculnya patogen yang resisten terhadap antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi resistensi Bifidobacteria terhadap antibiotik dengan menganalisis seluruh urutan genomnya. Seluruh data genom Bifidobacterium spp. diperoleh dari National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Penelitian ini melibatkan lima strain Bifidobacterium yang diisolasi dari manusia, lima strain yang berasal dari hewan, dan tiga strain yang diisolasi dari lingkungan. Sekuens genom dianalisis menggunakan ResFinder dan layanan web CARD. Gen resistensi antibiotik terdeteksi pada Bifidobacterium spp. dari semua sumber sampel. Bifidobacteria berpotensi menjadi resisten terhadap berbagai antibiotik, seperti tetrasiklin, rifamisin, kloramfenikol, makrolida, linkosamida, streptogramin, dan mupirocin-like antibiotics. Penelitian ini menyarankan pertimbangan aspek keamanan dalam menggunakan Bifidobacterium spp. sebagai probiotik potensial. 
Morphological Characteristics of Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M. Smith) in Several Regions in Aceh Province, Sumatra Rayhannisa, Rayhannisa; Zumaidar, Zumaidar; Amalia, Amalia; Sari, Widya; Saudah, Saudah
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 17 No. 2 (2024): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v17i2.34900

Abstract

AbstractKecombrang (Etlingera elatior) is one of the plant species of the Zingiberaceae family is widely used by the community as food and medicine. Not much research has been done on the morphological diversity of kecombrang plants in Aceh, so scientific information about these plants is still minimal. Therefore, this research needs to be carried out to enrich knowledge about these plants in the Aceh region. Sampling was conducted from January to April 2022 at three places in Central Aceh, Banda Aceh, Weh Island, and Simeulue Island. This research was carried out according to the survey method by roaming and direct collection. A total of 12 groves were collected from wild and cultivated area and observed for 43 characters consisting of quantitative and qualitative data. Based on these observations, two variations of the kecombrang plant have been found based on the color of the bracts, namely the red and pink variants. Based on morphological characters of vegetative organs, all samples of Etlingera elatior had a similarity distance coefficient from 67 to 86%. In addition, the kecombrang plants found in the highlands of Central Aceh have a larger size in leaf and inflorescent compared to samples from other locations.AbstrakKecombrang (Etlingera elatior) adalah salah satu jenis tumbuhan famili Zingiberaceae yang secara luas penggunaanya dikenal oleh masyarakat sebagai makanan dan obat. Belum banyak penelitian terkait keanekaragaman morfologi tumbuhan kecombrang di Aceh, sehingga informasi ilmiah tentang tumbuhan ini masih sedikit. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini perlu dilakukan untuk memperkaya pengetahuan tentang tumbuhan tersebut di daerah Aceh. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Januari hingga April 2022 di tiga tempat yaitu di Aceh Tengah, Banda Aceh, Pulau Weh, dan Pulau Simeulue. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei dengan cara jelajah dan pengumpulan langsung. Sebanyak 12 rumpun dikumpulkan dari kawasan liar dan budi daya dan diamati sebanyak 43 karakter yang terdiri dari data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Berdasarkan pengamatan tersebut, ditemukan dua variasi tanaman kecombrang berdasarkan warna braktea, yaitu varian merah dan merah jambu. Berdasarkan karakter morfologi organ vegetatif, seluruh sampel Etlingera elatior memiliki koefisien kemiripan dari 67 hingga 86%. Selain itu, kecombrang yang ditemukan di dataran tinggi Aceh Tengah mempunyai ukuran daun dan perbungaan yang lebih besar dibandingkan sampel dari lokasi lain.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Velvet Bean Leaves Ethanolic Ointment (Mucuna pruriens L. (DC.)) on Mice Leukocytes Level Fadilaturahmah, Fadilaturahmah; Rahayu, Resti; Santoso, Putra
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.34979

Abstract

AbstractInflammation is a serious problem that needs to be treated. The use of steroid and non-steroidal drugs can treat inflammation well, but long-term use causes many side effects. So, it is necessary to use effective natural medicinal ingredients, one of which is velvet bean leaves (Mucuna pruriens L. (DC.)). This study aims to analyze the effect of velvet bean leaf ointment on the level of leukocyte components in mice experiencing inflammation. This research method was an experiment with a completely randomized design consisting of 6 treatment groups (normal, negative control, positive control (ketoconazole ointment)), velvet bean leaf ointment treatment at doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kgBW. The results showed that the use of velvet bean leaf ointment at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kgBW was able to significantly reduce the quantity of total leukocytes and monocytes in mice compared to the negative control (P <0.05); ointment at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW was able to significantly reduce the quantity of granulocytes and lymphocytes in mice compared to the negative control (P <0.05). The ability of velvet bean leaf ointment at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW is better in reducing the leukocyte quantity component compared to commercial drugs (ketoconazole ointment). Therefore, velvet bean leaf ointment at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW has great potential to be developed into an effective standardized anti-inflammatory drug.AbstrakInflamasi merupakan masalah serius yang perlu ditangani. Penggunaan obat steroid dan nonsteroid dapat mengatasi inflamasi dengan baik, namun penggunaan jangka panjang menimbulkan banyak efek samping. Maka dari itu perlu digunakan bahan obat alami yang efektif, salah satunya adalah daun kacang miang (Mucuna pruriens L. (DC.)). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh salep daun kacang miang terhadap kadar komponen leukosit pada mencit yang mengalami inflamasi. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari 6 kelompok perlakuan (normal, kontrol negatif, kontrol positif (salep ketokonazol)), perlakuan salep daun kacang miang dosis 200, 400, dan 600 mg/kgBB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan salep daun kacang miang dosis 200 dan 400 mg/kgBB mampu menurunkan kuantitas total leukosit dan monosit mencit secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif (P <0,05); Salep daun kacang miang dosis 200 mg/kgBB mampu menurunkan jumlah granulosit dan limfosit pada mencit secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif (P <0,05). Kemampuan salep daun kacang miang dosis 200 mg/kgBB lebih baik dalam menurunkan komponen jumlah leukosit dibandingkan dengan obat komersial (salep ketokonazol). Oleh karena itu, salep daun kacang miang dosis 200 mg/kgBB memiliki potensi besar untuk dikembangkan menjadi obat antiinflamasi terstandar yang efektif.
Effectiveness of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Extract on Increasing Stamina in Male Mice (Mus musculus) Melita, Raina Aulia; Maretha, Delima Engga; Nurokhman, Amin
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.35311

Abstract

AbstractResearch using ethanol extract from black cumin seeds aims to find out whether black cumin seed extract (Nigella sativa) can be effective in increasing the stamina of male mice. The research design used was a completely randomized design (RAL). The samples used were 24 male mice consisting of four treatments and six repetitions. The dosing treatment consisted of a normal control group (P0), 30 mg/kg weight (P1), 60 mg/kg weight (P2), and 120 mg/kg weight (P3). The swimming test method was used to determine the effect of increasing stamina on mice. Data on the swimming duration of mice were analyzed using the ANOVA test then continued using the Post Hoc Test, namely LSD. The average stamina of mice based on swimming duration was the highest, namely at a dose of 120 mg/kgW (P3). Administration of black cumin seed extract (Nigella sativa) at doses of 30 mg/kgBW, 60 mg/kgW, and 120 mg/kgW for 14 days provided effectiveness in increasing stamina in male white mice (Mus musculus) as indicated by an increase in the swimming duration of the mice in each treatment.AbstrakPenelitian menggunakan ekstrak etanol biji jinten hitam bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak biji jinten hitam (Nigella sativa) dapat berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan stamina mencit jantan. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan ialah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 24 ekor mencit jantan yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dan enam pengulangan. Perlakuan pemberian dosis terdiri atas kelompok kontrol normal (P0), 30 mg/kgBB (P1), 60 mg/kgBB (P2), dan 120 mg/kgBB (P3). Metode swimming test digunakan untuk mengetahui efek peningkatan stamina terhadap mencit. Data durasi renang mencit dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA kemudian dilanjutkan menggunakan uji Post Hoc Test yaitu LSD. Rata-rata stamina mencit berdasarkan durasi renang yang paling tinggi yaitu pada dosis 120 mg/kgBB (P3). Pemberian ekstrak biji jinten hitam (Nigella sativa) pada dosis 30 mg/kgBB, 60 mg/kgBB, dan 120 mg/kgBB selama 14 hari dapat berpengaruh dalam peningkatan stamina pada mencit putih jantan (Mus musculus) ditandai meningkatnya durasi renang mencit dimasing-masing perlakuan. 
A Transgenerational Effects of Oil Supplemented Diets on Fruit Flies (Drosophila melanogaster) Progenies Kuswandi, Paramita Cahyaningrum; Pertiwi, Kartika Ratna; Aji, Ibnu Kholdun Sukma
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.35362

Abstract

AbstractThe causes of obesity are multifactorial, one of which is the parental diet. Fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) has homologous genes with humans and is a potential model organism for research on human diseases. This study aims to examine the transgenerational effects of a modified high-fat diet on the number of progenies, sex ratio, and body weight in eight generations of fruit flies. Four types of diets consisted of different fat compositions were used banana, cornmeal, cornmeal + 3% virgin coconut oil (VCO), and cornmeal + 3% palm oil. Data were analyzed using SPSS with ANOVA and DMRT post hoc analysis. Results showed significant differences (P <0.05) in the number of progenies between the diet without oil and with added oil. A higher number of progenies were found in the diet without oil with an average of 85 flies (banana diet) and 85.04 flies (cornmeal diet) compared to the results in the oil diet with 19 flies (cornmeal + 3% VCO) and 76.67 flies (cornmeal + 3% palm oil)The sex ratio and the body weight were not significantly different between each diet, suggesting that there are other factors involved. There were significant differences between the early and late generations for number of progenies and body weight, but not for sex ratio. The VCO was difficult to mix in the media so palm oil has the potential to be used for further investigations to find a better formula for high-fat diet food sources in an obesity study using fruit flies.AbstrakPenyebab terjadinya obesitas bersifat multifaktorial, salah satunya adalah pola makan orang tua. Lalat buah (Drosophila melanogaster) memiliki gen yang homolog dengan manusia dan merupakan organisme model yang potensial untuk penelitian penyakit manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh transgenerasi pola makan tinggi lemak yang dimodifikasi terhadap jumlah keturunan, rasio jenis kelamin, dan berat badan pada delapan generasi lalat buah. Empat jenis pakan dengan komposisi lemak berbeda digunakan yaitu pisang, tepung jagung, tepung jagung + 3% Virgin coconut oil(VCO) dan tepung jagung + 3% minyak sawit. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS dengan analisis post hoc ANOVA dan DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (P <0,05) pada jumlah keturunan, khususnya antara diet tanpa minyak dengan diet dengan minyak. Jumlah progeni yang lebih banyak terdapat pada diet tanpa minyak dengan rata-rata 85 lalat (diet pisang) dan 85,04 lalat (diet tepung jagung) dibandingkan dengan hasil pada diet minyak dengan 19 lalat (tepung jagung + 3% VCO) dan 76,67 lalat (tepung jagung + 3% minyak sawit). Rasio jenis kelamin dan berat badan tidak berbeda secara signifikan antara masing-masing pola makan, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada faktor lain yang terlibat. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara generasi awal dan akhir dalam hal jumlah keturunan dan berat badan, namun tidak untuk rasio jenis kelamin. VCO sulit untuk dicampurkan dalam media sehingga minyak sawit berpotensi digunakan untuk penelitian lebih lanjut untuk menemukan formula sumber makanan diet tinggi lemak yang lebih baik dalam studi obesitas menggunakan lalat buah.
Short Communication: Taxonomic Profiling of Bacteria in The Bio-Enzyme That Produced From Orange Fruit Waste Kurniawan, Andri; Mustikasari, Diah; Kurniawan, Ardiansyah; Muntoro, Muntoro; Setiadi, Jhodi; Kholishah, Nur Afifah
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.36711

Abstract

AbstractFruit wastes are reported as among the main contributors to food waste production. They have an impact on the environment so they need to be treated. To reduce the negative effects, fruit wastes must be treated before they are released into the environment. Meanwhile, the fruit wastes have been reported about their functional properties and nutritional as bio-enzyme. This preliminary study aimed to provide information about metagenome bacteria of bio-enzymes from orange fruit wastes treated with different concentrations of probiotics in anaerobic fermentation. Bio-enzyme was a fermented solution made from a mixture of 15 g brown sugar: 5 kg orange fruit waste: and 12 L water. The fermentation process was carried out for 1 month and then the bioenzyme sample was taken 1 L for metagenome analysis. The metagenomic analysis was carried out using the next-generation sequencing (NGS) method for the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria by amplicon full-length sequencing with nanopore sequencing. In this research, phylum Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria), class Betaproteobacteria, order Burkholderiales, and family Comamonadaceae were the predominant bacterial group of the bio-enzyme that produced from orange fruit waste. Identification of bacterial species in the next research becomes important to understand the role of bacterial species in the biochemical metabolism of bio-enzyme products from orange fruit waste.AbstrakLimbah buah-buahan dilaporkan sebagai salah satu penyumbang utama produksi limbah makanan. Limbah buah mempunyai dampak terhadap lingkungan sehingga perlu ditangani. Limbah buah harus diolah terlebih dahulu untuk mengurangi dampak negatifnya sebelum dibuang ke lingkungan. Sementara itu, limbah buah telah dilaporkan mengenai sifat fungsional dan nutrisinya sebagai bio-enzim. Penelitian awal ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai diversitas metagenom bakteri yang terdapat di produk bioenzim yang diproduksi dari limbah buah jeruk yang diberi perlakuan konsentrasi probiotik berbeda dalam fermentasi anaerobik. Bio-enzim merupakan larutan fermentasi yang terbuat dari campuran 15 g gula merah : 5 kg limbah buah jeruk : 12 L air. Proses fermentasi dilakukan selama 1 bulan dan kemudian sampel bioenzim diambil sebanyak 1 L untuk dianalisis metagenom. Analisis metagenomik bakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode next-generation sequencing (NGS) untuk analisis 16S rRNA gene melalui sekuensing amplikon dengan nanopore sequencing. Pada penelitian ini, keberadaan bakteri pada bio-enzim yang diproduksi dari limbah buah jeruk. Filum Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria), kelas Betaproteobacteria, ordo Burkholderiales, dan famili Comamonadaceae merupakan kelompok bakteri yang dominan di bio-enzim yang diproduksi dari limbah buah jeruk. Identifikasi spesies bakteri pada penelitian selanjutnya menjadi penting untuk mengetahui peranan spesies-spesies bakteri di metabolisme biokimiawi dari produk bio-enzim dari limbah buah jeruk.
Phytoplankton Diversity as Bioindicator of Pollution in Jenes River, Surakarta Pratiwi, Endah; Choirunnisa, Dhiya'; Shafira, Riannisa; Saputra, Alanindra
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.36917

Abstract

AbstractThis research aims to identify the types of phytoplankton, identify the abundance of phytoplankton, and study the relationship between environmental factors and the abundance of phytoplankton. This research was carried out on January 10, 2023, at the Jenes River, Surakarta. Sampling was carried out at 3 observation stations to identify environmental factors (pH, DO, CO2, salinity, BOD, light intensity, temperature, and brightness). Observations were carried out at three stations, namely upstream, middle and downstream, namely, in the morning (06.00–07.00 WIB) and during the day (12.00–14.00 WIB). Measurements of environmental factors were carried out at the integrated laboratory at Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. The results of the research showed that the phytoplankton found were 9 families consisting of 11 species with an average abundance of 6,834 individuals/L in the morning day and an average abundance of 13,088 individuals/L during the day. The most abundant phytoplankton in the morning observations was Ulothrix sp. Meanwhile, the most abundant phytoplankton in the afternoon observations was Chroococcus sp. This abundance is also influenced by environmental factors such as pH, DO, Salinity, BOD, CO2, and temperature. The research found that the middle station had the highest phytoplankton diversity index during the day (1.6), possibly because it was indicated to be lightly polluted, allowing the life of many phytoplankton such as Closterium sp. and Quadrigula sp. The highest abundance of phytoplankton in the morning is Ulothrix sp., in the afternoon, it is Chroococcus sp.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasikan jenis fitoplankton, kelimpahan fitoplankton, dan analisis hubungan faktor lingkungan dengan kelimpahan fitoplankton di Sungai Jenes Surakarta. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada 10 Januari 2023 di Sungai Jenes, Surakarta. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di 3 stasiun pengamatan untuk mengukur faktor lingkungan (pH, DO, CO2, salinitas, BOD, intensitas cahaya, suhu, dan kecerahan). Pengamatan dilakukan di tiga stasiun yaitu hulu, tengah dan hilir sebanyak 2 yaitu, pagi hari (06.00–07.00 WIB) dan siang hari (12.00–14.00 WIB). Pengujian faktor lingkungan dilakukan di laboratorium terpadu Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fitoplankton ditemukan berjumlah 9 famili terdiri dari 11 spesies dengan rata-rata kelimpahan 6.834 individu/L pagi hari dan rata rata kelimpahan 13.088 individu/L pada siang hari. Fitoplankton yang paling melimpah pada pengamatan pagi hari adalah Ulothrix sp., sedangkan siang hari adalah Chroococcus sp. Kelimpahan ini juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti pH, DO, Salinitas, BOD, CO2 , dan suhu. Penelitian menemukan bahwa stasiun tengah memiliki indeks keanekaragaman fitoplankton tertinggi pada siang hari (1,6), kemungkinan karena terindikasi tercemar ringan, memungkinkan hidupnya banyak fitoplankton seperti Closterium sp. dan Quadrigula sp. Kelimpahan fitoplankton tertinggi pada pagi hari adalah Ulothrix sp., sementara pada sore hari adalah Chroococcus sp. 

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